e-bug is operated by public health england debate kit ... · of the e-bug team. the kit has been...
TRANSCRIPT
Learning notes Learning notes Learning objectives:• To practise discussing and debating issues and expressing an opinion.
• Understand more of the technical, social and ethical issues around antibiotics and antibiotic resistance.
Other learning outcomes:• Consider social, ethical and factual issues in an integrated way.
• Think about different points of view.
• Learn to back up their opinions with facts.
Curriculum points covered:Working scientifically• Societal aspects of scientific evidence• Developing an argument
Substantive• Explore the issues around the use of antibiotics to control infection, and the spread of antibiotic resistance.
This kit has been produced by the award-winning I'm a Scientist team and funded by e-Bug operated by Public Health England.This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/.
Facilitation tipsEnsure pupils know there is no right or wrong answer. Be observant of those who want to speak and are not getting a chance. Encourage students to give a reason for their opinions.
For groups who may need extra support you can put the following prompt sentences upon the board: “I think we should/shouldn’t tell GPs to give back-up prescriptions because………………….” “I think ……………… is the most important point to think about.”
You can use all eight characters, or fewer, as you wish.
The minimum is the four essential characters (in bold), this gives two for and two against.
Debate Kit: Antibiotic ResistanceShould the NHS tell GPs to give back-up prescriptions instead of immediate antibiotics wherever possible?A structured practice debate on a controversial topic. The different ‘rounds’ of the debate help students think through the issues and reconsider their opinions. The structure also shows them how to build a discussion and back up their opinions with facts.
CharactersFor back-up prescriptions
• Rowena Brown – GP• Glen Rosewell – Medical Historian• Rekha Prasad – Granddaughter
• Jeremy Smart – Farmer
Against back-up prescriptions
• Angie Smolenska – Antibiotic Researcher• Barry Ashdown – Business Owner• Martin Upton – Computer Programmer
• Sarah Manse – Retired GP
Science Debate Kit:Science Debate Kit:Antibiotic Resistance
For more activities and debate kits in this series go to debate.imascientist.org.uk
e-Bug is operated by Public Health England
Kit N7
Designed for 11-18 years
Supported by
This
wor
k is
lice
nsed
und
er th
e C
reat
ive
Com
mon
s A
ttrib
utio
n-N
onC
omm
erci
al-S
hare
Alik
e4.
0 In
tern
atio
nal L
icen
se. T
o vi
ew a
cop
y of
this
lice
nse,
visi
t http
://cr
eativ
ecom
mon
s.or
g/lic
ense
s/by
-nc-
sa/4
.0/.
Que
stio
n: S
houl
d th
e N
HS
tell
GPs
to
give
bac
k-up
pre
script
ions
inst
ead
of
imm
edia
te a
ntib
iotic
s w
here
ver po
ssib
le?
Teac
her N
otes
Less
on p
lan
The
diffe
rent
‘rou
nds’
of t
he d
ebat
e he
lp s
tude
nts
thin
k th
roug
h th
e is
sues
and
reco
nsid
er th
eir o
pini
ons.
The
st
ruct
ure
also
sho
ws
them
how
to b
uild
a d
iscu
ssio
n
and
back
up
thei
r opi
nion
s w
ith fa
cts.
Star
ter:
5 m
inut
es.
Has
any
one
in th
e cl
ass
ever
take
n an
tibio
tics?
Wha
t did
th
ey ta
ke th
em fo
r? C
an th
ey s
ay w
hat a
ntib
iotic
s ar
e?
Wha
t illn
esse
s ca
n th
ey b
e us
ed to
trea
t? (Y
ou m
ay w
ant t
o re
cap
the
diffe
renc
e be
twee
n vi
ruse
s an
d ba
cter
ia h
ere)
. A
re th
ere
any
disa
dvan
tage
s of
taki
ng a
ntib
iotic
s?
Do
stud
ents
alre
ady
have
an
opin
ion
on w
heth
er th
e N
HS
sh
ould
tell
GP
s to
giv
e ba
ck-u
p pr
escr
iptio
ns?
Ask
thei
r on
line
surv
ey
(deb
ate.
imas
cien
tist.o
rg.u
k/an
tibio
tic-r
esis
tanc
e-re
sour
ces)
Mai
n A
ctiv
ity: 3
5 m
inut
es.
1) S
plit
stud
ents
into
as
man
y gr
oups
as
char
acte
rs y
ou
wan
t to
cove
r.
Des
igne
d fo
r 11-
18 y
ears
Bac
k-up
pre
scrip
tions
A ba
ck-u
p pr
escr
iptio
n (s
omet
imes
als
o ca
lled
a de
laye
d
pres
crip
tion)
is w
hen
the
GP
advi
ses
the
patie
nt th
at th
ey
will
pro
babl
y ge
t bet
ter w
ithin
a fe
w d
ays
anyw
ay, e
xpla
ins
th
e pr
oble
ms
with
ant
ibio
tic u
se, g
ives
them
som
e ad
vice
on
ta
king
car
e of
them
selv
es in
the
mea
ntim
e, B
UT
give
s th
em
a pr
escr
iptio
n fo
r ant
ibio
tics
whi
ch th
ey c
an u
se if
they
don
’t ge
t bet
ter s
oon,
or t
hey
feel
wor
se, a
nd th
ey th
ink
they
nee
d
it. T
his
save
s th
e pa
tient
hav
ing
to m
ake
a se
cond
vis
it to
th
eir G
P su
rger
y or
out
of h
ours
ser
vice
, put
s bo
th th
e
doct
or’s
and
pat
ient
’s m
inds
at r
est,
and
allo
ws
the
patie
nt to
st
art t
reat
men
t im
med
iate
ly if
they
get
a lo
t wor
se (s
o
prev
entin
g co
mpl
icat
ions
).
Com
mon
mis
conc
eptio
nsA
ntib
iotic
s ca
n be
use
d to
trea
t a c
old
– an
tibio
tics
can’
t hel
p w
ith v
iral i
llnes
ses,
onl
y ba
cter
ial o
nes.
Viru
ses
have
a d
iffer
ent
stru
ctur
e to
bac
teria
l cel
ls a
nd s
o an
tibio
tics
do n
ot a
ffect
them
.
As
they
got
bet
ter l
ast t
ime
with
ant
ibio
tics
they
nee
d th
em th
is ti
me
– ho
wev
er m
ost r
espi
rato
ry tr
act i
nfec
tions
bette
r on
thei
r ow
n w
ithou
t the
nee
d fo
r ant
ibio
tics,
ev
en m
any
of th
e on
es c
ause
d by
bac
teria
.
