earthquake contingency plan for chittagong city

EARTHUAKECONTINGENCYPLANFOR

CHITTAGONGCITY

June2009

EarthquakeContingencyPlanforChittagongCity

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TABLEOFCONTENTS

LISTOFABBREVIATIONS..............................................................................................................................III

EXECUTIVESUMMARY.................................................................................................................................VI

CHAPTER1:GENERALASPECTSOFDHAKACITYEARTHQUAKECONTINGENCYPLAN...................................18

1.1.THENEEDFORCHITTAGONGCITYEARTHQUAKECONTINGENCYPLAN.....................................................................181.2.LEGALPROVISIONS,AUTHORITYANDPLANNINGRESPONSIBILITYFORDEVELOPMENTANDIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHE

CHITTAGONGCITYEARTHQUAKECONTINGENCYPLAN.........................................................................................191.3.AIMOFTHECHITTAGONGCITYEARTHQUAKECONTINGENCYPLAN......................................................................1101.4.GOALANDOBJECTIVESOFCHITTAGONGCITYEARTHQUAKECONTINGENCYPLAN...................................................1111.5.SCOPEOFTHECHITTAGONGCITYEARTHQUAKECONTINGENCYPLAN...................................................................1121.6.PLANNINGASSUMPTIONS............................................................................................................................1131.7.PLANIMPLEMENTATIONSTRATEGIES..............................................................................................................1131.8.PLANLIMITATIONS.....................................................................................................................................1151.9.INTENDEDUSERSOFTHEPLAN......................................................................................................................116

CHAPTER2:EARTHQUAKETHREATINBANGLADESHANDIDENTIFICATIONOFRISKSCENARIORELATEDTOCHITTAGONGCITY...................................................................................................................................217

2.1.INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................................2172.2.NATUREOFTHREATS..................................................................................................................................2172.3.POTENTIALDAMAGEINDIFFERENTSCENARIOSOFEARTHQUAKE.........................................................................2182.4.POTENTIALCASUALTIESINDIFFERENTSCENARIOSOFEARTHQUAKE......................................................................2192.5.POSSIBLEAVAILABILITYOFHOSPITALBEDAFTERANEARTHQUAKE........................................................................2212.6.ESSENTIALFACILITIESDAMAGE.....................................................................................................................2212.7.UTILITYDAMAGEINCHITTAGONGCITYCORPORATIONAREA..............................................................................223

CHAPTER3:CONCEPTOFOPERATIONS....................................................................................................325

3.1.GENERALOPERATIONS................................................................................................................................3253.2.STANDARDOPERATINGPROCEDURES(SOP)...................................................................................................3263.3.STAKEHOLDERS..........................................................................................................................................3273.4.MANAGEMENT..........................................................................................................................................3303.5.MONITORINGANDEVALUATION....................................................................................................................3323.6.FUNCTIONALRESPONSECONCEPT.................................................................................................................3323.7.FUNCTIONALGROUPS/CLUSTERS..................................................................................................................3333.8.PLANCONTRIBUTORS..................................................................................................................................337

CHAPTER4:FUNCTIONALRESPONSEGROUPSANDTHEIRROLESANDRESPONSIBILITIES.........................439

4.1.CLUSTER1EMERGENCYOPERATIONSOVERALLCOMMANDANDCOORDINATIONCLUSTER...............4394.2.EMERGENCYOPERATIONSSEARCH,RESCUE&EVACUATIONCLUSTER.................................................................4414.3.HEALTHCLUSTER.......................................................................................................................................4444.4.RELIEFSERVICES(FOOD,NUTRITIONANDOTHERRELIEF)CLUSTER.......................................................................4464.5.SHELTER(INCLUDINGSETTINGUPTEMPORARYSHELTER)CLUSTER........................................................................4484.6.WATERSUPPLY,SANITATIONANDHYGIENECLUSTER........................................................................................4504.7.RESTORATIONOFURBANSERVICESCLUSTER....................................................................................................4514.8.TRANSPORTATION(ROAD,RAIL,AIR,WATERWAY,SEA)CLUSTER.........................................................................4544.9.SECURITY,ANDWELFARECLUSTER.................................................................................................................455


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CHAPTER5:SPATIALANALYSISANDCONTINGENCYPLANFORKEYELEMENTS.........................................558

5.1.CLUSTER1:OVERALLCOMMANDANDCOORDINATION......................................................................................5585.2.CLUSTER2:EVACUATION,SEARCHANDRESCUE...............................................................................................5585.3.CLUSTER3:HEALTH....................................................................................................................................5615.4.CLUSTER4:RELIEFSERVICES(FOOD,NUTRITIONANDOTHERRELIEF)....................................................................5635.5.CLUSTER5:SHELTER(INCLUDINGCAMPMANAGEMENT)....................................................................................5635.6.CLUSTER6:WATERSUPPLY,SANITATIONANDHYGIENE....................................................................................5645.7.CLUSTER7:RESTORATIONOFURBANSERVICES................................................................................................5655.8.CLUSTER8:TRANSPORT(ROAD,RAIL,AIR,SEA)................................................................................................5655.9.CLUSTER9:SECURITYANDWELFARE.............................................................................................................566

CHAPTER6:ACTIONSTOSUPPORTPLANIMPLEMENTATION...................................................................667

6.1.CAPACITYBUILDING....................................................................................................................................6676.2.TRAININGANDEDUCATION..........................................................................................................................6671.1.CAPACITYBUILDING,AWARENESSCREATIONANDADVOCACYACTIVITIES..............................................................6676.3.PREPOSITIONINGOFEMERGENCYFACILITIESATIMPORTANTURBANCENTERSANDCRITICALLOCATIONS........................706.4.RESOURCEMOBILIZATION................................................................................................................................716.5.AWARENESSCREATION....................................................................................................................................746.6.ESTABLISHMENTOFREPORTINGSYSTEMFORREPORTINGTHEREADINESSOFDIFFERENTAGENCIES..................................81

BIBLIOGRAPHY...........................................................................................................................................84

GLOSSORYOFTERMS.................................................................................................................................87

ANNEXES.......................................................................................................................................................I

ANNEX1:CALCULATIONTABLES.................................................................................................................................IANNEX2:MAPS..................................................................................................................................................XIV


