dust to dust: adobe conservation thesis

7/23/2019 Dust to Dust: Adobe conservation thesis

1/79

LR]\ \N LR]\0

C MNGXCZC\FYB ANNK C\ \OB GB\ONL] R]BL \N XZB]BZYB BABYBE

BCZ\OBE ]F\B] FE \OB REF\BL ]\C\B] CEL GB_FMN

Cyfdcfa Cxxbajcrg Moczeny

]rjgf||bl fe xcz|fca iraifaagbe| ni |ob zbsrfzbgbe| inz |ob lbdzbb

Gc}|bz ni ]mfbemb fe Of}|nzfm Xzb}bzyc|fne

Dzclrc|b ]monna ni Czmof|bm|rzb! Xaceefed cel Xzb}bzyc|fne

Mnargjfc Refybz}f|v

/Nm|njbz :884&


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Cj}|zcm|

\f|ab0 Lr}| |n Lr}|0 C Mngxczc|fyb Annk C| |ob Gb|onl} R}bl |n Xzb}bzyb Babybe

Bcz|obe ]f|b} fe |ob Ref|bl ]|c|b} cel Gbfmn

Jv0 Cyfdcfa C% Moczeny

Clyf}nz0 Xcgbac @bzngb

\of} |ob}f} bxanzb} |ob srb}|fne ni toc| |bmoefsrb} tnzk jb}| fe |ob mne}bzyc|fne ni

of}|nzfm! bxn}bl bcz|obe }f|b}% Fe f|! F |ckb c mngxczc|fyb annk c| |ob gb|onl} r}bl |n

xzb}bzyb |be bcz|obe }f|b} fe |ob }nr|otb}|bze Ref|bl ]|c|b} cel enz|obze Gbfmn% \ob |be

}f|b} jbfed bcgfebl czb0 Mc}c Dzcelb! CP; Mnznecln! EG; Lnzdce Onr}b /Jfd Jbel&!

\_; Inz| Mzcfd! EG; Inz| Lcyf}! \_; Inz| ]balbe! EG; Inz| Refne! EG; Xcsrfg /Mc}c}

Dzcelb}&! Gbfmn; Xbmn}! EG; cel \rgcmcmnzf! EG% \ob gcfe mc|bdnzfb} ni

mne}bzyc|fne |bmoefsrb} cel f}}rb} |oc| czb bcgfebl czb xzn|bm|fyb mnc|fed}! mcxxfed cel

ybebbz cxxafmc|fne! tcaa inrelc|fne}! lzcfecdb! tcaa jzcmb} cel }rxxnz|}! ybdb|c|fne!

}oba|bz}! znni}! zbmne}|zrm|fne}! zbjrzfca% Caa }f|b} czb xrjafm! fe|bzxzb|bl cel ocyb }ngb

abyba ni cm|fyb xzb}bzyc|fne gcfe|becemb% Tbaa nybz neb orelzbl vbcz} ni }f|b

gcecdbgbe| f} zbxzb}be|bl%


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\cjab ni Mne|be|}

Mocx|bz 30 Fe|znlrm|fne

Mocx|bz :0 \ob ]f|b}

']f|b Of}|nzfb} cel Lb}mzfx|fne}

Mocx|bz =0 Xac}|bz} cel Felr}|zfca Mobgfmca}

'B|bzfnz Xac}|bz} fe Of}|nzv cel Mne}bzyc|fne

'Recgbelbl Xac}|bz}0 Grl cel Afgb

'Xnz|acel Mbgbe|

Felr}|zfca mobgfmca}

Mobgfmcaav Cgbelbl Xac}|bz}

]rzicmb Cxxafbl \zbc|gbe|}

Mocx|bz


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Af}| ni Faar}|zc|fne}

Ifdrzb 3% Mc}c Dzcelb Zrfe} Ec|fneca Gnergbe|0 ]f|b xon|n%/Xon|n jv cr|onz! Crd% :889&%