It’s
the
pers
on w
ho b
ecom
es re
sist
ant –
rese
arch
has
sho
wn
that
man
y of
the
publ
ic h
ave
a ve
ry h
azy
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
w
hat a
ntib
iotic
resi
stan
ce m
eans
. Som
e th
ink
that
the
pe
rson
bec
omes
resi
stan
t to
the
antib
iotic
, so
they
can
’t ta
ke it
an
ymor
e. In
fact
it is
the
bact
eriu
m w
hich
bec
omes
resi
stan
t.
cour
se, s
ome
of th
e ba
cter
ia in
fect
ing
you
and
also
som
e of
th
e ‘fr
iend
ly’ b
acte
ria th
at w
e ca
rry h
arm
less
ly in
our
gut
, will
be
resi
stan
t to
the
antib
iotic
. So
anyo
ne w
ho’s
take
n an
tibio
tics
in
the
last
yea
r will
prob
ably
hav
e a
few
resi
stan
t bac
teria
livi
ng
on th
eir b
odie
s. T
his
isn’
t usu
ally
a p
robl
em fo
r the
m, a
s
mos
t of t
he b
acte
ria th
ey w
ere
infe
cted
with
hav
e be
en
kille
d, a
nd th
eir i
mm
une
syst
em is
abl
e to
dea
l with
the
rest
of
them
. The
se re
sist
ant b
acte
ria c
an h
owev
er b
e a
prob
lem
fo
r pre
gnan
t wom
en, a
nd th
ose
with
repe
ated
infe
ctio
ns o
r ot
her c
hron
ic il
lnes
ses.
Ant
ibio
tics
are
pain
kille
rs –
Ant
ibio
tics
only
kill
bact
eria
and
Taki
ng a
ntib
iotic
s m
eans
you
can
’t dr
ink
alco
hol –
m
ost a
ntib
iotic
s ar
e sa
fe to
com
bine
with
alc
ohol
. Onl
y
met
roni
dazo
le th
at is
use
d fo
r par
ticul
ar g
ut o
r too
th in
fect
ions
ca
uses
a p
robl
em w
ith a
lcoh
ol.
Sup
porte
d by
:
All
fact
s in
this
kit
have
bee
n re
sear
ched
. Ref
eren
ces
can
be
foun
d on
line
at: d
ebat
e.im
asci
entis
t.org
.uk/
antib
iotic
-res
ist-
ance
-res
ourc
es
Spe
cial
than
ks to
Dr M
icha
el M
oore
, fro
m U
nive
rsity
of
Sou
tham
pton
; Ste
ve E
ldrid
ge, f
rom
Vet
erin
ary
Med
icin
es
Dire
ctor
ate;
Dr M
ark
Web
ber,
from
Uni
vers
ity o
f Birm
ingh
am;
Rut
h D
ale,
from
NH
S D
evon
; Dr A
lun
With
ey, f
rom
Uni
vers
ity
of E
xete
r; an
d D
r Vic
ki Y
oung
and
Dr C
liodn
a M
cNul
ty, l
eade
rs
of th
e e-
Bug
team
.
The
kit h
as b
een
prod
uced
by
the
awar
d-w
inni
ng I’
m a
S
cien
tist t
eam
and
fund
ed b
y e-
Bug
, a p
roje
ct o
pera
ted
by
Pub
lic H
ealth
Eng
land
.
Kit N
o 7
6pp
A6
Inst
ruct
ions
She
ets
(Ant
i Res
) (Fi
nal 1
5th
oct).
indd
1
15/1
0/20
14
20:0
3
We
spok
e to
an
expe
rt in
ant
ibio
tic p
resc
ribin
g, h
e sa
id, “
Peop
le
talk
abo
ut th
e po
st-a
ntib
iotic
era
, but
for s
ome
bact
eria
, in
som
e pl
aces
, it’s
alre
ady
here
.” Th
ere
are
patie
nts
toda
y in
UK
ho
spita
ls w
ho h
ave
infe
ctio
ns th
at n
one
of o
ur a
ntib
iotic
s ca
n tre
at. A
ll do
ctor
s ca
n do
is k
eep
them
com
forta
ble
and
hope
that
th
eir i
mm
une
syst
em k
icks
in. T
he s
ituat
ion
is fa
r wor
se in
par
ts
of th
e de
velo
ping
wor
ld a
nd in
Chi
na; w
here
ant
ibio
tic-re
sist
ant
bact
eria
are
mor
e co
mm
on. P
atie
nts
ther
e ar
e al
so u
nlik
ely
to
be a
ble
to a
fford
the
spec
ialis
ed s
econ
d an
d th
ird li
ne a
ntib
iotic
s w
e m
ight
take
her
e.
The
econ
omic
s of
new
ant
ibio
tics
Ant
ibio
tic re
sist
ance
is g
ener
ally
rega
rded
as
a gr
ave
thre
at
to h
uman
ity, (
in fa
ct, i
t was
vot
ed b
y th
e pu
blic
as
the
long
itude
priz
e.or
g), h
owev
er, m
ost d
rug
com
pani
es a
re n
ot
be
caus
e th
e ec
onom
ics
of it
don
’t st
ack
up fo
r the
m. I
f so
meb
ody
disc
over
ed a
new
ant
ibio
tic, w
hich
cou
ld b
e us
ed
to tr
eat i
nfec
tions
resi
stan
t to
our e
xist
ing
drug
s, th
en w
e
wou
ld h
ave
to u
se it
ver
y sp
arin
gly
– to
pre
vent
resi
stan
ce
spre
adin
g. S
o th
e dr
ug c
ompa
ny w
ould
n’t m
ake
muc
h m
oney
fro
m it
. It c
osts
hal
f a b
illio
n po
unds
to g
et a
new
dru
g to
in b
acte
ria h
ave
alre
ady
been
exp
loite
d. It
’s h
ard
to k
now
2) G
ive
them
thei
r cha
ract
er c
ards
– o
ne p
er g
roup
, and
gi
ve th
em a
few
min
utes
to re
ad th
em o
ver.
3) G
et o
ne s
tude
nt in
eac
h gr
oup
to re
ad o
ut th
eir
se
ctio
n to
the
rest
of t
he c
lass
. Wha
t are
the
clas
s’s
initi
al
thou
ghts
? Is
ther
e on
e po
sitio
n th
ey id
entif
y w
ith o
r rej
ect?
4) T
ake
it in
turn
s to
read
out
thei
r fac
t. D
oes
it ch
ange
the
way
on
line
surv
ey.
5) R
ead
the
issu
e. A
ny d
iffer
ent f
eelin
gs?
6) E
ach
team
ask
s th
eir q
uest
ion
to th
e ch
arac
ter o
f th
eir c
hoic
e.
Plen
ary:
10
min
utes
Vote
for w
hich
pos
ition
they
agr
ee w
ith m
ost (
if th
ere
is o
ne).
onlin
e su
rvey
.W
hy?
Whi
ch a
rgum
ents
wer
e th
e m
ost p
ersu
asiv
e?
Who
se re
spon
sibl
ity is
it to
redu
ce a
ntib
iotic
use
and
resi
stan
ce?
You
may
als
o w
ant t
o re
cap
wha
t ant
ibio
tics
can
be u
sed
to
treat
, and
wha
t ant
ibio
tic re
sist
ance
is. T
his
can
be a
use
ful
way
of c
heck
ing
wha
t the
y ha
ve le
arne
d.
Bac
kgro
und
note
s A
ntib
iotic
s ar
e dr
ugs
that
affe
ct b
acte
rial c
ells
, but
not
our
was
pen
icilli
n, d
isco
vere
d by
Ale
xand
er F
lem
ing
in 1
928.
