Lake, Louis

From:Sent:To:Subject:Attachments:

Lake, LouisThursday, December 10, 2009 8:50 AMThomas, GeorgeEmailing: NRC Request 17.pdfNRC Request 17.pdf -- f, >'•

Attached is a response to Question #17 for your review. I know you had a follow-up question put I was notsure if you had this info.

Lou

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NRC Request 17.pdf

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NRC Request #17: For petrographic analysis, who are the labs and what are their credentials?

Two labs have performed petrographic analyses in accordance with ASTM C 856: MACTEC Engineering

& Consulting and CTL Group. MACTEC performed petrographic analysis under their Appendix B

program, while CTL performed an informational "comparison" analysis as an additional, independent

data point. The resume and qualification package of the Mactec individual who performed the analysis

for CR3 is attached, as well as petrography literature from the CTL website.

A third laboratory, PhotoMetrics, is also performing material analysis, although not per the ASTM

standard. The material examinations being performed by Dr.Mostafa at the PhotoMetrics laboratoryinvolve methods intended to examine similar conditions and attributes evaluated under petrographic

examinations, but using tools and techniques more frequently used in material science, e.g., scanningelectron microscope (SEM) and micro-hardness examinations that are more thorough. Information

from the PhotoMetrics website is attached.

Response by Craig Miller 11/16/09

MACTEC Information

£- MACTECengineering and constructing .a better tomorrow

October 21; 2009

Mr. Paul.FaganProgress EnergyCrystal River PlantViaemail to Paul e .an(i&pnmai [corn

Subject MACTEC Quality Assurance ProgramPetrographic Examination of Concrete Cores

MACTEC Enigineeing' ýand Consuting, Inc. .(MA.CrEC, has a qulty ,assrance, program;mneetlhg, bie~r'equrmet of IOCFO, Apenix 'B in:pac under6, our ý mt rnia mseragreement with Progress Energy 2720. ProgesEegyhbscondu aits oflMACTEC'sRaleigh, North Carolina office and approved MACTEC: as a nuclear safety-related :quality

supplier.

Under our QA program, MACTEC controls all work for Progress Energy materials testingthrough the Raleigh office. Mr. Scott Auger is the designated, Project Manager, and Mr. J. AllanTice and Dr,,Uftk Dilek amthe project Principals (as approprie to the: work to be performed).Mr.,Andrew Kottenstettetto is the designated Qual, ity Asurnce Representative. Work requested by,

Pg En"era i reviewedand properly quaiifie ipersnnel are assigned to perform the work.

As: fortheý pfrographic examination of concrete corcs req4ustO: for Crystal. River, MACTEC:pers6nnel with the special skills reqired :are not'always ph yic I lcated in t Raleighoffice.In these; cases, those personnel arelassigned to perform the tasks usiig a Work Instriuction thatincludes specific technical and quality standard sto be foliowed. Such personnel are required toýbe first qualified in, acbordance with the MACTEC, Qality Assurance Project Document (QAPD)and to have QA training appropriate to the task and the QAPD.

David Wilson, who is the pOrson qualified, to!perform petrographic examinations, has done suchwork onother nuclear safety-relate& .ojects'working under MACTEC Raleigh's QAPD.for thoseprojects. We:are attiachng a current MAC'EC,qualificatioi package foroMr.. Wilson.

MACTECrEngineering andConsulting, Ine NC UcensewF-06533301 Atlantic Avenue • Raleigh, NC 27604 s Phone: 919876.0416 * Fax: 9194831.8136

Wwwwailiachic.com

Progress nergy - MACTEC QA Progrim, Petrographic Examination October 21, 2009

MACTEC appreciates the opportunity to continue assisting Progress Energy on all projects and

specifically on nuclear safety-related work. Please contact us if you have any questions about our

QA program or the petrographic examination work.

Sincerely,

MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc.

I, A 'l Tice, PR. (NC)

Senior Pnieipal Engineer.Assistant Vice Preýsident

AndrqwvJ, KottenstetteProject Quity Assuranr Rtprentative

k. ScottrAuger, P.E. (NC)Project Manager

14 a v 0

Attachment,

I.