Ifdrzb :% Mc}c Dzcelb0 ]f|b gcx ni mngxnrel}%/Dbebzca Feinzgc|fne Zbdczlfed Mc}c Dzcelb Zrfe! Czfpnec% Ref|bl ]|c|b} Lbxcz|gbe|ni |ob Fe|bzfnz% Tc}ofed|ne0 Dnybzegbe| Xzfe|fed Niifmb! 363=% 39'34%&

Ifdrzb =% Mnznecln ]|c|b Gnergbe|0 ]f|b xon|n% /Xon|n jv cr|onz! Crd% :889&%

Ifdrzb


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Ifdrzb 34% Inz| ]balbe0 Tcaa} mne}|zrm|bl inz |ob |b}| tcaa xzn`bm| mnelrm|bl ne |ob }f|b%/Xon|n jv cr|onz! @ra% :889&%

Ifdrzb 3?% Xcsrfg0 Of}|nzfm tcaa} mnybzbl fe gra|fxab acvbz} niebt nal clnjb grl%\ob xon|n lbxfm|} lb|bzfnzc|fne ni |ob xzn|bm|fyb bcz|obe xac}|bz% Tofab |ob xac}|bz }onral

en| jb caantbl |n cmmrgrac|b c| |ob tcaa jc}b}! |ob mnc|fed lnb} en| ebbl |n jb zbcxxafblfggblfc|bav rxne lb|bzfnzc|fne! c} gcev acvbz} gr}| lb|bzfnzc|b jbinzb |ob of}|nzfmgc|bzfca f} zbcmobl% /Xon|n jv cr|onz! Crd% :889&%

Ifdrzb 36% Bcgxab ni |ob r}b ni tcaa mcx} inz |ob mne}bzyc|fne ni bcz|obe tcaa} c|Xbmn}% /Xon|n jv cr|onz! Crd% :889&%

Ifdrzb :8% Inz| Refne0 Nzfdfeca jzfmk mnzefmb} zbgcfefed ne clnjb tcaa}%/Xon|n jv cr|onz! Crd% :889&%

Ifdrzb :3% Inz| ]balbe0 Mnyfed cel relbzmr||fed f} nmmrzzfed |n gcev ni |ob tcaa jc}b}

c| |ob Inz|% /Xon|n jv cr|onz! @ra% :889&%

Ifdrzb ::% Inz| ]balbe0 Lb|bzfnzc|bl }bm|fne} czb zbgnybl jbinzb ebt clnjb} czb xacmblfe |ob tcaa jc}b}% /Mcxbz|ne! \ongc} @% ]|cjfafpc|fne ni Inz| ]balbe} Zrfe}%C}}nmfc|fne inz Xzb}bzyc|fne \bmoenandv /CX\& Jraab|fe ::! En% = /3668&0 =:%&

Ifdrzb :=% Inz| Mzcfd0 Lb|bzfnzc|fne xc||bze |n |ob bcz|obe zbgcfe} ni |ob }|nzbonr}bmcr}bl jv zcfe cel acmk ni c dnnl lzcfecdb }v}|bg% /Xon|n jv cr|onz! @ra% :889&%

Ifdrzb :


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Ifdrzb =:% \rgcmcmnzf0 \ob lb|bzfnzc|bl morzmo jrfalfed fe 3??9% /Xon|n izng01o||x0..ttt%ex}%dny.czmofyb.|rgc.Xzb}^Bii|%o|ga5 2.:8.84

Ifdrzb ==% Mnznecln0 Zbmne}|zrm|bl znng% /Xon|n jv cr|onz! Crd% :889&%

Ifdrzb =


7/79

Mocx|bz 30 Fe|znlrm|fne

Bxn}bl bcz|obe jrfalfed} xn}b |zbgbelnr} xznjabg} inz |ob czmof|bm|rzca

mne}bzyc|nz% Ca|onrdo xznxbzav gcfe|cfebl bcz|obe jrfalfed} mce ac}| felbifef|bav! c}