Al
thou
gh s
ome
natu
rally
occ
urrin
g an
tibio
tics
had
been
use
d
in tr
aditi
onal
med
icin
e fo
r at l
east
2,0
00 y
ears
. The
anc
ient
G
reek
s an
d Eg
yptia
ns u
sed
extra
cts
of m
ould
s an
d pl
ants
to
treat
infe
ctio
ns.
by p
lant
s or
fung
i. It’
s ob
viou
sly
usef
ul to
pla
nts
or fu
ngi t
o
prod
uce
chem
ical
s th
at s
top
bact
eria
bei
ng a
ble
to a
ttack
them
. M
any
com
mer
cial
ly p
rodu
ced
antib
iotic
s ha
ve u
sed
thes
e
natu
rally
occ
urrin
g su
bsta
nces
and
we
have
pig
gy-b
acke
d on
th
e w
ork
that
evo
lutio
n ha
s do
ne fo
r pla
nts
and
fung
i ove
r
new
ant
ibio
tics.
Ant
ibio
tic re
sist
ance
is w
hen
a ta
rget
bac
teriu
m b
ecom
es
resi
stan
t to
a pa
rticu
lar a
ntib
iotic
. Som
e an
tibio
tics
are
‘eas
y’
very
exa
ctly
to a
par
t of a
pro
tein
in th
e ba
cter
ial c
ell a
nd s
top
it w
orki
ng. I
t may
onl
y ta
ke a
cha
nge
of o
ne b
ase-
pair
of D
NA
to
chan
ge th
at p
art o
f the
pro
tein
so
that
the
drug
can
’t bi
nd a
ny
shap
e of
the
targ
et p
rote
in a
nd th
eref
ore
mor
e th
an o
ne
mut
atio
n to
thro
w th
em o
ff.
(a ‘g
ener
atio
n’ fo
r bac
teria
can
be
as li
ttle
as 2
0 m
inut
es),
and
also
, the
y sw
ap D
NA
with
eac
h ot
her.
Man
y ba
cter
ia c
an s
wap
D
NA
with
tota
lly u
nrel
ated
bac
teria
. And
som
e ba
cter
ia e
ven
just
thei
r gen
omes
. Thi
s m
eans
onc
e on
e ba
cter
ium
evo
lves
resi
st-
For e
xam
ple,
cep
halo
spor
ins
are
a cl
ass
of a
ntib
iotic
s us
ually
us
ed b
y do
ctor
s as
a s
econ
d lin
e of
trea
tmen
t (i.e
. whe
re th
e m
ore
com
mon
ly u
sed
antib
iotic
s ca
n’t b
e us
ed a
s so
meo
ne h
as
a ba
cter
ium
whi
ch is
resi
stan
t to
them
). Ba
cter
ia re
sist
ant t
o
year
s, c
epha
losp
orin
resi
stan
ce w
as b
eing
foun
d ar
ound
th
e w
orld
, in
load
s of
unr
elat
ed b
acte
ria.
6pp
A6
Inst
ruct
ions
She
ets
(Ant
i Res
) (Fi
nal 1
5th
oct).
indd
2
15/1
0/20
14
20:0
3
This
wor
k is
lice
nsed
und
er th
e C
reat
ive
Com
mon
s A
ttrib
utio
n-N
onC
omm
erci
al-S
hare
Alik
e4.
0 In
tern
atio
nal L
icen
se. T
o vi
ew a
cop
y of
this
lice
nse,
visi
t http
://cr
eativ
ecom
mon
s.or
g/lic
ense
s/by
-nc-
sa/4
.0/.
Que
stio
n: S
houl
d th
e N
HS
tell
GPs
to
give
bac
k-up
pre
script
ions
inst
ead
of
imm
edia
te a
ntib
iotic
s w
here
ver po
ssib
le?
Teac
her N
otes
Less
on p
lan
The
diffe
rent
‘rou
nds’
of t
he d
ebat
e he
lp s
tude
nts
thin
k th
roug
h th
e is
sues
and
reco
nsid
er th
eir o
pini
ons.
The
st
ruct
ure
also
sho
ws
them
how
to b
uild
a d
iscu
ssio
n
and
back
up
thei
r opi
nion
s w
ith fa
cts.
Star
ter:
5 m
inut
es.
Has
any
one
in th
e cl
ass
ever
take
n an
tibio
tics?
Wha
t did
th
ey ta
ke th
em fo
r? C
an th
ey s
ay w
hat a
ntib
iotic
s ar
e?
Wha
t illn
esse
s ca
n th
ey b
e us
ed to
trea
t? (Y
ou m
ay w
ant t
o re
cap
the
diffe
renc
e be
twee
n vi
ruse
s an
d ba
cter
ia h
ere)
. A
re th
ere
any
disa
dvan
tage
s of
taki
ng a
ntib
iotic
s?
Do
stud
ents
alre
ady
have
an
opin
ion
on w
heth
er th
e N
HS
sh
ould
tell
GP
s to
giv
e ba
ck-u
p pr
escr
iptio
ns?
Ask
thei
r on
line
surv
ey
(deb
ate.
imas
cien
tist.o
rg.u
k/an
tibio
tic-r
esis
tanc
e-re
sour
ces)
Mai
n A
ctiv
ity: 3
5 m
inut
es.
1) S
plit
stud
ents
into
as
man
y gr
oups
as
char
acte
rs y
ou
wan
t to
cove
r.
Des
igne
d fo
r 11-
18 y
ears
Bac
k-up
pre
scrip
tions
A ba
ck-u
p pr
escr
iptio
n (s
omet
imes
als
o ca
lled
a de
laye
d
pres
crip
tion)
is w
hen
the
GP
advi
ses
the
patie
nt th
at th
ey
will
pro
babl
y ge
t bet
ter w
ithin
a fe
w d
ays
anyw
ay, e
xpla
ins
th
e pr
oble
ms
with
ant
ibio
tic u
se, g
ives
them
som
e ad
vice
on
ta
king
car
e of
them
selv
es in
the
mea
ntim
e, B
UT
give
s th
em
a pr
escr
iptio
n fo
r ant
ibio
tics
whi
ch th
ey c
an u
se if
they
don
’t ge
t bet
ter s
oon,
or t
hey
feel
wor
se, a
nd th
ey th
ink
they
nee
d
it. T
his
save
s th
e pa
tient
hav
ing
to m
ake
a se
cond
vis
it to
th
eir G
P su
rger
y or
out
of h
ours
ser
vice
, put
s bo
th th
e
doct
or’s
and
pat
ient
’s m
inds
at r
est,
and
allo
ws
the
patie
nt to
st
art t
reat
men
t im
med
iate
ly if
they
get
a lo
t wor
se (s
o
prev
entin
g co
mpl
icat
ions
).
Com
mon
mis
conc
eptio
nsA
ntib
iotic
s ca
n be
use
d to
trea
t a c
old
– an
tibio
tics
can’
t hel
p w
ith v
iral i
llnes
ses,
onl
y ba
cter
ial o
nes.
