e waste 33
TRANSCRIPT
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ELECTRONICWASTE
Parminder Kaur
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Content What is Electronic Waste? Electronic Equipments in E-Waste How these become E-Waste? Generators of E-Waste Why E-Waste a problem? Constituents of E-Waste E-Waste Disposal E-Waste in INDIA E-Waste in CHINA WEEE Directive What should be done?
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It is the term used to describe old, end-of-life or discarded appliances using electricity and battery.
What is Electronic Waste?
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Electronic Equipments
Computers
Treadmills
Laptops Telephone
Air Conditioner
PrintersDrill Machines
Irons
MobilePhones
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How these become E-Waste?
Changes and Advancement in technology
Changes in fashion, style, and status Changing configuration Attractive offers from manufacturers Small life of equipments
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Generators of E-Waste
Small business and House hold.Large businesses,Institutions and Government offices.Equipment manufacturers.
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Some examples
Cell phone upgrades Digital TV Conversion Software upgrades Can't change the battery in your iPod Disposable printers
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Why E-Waste A Problem?
Composed of Hazardous Materials Products are quickly obsolete and discarded Electronic products are difficult to recycle Discarded electronics are managed badly Most e-waste goes to Landfills Most recyclers don’t recycle , they export Prison recycling : High Tech Chain Gang
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Constituents Of E-Waste
Hazardous materials Valuable materials
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Source of e-wastes
Constituent (Hazardous)
Health effects
printed circuit boards, computer monitors
Lead (PB) •Damage to nervous system and kidney•Affects brain development of children.
Chip resistors and semiconductors
Cadmium (CD) •Accumulates in kidney and liver. •Causes neural damage.
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Relays and switches, printed circuit boards
Mercury (Hg) Chronic damage to the brain. Respiratory and skin disorders
Motherboard Beryllium (Be) lung cancer
Front panel of CRTs.
Barium (Ba) Muscle weakness; Damage to heart, liver and spleen
BACK
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Source of e-wastes
Constituent (Valuable)
Uses
Cable, Housing Plastics Insulation
Funnel glass in CRTs, PWB
Lead, gold Metal joining, Connectivity
Housing, PWB, CRT
Mercury, Zinc Batteries, switches
Housing, CRT, PWB, connectors
Aluminum, SilverCopper, iron
Conductivity, magnetivity
Valuable Materials
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Waste Hierarchy refers to the "3 R’s" reduce, reuse and recycle
Its aim is to extract maximum benefits from products and to generate the minimum amount of waste.
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Methods Recycle Landfill Incineration Reuse
E-Waste Disposal
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E-Waste Recycling Definition:-
Recycling is defined as the assembling, developing, promoting, or buying of new products, which are prepared from waste materials.
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Steps in Recycling
Dismantling of E-Waste
Removal of hazardous materials such as PCB, HG, removal of plastic etc.
Strong acids are used to remove valuable metals such as gold, lead, copper etc.
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Methods for recycling
Consumer recycling Donation Take back Exchange
Corporate recycling
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Advantages
Recycled materials can be used in developing new equipments
Valuable Materials are retrieved
Helps environment by avoiding pollution
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Land filling
Definition:-Land fill is also known as dump, is a site for the disposal of waste materials by burial and is the oldest form of waste treatment.
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Disadvantages
Metals like mercury, cadmium, lead leaches into the soil and ground water making them polluted
Requires large amount of space
It is not a environmentally sound treatment
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Incineration
It is a controlled and complete combustion process, in which the waste material is burned in specially designed incinerators at a high temperature (900-1000oC).
Definition:-
Incinerator
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Advantages Disadvantages
Reduction of waste volume
Utilization of energy of combustible substances
hazardous substances are converted into less hazardous substances
Emission of harmful gases and residues
Emission of cadmium and mercury
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Re-Use
Definition:-
It constitutes direct use or use after slight modifications to the original functioning equipment.
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Advantages
Electronic equipments like computers, cell phones etc. can be re-used.
This method also reduces the volume of e-waste generation.
no wastage of time and money
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E-Waste in INDIA
over 2 million e-waste is generated every year
Harmful techniques like burning wires are common practice in the informal recycling sectors in big cities in India.
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Manual Dismantling
Recycle Steps in INDIA
Refining and conditioning
Solid waste is deposited in a municipal landfill.
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E-Waste in CHINA
In 2004, China discarded 4 million refrigerators 5 million TV sets 5 million washing machines
China is receiving 90%
e-waste from other countries.
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WEEE Directive
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
Directive
WEEE Symbol
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introduced in January 2007.
aims to reduce the amount of electrical and electronic equipment being produced
to encourage everyone to reuse, recycle and recover it.
WEEE Directive
WEEE Symbol
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WEEE Categories
Large household appliances Lighting Equipment Electric and Electronic Tools Toys, sports Equipment IT and telecommunications equipment Office, Information & Communication Equipment Entertainment & Consumer Electronics Medical devices
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Did you know?
The average lifespan of computers has dropped from 6 years in 1997 to just 2 years in 2005.
Mobile phones have a lifecycle of less than two years in developed countries.
183 million computers were sold worldwide in 2004 - 11.6 percent more than in 2003.
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674 million mobile phones were sold worldwide in 2004 - 30 percent more than in 2003.
By 2010, there will be 716 million new computers in use. There will be 178 million new computer users in China, 80 million new users in India.
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What should be done?
Proper laws and policies should be made Awareness among consumers and manufacturers Recycling should be preferred Products should be made recyclable Make usage of recycled products do not throw away old equipments
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