Certificate of Personnel Qualification

ForN uclear SafeT-Related Projects

MACT• C Project Nnmber.,To be assignedi MACTEC.Project Name:iPetrgraphik Et nination: of

Concrete Cores - Crystal: River Plant

MACTEC Engitneering and Consulting, Inc. (MACTEC)

Employee;' David C. Wilson Employer: MACTEC

Activities Certified to Perform:Petrographic examination of concrete cores (ASTM C 856)

Basis of Qualificdtion (See Attachments):

•Qualifýaion ChecliitJ(Registration~s)/Certifications(sX, and/or R•Ksumcý

]Records of experience, education and formal training

[-Written, EjoraL [.3practical examination,

[--Proficiency demonstamtion.

Employe 'is qualifie& at [Lev 1; [1Le.el H: E]Level III for the above listed technical tasks.

Plhysical Examination required to provide sevices speified: M m- jNo..-Specify reqtueirements:.

CertifiCae of Qualification: !Rjnitwa or,0 [IRc-corifG~Icto

Period 't0vered by this certification: From: fi,5, To:MACE> crtfis ha te mplye ienifedabveisquuifedtopefom heduIe0/ d civtesa1saedaov o

M4ACTEC certifie~s that theemploype¢identified Above is qualified to perform the duties and activties as Stated above forthe project basedon the qualifications listed.

Namez: J. Allan Tice Signatum e((/>L

Title: ýProject, Principal Date OrCertificatiion:,. 0 ~

QA Form 20v- Personnel Qualification

MACTEC Engineering and' Consulting, Inc.

Quali/jcation Checklist

MACTEC Project Number.To be assigned MACTEC Project Narne:_Petrographl¢ Examination ofSCOnJcrteCoircs- CryslR|Iei. Plant

Ndme: DaiidC. Wilson Eimployter MACTEC,

Job Title: Sýnior, Principal Engineer Date:121.09

E xperienceinTechnical Specialty (Years) 17 Techical Spcial y: , CnsItructi6nMaterialskTesting

Total Job Experience: 19

Education:. Qiligh School Gr•duate; or equivalent. (Explain).

Other education or training as applicable:

Physical Ekamination results, if required ([JYes. ENo)

Registratiohs ccmifications other qualifications: (List provide copies;of 6ertificatesi etc.):Professionial EF.ngineer -: Civil Engin~eering. CA

lhereby'certify that to the~best of my; knowledge thepreeding information aspresented-is correct.

Employee SignatuK ~ Date: / Z

MACTEC Representative Signature: Date:

Title: Project Principal

QA Form 20-2, Personnel Qualification Checklist

f AMACTECDavid Wilson PESenior PrindIpal Engineer

Career Summary

As aSenir Pricipal.Engineer in to mniaterials testing, Mr. Wilson isresponibIe for insuing the technical, quality of, te~stsad inspections; performing,,enginieering Inwestigations of construction failures; providinig desig ndrvl*oconicrete' ad ashalt' nd supervision of testi n s -ng as. nd InspecikZ fcncemasonry sted structures, and asphalt and concrete pav n HeIs familarwith AS', UBC, AASHTO, CALT. NSandU.S.Armry Corps..bofEgineers testing.procedures. He has experience supervising and performing testing of concreftasphalt, soil, relnfordngisteel; and other construction materials, as:well as pulltesting, load testing, and torque testing of fasteners, and load- testing ofstrctures. Mr; Wilson has conducted: anrdsupervised numerous soil compactionprojectsaindhasdesigned boi. adgidand:flexlble pavements. In addition, he hassupervised:both field and Iaboratoiy operatns•.

Representative ProjectsSGeerat Replace t r for Vario Nclear, Gnerating

Sts.Bechte Corporation:

Mr. Wl§ 6npeformed Several petrographic evaluations o coarse and fineconcrete aggregates fo steam generator replacementtprojects. Thiswork wasperf6ormd:under the direction of MACTECs quality assurance program for NuclearSafety Related work. The Iprojets Included

Palo Verde Nuc Gr enerating SiteBeaver ValleyN r-ul Generating Ste

Fot ahoun Nuclear GeeaigStComande Peak Nuclear Gonerating.Facility

LEE Nuclear Station, outh Carolna

Mr. Willsdn erformred 'rapi~d chloidke [on testing of conrete :for the-foundation ofthe LEEucerSainTh wrws performhedndr th1drection of,MACECs quality assurance Program for Nuclear Safety Related work

Lbo Angelesto. Pasadena Metro.Gold Une light rall, Concrete andCo:tnetToppi nvestgaton, Los- Angeles, Pasadena,:and South,Pasadena, California.