}nne c} |ob xac}|bz tbcz} nii! |ob jc}b bznlb}! nz |ob znni icfa}! |ob jrfalfed tfaa jbdfe |n

lb|bzfnzc|b c| c zcxfl xcmb% \ob }fgxab ce}tbz f} |n zbxcfz |ob jc}b! zb'xac}|bz |ob tcaa}!

nz zbjrfal |ob znni! jr| tobe f| mngb} |n czmocbnandfmca zrfe} |of} f} en| catcv} |ob gn}|

cxxznxzfc|b cm|fne |n |ckb c} f| gcv oczg of}|nzfm gc|bzfca%

\ob inaantfed f} c mngxczc|fyb }|rlv feyb}|fdc|fed |bmoefsrb} r}bl inz |ob

mne}bzyc|fne ni bxn}bl bcz|obe }f|b} fe |ob czmocbnandfmca mne|b|% Efeb bxn}bl

bcz|obe }f|b} fe |ob }nr|otb}|bze Ref|bl ]|c|b} cel neb fe enz|obze Gbfmn tfaa jb annkbl

c|% \obv czb0 Mc}c Dzcelb! CP; Mnznecln! EG; Lnzdce Onr}b /Jfd Jbel&! \_; Inz|

Mzcfd! EG; Inz| Lcyf}! \_; Inz| ]balbe! EG; Inz| Refne! EG; Xcsrfg /Mc}c}

Dzcelb}&! Gbfmn; Xbmn}! EG; cel \rgcmcmnzf! EG% Ni |ob}b |be }f|b}! |ozbb czb xzb'

Mnargjfce! |tn czb gf}}fne! inrz czb izne|fbz inz|}! cel neb f} c zcemo% Bcgfec|fne f}

gclb ni |ob xzb}bzyc|fne }|bx} |ckbe! |ob mnelf|fne} feiarbemfed |ob monfmb}! cel |ob

biibm|fybeb}} ni |ob yczfnr} gb|onl}! |obfz xznjabg}! mn}|}! lzctjcmk} cel jbebif|}% C

jzncl }xbm|zrg f} mnybzbl! femarlfed xac}|bz} /b|bzfnz cel fe|bzfnz&! felr}|zfca mobgfmca}!

mcxxfed! tcaa inrelc|fne}! lzcfecdb! cel tcaa jzcmb}% Fe cllf|fne! |ob r}b ni }oba|bz}!

znni}! zbmne}|zrm|fne! cel zbjrzfca tfaa jb bcgfebl%

\ob }f|b} czb clgfef}|bzbl jv c ergjbz ni nzdcefpc|fne} cel c |ocek vnr dnb} |n

caa ni |obg% \ob Fe}|f|r|n Ecmfneca lb Ce|znxnandfc b Of}|nzfc /FECO&! Jrzbcr ni Acel

Gcecdbgbe| /JAG&! Ec|fneca Xczk ]bzyfmb /EX]& femarlfed |ob Ycef}ofed \zbc}rzb}


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/Y\& Fef|fc|fyb! cel |ob ]|c|b ni Ebt Gbfmn ocyb caa mne|zfjr|bl dbebznr}av |n |ob

zb}bczmo relbz|ckbe fe xr||fed |ndb|obz |of} |ob}f}%

Bcz|obe Czmof|bm|rzb

Bcz|o oc} jbbe r}bl inz mne}|zrm|fne }femb orgce} ifz}| jbdce |n jrfal% Bcz|obe

czmof|bm|rzb f} inrel ne bybzv mne|febe| cel fe gn}| mnre|zfb} ni |ob tnzal% \ob}b

jrfalfed} femarlb }ngb ni nrz gn}| |zbc}rzbl of}|nzfmca cel tnzal obzf|cdb }f|b} }rmo c}