Viru
ses
have
a d
iffer
ent
stru
ctur
e to
bac
teria
l cel
ls a
nd s
o an
tibio
tics
do n
ot a
ffect
them
.
As
they
got
bet
ter l
ast t
ime
with
ant
ibio
tics
they
nee
d th
em th
is ti
me
– ho
wev
er m
ost r
espi
rato
ry tr
act i
nfec
tions
bette
r on
thei
r ow
n w
ithou
t the
nee
d fo
r ant
ibio
tics,
ev
en m
any
of th
e on
es c
ause
d by
bac
teria
.
It’s
the
pers
on w
ho b
ecom
es re
sist
ant –
rese
arch
has
sho
wn
that
man
y of
the
publ
ic h
ave
a ve
ry h
azy
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
w
hat a
ntib
iotic
resi
stan
ce m
eans
. Som
e th
ink
that
the
pe
rson
bec
omes
resi
stan
t to
the
antib
iotic
, so
they
can
’t ta
ke it
an
ymor
e. In
fact
it is
the
bact
eriu
m w
hich
bec
omes
resi
stan
t.
cour
se, s
ome
of th
e ba
cter
ia in
fect
ing
you
and
also
som
e of
th
e ‘fr
iend
ly’ b
acte
ria th
at w
e ca
rry h
arm
less
ly in
our
gut
, will
be
resi
stan
t to
the
antib
iotic
. So
anyo
ne w
ho’s
take
n an
tibio
tics
in
the
last
yea
r will
prob
ably
hav
e a
few
resi
stan
t bac
teria
livi
ng
on th
eir b
odie
s. T
his
isn’
t usu
ally
a p
robl
em fo
r the
m, a
s
mos
t of t
he b
acte
ria th
ey w
ere
infe
cted
with
hav
e be
en
kille
d, a
nd th
eir i
mm
une
syst
em is
abl
e to
dea
l with
the
rest
of
them
. The
se re
sist
ant b
acte
ria c
an h
owev
er b
e a
prob
lem
fo
r pre
gnan
t wom
en, a
nd th
ose
with
repe
ated
infe
ctio
ns o
r ot
her c
hron
ic il
lnes
ses.
Ant
ibio
tics
are
pain
kille
rs –
Ant
ibio
tics
only
kill
bact
eria
and
Taki
ng a
ntib
iotic
s m
eans
you
can
’t dr
ink
alco
hol –
m
ost a
ntib
iotic
s ar
e sa
fe to
com
bine
with
alc
ohol
. Onl
y
met
roni
dazo
le th
at is
use
d fo
r par
ticul
ar g
ut o
r too
th in
fect
ions
ca
uses
a p
robl
em w
ith a
lcoh
ol.
Sup
porte
d by
:
All
fact
s in
this
kit
have
bee
n re
sear
ched
. Ref
eren
ces
can
be
foun
d on
line
at: d
ebat
e.im
asci
entis
t.org
.uk/
antib
iotic
-res
ist-
ance
-res
ourc
es
Spe
cial
than
ks to
Dr M
icha
el M
oore
, fro
m U
nive
rsity
of
Sou
tham
pton
; Ste
ve E
ldrid
ge, f
rom
Vet
erin
ary
Med
icin
es
Dire
ctor
ate;
Dr M
ark
Web
ber,
from
Uni
vers
ity o
f Birm
ingh
am;
Rut
h D
ale,
from
NH
S D
evon
; Dr A
lun
With
ey, f
rom
Uni
vers
ity
of E
xete
r; an
d D
r Vic
ki Y
oung
and
Dr C
liodn
a M
cNul
ty, l
eade
rs
of th
e e-
Bug
team
.
The
kit h
as b
een
prod
uced
by
the
awar
d-w
inni
ng I’
m a
S
cien
tist t
eam
and
fund
ed b
y e-
Bug
, a p
roje
ct o
pera
ted
by
Pub
lic H
ealth
Eng
land
.
Kit N
o 7
6pp
A6
Inst
ruct
ions
She
ets
(Ant
i Res
) (Fi
nal 1
5th
oct).
indd
1
15/1
0/20
14
20:0
3
We
spok
e to
an
expe
rt in
ant
ibio
tic p
resc
ribin
g, h
e sa
id, “
Peop
le
talk
abo
ut th
e po
st-a
ntib
iotic
era
, but
for s
ome
bact
eria
, in
som
e pl
aces
, it’s
alre
ady
here
.” Th
ere
are
patie
nts
toda
y in
UK
ho
spita
ls w
ho h
ave
infe
ctio
ns th
at n
one
of o
ur a
ntib
iotic
s ca
n tre
at. A
ll do
ctor
s ca
n do
is k
eep
them
com
forta
ble
and
hope
that
th
eir i
mm
une
syst
em k
icks
in. T
he s
ituat
ion
is fa
r wor
se in
par
ts
of th
e de
velo
ping
wor
ld a
nd in
Chi
na; w
here
ant
ibio
tic-re
sist
ant
bact
eria
are
mor
e co
mm
on. P
atie
nts
ther
e ar
e al
so u
nlik
ely
to
be a
ble
to a
fford
the
spec
ialis
ed s
econ
d an
d th
ird li
ne a
ntib
iotic
s w
e m
ight
take
her
e.
The
econ
omic
s of
new
ant
ibio
tics
Ant
ibio
tic re
sist
ance
is g
ener
ally
rega
rded
as
a gr
ave
thre
at
to h
uman
ity, (
in fa
ct, i
t was
vot
ed b
y th
e pu
blic
as
the
long
itude
priz
e.or
g), h
owev
er, m
ost d
rug
com
pani
es a
re n
ot
be
caus
e th
e ec
onom
ics
of it
don
’t st
ack
up fo
r the
m. I
f so
meb
ody
disc
over
ed a
new
ant
ibio
tic, w
hich
cou
ld b
e us
ed
to tr
eat i
nfec
tions
resi
stan
t to
our e
xist
ing
drug
s, th
en w
e
wou
ld h
ave
to u
se it
ver
y sp
arin
gly
– to
pre
vent
resi
stan
ce
spre
adin
g. S
o th
e dr
ug c
ompa
ny w
ould
n’t m
ake
muc
h m
oney
fro
m it
. It c
osts
hal
f a b
illio
n po
unds
to g
et a
new
dru
g to
in b
acte
ria h
ave
alre
ady
been
exp
loite
d. It
’s h
ard
to k
now
2) G
ive
them
thei
r cha
ract
er c
ards
– o
ne p
er g
roup
, and
gi
ve th
em a
few
min
utes
to re
ad th
em o
ver.
3) G
et o
ne s
tude
nt in
eac
h gr
oup
to re
ad o
ut th
eir
se
ctio
n to
the
rest
of t
he c
lass
. Wha
t are
the
clas
s’s
initi
al
thou
ghts
? Is
ther
e on
e po
sitio
n th
ey id
entif
y w
ith o
r rej
ect?
4) T
ake
it in
turn
s to
read
out
thei
r fac
t. D
oes
it ch
ange
the
way
on
line
surv
ey.