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LISTOFABBREVIATIONS

ADB AsianDevelopmentBankAFD ArmedForcesDivisionAMI AnjumaneMofidulIslamBangladeshAnsar&VDP BangladeshAnsarandVillageDefencePartyBA BimanAirlinesBDR BangladeshRiflesBCAA BangladeshCivilAviationAuthorityBCG BangladeshCoastGuardBDRCS BangladeshRedCrescentSocietyBFRI BangladeshForestResearchInstituteBGSL BakhrabadGasSystemsLimitedBGMEA BangladeshGarmentManufacturersandExportersAssociationBIP BangladeshInstituteofPlannersBIWTA BangladeshInlandWaterTransportAuthorityBKMEA BangladeshKnitwearManufacturerandExportersAssociationBLRI BangladeshLivestockResearchInstituteBMA BangladeshMedicalAssociationBMD BangladeshMeteorologicalDepartmentBP BangladeshPoliceBPDB BangladeshPowerDevelopmentBoardBR BangladeshRailwayBRTA BangladeshRoadandTransportAuthorityBRTC BangladeshRoadandTransportCorporationBSS BangladeshSangbadSangsthaBTMEA BangladeshTextileMillsAssociationBTCL BangladeshTelecommunicationCompanyBTRC BangladeshTelecommunicationRegulatoryCommissionBTV BangladeshTelevisionBUET BangladeshUniversityofEngineering&TechnologyBWDB BangladeshWaterDevelopmentBoardCAAB CivilAviationAuthorityBangladeshCBOs CommunityBasedOrganizationsCC CityCorporationsCCP BangladeshCentreforCommunicationPrograms CDA ChittagongDevelopmentAuthorityCDC CommunicablediseaseControl CME CentreforMedicalEducationCMMU Construction,MaintenanceandManagementUnitCPA ChittagongPortAuthorityCPP CyclonePreparednessProgrammeCWASA ChittagongWaterSupplyandSewerageAuthorityDCC DhakaCityCorporationDPDC DhakaPowerDistributionCompanyLtd.


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DESCO DhakaElectricSupplyCompanyLtd.DFP DepartmentofFilmsandPublicationsDGFisheries DirectorateofFisheriesDGoF DirectorateGeneralofFoodDGLivestock DirectorateofLivestockDGHS DirectorateGeneralofHealthServicesDMB DisasterManagementBureauDMC DepartmentofMassCommunicationDOA DepartmentofArchitectureDPHE BangladeshDepartmentofPublicHealthEngineeringDRR DirectorateofReliefandRehabilitationDWASA DhakaWaterSupplyandSewerageAuthorityEMS EarthquakeMagnitudeScaleFAO FoodandAgriculturalOrganizationFBCCI FederationofBangladeshChambersofCommerceFSCD BangladeshFireService&CivilDefenceIAB InstituteofArchitectsBangladeshIFRC InternationalFederationofRedCross andRedCrescentSocietiesIOM InternationalOrganizationforMigrationIRC InternationalRescueCommitteeJICA JapanInternationalCooperationAgencyGSB GeologicalSurveyofBangladeshHBRI Housing&BuildingResearchInstituteIAB InstituteofArchitectsBangladeshIEB InstituteofEngineersBangladeshIFRC InternationalFederationofRedCrossandRedCrescentINGOs InternationalNonGovernmentOrganizationsJGTDSL JalalabadGasTransmission&DistributionCo.LimitedLGA LocalGovernmentAgenciesLGD LocalGovernmentDivisionLGED LocalGovernmentEngineeringDepartmentLGRD LocalGovernmentandRuralDevelopmentLGRDC LocalGovernmentRuralDevelopmentandCooperativesMinCom MinistryofCommerceMoC MinistryofCommunicationsMoCAT MinistryofCivilAviationandTourismMoF MinistryofFinanceMoFDM MinistryofFoodandDisasterManagementMoFL MinistryofFisheriesandLivestockMoHA MinistryofHomeAffairsMoHFW MinistryofHealthandFamilyWelfareMoHPW MinistryofHousingandPublicWorksMoI MinistryofInformationMoL MinistryofLandNGOs NonGovernmentOrganizationsNHA NationalHousingAuthorityNIPSOM NationalInstituteofPreventiveandSocialMedicine


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OHCHR OfficeoftheHighCommissionerforHumanRightsPDB PowerDevelopmentBoardPetroBangla ItisasuccessorofBangladeshMineralOilandGasCorporationPGCL PowerGridCompanyofBangladeshLtdPIB PressInstituteofBangladeshPID PressInformationDepartmentPSTN PublicswitchedtelephoneNetworkPWD PublicWorksDepartmentR&H RoadsandHighwaysRAB RapidActionBattalionREB RuralElectrificationBoardRAJUK RajdhaniUnnyanKortipakhaREHAB RealEstate&HousingAssociationofBangladeshRHD RoadsandHighwaysDepartmentTGTDCL TitasGasTransmissionandDistribution Co.LtdSoB SurveyofBangladeshUNDP UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgrammeUNHABITAT UnitedNationsagencyforhumansettlementsUNHCR UNHighCommissionerforRefugeesUNICEF UnitedNationsChildren'sFundUNRC ResidentCoordinatorofUnitedNationsUNOCHA UnitedNationsOfficefortheCoordinationofHumanitarianAffairsVDP VillageDefencePartyWFP WorldFoodProgrammeWHO(DERG) WorldHealthOrganization(DisasterEmergencyResponseGroup)


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EXECUTIVESUMMARY

The overall goal of the city level Contingency Planning Process is to develop acomprehensive geohazard risk reduction Contingency Planning strategy that islinkedtoaneasyimplementationframework.Theframeworkshouldbeabletoaddressthecurrentneedsandissues,whichwouldbeimplementableatalllevelsfromnational,city and agency levels and cover all the phases of disaster risk management frompreparednesstoresponse.

TheprojectonContingencyplanningwithregardtoearthquakehazardiscomprisedoftwomainTasks:

TaskI:Determinestatusofcontingencyplanninganddesignofinterimcontingencyplan

TaskII:Turninterimcontingencyplansintofinalversions(usingmapsforselectedurbanareasthathighlightearthquakevulnerableschool/hospital/emergencyresponseandcontrolbuildingsetc.)

Planningrequirestheactiveparticipationofthestakeholdersinplanningstageaswellasinimplementationstageofactivitiesincludingthepostdisasterstagewhenareviewprocess to be undertaken to identify the effectiveness of plan operations and newchallenges.Timebecomesmorevaluableonceanemergencyoccurs,soplanningbeforetheemergencyisveryimportant,whenworkloadsmaybelessandinstitutionsinvolvedaremoreflexibleinaccommodatingtheneeds.Earthquakehappenswithoutanyearlywarning and although stakeholder community in Bangladesh is quite capable ofresponding to events such as floods, cyclones etc, there is a need for conductingcontingency planning in advance. One reason for conducting contingency planning isbecauseitwillfacilitatearapidemergencyresponsebyallowingplannersmoretimefor advance preparedness measures for response. In advance of an earthquakeemergencytheplannerswillbeableto:

Consider different risk scenarios to identify spatial planning needs to suit thedistributionofrisk

Considerthelikelyconsequencesofanemergencybeforeitoccurs Conduct capacity assessment to Identify the key resources, both human and

physical,whichmaybeavailabletorespondtotheemergency

Identifythecriticalareasforimmediateaction


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Buildandtraintheemergencyresponseteamsinadvance Define the policy changes/revisions, new strategies and approaches for

respondingtoemergencyinadvance

Allofthesemeasuresallowconstructiveinterventionimmediatelyaftertheemergency.Teambuildingisparticularlyuseful,astheabilitytoactasateammaybecriticaltothesuccessof the initial emergency response.Anotherbenefit to contingencyplanning isthat,beforeanemergency,thereiscomparativelymoretimetoconsideralltheaspectsofproblemsthatare likely toarise.Once theemergencyhasoccurred, itmaybeverydifficulttobringalloftheplayerstogethertodiscusstheneeds.Agreementonpoliciesin the contingency planning stage may help clarify applicability and resolvecontradictions that may occur. It will help in filling the policy gaps in providinginstitutional mandates where needed.Rapid decisionmaking on operational issuesafteranemergencyisimportantbecausedelaysmaycostlives.

