early roman legends horatius cocles gaius mucius scaevola cincinnatus marcus manlius tarpeia
TRANSCRIPT
Early Roman Legends
Horatius CoclesGaius Mucius ScaevolaCincinnatusMarcus ManliusTarpeia
Horatius Cocles• 508 BC (?)• In attempt to bring back
Tarquinius Superbus, ally Lars Porsenna of Clusium attacks Rome
Horatius Cocles
• Etruscans attack Rome near its city limits
Horatius Cocles• Approaching bridge to cross
Tiber into Rome proper• Pons Sublicius (Sublician
Bridge)
Horatius Cocles
• Romans fleeing• Horatius “One-Eyed” tells
soldiers to tear down bridge
• Spurius Larcius and Titus Herminius help
Horatius Cocles• Spurius and
Titus flee to safety with the other Romans
• Horatius holds off enemy
• As bridge collapses, he prays to Father Tiber
Horatius Cocles
• Jumps into Tiber with armor and weapons
• Swims to safety
Horatius Cocles
• Honored as a hero
• Statue• Given as
much farmland as he can plow in one day
Gaius Mucius Scaevola
• 505 BC (?)• Gaius Mucius of
noble birth• Enters enemy
camp of Etruscan king Lars Porsenna
• Porsenna wants to reinstate Tarquinius Superbus
Gaius Mucius Scaevola
• Approaches a well-dressed man
• Kills man, who is not Porsenna but his secretary
Gaius Mucius Scaevola
• Brought before king• Places right hand in fire
without flinching
Gaius Mucius Scaevola• Porsenna
impressed• Releases
Mucius, who warns Porsenna that hundreds of Romans are prepared to attack Etruscan camp
Gaius Mucius Scaevola
• Senate gives Mucius large tract of land
• Senate vows to preserve Republic
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus• 458 BC• Aequi, local tribe, attacked
Rome
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus
• Messengers from Senate approach Cincinnatus, plowing field
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus
• Calls wife to fetch his toga
• Is appointed Dictator, a 6-month position
• Makes plans to conquer the Aequi
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus
• Men of military age (17-50) report to Campus Martius with rations for 5 days and 12 stakes (for camp fortification)
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus
• Defeats Aequi, who pass under yoke (3 spears)
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus• After 16 days,
Cincinnatus returns to his farm
Marcus Manlius• 390 BC• Gauls attack
Rome• Heading
towards stronghold on Capitoline Hill
Marcus Manlius
• Romans previously trapped high on Capitoline Hill during sieges
• Supplies running low
Marcus Manlius
• Juno’s sacred geese stationed in temple on Capitoline (Juno Moneta– “Warner”)
• Mint near her temple• “money” from
“Moneta”
Marcus Manlius
• Romans want to eat sacred geese, but dare not
• Cackling of geese awakens Manlius, whose house is on Capitoline Hill
Marcus Manlius
• Romans eventually repel attack (thanks to reinforcements arriving)
• Geese later honored with procession: carried on litters with purple and gold cushions
Marcus Manlius
• Dogs not so lucky: crucified annually
• Death of Manlius: thrown from Tarpeian Rock
Tarpeian Rock
• Named after Tarpeia, a traitor
• Sabines attacking Rome
Tarpeian Rock
• Tarpeia offers enemy access to Rome in return for what is on their arms
Tarpeian Rock
• Gold bracelets on their arms
• Oops! They also have shields!
Tarpeian Rock
• She is crushed under the weight of their shields
• Traitors tossed to their deaths from Tarpeian Rock (near Capitoline Hill)
Review
1) Horatius Cocles
2) Gaius Mucius Scaevola
3) Cincinnatus
4) Marcus Manlius
5) Tarpeia
Review
1) Horatius Cocles
2) Gaius Mucius Scaevola
3) Cincinnatus
4) Marcus Manlius
5) Tarpeia
1) Defended Sublician Bridge
Review
1) Horatius Cocles
2) Gaius Mucius Scaevola
3) Cincinnatus
4) Marcus Manlius
5) Tarpeia
1) Defended Sublician Bridge
2) Met Lars Porsenna and burned right hand
Review
1) Horatius Cocles
2) Gaius Mucius Scaevola
3) Cincinnatus
4) Marcus Manlius
5) Tarpeia
1) Defended Sublician Bridge
2) Met Lars Porsenna and burned right hand
3) Left plow to be dictator for 16 days
Review
1) Horatius Cocles
2) Gaius Mucius Scaevola
3) Cincinnatus
4) Marcus Manlius
5) Tarpeia
1) Defended Sublician Bridge
2) Met Lars Porsenna and burned right hand
3) Left plow to be dictator for 16 days
4) Geese awoke him; helped defeat Gauls
Review
1) Horatius Cocles
2) Gaius Mucius Scaevola
3) Cincinnatus
4) Marcus Manlius
5) Tarpeia
1) Defended Sublician Bridge
2) Met Lars Porsenna and burned right hand
3) Left plow to be dictator for 16 days
4) Geese awoke him; helped defeat Gauls
5) Offered help to Sabines in return for what was on their arms