5) R
ead
the
issu
e. A
ny d
iffer
ent f
eelin
gs?
6) E
ach
team
ask
s th
eir q
uest
ion
to th
e ch
arac
ter o
f th
eir c
hoic
e.
Plen
ary:
10
min
utes
Vote
for w
hich
pos
ition
they
agr
ee w
ith m
ost (
if th
ere
is o
ne).
onlin
e su
rvey
.W
hy?
Whi
ch a
rgum
ents
wer
e th
e m
ost p
ersu
asiv
e?
Who
se re
spon
sibl
ity is
it to
redu
ce a
ntib
iotic
use
and
resi
stan
ce?
You
may
als
o w
ant t
o re
cap
wha
t ant
ibio
tics
can
be u
sed
to
treat
, and
wha
t ant
ibio
tic re
sist
ance
is. T
his
can
be a
use
ful
way
of c
heck
ing
wha
t the
y ha
ve le
arne
d.
Bac
kgro
und
note
s A
ntib
iotic
s ar
e dr
ugs
that
affe
ct b
acte
rial c
ells
, but
not
our
was
pen
icilli
n, d
isco
vere
d by
Ale
xand
er F
lem
ing
in 1
928.
Al
thou
gh s
ome
natu
rally
occ
urrin
g an
tibio
tics
had
been
use
d
in tr
aditi
onal
med
icin
e fo
r at l
east
2,0
00 y
ears
. The
anc
ient
G
reek
s an
d Eg
yptia
ns u
sed
extra
cts
of m
ould
s an
d pl
ants
to
treat
infe
ctio
ns.
by p
lant
s or
fung
i. It’
s ob
viou
sly
usef
ul to
pla
nts
or fu
ngi t
o
prod
uce
chem
ical
s th
at s
top
bact
eria
bei
ng a
ble
to a
ttack
them
. M
any
com
mer
cial
ly p
rodu
ced
antib
iotic
s ha
ve u
sed
thes
e
natu
rally
occ
urrin
g su
bsta
nces
and
we
have
pig
gy-b
acke
d on
th
e w
ork
that
evo
lutio
n ha
s do
ne fo
r pla
nts
and
fung
i ove
r
new
ant
ibio
tics.
Ant
ibio
tic re
sist
ance
is w
hen
a ta
rget
bac
teriu
m b
ecom
es
resi
stan
t to
a pa
rticu
lar a
ntib
iotic
. Som
e an
tibio
tics
are
‘eas
y’
very
exa
ctly
to a
par
t of a
pro
tein
in th
e ba
cter
ial c
ell a
nd s
top
it w
orki
ng. I
t may
onl
y ta
ke a
cha
nge
of o
ne b
ase-
pair
of D
NA
to
chan
ge th
at p
art o
f the
pro
tein
so
that
the
drug
can
’t bi
nd a
ny
shap
e of
the
targ
et p
rote
in a
nd th
eref
ore
mor
e th
an o
ne
mut
atio
n to
thro
w th
em o
ff.
(a ‘g
ener
atio
n’ fo
r bac
teria
can
be
as li
ttle
as 2
0 m
inut
es),
and
also
, the
y sw
ap D
NA
with
eac
h ot
her.
Man
y ba
cter
ia c
an s
wap
D
NA
with
tota
lly u
nrel
ated
bac
teria
. And
som
e ba
cter
ia e
ven
just
thei
r gen
omes
. Thi
s m
eans
onc
e on
e ba
cter
ium
evo
lves
resi
st-
For e
xam
ple,
cep
halo
spor
ins
are
a cl
ass
of a
ntib
iotic
s us
ually
us
ed b
y do
ctor
s as
a s
econ
d lin
e of
trea
tmen
t (i.e
. whe
re th
e m
ore
com
mon
ly u
sed
antib
iotic
s ca
n’t b
e us
ed a
s so
meo
ne h
as
a ba
cter
ium
whi
ch is
resi
stan
t to
them
). Ba
cter
ia re
sist
ant t
o
year
s, c
epha
losp
orin
resi
stan
ce w
as b
eing
foun
d ar
ound
th
e w
orld
, in
load
s of
unr
elat
ed b
acte
ria.
6pp
A6
Inst
ruct
ions
She
ets
(Ant
i Res
) (Fi
nal 1
5th
oct).
indd
2
15/1
0/20
14
20:0
3
We
spok
e to
an
expe
rt in
ant
ibio
tic p
resc
ribin
g, h
e sa
id, “
Peop
le
talk
abo
ut th
e po
st-a
ntib
iotic
era
, but
for s
ome
bact
eria
, in
som
e pl
aces
, it’s
alre
ady
here
.” Th
ere
are
patie
nts
toda
y in
UK
ho
spita
ls w
ho h
ave
infe
ctio
ns th
at n
one
of o
ur a
ntib
iotic
s ca
n tre
at. A
ll do
ctor
s ca
n do
is k
eep
them
com
forta
ble
and
hope
that
th
eir i
mm
une
syst
em k
icks
in. T
he s
ituat
ion
is fa
r wor
se in
par
ts
of th
e de
velo
ping
wor
ld a
nd in
Chi
na; w
here
ant
ibio
tic-re
sist
ant
bact
eria
are
mor
e co
mm
on. P
atie
nts
ther
e ar
e al
so u
nlik
ely
to
be a
ble
to a
fford
the
spec
ialis
ed s
econ
d an
d th
ird li
ne a
ntib
iotic
s w
e m
ight
take
her
e.
The
econ
omic
s of
new
ant
ibio
tics
Ant
ibio
tic re
sist
ance
is g
ener
ally
rega
rded
as
a gr
ave
thre
at
to h
uman
ity, (
in fa
ct, i
t was
vot
ed b
y th
e pu
blic
as
the
long
itude
priz
e.or
g), h
owev
er, m
ost d
rug
com
pani
es a
re n
ot
be
caus
e th
e ec
onom
ics
of it
don
’t st
ack
up fo
r the
m. I
f so
meb
ody
disc
over
ed a
new
ant
ibio
tic, w
hich
cou
ld b
e us
ed
to tr
eat i
nfec
tions
resi
stan
t to
our e
xist
ing
drug
s, th
en w
e
wou
ld h
ave
to u
se it
ver
y sp
arin
gly
– to
pre
vent
resi
stan
ce
spre
adin
g. S
o th
e dr
ug c
ompa
ny w
ould
n’t m
ake
muc
h m
oney
fro
m it
. It c
osts
hal
f a b
illio
n po
unds
to g
et a
new
dru
g to
in b
acte
ria h
ave
alre
ady
been
exp
loite
d. It
’s h
ard
to k
now
2) G
ive
them
thei
r cha
ract
er c
ards
– o
ne p
er g
roup
, and
gi
ve th
em a
few
min
utes
to re
ad th
em o
ver.
3) G
et o
ne s
tude
nt in
eac
h gr
oup
to re
ad o
ut th
eir
se
ctio
n to
the
rest
of t
he c
lass
. Wha
t are
the
clas
s’s
initi
al
thou
ghts
? Is
ther
e on
e po
sitio
n th
ey id
entif
y w
ith o
r rej
ect?