TheContingencyPlanningalsoservesasatoolformaintainingcontrolovereventsorlimitingtheriskoflossofcontrol.Becauseofthescaleoftheproblemsthattheypose,earthquakes sometimesprovokeerratic orunpredictable responses.Wellintentionedbutillequippedagenciesmayrushtohelp,leadingsomeagenciestooverreacttotheemergency.Theriskofinappropriateresponsesismuchlowerwhenclearplansareinplace. The contingencyplanningprocess also allows identification of projectedneedsthatmayariseasaresultofanemergencyandtheresourcesthatwillbeimmediatelyavailabletomeetthoseneeds.Onebenefitofarealisticcontingencyplanisthatitmayencourage donors and other development agencies to make arrangements tosupplement additional resources for enhancement of available resource base of theagenciesinvolvedinplanimplementation.

Although the objective of contingency planning is usually the production of acontingencyplan,manyusefuloutputsofcontingencyplanningcomefromtheprocessthroughwhich theplan isdeveloped.Therefore, therearemanyadvantages inaplanprepared through a participatory process through involvement of allmajor potentialactors,agreeingonthebroadpoliciesandworkinggroupsfillingthedetailsoftheplan.ThefinalmeasureofthesuccessofcontingencyplanshouldnotbeaPlan.Itdoesnotmean that theplan isnot importantbut theplan shouldnotbe a rigidone.Theplanshould be a measure of the quality of the process and success indicator essentiallyshouldbetheprocessasagoodplanningprocesswillresultinagoodplan.Eventhoughtheearthquakethatoccursmaybeverydifferentfromtheoneplannedfor,theplanwillstillbeuseful.Agoodcontingencyplanensuresbetterpreparednessforanyemergencythatmayoccur,evenonethatisverydifferentfromthescenariointheplan.


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CHAPTER1: GENERALASPECTSOFDHAKACITYEARTHQUAKECONTINGENCYPLAN

1.1.THENEEDFORCHITTAGONGCITYEARTHQUAKECONTINGENCYPLAN

Beingthecountry'scommercialcapitalandprimaryport,ChittagongisthemainrouteforalmostallofBangladesh's importandexport,generatingamajorportionofthecountry'sannualrevenueandbeingitscommercialcenter.Itsharborcontainsextensivelydevelopedport facilitiesand isparticularlysuitable foroceansteamers.Beingthemainseaportandthesecondlargestcityofthecountry,Chittagonghasaround3.5millionpeopleinitsCityCorporationArea.ThecityisnearbythePlateBoundaryFault2andPlateBoundaryFault3. The earthquake risk of the Chittagong City is growing with every passing momentbecauseof theunabatedgrowthofhumansettlementand industrial andothereconomicactivities. The rapid increase in vulnerability of the city is evident from the rapidurbanization, population growth, population migration and development of majoreconomic zones in and around Chittagong. Major causes behind such ever increasingearthquake risk being the haphazard urbanization and substandard construction ofbuildings, residential houses and other infrastructures without any consideration ofunderlying earthquake hazards. Major reclamation efforts in and around Chittagongincreases the potential for liquefaction. During sustained strong shaking, poorlyconsolidated, water saturated sediments can liquefy and loose their ability to supportloads.The foundations and supportsof structuresbuilton liquefiable sediments can fail,causingdamageordestructionduringmajorearthquakes.Muchofthecountryisofloosesandysoilandmostofitremainsinsaturatedconditionroundtheyear,therebyincreasingthe vulnerability to liquefaction in case of sustained ground motions.Possibility of fireoutbreaksinaneventofanearthquakeasasecondaryhazardisanothersourcerelatedtopossiblehigheconomiclosses.

On the Contrary, present capacities in disaster management in Bangladesh are largelycentredonemergencyresponseandpostdisasterrecovery,whichisevidentfromthefloodandcycloneeventsofhighmagnitude.ButthereisaneedforacomprehensivegeohazardriskreductionContingencyPlanningstrategy for low frequencyhighmagnitudeevents,which occurwithoutwarning. Such Contingency Planning efforts should be linked to aneasyimplementationframeworktobeabletoaddresstherelatedissues.

Government and Institutional structures, policy and legal framework are some vitalfeatures in ensuring clear delineation of aspects of contingency plan preparation andimplementation. This is an important step towards longerterm investment in planpreparation and in effective implementation. To achieve further benefits from such anendeavour appropriate spatial planning at all levels is also needed to ensure that thedisasterpreparedness is consideredearlyon in thephysicalplanningprocess.Reviewofexisting legislations and present organizational structure for natural disaster reduction


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ContingencyPlanningTasks

TaskI:Determinestatusofcontingencyplanninganddesignofinterimcontingencyplan TaskII:Turninterimcontingencyplansintofinalversions(usinggeohazardvulnerabilitymap)

Box2

policymakingisessentialforaddressingtheneedforsimplificationofprocedures,identifyfuture planning strategies and to identify immediate response actions for their effectiveimplementation.

Inthesecircumstances,aContingencyPlanisneededforensuringbetterresponsetowardsearthquakehazard.ContingencyPlanning isa forwardplanningprocess, inastateofuncertainty, inwhichscenariosandobjectivesareagreed,managerialand technicalactionsdefined,andpotential response systemsput inplace inorder toprevent,orbetterrespondto,anemergencyorcriticalsituation.

Realizing this, the Ministry of Food and DisasterManagement(MoFDM)throughtheComprehensiveDisaster Management Program (CDMP) isimplementing a project on Earthquake RiskAssessmentandPreparednessinDhaka,Chittagongand Chittagong City Corporation areas, which issupported by UNDP, UK Department forInternational Development Bangladesh (DFIDB)andtheEuropeanCommission(EC).InAugust2006,the European Commission signed a contributionagreement with UNDP Bangladesh for providingtechnical assistance to facilitate the preparation of earthquake risk assessments andcontingency plans within Dhaka, Chittagong and Sylhet cities. The development ofcontingencyplanforearthquakehazardpreparednessandmitigationisassistedbyAsianDisaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) in association with the National Society forEarthquake Technology Nepal (NSET) that aims at developing a comprehensive geohazard risk reduction Contingency Planning strategy that is linked to an easyimplementationframework byaccomplishingthefollowingtwotasksasshownintheBox2.