Moce Moce! \ba Lce! |ob ]rgbzfce Pfddrzc|}! |ob Dzbc| Gn}srb ni L`beeb! xcz|} ni |ob

Dzbc| Tcaa ni Mofec! cel |ob cemfbe| mf|v ni @bzfmon! c} tbaa c} Mc}c Dzcelb! \rgcmcmnzf

cel |ob n|obz Enz|o Cgbzfmce }f|b}% Bcz|o f} ce cjrelce| cel zbac|fybav febxbe}fyb

gc|bzfca% F| f} mngxn}bl ni anmcaav cycfacjab zb}nrzmb}! gcfeav }nfa tf|o }ngb macv

mne|be| cel tc|bz; |obzb f} ni|be c xnna ni anmca mzci|}gbe icgfafcz tf|o mne}|zrm|fne

|bmoefsrb}; cel fi gcfe|cfebl f| mce tf|o}|cel tbc|obz! |fgb! cel bybe ec|rzca lf}c}|bz}%3

Nemb cjcelnebl! ce bcz|obe jrfalfed f} b|zbgbav lfiifmra| |n xzb}bzyb% F| tfaa c||bgx| |n

zb|rze |n |ob bcz|o c| c zcxfl zc|b% Dfybe |ob}b icm|nz}! cjcelnebl of}|nzfm clnjb }f|b} czb

ni|be inrel fe c }|c|b ni }rmo lf}zbxcfz |oc| ab}} |oce 28" ni bcmo }|zrm|rzb zbgcfe}

}|celfed%

\obzb czb |ozbb tcv} |oc| tc|bz! |ob gcfe mcr}b ni lb|bzfnzc|fne inz gn}| bcz|obe

}|zrm|rzb}! mce xbeb|zc|b c tcaa0 |oznrdo |ob |nx! |ob jn||ng! nz |ob }flb}% \ob

mne}bzyc|nz} ifz}| mocaabedb f} |n xzbybe| |ob be|zcemb ni bmb}}fyb gnf}|rzb! jr|

zbcafpfed |oc| }ngb tfaa febyf|cjav be|bz! f| f} bsrcaav fgxnz|ce| |n be}rzb |oc| f| mce bf|

3Znjbz| Ocz|pabz! Onalfed Lnte |ob Inz|}0 \ob Czgv! Clnjb! cel Xzb}bzyc|fne Mra|rzca Zb}nrzmb Gcecdbgbe|::!

En% 9 /3666&0 22%


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tf|onr| mcr}fed oczg% \ob mne}bsrbemb} czb acfl nr| fe Xzb}bzyc|fne ni Of}|nzfm Clnjb

]|zrm|rzb}'C ]|c|r} Zbxnz|0

c% cm|fne ni zcfe tc|bz ne |ob |nx ni tcaa} zb}ra|fed fe |obinzgc|fne ni lbbx if}}rzb} cel mzcmk} fe |ob |nx cel ybz|fmca}rzicmb} ni |ob tcaa}!

j% }ant bzn}fne ni |ob ybz|fmca }rzicmb} ni tcaa}!m% relbzmr||fed c| |ob jc}b ni tcaa} lrb |n |ob cm|fne ni }ca|'

mne|cfefed dznrel tc|bz nz ni cmmrgrac|bl zcfe tc|bz%:

Gb|onl}! }rmo c} mcxxfed! mce xzbybe| zcfe tc|bz izng be|bzfed |oznrdo |ob |nx ni |ob

tcaa; |ob xacmbgbe| ni clnjb ybebbz} cel xac}|bz} mce xzn|bm| |ob }flb} ni |ob tcaa; cel

lzcfecdb cel zb'dzclfed mce obax }|nx gnf}|rzb izng zf}fed rx |oznrdo |ob jc}b%

]f|b gcecdbz} czb icmbl tf|o |ob mocaabedb ni jcacemfed mne}bzyc|fne cel

xzb}be|c|fne! tf|o |ob relbz}|celfed |oc| en monfmb f} xbzibm|% Tofab zbclfed |ob

inaantfed cecav}f}! jbcz fe gfel |oc| |ob }f|b} fe|bzxzb|bl c} }|celfed zrfe} czb `r}| |oc|!

