Earth ScienceNature of Earth ScienceEarth science is the study and the understanding of Earth, its lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and even its neighbor in the outer space. 4 Major Branches of Earth ScienceGeology Is the study of the rocky parts of the Earth's crust(or lithosphere ) and its historic development, including the transformations it has undergoes. There are two major fields that are generally accepted. - Physical Geology ( Earth Solid Part and Surface Processes) - Historical Geology ( Internal Processes and Earths Evolution)Branches of Geology Physical Oceanography - study of the motions of seawater, particularly waves currents and tidal motion. Chemical Oceanography study of the chemistry of seawater and reactions between the atmosphere and hydrosphere. Biological Oceanography - study of life in the oceans, includes marine biology and ecology. Geological Oceanography - study of the shape and geologic features of the ocean floor Oceanology Also known as oceanography or marine science. Study of oceans and seas (or the Hydrosphere) It covers a wide range of topics, including marine organisms, ocean currents and waves.Branches of Oceanology Physical Oceanography - study of the motions of seawater, particularly waves currents and tidal motion. Chemical Oceanography study of the chemistry of seawater and reactions between the atmosphere and hydrosphere. Biological Oceanography - study of life in the oceans, includes marine biology and ecology. Geological Oceanography - study of the shape and geologic features of the ocean floor Meteorology Is the study of Earths atmosphere including al phenomenona that are relevant to the atmosphere. Is also study on how processes in the atmosphere determine Earth's weather and climate.Branch of Meteorology Climatology - study of weather Astronomy I deals with the objects in the outer space including the sun, moon, stars, planets and other heavenly bodies.Branch of AstronomyCosmology The study of UniverseSignificance of Studying Earth Science To have a better science background with relevant information about the environment. To know the percent characteristics as well as the history of the earth . To be aware natural phenomenon's like tornadoes, hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunami, volcanic eruptions etc. To be prepared, informed and make responsible decisions regarding environment issues and problems and To be updated with the latest development of the universe beyond earth.