1.2.LEGALPROVISIONS,AUTHORITYANDPLANNINGRESPONSIBILITYFORDEVELOPMENTANDIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHECHITTAGONGCITYEARTHQUAKECONTINGENCYPLAN

According to theStandingOrdersonDisaster(SOD),DisasterManagementBureauunderMinistryofFoodandDisasterManagement(MoFDM)isresponsiblefor:

Advisingthegovernmentonallmattersrelatingtodisastermanagement; Maintainingliaisonwithdifferentgovernmentagencies,aidgivingagencies,NGOs

andVoluntaryOrganizationsandensuretheirmaximumcooperationandcoordinationinallmattersofdisastermanagement;


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Under thismandate, theDisasterManagementBureaudeveloped thedraftNationalPlanforDisasterManagement20072015,whereaDisasterManagementPlanningFrameworkhas been incorporated. Within this framework, there are a few hazardspecificmanagementplans,suchasEarthquakeManagementPlan.Itisalsoindicatedthatthistypeof plans is multisectoral and being divided into two components: risk reduction andemergency response. The earthquake Contingency Plan for Chittagong City has beenpreparedunderthebroadframeworkoftheabovelegalprovisionsandplans;and,ismeantforenhancingtheeffectivenessofearthquakeemergencyresponse.

1.3.AIMOFTHECHITTAGONGCITYEARTHQUAKECONTINGENCYPLAN

TheAimof theChittagongCityEarthquakeContingencyPlan is tocreateanefficientandeffectivecollaborativeapproachtoEmergencyResponse&ManagementatCitylevelwiththe participation of all city level stakeholders considering seismic hazard which has apotentialtocreateanimpactwithinBangladeshofvariousmagnitudesandintensity.

Throughthisplanningitisaimedatdevelopingprocesstoensuremaximumutilizationofavailableresources,optimisationofeffortsby firstresponderorganization inordertodofollowingasshowninBox3.

Optimizationofeffortsbyfirst responder agenciesinorderto:

1. Savelives2. Provide

humanitarianassistance

3. Restoringthelifelinefacilitiesandutilitiestobringnormalcywithinafastestpossibletime

Box3

Chittagong City Earthquake ContingencyPlanPromotes:

1. Appropriate command and controlmechanism

2. Efficient,effectivecollaboration&coordination,

3. Partnerships,4. Trust,mutualrespectandunderstanding

amongallstakeholders,5. Arrangementsforsharingofresources

andexperiencethatwillresultinahighestlevelofsafetyandsecurityofcitizensofBangladesh

Box4


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AstrongChittagongCityEarthquakeContingencyPlanisconsideredtobeaonethatisbuiltonafoundationforDRMthatpromotesfollowingasshowninBox4.

1.4.GOALANDOBJECTIVESOFCHITTAGONGCITYEARTHQUAKECONTINGENCYPLAN

TheultimategoalofthisearthquakeContingencyPlanistominimizeadverseeffects(lossof lives and properties, damage and disruption of critical facilities etc.) of potentialearthquakes in the city by establishing and implementing a system of preparednessactivitiesthroughefficientandeffectivecontingencyplanningprocess.

Followingmajorobjectivesareenvisionedtoachievethegoal:

EstablishacomprehensivegeohazardriskreductionContingencyPlanningStrategythat is linkedtoaneasyimplementationframeworkbyensuringappropriatespatialplanning at all levels so that disaster preparedness is considered early on in thedecisionplanningprocess.

Define Earthquake Contingency Management relationships city level and createeffectivecoordinationmechanismsamongallstakeholdersatcitylevel

Identify the earthquake contingency management roles and responsibilities ofMinistry of Food and Disaster Management, DMB, first responder agencies,humanitarian assistance providers, life line and utility agencies, at city and agencylevelsbasedontheirexistingmandates,andassigneddutiesandresponsibilities fordisasterresponse

Provideanorganizationalstructuretointegratethoserolesandresponsibilitiesintoacollaborativenationalcapabilitytofacilitatepreparedness,responseandrecoverytoensuremanagementofearthquakeemergencies

Establish and maintain a fully operational contingency planning process withnecessarymanpower and resources and ensure cleardelineationof theprocess forcontingencyplanpreparation,review,revisionwithingovernmentandotherrelevantinstitutionalstructures

Followingareadditionalobjectives:

Define the tasks that support the National Disaster Management System, such asvulnerability and risk assessment, data base management, partner relationships,capacitybuilding,publicawarenesscreationformainstreamingdisastermanagementintodevelopmentpractice


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Helpenhanceessential supportservicessuchasEmergencyOperationsCenter,S&Rcapacities, Medical First Responder teams, procurement of rescue equipment,establishmentofemergencyservices,trainingandeducationopportunitiesetc.

Institutionalize an operational Incident Command System (ICS), organizationalstructure for earthquake emergencymanagement and the concept of operations beincorporated in all Disaster Preparedness and Response Plans, Standing Orders onDisastersasafirststepinestablishingtheNationalContingencyManagementSystem(NCMS)inBangladesh

Extend the organizational structure to facilitate coordinationwithAcademia,NGOs,INGOs, media, private sector and donor agencies etc. to support an effective,contingencymanagementcapacity

1.5.SCOPEOFTHECHITTAGONGCITYEARTHQUAKECONTINGENCYPLAN

This plan details Emergency Response Functions immediately following a damagingearthquake. It describes the response system in place for responding to the situationcreatedandneedsrequiredduetotheeventofamajorearthquakeinChittagongCity,andalsodescribesaholisticresponsestructure,whichshouldbeactivatedfromthenationallevel to the affected community. It also provides a framework for coordination andoptimum utilization of national resources andmechanism for obtaining support asarranged by the government, from internal organizations(such as from ministries, lineagencies, departments, NGOs, private sector etc.) and international assistance. It coversfourspecificareasrespectivelyasgivenbelow.

General information that identifies legal provision, authorities & responsibilities,planning objectives and scope for response in the situation related to earthquakehazard;

Coordinationmechanismandextendedfunctionsofrelevantagenciesforthespecificearthquakeresponsewithintheauthorityofthegovernment.TheResponsestructureisdividedinto9functionalclustersandeachclusterisheadedbyoneinstitutionandsupportedby several institutions. It outlines the SOPs, tasks tobe accomplishedbythe respective institutions (ministries and agencies,) and the type of support to beprovidedtothembyothersatthenationallevel;

Supportinterventionsneededforplanimplementation; ReportingstructureforReadinessbyconcernedfirstresponderinstitutions

TheContingencyPlanforeachfunctionalclusteralsoidentifiesthepreparednessactionstobecarriedout forbetterresponseduring theearthquakeevents (during thepredisaster


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period) and reviewprocess and actions for planning for long term recovery (during thepostdisasterperiod).

