e waste final project (2)

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E-WASTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2

We hereby present the project on E-WASTE

We express our sincere vote of thanks to project guide

Prof. Y. M. PATIL in Civil Engineering Dept. R.I.T. Sakharale, for giving

personal attention and valuable guidance and taking interest in completing this

project.

We express our gratitude to them for providing necessary facilities

for the completion of project.

We give special thanks to Prof. Kavade Sir , HOD of Mechanical

Engineering Department for his encouragement.

We would like to thank our principal Dr. Mrs. S. S. Kulkarni

for her active co- operation and encouragement.

We once again thankful to all those, who directly or indirectly helpus in completing this project and making it pleasurable knowledgeable

experience.

Thanking You,


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INDEX:

PAGE NO:

ABSTRACT .6

INTRODUCTION ..7

E-WASTE.8

1.WHAT IS E-WASTE?

2.SOURCES OF E-WASTE?

3.METHODS OF DISPOSAL OF E-WASTE?

4.HAZARDS IN E-WASTE?

EXPORT OF E-WASTE.12

EFFECT ON ENVIORNMENT AND HUMAN HEALTH...14

1.EFFECTS OF E-WASTE CONSTITUENTS ON HEALTH

E-WASTE THE INDIAN CONTENT.20

E-WASTE MANAGEMENT25

METHODS OF DISPOSAL OF E-WASTE..27

CASE STUDY29

CONCLUSION..32

REFFERENCES.33


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HAZARDS IN E-WASTE

E-waste contains a witches brew of toxic substances. Some of the potentially

hazardous metals that are part of this e-waste are lead, barium, cadmium, tin etc. These heavy

metals are mostly toxic and heavy exposure to them can cause diseases like silicosis,

respiratory irritation, pulmonary edema and even death in some cases. The impact of e-

waste may be broadly classified into two categories:

1. Downstream Impacts: Hazardous waste trade is fundamentally unjust and

environmentally damaging since it victimizes the poor, burdening them with toxic exposure

and environmental degradation. This is especially egregious when victims get little benefit

from the industrialization that created the waste in the first place.

2.Upstream Impacts

: Hazardous waste trade allows waste generators to externalize theircosts, creating a major disincentive to finding true solutions upstream for the problems they

create. As long as one can cheaply dump their waste problems on poorer economies, there

will never be incentives to minimize hazardous waste at the source. This forestalls the

necessary innovation to solve environmental problems through design.


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EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN HEALTH

Disposal of e-wastes is a particular problem faced in many regions across the globe.

Computer wastes that are landfilled produces contaminated leachates which eventually

pollute the groundwater. Acids and sludge obtained from melting computer chips, if

disposed on the ground causes acidification of soil. For example, Guiyu, Hong Kong a

thriving area of illegal e-waste recycling is facing acute water shortages due to the

contamination of water resources. This is due to disposal of recycling wastes such as acids,

sludge etc. in rivers. Now water is being transported from faraway towns to cater to the

demands of the population. Incineration of e-wastes can emit toxic fumes and gases,

thereby polluting the surrounding air. Improperly monitored landfills can cause

environmental hazards. Mercury will leach when certain electronic devices, such as circuitbreakers are destroyed. The same is true for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from

condensers. When brominated flame retardant plastic or cadmium containing plastics are

landfilled, both polybrominated dlphenyl ethers (PBDE) and cadmium may leach into the

soil and groundwater. It has been found that significant amounts of lead ion are dissolved

from broken lead containing glass, such as the cone glass of cathode ray tubes, gets mixed

with acid waters and are a common occurrence in landfills.


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E-WASTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15

EFECTS OF E-WASTE CONSTITUENT ON HEALTH

Source of e-wastes Constituent Health effects

Solder in printed circuit boards,glass panels and gaskets in

computer monitors

Lead (PB)

Damage to central and peripheral

nervous systems, blood systems

and kidney damage. Affects brain development of

children.

Chip resistors and semiconductors Cadmium (CD)

Toxic irreversible effects on

human health. Accumulates in kidney and liver. Causes neural damage. Teratogenic.

Relays and switches, printed circuit

boardsMercury (Hg)

Chronic damage to the brain.

Respiratory and skin disorders dueto bioaccumulation in fishes.

Corrosion protection of untreated Hexavalent Asthmatic bronchitis.


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E-WASTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20

pattern of governance. It ushered in an era of infrastructure reform and e-governance. This

shift is marked by the application of information technology in a big way in all areas. These

developments, along with indigenous technological advancement, have lead to an addition of

wide gamut of e-waste churned out from Indian households, commercial establishments,

industries and public sectors, into the waste stream. Solid waste management, which is

already a mammoth task in India, has become more complicated by the invasion of e-waste,

particularly computer waste to India, from different parts of the world. Indigenous as well as

imported computer waste has lead to the emergence of a thriving market of computer waste

products and processing units for material recovery in different parts of India. So trade in e-

waste is camouflaged and is a thriving business in India, conducted under the pretext of

obtaining reusable equipment or donations from developed nations.


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E-WASTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22

E-WASTE MANAGEMENT

The current e-waste management and disposal methods suffer from a number of

drawbacks like inadequate legislations, lack of funds, poor awareness and reluctance on part

of the governments and the corporate to address the critical issues. A plan of action for e-

waste management has to address the above mentioned issues in order to come up with a

sustainable solution. The most important participants/stake holders in any action plan would

be:

1. The society, represented by NGOs and Environmental activists/scientists

2. Government - policy makers

3. Corporate - R&D teams

4. Media - for awareness and public education

The extension of customer support services by the IT industry to cover the management of

redundant IT equipment from the commercial sector could help tackle two related

environmental and economic concerns. These are: the environmental effects of resource

consumption and materials disposal from the production of IT products, and the development

of more enduring customer relationships through the provision of full product life-cycle

services.

Transparency and accountability to the public

Handling large amounts of e-waste poses risks of toxic contamination to workers and

surrounding communities if conducted carelessly. Thus, the most basic criterion that

employees and citizens should rightfully expect from any recycling operation is that it be

open to public inspection.

General compliance with occupational health and safety standards

Observance of health and safety standards in the workplace is important for protecting

workers from exposure to toxics. It is also a powerful indicator of broader compliance with

environmental requirements. Well-trained workers, who are fully protected by the law to seek

advice and take action to protect their health and the environment without fear of reprisal


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CASE STUDY

Survey of E-Waste:

Under this subject we visited Islampur city and made a survey of about amount and disposal

of e-waste products. We get information is as follows-

At Karad, the recycling of these materials is done and remaining is disposed

Payal Electronics Gandhi Chauk,

Islampur.

Mr. Patil Satish. Sold to dealer of

Karad

Lalwaani Eletronics S T Stand Road,

Islampur.

Mr. Lalwani And

Sons.

Sold to dealer of

Karad

Satyam Computers Near S T Stand,

Islampur

Mr. Bhatt Manoj. Sold to dealer of

Karad

S N Electricals Azad Chauk,Islampur. Mr. NaikadShashikant. Sold to dealer ofKarad


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REFERENCES:

1.

CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROLE BOARD.

2. SOLID WASTE & RECYCLING, October/November 2002.

3. http://www.metro-region.org/library_docs/recycling .

4. http://www.ciwmb.ca.gov/Electronics/WhatisEwaste .

5. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT .by:A.D.BHIDE.
http://www.metro-region.org/library_docs/recyclinghttp://www.ciwmb.ca.gov/Electronics/WhatisEwastehttp://www.ciwmb.ca.gov/Electronics/WhatisEwastehttp://www.metro-region.org/library_docs/recycling

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