Nearing the substantial completlon phase of this, $726 million.do!ilar design buildconsU project, crackng of 'ghtof the statlons; platform concrete

:,delamn'tliof ,:a concrete topbpi mortar•was observed ptetLos AnigPasdea Mtr Cnstruction*4 Auhrt6nd evntualyy wsrprted'in thePasadena Star ,News Paper and raised concerns with -thei C ,iitiensAdvIsoryCormmitee and`the MTJA ,board members and the City, Council. Mr. Wi~'aengaged as aý conrete ,,expert to evaluate the cause of the obiservedodstessand-provide~recommendations for redtonMrWionpfrmdfield:obseýiato, selece areas for 's'a'mpOi~ng,,and perftrmed petroraphic

$MACTECDavid.C. Wilson Page 2

observations on 26 samples and evaluated the cause of. theicracking anddelamination and provided recommendations forremedlatlon.

Special Investigatiuon and PetrographicObservatlonsL"o Angeles Zoo New Sealion ExhibitThe projectconsissof a new sea.lion exhibit witha•ssocated,'water"storage.endtreatnent facilities. During.the placement of:the walls for the dN'ryoA tbaSCWcrecoveryaw,; b; reservolr, and de-aeratlon ltower, the concrete attainedIhintial

set in approxlmately 30 hours. After the forms werereioved mulUple.surfacevoids andsome exposedreinfordngsteelwasobserved. Mr. Wison performedan invesiatIon ofthe existing conditions and provtdid-lreommendations:forrepair. Ourscope of WO&rwastodooment the vayng conditions observed andperform sampling and non-destructive testing t0 evaluate the cause and extent ofthe-observed distress. Outr Investigation Incudded 'mpact echo testing, lowfre uncy uArasonictestihg ;and petog:raphic'analysis of concdrte cOres.Additioallydun rpirs we perfored o n dhesionof the ie ir

mati to g concrete,, andaddlim cecho and l•w frequencyýulraonc esin t ealae tentegrity ofte repais

Special Inestigatio ofI Cnete Strutr

Theproject consists of oneof"San Diego:s mbin sewage pump stations thatwaso In:thel1950's. This punp statl. is ctial to the waste water

treatment6 system of San Diego.. The strWure was exhibiting concrete dliess Intheform rof concrete cr-aclng and spalllng and corrosion of the reinforcing steel.Mr. Wilson performed an Investigation •f ,the con crete distress utilizing :visual

obsrvaion, pnetatig,,r~adar, lwif- frquny ultasonic testing an mpcehtesting. Additionally samhples were extracted for petroraphic analysis andchemicaltesting. Based on the results of our testing we provided repairspecifications, repair drawngs,. and bid documents.

St 3ude Medical, CardliacPate Maker Manufacturing Clean Room,Sylmar Callfornia. Mr. Wilson performed an Investigation of a concreteslab fora medical device manufacturlng clean room. The existing, floor covering wasexperlencing blIsterIng. The' Inetgation ncuecoesmlgp trorphlcanalyýs, by Mr. WIlson1 and chemical testing.

County of San Diego Emergency'Services and Sheriff's ASTREAHelicopter Facility, Gillespie fleld, El Cajon_ CalifornIa. Mr. Wilsonsupervised the Inspection and testing Oerormed. by MACTEC induding specialinspectiono Structural steel erection, fiedwlng, anhigh :strengthbolngandbuilding, electrical, plumbing, andmechanical Inspectons duringttnr ucion

of teemerge6n*cyservi, faciIty, helicopter maInteance garage and helicopterhage.Adionl, ACTEperformed o-slt geotechnlcl tetig laboatr

t.em!fi m~+ rid ~ 1s +f:m: t•:+++ 18,H.• +,testin.g;,A andonsit inspecio o the best manae ntpcies(M)fote

tom ate olto prevention program (SWPPP). MACE efre uservkics.directly for he County of San .Diego... The concretesla-o- rad abeen placed Opr.btoMACECs .services bngrequested.lonýthe proj•c.During,the applikation'of the epoxy floor finish Ifo thethelcper maintenance garage Mr.

