Earth Science Review CST

All Advanced!!

Terrestrial Planets: Made of silicate rock

Gas Planets: H and He, Rapid rotation, not dense

Earth = 4.54 billion years old

Early Earth• Atmosphere: CO2, N2 (no O2)• Lots of water present

• No layer of O3 hot temps

Venus = Closest planet, 258 million kms

Alpha Centauri: Closest star besides Sun, 4.2 light years away

Sun Fusion: Fuse 2 H to make 1 He

Creation of Our Moon: Earth collides with huge asteroid creating debris (moon)

Chicxulub Crater, Mex: Asteroid hit Earth, killed off dinosaurs 65 mya

Milky Way Galaxy: 100,000 lt yrs big

Galaxie

s are

mad

e up of

stars

like s

exy

me!

How do Elements Form?• Well when big bang happened, presumably hydrogen and helium were formed.

Now we know that today under extreme conditions we can create atoms with atomic number higher than 92. So we can also say that if such harsh conditions occur, it is possible that elements heavier than hydrogen could be formed. (this process is called nuclear fusion).

conditions required for nuclear fusion = extremely high temperature and pressure.

in the earth amosphere no such condition occur naturally to create such huge amount of other elements.

so we look else where. where do we look?????but of course in the vast universe. we see stars. we know stars die. so when massive stars die they under go super nova explosion and during this heavier elements are formed. this material is then expelled into the surrounding interstellar medium.

now we know how the earth was created dont we? it was created from the nebula. this nebula also contained the reminants of super nova explosion and thus we find heavier metals on earth.

Sea Floor Spreading: Divergent

Plates

Magnetic Patterns: Evidence for Plate Tectonics

Convergent Plates: Trenches, Volcanoes, Mtns.

Divergent Plates: New Land, Mid Ocean Ridges

Transform Plates: Faults Equakes

Plate Boundaries Video Clips

Rock Cycle Video Clip

Click for Video!

Richter Scale: Log of energy wavesSeismograph: Measures amplitude of wave

Mercalli Scale vs Richter Scale

Volcano Formation

• Shield: Gentle slope, not explosive, large, fluid lava• Composite: Explosive, steep sides, small, viscous

lava

Topo Maps: Used to diagram Earth’s surface features: shows elevation

SAME THING!

Topo Map Image

Side View Image

Venus: Huge

Greenhouse Effect

Coriolis Effect: Makes wind and ocean currents

deflect too!