4) T
ake
it in
turn
s to
read
out
thei
r fac
t. D
oes
it ch
ange
the
way
on
line
surv
ey.
5) R
ead
the
issu
e. A
ny d
iffer
ent f
eelin
gs?
6) E
ach
team
ask
s th
eir q
uest
ion
to th
e ch
arac
ter o
f th
eir c
hoic
e.
Plen
ary:
10
min
utes
Vote
for w
hich
pos
ition
they
agr
ee w
ith m
ost (
if th
ere
is o
ne).
onlin
e su
rvey
.W
hy?
Whi
ch a
rgum
ents
wer
e th
e m
ost p
ersu
asiv
e?
Who
se re
spon
sibl
ity is
it to
redu
ce a
ntib
iotic
use
and
resi
stan
ce?
You
may
als
o w
ant t
o re
cap
wha
t ant
ibio
tics
can
be u
sed
to
treat
, and
wha
t ant
ibio
tic re
sist
ance
is. T
his
can
be a
use
ful
way
of c
heck
ing
wha
t the
y ha
ve le
arne
d.
Bac
kgro
und
note
s A
ntib
iotic
s ar
e dr
ugs
that
affe
ct b
acte
rial c
ells
, but
not
our
was
pen
icilli
n, d
isco
vere
d by
Ale
xand
er F
lem
ing
in 1
928.
Al
thou
gh s
ome
natu
rally
occ
urrin
g an
tibio
tics
had
been
use
d
in tr
aditi
onal
med
icin
e fo
r at l
east
2,0
00 y
ears
. The
anc
ient
G
reek
s an
d Eg
yptia
ns u
sed
extra
cts
of m
ould
s an
d pl
ants
to
treat
infe
ctio
ns.
by p
lant
s or
fung
i. It’
s ob
viou
sly
usef
ul to
pla
nts
or fu
ngi t
o
prod
uce
chem
ical
s th
at s
top
bact
eria
bei
ng a
ble
to a
ttack
them
. M
any
com
mer
cial
ly p
rodu
ced
antib
iotic
s ha
ve u
sed
thes
e
natu
rally
occ
urrin
g su
bsta
nces
and
we
have
pig
gy-b
acke
d on
th
e w
ork
that
evo
lutio
n ha
s do
ne fo
r pla
nts
and
fung
i ove
r
new
ant
ibio
tics.
Ant
ibio
tic re
sist
ance
is w
hen
a ta
rget
bac
teriu
m b
ecom
es
resi
stan
t to
a pa
rticu
lar a
ntib
iotic
. Som
e an
tibio
tics
are
‘eas
y’
very
exa
ctly
to a
par
t of a
pro
tein
in th
e ba
cter
ial c
ell a
nd s
top
it w
orki
ng. I
t may
onl
y ta
ke a
cha
nge
of o
ne b
ase-
pair
of D
NA
to
chan
ge th
at p
art o
f the
pro
tein
so
that
the
drug
can
’t bi
nd a
ny
shap
e of
the
targ
et p
rote
in a
nd th
eref
ore
mor
e th
an o
ne
mut
atio
n to
thro
w th
em o
ff.
(a ‘g
ener
atio
n’ fo
r bac
teria
can
be
as li
ttle
as 2
0 m
inut
es),
and
also
, the
y sw
ap D
NA
with
eac
h ot
her.
Man
y ba
cter
ia c
an s
wap
D
NA
with
tota
lly u
nrel
ated
bac
teria
. And
som
e ba
cter
ia e
ven
just
thei
r gen
omes
. Thi
s m
eans
onc
e on
e ba
cter
ium
evo
lves
resi
st-
For e
xam
ple,
cep
halo
spor
ins
are
a cl
ass
of a
ntib
iotic
s us
ually
us
ed b
y do
ctor
s as
a s
econ
d lin
e of
trea
tmen
t (i.e
. whe
re th
e m
ore
com
mon
ly u
sed
antib
iotic
s ca
n’t b
e us
ed a
s so
meo
ne h
as
a ba
cter
ium
whi
ch is
resi
stan
t to
them
). Ba
cter
ia re
sist
ant t
o
year
s, c
epha
losp
orin
resi
stan
ce w
as b
eing
foun
d ar
ound
th
e w
orld
, in
load
s of
unr
elat
ed b
acte
ria.
6pp
A6
Inst
ruct
ions
She
ets
(Ant
i Res
) (Fi
nal 1
5th
oct).
indd
2
15/1
0/20
14
20:0
3
This
wor
k is
lice
nsed
und
er th
e C
reat
ive
Com
mon
s A
ttrib
utio
n-N
onC
omm
erci
al-S
hare
Alik
e4.
0 In
tern
atio
nal L
icen
se. T
o vi
ew a
cop
y of
this
lice
nse,
visi
t http
://cr
eativ
ecom
mon
s.or
g/lic
ense
s/by
-nc-
sa/4
.0/.
Que
stio
n: S
houl
d th
e N
HS
tell
GPs
to
give
bac
k-up
pre
script
ions
inst
ead
of
imm
edia
te a
ntib
iotic
s w
here
ver po
ssib
le?
Teac
her N
otes
Less
on p
lan
The
diffe
rent
‘rou
nds’
of t
he d
ebat
e he
lp s
tude
nts
thin
k th
roug
h th
e is
sues
and
reco
nsid
er th
eir o
pini
ons.
The
st
ruct
ure
also
sho
ws
them
how
to b
uild
a d
iscu
ssio
n
and
back
up
thei
r opi
nion
s w
ith fa
cts.
Star
ter:
5 m
inut
es.
Has
any
one
in th
e cl
ass
ever
take
n an
tibio
tics?
Wha
t did
th
ey ta
ke th
em fo
r? C
an th
ey s
ay w
hat a
ntib
iotic
s ar
e?
Wha
t illn
esse
s ca
n th
ey b
e us
ed to
trea
t? (Y
ou m
ay w
ant t
o re
cap
the
diffe
renc
e be
twee
n vi
ruse
s an
d ba
cter
ia h
ere)
. A
re th
ere
any
disa
dvan
tage
s of
taki
ng a
ntib
iotic
s?
Do
stud
ents
alre
ady
have
an
opin
ion
on w
heth
er th
e N
HS
sh
ould
tell
GP
s to
giv
e ba
ck-u
p pr
escr
iptio
ns?
Ask
thei
r on
line
surv
ey
(deb
ate.
imas
cien
tist.o
rg.u
k/an
tibio
tic-r
esis
tanc
e-re
sour
ces)
Mai
n A
ctiv
ity: 3
5 m
inut
es.
1) S
plit
stud
ents
into
as
man
y gr
oups
as
char
acte
rs y
ou
wan
t to
cove
r.