1.6.PLANNINGASSUMPTIONS

This Chittagong city earthquake contingency plan has been developed with followingassumptionsinthebackground:

Earthquakes are impact type events and provide no warning preventing any preeventresponseactivities

Earthquakes within the city will cause large numbers of deaths and injuries andextensive damage and destruction of buildings, emergency facilities andinfrastructureasoutlinedinChapter1ofthisplan

Thereislikelihoodofsecondaryeffectsfollowinganearthquakeoraftershockswhichmay include tsunami, fire, flood, liquefactions, subsidence, damming of rivers,landslides,anddamfailure,releaseofhazardousandtoxicchemicals

Strongaftershockswillcontinueforseveraldaysresultinginfurtherbuildingcollapse Largenumbersofpersons(hundredsofthousands)willbeinneedofshelter,welfare,

reliefassistance,medicalcareetc Accesswillbeseverelyrestrictedduetodebris,landslides,collapsedbridgesetc. Manynationalandinternationalresponseandhumanitarianorganizationsotherthan

the government institutionswill also be involved during response and recovery toearthquakedisaster

1.7.PLANIMPLEMENTATIONSTRATEGIES

ThefollowingstrategywillbeadoptedinplanimplementationasshowninBox5:


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Set up a system for regular reporting and updates on the readiness of firstresponderinstitutions

Plan & development of national capabilities to translate earthquake riskreductionintoPreparednessandResponsePlans

Establish a consistent, collaborative national approach to the Mitigation ofimpactsofearthquakedisasters

Proposeamechanismtointegratedisastermanagementintonationaleducationsystem

Proposeamechanismtobuildthecapacityofgovernmentandnongovernmentpartnersbyprovidingtrainingandeducationonearthquakeriskreduction

Developamechanismtoimprovetherelationshipsamonggovernmentandnongovernmentorganizationsduringpreparedness,responseandrecoveryphases

Transfer knowledge and state of the art of technologies necessary to supportinstitutionaloperationsandimplementoperationsplans

Ensure a system for linking contingency planning processwith the earthquakehazardandriskassessmentsystemandstudies

Ensure continued functioning and monitoring of the contingency planningprocess established during the development of this national earthquakecontingencyplan

Develop plans, programs and establish mechanisms for raising awareness ofcommonpeople,professionalsandauthoritiesonearthquakecontingencyplanstoensurewidedisseminationandeffectiveimplementation Box5


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1.8.PLANLIMITATIONS

The Chittagong City Earthquake Contingency Plan will not, and cannot,addressallcircumstances

Bangladeshispronetomanyothertypesofhazardssuchasfloods,cyclonesetcandSylhetCityEarthquakeContingencyPlanshouldbeincorporatedwithother Contingency Plans to create aMultihazard contingencymanagementframework.

ThePlanassumesthatthelineagencieswillhavemandatoryprovisionsandnationalcapacitytodealwithassignedtasks.MandatoryprovisionsforFirstResponder Organizations, line agencies, ministries, local governments,Districtauthoritiesetchastobegrantedthroughappropriatepolicyandlegalinstruments.

TherelevantMinistriesareresponsibleforprovisionofresourcestocarryoutearthquake emergency management functions by relevant institutions.Especially institutions involved may need additional resources in terms ofqualified manpower, technical as well as financial resources to undertakeassignedtasks.

TheSylhetCityEarthquakeContingencyManagementprocess is linked to aspecifiedtimelagtobecomefullyfunctionalasanintegratedsystem

The Plan requires that the National Emergency Operations Center is to beestablished on priority basis to have service functions for a 24/7 schedulewithdutyofficersinplacewithclearlyidentifiednotificationprotocols.

ThePlancannotensurethatemergencyassistancetocommunitieswillarrivein time following a rapid onset disaster such as earthquake unless thegovernment will have emergency declarations in time. It will depend oneffective emergency management system which depends on application ofadvancedstateofthearttechnology.

Capable and committed staffwith appropriate financial resources, facilities,equipment and supplies is required to implement an effective, longtermprogrambasedontheActionPlan.

Box6


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FirstResponderOrganizations ArmedForcesDivision(AFD) FireService&CivilDefense(FSCD) DirectorateGeneralofHealthServices

(DGHS) DisasterManagementBureau(DMB) DepartmentofReliefandRehabilitation

(DRR) CityCorporations Box7

1.9.INTENDEDUSERSOFTHEPLAN

The direct users of this Chittagong City Earthquake Contingency Plan will be the First,Second aswell asThird levelResponderAgencies in order to savehumanlives, providehumanitarianassistance,andrestorethelifelinefacilitiesandutilitiesrespectively.

The term 'First Responder' refers tothoseagenciesandindividualswhointhe early stages of an incident areresponsible for the protection andpreservationof life,property, and theenvironment, including emergencyresponse providers as well asemergency management, search andrescue, fire safety, public health,clinicalcare,andotherskilledsupportpersonnel (such as equipmentoperators) that provide immediatesupport servicesduring emergencyoperations. In this contingencyplanningprocess, thefollowingagenciesareidentifiedasFirstResponderOrganizationsasshowninBox8.

In addition to above, the second levelwill consist of the utility and life line institutions(water supply, electricity, gas supply, telecommunications, waste disposal etc)transportationsystems(road,air,rail,andsea),ParamilitaryforcesandPolicewhichwillbe engaged in security, law and order functions. ThirdResponderOrganizations are theotherssuchas lineMinistries,Departments,CityDevelopmentAuthorities,NGOs/ INGOs,electronic and paper Media, Community Based Organizations (CBOs), Civil SocietyOrganizations (CSOs), Academia, Development Partners will be the passive users of theplan as they will be providing support services for plan implementation. The ultimatebeneficiarieswouldbethecommunitiesatrisktobringnormalcywithinafastestpossibletime.


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CHAPTER2: EARTHQUAKETHREATINBANGLADESHANDIDENTIFICATIONOFRISKSCENARIORELATEDTOCHITTAGONGCITY

2.1.INTRODUCTION

Over thepastdecades,urbanization inBangladeshhasbeenrapidly takingplacewithoutproperguidance.Asaresultmanyoftheurbancentershavedevelopedhaphazardly.Theseurbancentersarefastgrowingandinfluencetheeconomicdevelopmentsofthecountry.Itis therefore essential to have a realistic understanding on the nature, severity andconsequences of likely damage/loss that a possible event of earthquake could cause. Astrong earthquake affecting amajor urban center like Dhaka, Chittagong, or Sylhetmayresult in damage and destructions of massive proportions and may have disastrousconsequencesfortheentirenation.

