dyneema in aquaculture
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Dyneema® in AquacultureTRANSCRIPT
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Nets that provide a safer place to growHow Dyneema® fibers can help you grow andprotect your business
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ContentContent
• Trust your business – and your future – to the world’sstrongest fiber
• Nets that reduce the percentage of escapes
• Improved cage performance for healthier growth
• Nets that cut the cost of doing business
• A different fiber for new challenges
• Background about the fiber
• DSM and DSM Dyneema
• Our value proposition
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Trust your business – and your future –to the world’s strongest fiber
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The worldThe world’’s strongest fibers strongest fiber
Dyneema® fiber is:– 15 times stronger than steel
– 4 to 5 times stronger than polyamide
– Lighter than water
– Extremely durable
So it can:– Stop bullets
– Pull oil tankers
– Serve as orthopedic suture
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History in Commercial FishingHistory in Commercial Fishing
• Dyneema® has been in use in commercial fishing applications formany years such as trawl nets and many rope applications
• In aquaculture, many nets made with Dyneema® have been in thewater globally for many years
• In Hawaii one fish farmer is already using the same net since 1998,and is currently expanding
• In the Mediterranean, Dyneema® has become the standard materialfor bity fish such as sea bream
• In the Nordic, cod farming seems only possible with nets made ofDyneema® fiber, since the use of other materials can lead tosignificant fish escapes (up to 40%)
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Approach to aquacultureApproach to aquaculture
• We have a dedicated, experienced team
• We know the industry
• We collaborate with key – hi tech players
• We have developed a System Cost Analysis tool to help youdetermine your benefits
• We provide technical support by means of our own technical facilitiesas well as by collaborating with international institutes andorganizations
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Nets that reduce the percentageof escapes
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Very tough exceptional bite resistanceVery tough exceptional bite resistance
• Dyneema® fibers can resist almost any attack by biting fish
• With regular nylon nets, fish escapes up to 40% have been reported !
• Imagine 40% of your fish are lost after 9 months growth....
• Extreme bite resistance is illustrated by the popularity among cod and seabream farmers; fish well-known for their bites
• Some fish farmers feel confident enough to lower diving inspections
• Some insurance companies lower their premiums for cod farmers, when theyuse nets made with Dyneema®
• Bite resistance is illustrated by the fact that Dyneema® fibers are also used incut resistance gloves
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Escapes: a simple calculationEscapes: a simple calculation
• 90 meter circular cage, 15 meters deep
• volume: 10000 m3
• fish (mt): 200.000 kg (at 20 kg/m3)
• value (4 $/kg): 800.000 $
• Imagine losing only 10%, representing 80.000 $...
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Improved cage performancefor healthier growth
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Healthier fish environmentHealthier fish environment
• The strength of the Dyneema® fibers, enables much smaller twinescompared to traditional materials – for equal strength
• Smaller twines, mean less surface for fouling to grow on
• Smaller twines also increase water flow through the cage, improvingthe water exchange and available oxygen
• Smaller twines mean better shape stability of the nets, therefore lessstressed fish, and thus better growth and lower mortalities
• Imagine, harvesting only 2% more fish...
• ...this would be about >16.000 $...in one cage...
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Simulations of cage behaviorSimulations of cage behavior
• Simulations comparing nets made with nylon and Dyneema® fiber, wereperformed by Aquastructures AS (Norway, www.aquastructures.no)
• Set up:– net breaking force of 95 kg
– 45 mm full mesh
– 90 meter circumference and square steel cages
– weights: 35 kg/m
• Simulations to compare:– strain on the mooring/cage system
– tensions in the netting
– shape stability of the netting
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Residual cage volume at 0.3 m/sResidual cage volume at 0.3 m/s
Dyneema® Polyamide95% residual volume 82% residual volume
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Residual cage volume at 0.7 m/sResidual cage volume at 0.7 m/s
Dyneema® Polyamide
54% residual volume 34% residual volume
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Summary of residual volumesSummary of residual volumes
34540.7
52740.5
82950.3
PolyamideDyneema®Water Current (m/s)
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Forces in the cagesForces in the cages
Dyneema® Polyamide
35 Newton 85 Newton
•Conclusion:• Forces on the cage system are higher with nets made from
nylon fiber, therefore it is likely that fatigue occurs sooner
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Nets that cut the cost of doing business
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Save on maintenanceSave on maintenance
• Experience from trawling shows up to 3 times longer lifetime thanother materials
• Dyneema® fibers outperform other materials with respect to:
– abrasion resistance
– tension fatigue
– UV resistance
• Service life of netting expected to be significantly longer thantraditional materials
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Weight of the nettingWeight of the netting
• Dyneema® fibers are 4 to 5 times stronger than nylon
• This creates several options for the fish farmer:
– Much lighter for equal strength, weights can be as low as 35% ofthe weight, for equal size
– A much larger net for equal weight
– A much stronger net for equal weight
• In addition, Dyneema® does not absorb water and does not shrink
• Less weight also means less antifouling usage
• Less weight increases safety during handling
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Many opportunitiesMany opportunities• The Dyneema® fiber properties, provide many opportunities for reducing
operational cost
• Benefits taken into acount:– less fish escapes
– reduced antifouling cost
– reduced maintenance cost
– reduced diving inspections
– increased fish health
– lower insurance premiums
• Together with the fish farmers, we determine the benefits nets made ofDyneema® can bring you
• System cost analysis tool: Operating cost are taking into acount versus initialinvestment
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System cost analysis toolSystem cost analysis toolexample
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A different fiber for new challenges
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New industry challengesNew industry challenges
• Moving to exposed sites and offshore locations– Dyneema® fibers are very well suited for fish farming in exposed
sites
• Bigger is better...and easier– Dyneema® fibers allow you to install larger cages, without the
need for additional handling equipment
• Endless opportunities with a long history of reliability,turning properties into profitabilities for the end user
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Putting DyneemaPutting Dyneema®® to the testto the test
• DSM Dyneema is constantly looking for new applications andimprovements of the current product portfolio
• Please get in touch with your challenge !
DSM DyneemaMauritslaan 49, UrmondPO Box 1163, 6160 BD GeleenThe Netherlands
www.dyneema.comwww.commercialfishing.dyneema.come-mail: [email protected]
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Background about the fiber
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Free breaking length (km)
Polyester/nylon
Dyneema®
Aramid
Carbon fiber
Glass
Steel 25
85135
235
195
400
The WorldThe World’’s Strongest Fibers Strongest Fiber
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Chemical resistanceChemical resistance
• Dyneema® fibers are not affected by sea water
• Nylon looses up to 15% of its strength and can becomestiff during use in wet applications
• Dyneema® fibers are resistant to most commonchemicals such as acids and bases as well as organics
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Our value proposition
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Values beyond strengthValues beyond strength
• Dyneema®, the world’s strongest fiber, provides many benefits andopportunities for the fish farming industry
• Containment nets made with Dyneema® will help reduce yourmaintenance cost, and provide a safer and healthier environment forthe fish to grow
• Predator nets made with Dyneema® will provide increased biteresistance and increased safety against predators
• Nets made with Dyneema® fibers, help you be prepared for futurechallenges
• We work together with customer and fish farmers to provide the bestsolution for their specific situation
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DisclaimerDisclaimer
This presentation is intended to give general information only on thecharacteristics of Dyneema® products. Purchases of Dyneema® productsshould be made only after a thorough assessment of particular needs andsuitability of a particular Dyneema® product with the assistance of aprofessional. Dyneema® products are sold only under contracts containingspecific product specifications
Dyneema® is a registered trademark of Royal DSM N.V.