SMACTECDavid C. Wilson Page 3

Wilson was.-asked toevaluatethe cnrt ufc which the floor coatin gcontra had reorted was, soft a- d e" d additlondl su.face preparation at an,additinalzcosto the county. Mr, Wilýsonperformedan•evaluaLtn of the c•ncrete..slab Including sampling and petrographicznaitysis and recommended that thecostly additional surface preparation not be performed saving the county the costand time of the pmposd additional preparation.

Spedalt.Inspection and Testing, General Instruments Fadlity. Mr. Wilsonhas supervised the special inspection, non-destructive testing technicians, andfield technicians for this project including structural steel shop fabrication anderecton, concree, and frpongwork His duties Incuded review of concreteUmix designs, review of nspectors dailyfiiid reports, and review of all laboratoryand field testing reports for conforma'nce of the proj-ec't specifications arnd the-Uniform Building Code. The $47 million project Included one four-story SMRFbuilding and onerthree-story., SMVIRF, bUilding totlig 320,000 square feet.

Special rinspeIctio~n ,%and1-, Tsing, 'Inmaite Receto Center (San DiegorCentral.ail). Mr.Willsonsuervised, the special, inspection non-destructivet technlcans, and field .tehniclans, for this: projectincluding concrete,masonry, structural -steel. erection, and fireproofing work. His- duties Includedreviewof concrete mix designs, review. of Inspector's daily field reports,, andreview of all laboratory and field testing reports for conformance r t the projectspecifications and the Uniform Bui4ldng Code. The reinforced. concrete buldifigconsistei of 18 levels In .12 stories (plus, 6 mezznlnes), theýtotal height of the,building is 231- feet, .and& theý totaltsquaefootage of, te building was 413 168ýsquare feet The .jaill has ,bed space fo6r ý9'4'01 prisoers. the poetalso induded'a stru ral steel roof over••th mechanica penthouse-and a structural, steel brdge.Over Front Street connectingthe jail tothe courtho.ses

killer Whale Exhibit, Sea World, Sa igCalifornia. Mr. Wilsonsupervised the special Inspection, non-destructive 'testing technicians for thisproject Including conv~entionally ,reinforced ,conriemte and post-tensiorned concrete.,His duties Induded a reviewof concrete mix designs, review of inspector's dailyfield reports, and review; of all laboatory and field testing reports forconformance, to the project specifications and the Uniform Building Code. The-project consisted of 1.7-million gallon pool edition to Sea World's Shamu StIumIncluding lifer:support systems. The pool walls were two feet thick and tlepodolbottom. :was/two and one-half'feet thlck. Thepoolserves asa holding andviewing area forwhales during nonl-erformance times.,

Gelsel Ubraryi UnIversity otCalifrnia at Saný Diego, La Jolla, CalifonIla.

Mr. Wilson supervised' an efreninvestigation of the Gelsel Library(Central ibiy a h Unesto~lfr ia~a n Diego. Distress hadrbeenobservedtait variouis locations oýf. thi's,"u'niqu'e pýost-tensionied. rein forced concrete:

strctue. epurps .ofj theivesigation was to eValute the ~condition of~the-existing- structure, evaluate the attachment of concrete sectionsathacoveredthepost-tenioned dead and liveends :and groutinjection portsi and evaluathecause, and extentof distress. -The field investiigatonL was performed non-destructvely utilizing ground penetriatingradar, impact echo testing, lowfrequency ultrasonic testing, .half-cell potential testing, and resistivitymeasurements. Some destructive testing was also performed toveriiy. the noný-dest test result!:. The penetrating radar was performedwith a 1.5 GHz

$ MACTECDavid C., Wilson Page 4

antenna with a predetermined grld pattemrnand computer software was utilized torefine the. dati and prodUce three dimensional Images tofaid In ourevaluation•.Based on, the results ,of-the penetratn -radar testing fthtwas confirmed with;imirrteddestructiv'e testing, several'isection odfconcrete.'Were remfovýed'andreplacedWung lmproved• relnfordrng detalls

LA P:Power:Chimney, Rancho Los Amlgos, Los Angeles, Callfirnla.