AlowtomoderatelevelofearthquakemaycauseSevierdamagestothelifeandpropertythatmaygobeyond theexistingcapacityofChittagongCityCorporation (CCC)within itsjurisdiction. Considering likely earthquake threat in Bangladesh, the ComprehensiveDisaster management Programme (CDMP) under the Ministry of Food and DisasterManagement of the Government of Bangladesh (GoB), took initiative to develop likelyscenariosofearthquake forDhaka,ChittagongandSylhet.This reportpresents the likelybuilding collapse, debris generation, fire hazards and casualties during different level ofearthquakes in these three cities and current preparations/ capacity of Chittagong CityCorporationandotherdepartmentstocopewiththesituation.

2.2.NATUREOFTHREATS

GeographicallyBangladeshislocatedclosetotheboundaryoftwoactiveplates:theIndianplate in thewest and the Eurasian plate in the east and north. In the past therewhereseveralearthquakesthatcausedseveredamagestolifeandproperties.Someofthemajorearthquakes around the region includes the 1548 earthquake, the 1664 earthquake, the1762earthquake,the1869Cachenearthquake(Ms7.5),the1885Bengalearthquake(Ms7.0),the1897GreatAssamearthquake(Ms8.1),andthe1918Srimangalearthquake(Ms7.6) (Earthquake inwebsite Banglapedia;Oldham,1883;Ambraseys,2004;BilhamandHough, 2006 etc). However, Bangladesh did not experience any large earthquake since20thcenturyforabout100years.The1918earthquakeisthoughtnottobeacharacteristicone, since the magnitude is small for the plate boundary fault. This may mean thatBangladeshhas a high risk of large earthquake occurrence in near future. Severalmajoractivefaults,e.g.theplateboundaryfault(thenorthernextensionofsubductionfault)andtheDaukiFault,areinferredinBangladesh.ThesefaultsmustgeneratelargeearthquakesoverM8.However,thenature,detailedlocation,andthefaultinghistoryonthesefaultsarenotwellknownyet(Morino,2009).


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2.3.POTENTIALDAMAGEINDIFFERENTSCENARIOSOFEARTHQUAKE

Three different scenarios have been developed to identify the possible damage toinfrastructures,buildings,transportationandnumberofcasualties.Thescenariosareleast,moderate and worst case as assumed based on different magnitude of earthquake.FollowingarethescenariosofelementsatriskinthecityofChittagong.

BuildingsDamage

Itisestimatedthatabout168,783buildingswillbedamagedat8.5Mwearthquake.Thisisabout 93.00% of the total number of buildings in the Chittagong city. During this timeabout135,647buildingswillbedamagedbeyondrepair.About38,953buildingswillbeatleastmoderatelydamagedatMw8.0earthquake.TheearthquakeatMw6.0willdamageabout110,782buildingswhichareabout61.00%ofthetotalnumberofbuildings.Atthesametimeanestimated37,617buildingswillbedamagedbeyondrepair.

CollateralHazards

Theremightbeseveralhazardsduetoearthquakewhichmayaffectstructuresaswellasmay causedamage tohuman life and increase economic losses. These collateral hazardsinclude fire, debris generations etc. Following are the possible fire hazards and debrisgenerationthatmayappearduetoearthquakeinDhaka,ChittagongandSylhet.

FireFollowingEarthquake

Firesoftenoccurafteranearthquake.Becauseofthenumberoffiresandthelackofwaterto fight the fires, they can often burn out of control. For this scenario development,possibleestimationhasbeenmadeusingMonteCarlosimulationmodeltogetthenumberofignitionsandtheamountofburntarea.

In Chittagong during an earthquake of 8.5 Mw originated from Plate boundary fault1,therewillbe699ignitionsthatwillburnabout6.54sq.mi11.49%ofthecityarea. It isalsoestimatedthat that the fireswilldisplaceabout315,408peopleandburnabout441(millions of dollars) of building value.On the other hand an earthquake originated fromPlateBoundaryfault2at8.0Mwwillberesponsiblefor648ignitionsthatwillburnabout5.87sq.mi10.31%ofthecity.Itisalsoestimatedthatthefireswilldisplaceabout312,052people and burn about 433 (millions of dollars) of building value. The earthquake iforiginatedfromunderthecityof6.0Mwwillberesponsiblefor699ignitionsthatwillburnabout6.24sq.mi10.96%ofthecity.Themodelalsoestimatesthatthefireswilldisplaceabout314,421peopleandburnabout437(millionsofdollars)ofbuildingvalue.


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DebrisGeneration

Estimatedtheamountsofdebristhatwillbegeneratedbytheearthquakearecategirizedintotwogeneralcategories:

a) Brick/Wood

b) ReinforcedConcrete/Steel.

This distinction is made because of the different types of material handling equipmentrequiredtohandlethedebris.

During an earthquake of 8.5 Mw originated from Plate boundary fault1, a total of13,350.00 million tons of debris will be generated. Out of this, Brick/Wood comprises32.00%, with the remainder being Reinforced Concrete/Steel. If the debris tonnage isconverted to an estimated number of truckloads, it will require 534,000,000 truckloads(@25tons/truck)toremovethedebrisgeneratedbytheearthquake.Ontheotherhandanearthquake originated from Plate Boundary fault2 at 8.0 Mw will be responsible for2,079.00 million tons of debris of which Brick/Wood comprises 29.00%, with theremainder being Reinforced Concrete/Steel. If the debris tonnage is converted to anestimatednumberoftruckloads,itwillrequire83,160,000truckloads(@25tons/truck)toremovethedebrisgeneratedbytheearthquake.Theearthquakeiforiginatedfromunderthecityof6.0Mw,willgenerateanestimated5,423.00milliontonsofdebris. Outof thetotal amount, Brick/Wood comprises 31.00% of the total, with the remainder beingReinforcedConcrete/Steel. If thedebris tonnage isconvertedtoanestimatednumberoftruckloads,itwillrequire217,160,000truckloads(@25tons/truck)toremovethedebrisgeneratedbytheearthquake.

2.4.POTENTIALCASUALTIESINDIFFERENTSCENARIOSOFEARTHQUAKE

In order to take necessary preparation by different agencies, during earthquake studyunderCDMP,thenumbersofpeoplethatwillbeinjuredandkilledbytheearthquakehavebeenestimated into four (4) severity levels that describe theextent of the injuries. Thelevelsaredescribedasfollows;

SeverityLevel1:Injurieswillrequiremedicalattentionbuthospitalizationisnotneeded.

SeverityLevel2:Injurieswillrequirehospitalizationbutarenotconsideredlifethreatening

SeverityLevel3:Injurieswillrequirehospitalizationandcanbecomelifethreateningifnotpromptlytreated.

SeverityLevel4:Victimsarekilledbytheearthquake.

The casualty estimations are for two times of day: 2:00 AM and 2:00 PM. These timesrepresenttheperiodsofthedaythatdifferentsectorsofthecommunityareattheirpeak


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occupancy loads. The2:00AMestimate considers that the residential occupancy load ismaximum and the 2:00 PM estimate considers that the educational, commercial andindustrial sector loads aremaximum. Following are the description on the casualties inChittagongduringdifferenttimeondifferentscenarios.

