Early Kingdoms of Southeast Asia

How did diffusion affect the history of Southeast Asia?

Pagan 849 AD the Burmans built this

kingdom

Arose along the Irrawaddy River in what today is Myanmar.

By controlling rice fields, rulers became powerful

King Anawrata brought Buddhism to his people.

Maintained links with Buddhist centers in India and Sri Lanka

In 1287, Mongol armies from China invaded.

By the 1400’s, Chinese rule came to an end

Pagan Stupas

Khmer Kingdom

This Kingdom controlled the Mekong River delta in what is today Cambodia and the southern part of Vietnam.

Had close contact with Indian traders

By 85 AD this kingdom was prosperous and at the height of its power.

Rulers absorbed Hindu beliefs and built temples to honor Hindu gods.

Engineers built water systems with canals and reservoirs.

Created a writing based on Indian Script.

Indian and Khmer Script

Successful farming allowed large numbers of people to live in cities

 In the 1100’s, King Suryavarman II built Angkor, dedicating the city to the god Hindu god Vishnu.

Angkor

After Cham attacks over a century, King Jayavarman VII found a new capitol dedicated to Buddhism.

Vietnam Came about in the Red River valley of

Northern Vietnam

Chinese ruled for more than a 1000 years

Chinese culture would influence language, art, poetry and customs

The Trung sisters led the struggle against Chinese invaders

Regained independence from China in 939 AD

Tai Kingdom

Because of Mongol attacks in 1287, this kingdom was able to expand

In 1782, the Chakkri Family set up a dynasty with Bangkok as a capital.

Srivijaya

Controlled the Strait of Malacca  After the 1200’s, Arab and Indian Muslims

would introduce Islam  European traders would eventually set up

trading posts in the region.

By the 900’s, the rulers worshipped Hindu gods but later many would covert to Buddhism.