:Mr, Wison supervised and'performned an Investigation of a rein• concretechimneyV, f an old power plant that was constructed In 1925. Sipecfications anddrawingsfor the original construction were notavailable. The purpose of theinvestigAionwas to evaluiatethe construction and reinforcing detal1s of thechimney.,and the foundation. Because the st'rctu- is a regtiýtheistorca ar• onlyvery .minimal destructive testingcould be performed. "The

majority/of the Inestigation was performed usirg non-destructive testingmethods Cndudiv; penetrating radar, electromagneslc methods, and impact echotesting. Groundpenetrarti radar utilizing a 1.5 Glz and a 900 MHz antenna was'used toevauate the leinforcing steel layoutt Information about the foundationd Himtenrsi wias obtainedutilizing impact echo testing and ground penetratingradaerwth a 400 M.zand.230 MHz antenna. Information obtained utilizingthenon-destruivemehods w'ere verified wIth limited destructive testing and'excavatdios.

San, Diego Convention Center Expansion, San Dilego, California. Mr.Wilson. supevilsed, theý ,special, Inspectos and ~soil: techniciansý and Was theresponsible mianag1 ing enginee for,~ the6 requ`iredspecial Intspection. and mOaterialsýtesting. His duties, Inidude fiefldd -and laboratory,'supervision, sbiitlreirevievi of fi14Isection non-destrutctive testing, And. laboratory test repomt.

MACEE hashad p t6inpcosand technicin~s performing wr ntiproject ona a ly ais. Wnadton to the field services, MACIEC 'perfiormedoquality .a-ssurance te.stin g adInecinof the strudtural steel fabrication'; InKoireaz..Thliýe expa-ns~Ion': proec wladd approximately 768,081 square feet tote.covb to cetr TepoctIdes 7 mill~on pounds of reinfording steel', and,

36~ ~ ~~~h" mplio pounds of src ura seel 6peesdcnrt rvnpis7,200 If "Of welded steelppe box;L uivert wit '215 cbicyrs fcnceeanid Harbot Dtlve, Lowerinig -to 1 foot,9 Inches above 'mean, seat ievel(owsstreet In, San Diego).

upon reco "pti of i~

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STATE BOARD OF REGIS TIONFOR PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS

AND LAND SURVEYORS

This Is To Certify Tat Pursnt.To The Provisions of Chupter 7, DivIWo 3 of The Dusines ad Professions Code

MSDUY REGISTERD 4AS

PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERIN

CIVIL ENGINEERINGIn The State of Cforia, j* •4jnqld To AU The Righ and

m

WITNESS OUR HAND AND SEAL

Cert•lcate No C 54734

This 14th day of July, 1995, at Sacramento, Caifornia,

STATE BOARD OF REGISTRATIONFOR PROFISSIONAL ENGWIIXRS

(74~'~'~~~1

Elacutive Offim II ýiýent

("146 08 .INN You 0101%ji WIIZO"941,9t,ý,ýýgýltvifa Alýt-Mliýlmltý,ý.WMI M00,2% MY 11am

California Board for.*GOV ProfessiondlEngin~eerS and Land- Sirveye'rs.

BOARD FOR PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS ANDLAND SURVEYORS.Licensee Nonm:e WILSOND AVID CURTS

LkMene Type: CMVIL ENGINEER

Ucense Nurber: 54734

ExpW*to Dale: , cm.ber 31, 209

Addre*,: oo10 ,alLTER ORcty: SANTEEstate: CAZip: 92071

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This Information Is updated Mondaythrough Friday -Last updated: OCT-20-2009

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http:f/www2cddca.gov/Pls/wilpub/WLLQRYNA$LCE2.QeryQViewPi.) 10/21/2009

CTL Information

CTLGroup - Petrography & Microsc Page 1 of 2

Petrography & Microscopy

CTLGroup has assembled a staff of internationally recognizedpetrographers and microscopists to help us develop practical solutions toour clients' problems. One of the fastest, least expensive ways toevaluate concrete is the petrographic examination. It is applicable toaggregates, concrete, mortar, grout, plaster, stucco, terrazzo, and similarportland cement mixtures.

Petrographic methods combine unaided visual inspection and examinationusing stereo, petrographic, and metallographic microscopes. Followingguidelines given In ASTM C856, "Standard Practice for PetrographicExamination of Hardened Concrete," CTLGroup's petrographers gatherInformation that Includes the condition of material; the causes of Inferiorquality, distress, or deterioration; probable future performance; and itscompliance with project specifications.