zrfe}! cel f| f} fgxn}}fjab |n kbbx c zrfe izng lb|bzfnzc|fed irz|obz tf|onr| mocedfed f|}

cxxbczcemb! nz f|} }|c|r} c} c zrfe% \ob mne}bzyc|fne ni of}|nzfm bcz|obe zrfe} }onral

xbzocx} jb gnzb cxxznxzfc|bav |onrdo| ni c} b|belfed |ob xznmb}} ni lbmcv nybz |fgb!

zc|obz |oce }r}xbelfed nz xzbybe|fed f|%

\vxb} ni Bcz|obe ]|zrm|rzb}

\obzb czb gcev }|vab} ni cel tcv} |n jrfal tf|o bcz|o! femarlfed clnjb jzfmk!

xrllabl bcz|o! cel zcggbl bcz|o% Bcz|obe czmof|bm|rzca ibc|rzb} mce ca}n jb inrel fe

mngjfec|fne tf|o n|obz jrfalfed gc|bzfca}! }rmo c} clnjb tcaa} jrfa| ne }|neb

inrelc|fne}! nz bcz|obe lfyflfed tcaa} fe}flb }|neb gc}nezv afkb |on}b c| Mocmn Mra|rzb

:@cgb} Z% Mafi|ne! Xzb}bzyc|fne ni Of}|nzfm Clnjb ]|zrm|rzb}0 C ]|c|r} Zbxnz| \bmoefmca Zbxnz| 6=< /Tc}ofed|ne!

L%M%0 Ec|fneca Jrzbcr ni ]|celczl}! R] Dnybzegbe| Xzfe|fed Niifmb! Ibj% 3644&! 3=%


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Ec|fneca Of}|nzfm Xczk c| Xrbjan Jnef|n%= F| f} c} oczl |n cxxav c }fedab lb}mzfx|fne |n

bcz|obe jrfalfed} c} f| tnral jb |n dfyb neb |n caa }|neb nz tnnlbe }|zrm|rzb}% Gn}| }f|b}

lf}mr}}bl fe |of} |ob}f} tbzb mne}|zrm|bl ni clnjb jzfmk}! jr| en| caa ni |obg% Mc}c

Dzcelb cel Xcsrfg! inz bcgxab! tbzb mne}|zrm|bl ni xrllabl bcz|o%

Clnjb! kente fe xcz|} ni |ob tnzal c} grl jzfmk! f} gclb jv gffed }nfa

/xznxnz|fne} ni macv! }fa|! }cel&! cel tc|bz! cel xacmfed |ob gf fe|n tnnlbe gnal}% Ce

nzdcefm ifjbz }rmo c} }|zct! ocfz! nz dzc}} f} }ngb|fgb} cllbl |n dfyb }|zbed|o< cel

xzbybe| mzcmkfed lrzfed |ob mrzfed xznmb}}%2 Ci|bz |ob gnal} czb zbgnybl! |ob clnjb

jzfmk} czb xacmbl fe |ob }re cel abi| |n lzv% Nemb iraav mrzbl! |obv czb acfl tf|o bcz|obe'

gnz|cz |n inzg tcaa} |oc| czb |obe enzgcaav mnybzbl tf|o c xzn|bm|fyb xac}|bz mnc|fed!

|vxfmcaav ni afgb nz grl%

\ob gckfed ni clnjb jzfmk} f} ce febcm| }mfbemb; anmcaav cycfacjab gc|bzfca} czb

r}bl! }n xznxnz|fne} cel fedzblfbe|} yczv% \ob |vxb ni }nfa r}bl oc} c dzbc| biibm| ne f|}

lrzcjfaf|v%9 Clnjb jzfmk} mne|cfefed c zbac|fybav ofdo xbzmbe|cdb ni mcafmob /mcamfrg

mczjnec|b&! c ec|rzca jfelbz! ocyb ni|be ac}|bl anedbz |oce |on}b tf|onr|% Clnjb tf|o