Des
igne
d fo
r 11-
18 y
ears
Bac
k-up
pre
scrip
tions
A ba
ck-u
p pr
escr
iptio
n (s
omet
imes
als
o ca
lled
a de
laye
d
pres
crip
tion)
is w
hen
the
GP
advi
ses
the
patie
nt th
at th
ey
will
pro
babl
y ge
t bet
ter w
ithin
a fe
w d
ays
anyw
ay, e
xpla
ins
th
e pr
oble
ms
with
ant
ibio
tic u
se, g
ives
them
som
e ad
vice
on
ta
king
car
e of
them
selv
es in
the
mea
ntim
e, B
UT
give
s th
em
a pr
escr
iptio
n fo
r ant
ibio
tics
whi
ch th
ey c
an u
se if
they
don
’t ge
t bet
ter s
oon,
or t
hey
feel
wor
se, a
nd th
ey th
ink
they
nee
d
it. T
his
save
s th
e pa
tient
hav
ing
to m
ake
a se
cond
vis
it to
th
eir G
P su
rger
y or
out
of h
ours
ser
vice
, put
s bo
th th
e
doct
or’s
and
pat
ient
’s m
inds
at r
est,
and
allo
ws
the
patie
nt to
st
art t
reat
men
t im
med
iate
ly if
they
get
a lo
t wor
se (s
o
prev
entin
g co
mpl
icat
ions
).
Com
mon
mis
conc
eptio
nsA
ntib
iotic
s ca
n be
use
d to
trea
t a c
old
– an
tibio
tics
can’
t hel
p w
ith v
iral i
llnes
ses,
onl
y ba
cter
ial o
nes.
Viru
ses
have
a d
iffer
ent
stru
ctur
e to
bac
teria
l cel
ls a
nd s
o an
tibio
tics
do n
ot a
ffect
them
.
As
they
got
bet
ter l
ast t
ime
with
ant
ibio
tics
they
nee
d th
em th
is ti
me
– ho
wev
er m
ost r
espi
rato
ry tr
act i
nfec
tions
bette
r on
thei
r ow
n w
ithou
t the
nee
d fo
r ant
ibio
tics,
ev
en m
any
of th
e on
es c
ause
d by
bac
teria
.
It’s
the
pers
on w
ho b
ecom
es re
sist
ant –
rese
arch
has
sho
wn
that
man
y of
the
publ
ic h
ave
a ve
ry h
azy
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
w
hat a
ntib
iotic
resi
stan
ce m
eans
. Som
e th
ink
that
the
pe
rson
bec
omes
resi
stan
t to
the
antib
iotic
, so
they
can
’t ta
ke it
an
ymor
e. In
fact
it is
the
bact
eriu
m w
hich
bec
omes
resi
stan
t.
cour
se, s
ome
of th
e ba
cter
ia in
fect
ing
you
and
also
som
e of
th
e ‘fr
iend
ly’ b
acte
ria th
at w
e ca
rry h
arm
less
ly in
our
gut
, will
be
resi
stan
t to
the
antib
iotic
. So
anyo
ne w
ho’s
take
n an
tibio
tics
in
the
last
yea
r will
prob
ably
hav
e a
few
resi
stan
t bac
teria
livi
ng
on th
eir b
odie
s. T
his
isn’
t usu
ally
a p
robl
em fo
r the
m, a
s
mos
t of t
he b
acte
ria th
ey w
ere
infe
cted
with
hav
e be
en
kille
d, a
nd th
eir i
mm
une
syst
em is
abl
e to
dea
l with
the
rest
of
them
. The
se re
sist
ant b
acte
ria c
an h
owev
er b
e a
prob
lem
fo
r pre
gnan
t wom
en, a
nd th
ose
with
repe
ated
infe
ctio
ns o
r ot
her c
hron
ic il
lnes
ses.
Ant
ibio
tics
are
pain
kille
rs –
Ant
ibio
tics
only
kill
bact
eria
and
Taki
ng a
ntib
iotic
s m
eans
you
can
’t dr
ink
alco
hol –
m
ost a
ntib
iotic
s ar
e sa
fe to
com
bine
with
alc
ohol
. Onl
y
met
roni
dazo
le th
at is
use
d fo
r par
ticul
ar g
ut o
r too
th in
fect
ions
ca
uses
a p
robl
em w
ith a
lcoh
ol.
Sup
porte
d by
:
All
fact
s in
this
kit
have
bee
n re
sear
ched
. Ref
eren
ces
can
be
foun
d on
line
at: d
ebat
e.im
asci
entis
t.org
.uk/
antib
iotic
-res
ist-
ance
-res
ourc
es
Spe
cial
than
ks to
Dr M
icha
el M
oore
, fro
m U
nive
rsity
of
Sou
tham
pton
; Ste
ve E
ldrid
ge, f
rom
Vet
erin
ary
Med
icin
es
Dire
ctor
ate;
Dr M
ark
Web
ber,
from
Uni
vers
ity o
f Birm
ingh
am;
Rut
h D
ale,
from
NH
S D
evon
; Dr A
lun
With
ey, f
rom
Uni
vers
ity
of E
xete
r; an
d D
r Vic
ki Y
oung
and
Dr C
liodn
a M
cNul
ty, l
eade
rs
of th
e e-
Bug
team
.
The
kit h
as b
een
prod
uced
by
the
awar
d-w
inni
ng I’
m a
S
cien
tist t
eam
and
fund
ed b
y e-
Bug
, a p
roje
ct o
pera
ted
by
Pub
lic H
ealth
Eng
land
.
Kit N
o 7
6pp
A6
Inst
ruct
ions
She
ets
(Ant
i Res
) (Fi
nal 1
5th
oct).
indd
1
15/1
0/20
14
20:0
3
Created by Gallomanor, 7-9 North Parade Buildings, Bath, BA1 1NS. Registered in England & Wales, No. 03980700.. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK licence.
Suggested homeworks:Seasonal foods – make a poster promoting seasonal foods grown in the UK. You may need to explain that seasonal food means fruit or vegetables that are harvested at particular times of year – in a survey, one respondent, asked to name a seasonal food, said Easter eggs.
Local seasonal food – research what food grows locally and design a balanced meal using local ingredients.
Carbon footprint – research and compare the factors that make up the carbon footprints of some foods grown in the UK and abroad.
All facts in this kit have been researched. References can be found online at: debate.imascientist.org.uk/foodsecurity
This debate kit was commissioned and funded by the Global Food Security programme with support from the University of Nottingham, and was independently produced by the I’m a Scientist team at Gallomanor.
The Global Food Security programme brings together the UK’s main public funders of food-related research that are working together to meet the challenge of providing the world’s growing population with a sustainable, secure supply of nutritious food from less land and using fewer inputs. For further information visit
Food Security 6pp Teacher Notes FINAL AW..indd 2
Background notes for teachersThis kit has been commissioned by the UK’s Global Food Security programme. This programme brings together the work of all government departments and agencies that fund research related to food. What is global food security?In essence, global food security means providing everyone in the world with enough to eat. Not just enough calories, but the right nutrients to live a healthy life. The challenge is doing this with a growing population and sustainably, given that in the future there will likely be less land available and climate change will mean we need to use the Earth’s
The present situationAt the moment 925 million people in the world experience hungermacronutrients (carbohydrates, fats and protein).
Perhaps another billion are thought to suffer from ‘hunger’, in which important micronutrients (such as vitamins and minerals) are missing from their diet, with consequent risks of physical and mental impairment.