Their work leads to a detailed description of concrete, including information such as:

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Degree of cement hydrationEstimation of water-cement ratioExtent of paste carbonationPresence and amount of fly ashExtent of corrosion of reinforcing steelEvidence of alkali-aggregate reaction, sulfate attack, or other chemical attackPresence of potentially reactive aggregatesEvidence of Improper finishingEstimation of air contentEvidence of early freezingCauses of cracking

Petrographic examination is often supplemented with chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, and scanningelectron microscopy. Physical tests develop data on compressive strength, volume change, air content of hardenedconcrete, freeze-thaw durability, and rapid chloride permeability.

RESOURCES:5 Air Void System Analysis

Petrographic Examination

Clinker MicroscopyMaterials Characterization

14 Petrography: Concrete Under the Microscope

.,• W - 0..... .4_ ' I /11A11 I

PhotoMetrics Information

PhotoMetrics - an analytical laboratory performing SEM, Auger, FTIR, AFM, EDS and ... Page 1 of 2

PhotoMetrics Inc.

The Material Characterization Laboratory

Since 1970, PhotoMetrics has been solving production and failure analysis problems through chemicalanalysis and materials characterization. We are a commercial analytical laboratory located in SouthernCalifornia offering state-of-the-art equipment, facilities and ln.s~tl'men.ntign, including S•.aningAugerMicroanalysis (SAM), Scanning Electon Microscopy (SEM), Field-Emission SEM for high resolutionwork, Fourier.T rran sform Infrared..Spectroscopy. (FTIR), A.tomili.c.Force Microscopy (AFM) and DSC andTG thermal.a..n..a y's5is.

.Analytic~al!. (a pabi[i ti.es

" Microelectronics Failure Analysis - Complete service for construction and failure analysis of.semiconductor devices. Obtain accurate line widths, diffusion depths and film thicknesses usingprecision cross-sectioning and'Scanning Electron Microscope imaging.

* Micro-contaminant Analysis - Identification of organic and inorganic micro-particles, liquid andsolid films.

* Surface analyvsis tect!miques - for thin film characterization. Analyze the top few molecular layersof your sample with depth profiles to 2000 nm. Identify stains, surface oxidation, metal diffusion,catalyst degradation and measure film thicknesses.

* Metallurgical Analysis - Determination of the mode and cause of failure of fractured metals.* Organic and Inorganic Chemical Analysis - Qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis of

compounds as solids, liquids and gases. Polymers are identified from a few nanograms ofmaterial, elemental analyses require much less.

" Thermal Analvsis" ISO 9001:2000 Quality System.

PhotoMetrics, Inc.

. I .. 11/ 1 1 .I' . _ -- I I /I 411MAG

SEM 'I~~SCANI~3uNG~ ELECTRON MICROSCOP

Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM) provides topographicaland elemental information atmagnifications of lOX to 100,000 Xwith virtually unlimiteddepth of field.

Principle of Operation

A finely focused electron beamscanned across the surface of thesample generates secondary electrons,backscattered electrons, and character-istic X-rays. These signals are collectedby detectors to form images of thesample displayed on a cathode ray tube(CRT) screen. Features seen in the SEMimage may then be immediatelyanalyzed for elemental compositionusing EDS or WDS.

Secondary Electron Imaging shows thetopography of surface features a few nmacross. Films and stains as thin as 20nm produce adequate-contrast images.Materials are viewed at useful magnifi-cations up to 100,000 X without theneed for extensive sample preparationand without damaging the sample.Even higher magnifications and resolu-tion are routinely obtained by our FieldEmission SEM.

Backscallered Electron Imaging showsthe spatial distribution of elements orcompounds within the top micron ofthe sample. Features as small as 10 nmare resolved and composition variationsof as little as 0.2 % determined.Data Output is generated in real timeon a CRT monitor. Hard copies arephotographed from a high resolution(2000 line pairs) display onto Polaroidfilm, with negatives available for laterproduction of multiple copies.

Applications include:

Materials Evaluation:

Grain size

Surface roughness

Porosity

Particle size

Material homogeneity

Intermetallic distribution and diffusion

Failure Analysis:

Contamination location

Mechanical damage

Electrostatic discharge

Micro-crack location

Quality Control Screening:

"Good" to "bad" sample comparison

Material thickness determination

Dimension verification

Mil Std. screening

Call us for a free consultationconcerning yourparticular application. PhOt O e t r ic s, I n c.

THE MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION LAB lab 0 photometrics, netwww. pholometrics. net

15801 GRAHAM STREET HUNTINGTON BEACH, CALIFORNIA 92649 714 895 4465 FAX 714 893 4682