e-learning: an overview barbara allan business school
TRANSCRIPT
E-learning: an overview
Barbara AllanBusiness School
Underlying approach to learning and teaching•Behaviourist
•‘Tutor knows best’•Pre-designed programme•Transmission of information and ideas
•Constructivist•‘Learners and tutors’ work together as colleagues•Programmes involve learning groups or communities•Knowledge is constructed
Average retention rates
Listening only 5%
Reading 10%Audio-visual 20%
Demonstration 30%
Discussion group 50%
Practice by doing 75%
Teach others or immediate use 90%
Different approaches to e-learning
100% e-learningF2F provision supported by E-learning Blended learning
Different approaches to e-learning
Interactive learning packagesGeneric pre-prepared packageDevelop new package
Supported online learningLearning groups and communities
Coaching and mentoring
Interactive learning packages
Interactive learning packages
Interactive learning packages
Learn at own pace and timeExciting, modern, look professionalUse clear languageContent presented in small chunks
Provide a variety of routesUse images, diagrams, soundInclude activitiesProvide feedbackAccessible
DISADVANTAGES – learner
Time to learnIsolationIndividual learning preferencesReluctance to use technologyDependence on availability of ICTSome packages require state-of-the-art computers
DISADVANTAGES – development
Pre-prepared packages may not be 100% appropriate for learnerTime and cost to develop materialsSkills required for development Over-use of technical effects
Use of online communication tools
E-mailBulletin board/discussion groupsConference or chat roomsDocument handling systemsTele-conferencingVideo-conferencing
Use of online communication tools
Supported online learning
Work on group projects Produce reports, websites …..Share knowledge and expertiseWork with facilitator Self-managed groups
Issues for learners
Access to ICT (and ICT support)MotivationLevels of confidence Fitting it into their work/home lifeManaging their timeManaging information overload
Issues for learners
Initial sense of isolation Time to find a ‘virtual voice’ Recognising the voice of othersWriting to individuals/whole groupSpelling/grammarUse of humour
Issues for tutors
Developing a facilitation style Sage on the stage vs Guide from the side
Group activitiesPlanning and setting activitiesManaging group activities
Time management
Programme design
InductionSocialisationLearning to learn as an e-learnerTime managementTime to reflect on processValue of virtual social space (?)
Five Stage Model of E-learning (developed by Gilly Salmon, Open University)
Support issues
Technical help Online Phone E-mail F2F
Tutor supportColleagues
MentorDocumentation
A few references
Allan, B. (2002) E-learning and teaching in library and information services. Facet Publishing.
Lewis, D. & Allan, B. (2004) Facilitating virtual learning communities. Open University Press.
Salmon, G. (2000) E-moderating. Kogan Page