}fpbcjab cgnre|} ni ene'bxcelfed macv} ca}n cxxbcz} |n ac}| anedbz |oce |on}b mne|cfefed

bxce}fyb macv} nz aczdbz cgnre|} ni }cel.}fa| gf tf|o fe}riifmfbe| macv xzb}be| |n }bzyb

c} jfelbz jb|tbbe |ob clnjb gc|bzfca}%4

Xrllabl bcz|o lfiibz} izng clnjb neav fe gb|onl

ni mne}|zrm|fne; tcaa} czb jrfa| jv xrllafed zc|obz |oce mne}|zrm|bl ni acfl /clnjb&

jzfmk% Bcz|obe gc|bzfca f} acfl rx fe }rmmb}}fyb ocel'xcmkbl mnrz}b} tf|o en inzgtnzk;?

=Ocz|pabz! Onalfed Lnte |ob Inz|} :=%

Ont grmo of}|nzfm gc|bzfca mce jb zbxacmbl |n be}rzb |oc| c of}|nzfm zb}nrzmb

zbgcfe} be`nvcjab inz ir|rzb dbebzc|fne}> \of} gr}| caa jb mne}flbzbl tobe monn}fed c

mnrz}b ni cm|fne inz |ob xzb}bzyc|fne ni c of}|nzfm zb}nrzmb%

6\ob ocel xcmkfed ni |ob}b felfyflrca gnrel} ni|be abe| c znrelbl annk |n |ob icmb ni |ob inzgbl ref|! }ngb|fgb}

|bzgbl c |rz|ab'jcmk%38

Fntc! 6


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Mocx|bz :0 ]f|b Of}|nzfb} cel Lb}mzfx|fne}

Bcmo }f|b f} lb}mzfjbl jbant |n xznyflb |ob zbclbz tf|o |ob ebmb}}czv jcmkdznrel% \ob

}f|b} czb af}|bl fe caxocjb|fmca nzlbz cel femarlb c jzfbi of}|nzv! c lb}mzfx|fne ni |ob }f|b

mnelf|fne} cel nj}bzyc|fne} gclb jv |ob cr|onz lrzfed |ob }rggbz ni :889%

Mc}c Dzcelb /Czfpnec&

Ecgb0 Mc}c Dzcelb Zrfe} Ec|fneca Gnergbe|% [Ifdrzb 3W

Anmc|fne0 Jb|tbbe \rm}ne cel Xonbef fe |ob enz|obze ]nenzce Lb}bz| zbdfne ni

}nr|obze Czfpnec%

Gcecdbgbe|0 \ob Ec|fneca Xczk ]bzyfmb%

Lb}fdec|fne Lc|b}0 Lbmaczbl |ob Mc}c Dzcelb Zrfe} Zb}bzyc|fne fe 3?6:! cel

lb}fdec|bl c Ec|fneca Gnergbe| fe 363?! f| tc} |ob ifz}| iblbzcaav irelbl czmocbnandfmca

}f|b xzb}bzyc|fne xzn`bm|%3:

\bgxbzc|rzb cel Mnelf|fne}0 Mc}c Dzcelb f} anmc|bl fe c lb}bz| beyfznegbe| tobzb

}rggbz lcv|fgb |bgxbzc|rzb} mce zbcmo gnzb |oce 388I; tfe|bz |bgxbzc|rzb} zcedb

izng 98I |n ?8I; }xzfed cel }rggbz ofdo} mce zbcmo ?8I cel 68I tf|o dbebzcaav lzv

tbc|obz%3=

\ob }f|b zbmbfyb} ce cybzcdb ni cjnr| bfdo| femob} ni zcfe ceercaav%3

dust to dust: adobe conservation thesis

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