In contrast, a billion people are substantially spawning a new public health epidemic involving chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
5) Read the issue. Any different feelings?6) Each team asks their question to the character of their
choice.
Support: To help students you can put the following prompt sentences up on the board: “I think our school should/shouldn’t only buy food from the UK because………………….”
“I think ……………… is the most important point to think about.”
Plenary: 10 minutesVote for which position they agree with most (if there is one).Why? Which arguments were the most persuasive?
Note – Pupils can stay in roles all the way through debate, or
give them a chance to express their own opinion at the end and in the plenary.
might help to have them start by discussing the question and/or their character’s position in pairs, and then compare notes in fours. They’ve then had chance to rehearse some of what they want to say before having to do it in front of the whole class.
Food Security 6pp Teacher Notes FINAL AW..indd 3
Angie Smolenska Antibiotic ResearcherI work trying to discover new drugs that we can use to fight bacteria that are making us ill. It is really hard! They need to kill the bacteria cells, but not our cells. All the ‘easy’ drugs have already been found, and I don’t know if we will find any more antibiotics in my lifetime. This proposal doesn’t go far enough. Back-up prescriptions will still mean we use a lot of antibiotics. We need to use a LOT less.
Fact: A recent study shows that 60%-70% of people given a back-up prescription will take the antibiotics.
Issue: Much of modern medicine would be impossible without antibiotics – including deep surgery, or chemotherapy for cancer. Once there are bacteria resistant to all our drugs, we are really in trouble.
Question: Why can’t we tell the public, “You can’t have antibiotics unless you are really ill”?
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IAS Anti Res Debate Cards (Angie) FINAL.pdf 1 15/10/2014 20:05
Barry AshdownBusiness OwnerI run my own business as a window cleaner. If I can’t work, I can’t earn a living. I don’t want to let my regular customers down, they might start going elsewhere. If I’m ill and antibiotics could help me, I want them right away, so I can be back at work as soon as possible. I don’t accept that without antibiotics we’ll return to the dark ages anyway. Better hygiene, and vaccinations, have also made a difference to how long we live these days.
Fact: While only 1 in 4,000 cases of tonsilitis leads to an abscess, taking antibiotics, even if you don’t have a complication, can speed up the recovery process by a day.
Issue: My time is important to me, and I have a family to support.
Question: Why should my business – and my family – suffer,just because of something that might happen.
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IAS Anti Res Debate Cards (Barry) FINAL .pdf 1 14/10/2014 16:11
Rekha Prasad GranddaughterI was really close to my Granny, she was the kindest woman. Last year she had a hip operation. She got an antibiotic resistant infection. You think modern medicine can fix everything, but there was nothing doctors could do for her and she died. I miss her every day.
Fact: People who have taken antibiotics will still have some resistant bacteria living in their gut and on their bodies up to a year later.
Issue: A few resistant bacteria probably won’t harm you if you are otherwise healthy. But they could be a death sentence for someone like my Gran if you pass them on.
Question: Do people realise that you can pass resistant bacteria on to others even when you have no symptoms, just by using the same door handle?
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IAS Anti Res Debate Cards (Rekha) FINAL.pdf 1 14/10/2014 16:11
Sarah Manse Retired GPI loved being a GP and working in the NHS. But it seemed like every year there were more forms to fill in. In the end I took early retirement because I couldn’t take it any more. Of course we should be careful with antibiotics - sometimes patients wanted them for viral infections, and that really made me cross! But GPs know medicine and should be allowed to make their own decisions, not told what to prescribe by managers far away.
Fact: It takes more than ten years of study to become a GP. Five years at medical school, and then at least another six years of on-the-job training.
Issue: Every patient and every situation is different. GPs are trained to consider all these things up and decide what to prescribe.
Question: Do you want your treatment to be decided by policy, or by a trained GP?
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IAS Anti ResDebate Cards (Sarah) FINAL.pdf 1 14/10/2014 16:11
Martin Upton Computer ProgrammerScience is great. Look at all the fab things it’s invented – cars, X-Boxes, cookie-dough ice cream... I think back-up prescriptions are really defeatist. Rationing out our antibiotics like a mean person with his money. We should be optimistic and find new antibiotics. We just need scientists to focus on this issue, and governments to put money into it.
Fact: Most drug companies have abandoned their research into new antibiotics, because it costs so much to develop new drugs and they wouldn’t make enough profit as antibiotics are only used for about 7 days and new developed ones are saved for patients in hospital.
Issue: I think science can do anything if we make it a priority and invest in it.
Question: Why aren’t governments putting loads of money into the search for new antibiotics, instead of making us suffer?
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IAS Anti Res Debate Cards (Martin) FINAL.pdf 1 14/10/2014 16:10
Glen Rosewell Medical HistorianI study 19th Century medicine, a time before antibiotics were discovered. Because of that I know about what a world without antibiotics would be like and it scares me. Before antibiotics, people could get an infection from something as simple as a scratch, which could turn into blood poisoning and kill them. I don’t want my children living in that world, so I think we should try everything we can.
Fact: In the 1890s, 1 in 7 children in Britain would die before their first birthday, mostly of infectious diseases we could easily cure today.
Issue: The more we use antibiotics, the more antibiotic resistant bacteria emerge and spread.
Question: Isn’t it worth putting up with minor illnesses a bit more, if it means antibiotics still work, and we can save people’s lives when they get a serious illness?
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IAS Anti Res Debate Cards (Glen) FINAL.pdf 1 14/10/2014 16:11
Rowena Brown GPI am worried about antibiotic resistance. And I know GPs over-prescribing antibiotics is part of what causes it. But I also feel pressure from patients to give them something to help them. A back-up prescription means I can give the patient something, but also explain why they should wait a bit first, to see if they get better without it. And also give them advice on looking after themselves.
Fact: 80% of patients’ prescriptions for antibiotics are from GPs. The remaining 20% are mainly in hospitals, often for seriously ill patients.
Issue: If I can say it’s NHS policy, that makes it easier for me. I don’t feel like the bad guy!
Question: Should it be down to individual GPs to reduce antibiotic use, or should the NHS overall have a clearer policy? Whose responsibility is it to make sure our drugs keep working?
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IAS Anti Res Debate Cards (Rowena) FINAL.pdf 1 14/10/2014 16:10
Jeremy Smart FarmerSome people blame farmers for antibiotic resistance, but it’s not our fault. Some farmers used to put antibiotics in feed, to make the animals grow bigger, but that was banned in the EU in 2006. Now we can only give antibiotics to ill animals with a prescription from a vet. It’s humans over-using antibiotics that causes the problems.
Fact: In Europe, when the Netherlands had the highest rate of antibiotic use in animals, they still had very low rates of antibiotic resistant bacteria in humans. Probably because people in the Netherlands have almost the lowest use of antibiotics in humans across Europe.
Issue: People need to take responsibility for the problems they’ve created, not blame it on farm animals.
Question: Do you think about the threat of antibiotic resistance, when you demand antibiotics for a sore throat?
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IAS Anti Res Debate Cards (Jeremy) FINAL.pdf 1 14/10/2014 16:10