During an earthquake at 8.5 Mw originated from Plate Boundary Fault1 at night time,about 15 thousand people will be killed immediately after the earthquake. About 7thousand people will require hospitalization and can become life threatening if notpromptly treated, about 46 thousand people will require hospitalization but are notconsideredlifethreateningandabout141thousandpeoplewillrequiremedicalattentionlikefirstaidorsomekindoftreatment. Similarlyabout2thousandpeoplewillbekilled,two thousand three hundred need to be hospitalized on a critical condition, fourteenthousandneedtobehospitalizedonmoderateinjuriesandabout45thousandpeoplewillrequiremedicalattentionifthereisanearthquakeat8.0MwfromplateboundaryFault2.Duringanearthquakeoriginatedfromunderthecityat6.0Mw,about5thousandpeoplewilldieimmediately,abouttwothousandpeoplewillneedtobehospitalizedonacriticalcondition, about 14 thousand people will require taking admission in hospital withmoderateinjuriesandabout46thousandpeoplewillrequiremedicalattention.

Table:CasualtiesinChittagongduringdifferentcasesinDifferentTime

TimeandCase

LevelofcasualtiesLevel1 Level2 Level3 Level4

2AM Case1 141,391 46,335 7,436 14,545Case2 16,968 5,430 905 1,780Case3 45,778 14,343 2,328 4,5712PM Case1 130,068 44,785 7,919 15,370Case2 14,923 4,875 858 1,660Case3 41,863 13,662 2,392 4,639

Source:Hazus calculationbasedondatabase,engineeringgeologyandseismichazard

An earthquake at 8.5 Mw originated from Plate Boundary Fault1 by day time, will killabout 15 thousand people will be killed immediately after the earthquake. About 7thousand people will require hospitalization and can become life threatening if notpromptly treated, about 46 thousand people will require hospitalization but are notconsideredlifethreateningandabout130thousandpeoplewillrequiremedicalattentionlikefirstaidorsomekindoftreatment.Similarlyaboutonethousandsixhundredpeoplewill be killed, nine three hundred need to be hospitalized on a critical condition, five


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thousandneedtobehospitalizedonmoderateinjuriesandabout15thousandpeoplewillrequiremedicalattentionifthereisanearthquakeat8.0MwfromplateboundaryFault2.Duringanearthquakeoriginatedfromunderthecityat6.0Mw,about5thousandpeoplewilldieimmediately,abouttwothousandpeoplewillneedtobehospitalizedonacriticalcondition, about 14 thousand people will require taking admission in hospital withmoderateinjuriesandabout42thousandpeoplewillrequiremedicalattention.

2.5. POSSIBLEAVAILABILITYOFHOSPITALBEDAFTERANEARTHQUAKE

During scenario development for three cities, available hospital beds and other facilitiesareconsidered.Basedonthese,followingisalikelyscenarioofhospitalstocopewiththesituation.

CurrentlyinChittagongthereareabout21,664hospitalbedsavailableforuse.Onthedayafteranearthquakeat8.5Mw,only1,814hospitalbeds(8%)willbeavailableforusebypatientsalreadyinthehospitalandthoseinjuredbytheearthquake.Afteroneweek,15%ofthebedswillbebackinservice.By30days,20%willbeoperational.Afteranearthquakeat8.0Mw,about15,680hospitalbeds(72%)willbeavailableforusebypatientsalreadyinthehospitalandthoseinjuredbytheearthquakeonthefirstday.Graduallyafteroneweek,83%ofthebedswillbebackinserviceandby30days,92%willbeoperational.Afterandearthquakeat6.0Mw , themodel estimates thatonly8,774hospital beds (41%)will beavailable forusebypatientsalready inthehospitalandthose injuredbytheearthquake.After one week, 53% of the beds will be back in service. By 30 days, 72% will beoperational.

2.6.ESSENTIALFACILITIESDAMAGE

Duringanearthquakeat8.5Mworiginated fromPlateBoundary,125out162hospitals/clinicswillbecompletelydamaged.At thesame time734schools,oneEOC,10outof11policestationsand8outof12 firestationswillbetotallydamaged.Noneofthe facilitieswillbefunctionalonthefirstdayofearthquake.


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Table:ExpectedDamagetoEssentialFacilitiesinChittagongCityCorporationArea

Classification Total

#Facilities

AtLeastModerateDamage>50%

CompleteDamage>50%

WithFunctionality>50%onday1

Chittagong:Case1

Hospitals 162 132 125 0

Schools 1,033 816 734 0

EOCs 1 1 1 0

PoliceStations 11 10 10 0

FireStations 12 12 8 0

Chittagong:Case2

Hospitals 162 13 0 127

Schools 1,033 78 4 839

EOCs 1 0 0 1



Chittagong:Case3

Hospitals 162 63 4 97

Schools 1,033 399 61 541

EOCs 1 0 0 1



Source:Hazuscalculationbasedondatabase,engineeringgeologyandseismichazard

About13hospital andclinics,78schoolsandoneeachofpoliceand fire stationswillbemoderately damaged if there is an earthquake at 8.0 Mw from plate boundary Fault2.Duringanearthquakeoriginatedfromunderthecityat6.0Mw,61schoolsand4hospitals


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will be completely damaged. However, during this situation most of the facilities willremainunderoperationonethefirstdayoftheearthquake.

2.7.UTILITYDAMAGEINCHITTAGONGCITYCORPORATIONAREA

The following tables provide information on the damage to the utility lifeline systems.Table 532 provides damage to the utility system facilities. While table 533 providesestimates on thenumberof leaks andbreaksby thepipelines of theutility systems. Forelectric power and potable water, HAZUS performs a simplified system performanceanalysis.

Table:ExpectedUtilitySystemFacilityDamageinChittagongCityCorporationArea

System

Scenario1

NumberofLocations

Scenario2

NumberofLocations

Scenario3

NumberofLocations

Total

Number

Withat

LeastModerate

Dam

age

WithCompleteDam

age

WithFunctionality>50%

Total

Number

Withat

LeastModerate

Dam

age

WithCompleteDam

age


Total

Number

Withat

LeastModerate

Dam

age

WithCompleteDam

age


After

Day

1

After

Day

7

After

Day

1

After

Day

7

After

Day

1

After

Day

7

PotableWater

72 72 4 0 5 72 0 0 46 72 72 72 0 0 14

NaturalGas

22 22 2 0 0 22 0 0 9 22 22 22 0 0 0

ElectricalPower

28,40728,407 0 012,029 28,407 0 0 13,682 28,407 28,40727,608 0 0 28,405

Communication

5 5 0 0 1 5 0 0 4 5 5 5 0 0 5


Duringanearthquakeat8.5Mworiginated fromPlateBoundary, therewillbemoderatedame in all systems like potable water, natural gas, electric power and communication.During this time potable water system will be completely damaged in 4 locations andnaturalgassystemin2points.Atthesametimetherewillbe320leaksand407breaksin


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watersupplynetwork,131leaksand59breaksinwastewaternetworkand104leaksand125breaksingassupplynetwork.

