EARLY EUROPEChapter 4.1

ANCIENT GREECE Divided up into City-

States Athens: believed in

democratic rule; known for its philosophers

Sparta: Ruled by nobles; known as a warring city-state

ANCIENT GREECE 300 B. C.

Alexander the Great conquered all of Greece and helped spread Greek culture throughout Europe

ROME Legend states that

Rome was founded by two brothers Romulus and Remus

Rome was settled around 1000 B.C. Started out as a

monarchy and became a Republic (Led by 2 Consuls and the Senate)

ROMAN EMPIRE Rome expanded in

200-100 B.C. and encompassed the Mediterranean Sea

The rise of emperors caused the Senate to lose power Murder of Julius

Caesar Ocatavius became

Rome’s first emperor

DECLINE OF THE EMPIRE Constantine I moved

the Capital to Constantinople 330 AD. Splitting the Empire

(East and West) Germany invaded

the Western Roman Empire in 400 A.D

Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine empire) lasted another 1000 years

MEDIEVAL EUROPE500 AD - 1500

RISE OF CHRISTIANITY Popes became the leaders of the Catholic

Church starting in 500 AD Church sent out missionaries to spread their

religious views During 1000’s the Catholic Church sponsored a

series of holy wars called Crusades Wanted to take Jerusalem back from the Muslims

HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE The Western Roman Empire was divided up into smaller

German Kingdoms Charlemagne was the leader of the most important

Germanic Kingdom called the Franks The pope crowned him king of the “Western Roman

Empire” newly named the Holy Roman Empire After his death, his kingdom was divided up between his

sons & Grandsons that laid the foundations for Spain, Germany, Italy, France

MEDIEVAL SOCIETY The political and social

system during this time was called Feudalism.

Kings would grant land to Nobles in return for military service