Table:ExpectedUtilitySystemPipelineDamageinChittagongCityCorporationArea

System

Scenario1 Scenario2 Scenario3

TotalPipelinesLength(km)

Numberof

Leaks

Numberof

Breaks


Numberof

Leaks

Numberof

Breaks


Numberof

Leaks

Numberof

Breaks

PotableWater

542 320 407 542 17 53 542 38 120

WasteWater

34 131 59 34 2 0 34 5 6

NaturalGas

217 104 125 217 5 16 217 11 34


Duringanearthquakeoriginatedfromunderthecityat6.0Mw,therewillbe38leaksand120breaksinwatersupplynetwork,5leaksand6breaksinwastewaternetworkand11leaksand34breaksingassupplynetwork.


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CHAPTER3: CONCEPTOFOPERATIONS

3.1.GENERALOPERATIONS

MuchhasbeenwritteninregardstoBangladeshsvulnerabilitytoanumberofnaturalandmanmadedisasters.WhilecyclonesandfloodsmayposethegreatestrisktoBangladeshatanationallevel,ithasbeenidentifiedthattheNorthEasternandSouthEasternregionsofBangladesh are vulnerable to earthquake (BangladeshDisasterRiskManagement Profile2006).Aspertheseismicmacrozonationstudies,urbanareassuchasChittagong,Sylhet,Dhaka,Rangpur,Bogra,Mymensingh,Comilla,Rajshahiarelocatedwithinpossibleseismicactive zone. Although some level of awareness is raised among population by variousinstitutions the country is far behind the minimum preparedness level to face such adisaster occurrence in any of such urban areas. This chapter provides a more detailedindicationofthecurrentsituationwithregardstopotentialearthquakeemergenciesunderwhich this plan operates and the principles of operation that are utilised withinBangladesh.

ManagementPrinciples

InthedraftNationalPolicyforDM,thehighestpriorityduringandafteradisasterhasbeenaccordedtoresponse,reliefandimmediaterecoveryofessentialservices,andtomediumand longer term reconstruction and rehabilitation to a higher standard than before theoccurrenceofthedisaster.

In theemergencyphase,main focusof theagencies involved in first responder functionsandmanagingtheearthquakeemergencysituationwillbeto:

Savelives Providehumanitarianassistancetovictims Restorationoflifelinefacilitiestoreduceorminimizethehardships

OperatiOnsPrinciples

In the predisaster phase the DMB will play a lead role in coordinating and ensuringpreparedness of first responder organizations for effective management of responseactivitiesinpartnershipwithotherstakeholderagencies.DuringdisasterstheArmedForceDivisionwilltaketheleadroleinrespondingtotheemergencysituation.Themainfunctionof Search and Rescue of victimswill be handled by AFDwith support from FSCD. Para


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military forces, Police and community first responders will assist the professional S&RpersonnelemployedbyFSCDandAFD.

TheReliefandwelfareofvictimsduringdisasterswillbehandledbytheDRR.Inreliefandtemporarysheltermanagement,strictadherencewillbeensuredtosocialjustice,equitabledistributionofrelief,neutralityandimpartialityintheprovisionofassistanceandrespectfor thedignity,valuesandcultureofaffectedpersons.DueconsiderationwillbegiventoactivitieswithrespecttoInternallyDisplacedPersons(IDPs)asaresultofearthquakesandcollateral hazards associated with primary and secondary events. DMB and DRR willcoordinatewithMinistryofFood&DisasterManagementasrequired.

Currently,thereareseveralministriesandagencieshandlingdifferentfunctionsrelatedtopostdisaster recovery, rehabilitationandreconstruction.During thepostdisasterperiodDMBwill coordinate on behalf of the MoFDMwith all these ministries and agencies asrelevant, inplanningthelongtermrecoveryandtoreviewthesuccessofplanoperationsfornecessarymortifications.

CapacityAssessment

The shortfalls in existing capacities for responding to the needs during the disastersituation will be tied to a scenario based assessment and can be analysed only afterproduction of hazard, vulnerability maps and loss estimation using HAZUS. Thecapacityof respective first responderorganizationsneeded to respond to such scenarioswill be determined against the potential earthquake events (of magnitude xyz) thatimpact the cities of Dhaka, Chittagong, and Sylhet. The devastating effects, severity ofimpactswill be comparedagainst the abilityof first responderorganizations in termsoftheir manpower, equipment, material, location of institutions and proximity to thepotentialzonesofhighimpact,healthcareneedsformasscasualtytreatment,andallotherneedstorespondtoearthquakeemergencies.

3.2.STANDARDOPERATINGPROCEDURES(SOP)

National Earthquake Contingency Plan is a plan for management of earthquakeemergencies of any magnitude which describes the management arrangements;relationships;strategiesandmechanismsforensuringeffectiveresponsetotheearthquakeemergencysituationsifandwhentheyoccur, indifferentscenarios.TheSOPsareneededto:


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Executethecommandcontrolstructure forplan implementationandhighlight theoperating procedures of the plan in relation to respective first responderorganisations

DevelopareportingstructurebetweentheNationalEmergencyOperationsCenterandfirstresponderorganisations

Guidetheindividualswithinthefirstresponderorganizationswhoaremembersofthe overall response structure to discharge the assigned roles of the institutioneffectively

Standing Operating Procedures (SOPs) should guide the respective first responderorganization to effectively discharge the assigned responsibility of each organisation oragencythathasaroletoplaywithinthisNationalEarthquakeContingencyPlan.TheSOPsfor each responder organization have been developed and provided in the Agency levelContingencyPlans.

The individual agencies are supposed to further expand the SOPs to reflect the verticallevel functional responsibilities and horizontal level coordination, control & commandstructurewithintheorganization.

Through the SOPs, the first responder organizations under the National EarthquakeContingencyPlanshoulddevelopareportingstructuretoreporttotheNationalEmergencyOperationsCenter.

The National Emergency Operations Center, which is being established separately, willdealwithindetailthetasksofEmergencyOperations,includingallactivitiesrangingfromearly warning through immediate recovery of essential services and public utilities,coveringindetailtheemergencyresponseandoperationsprocedureformultistakeholderresponseindisasteroremergencysituationsindifferentscenarios.Incaseofearthquakes,since there is no time for earlywarning the response functionswill start soon after theoccurrence of earthquake but contingency plan has to be activated through anannouncementbytheHon.PrimeMinisterontheadviseontheSecretary,MinistryofFoodandDisastermanagementandtheDirectorGeneralofDisasterManagementBureau(DMB).

3.3.STAKEHOLDERS

Thereareanumberof institutions(ministries,departments, lineagenciesetc.)whohavecrucialrolestoplayduringthedisastersituation.Suchinstitutionsarethekeystakeholdersofthiscontingencyplanandtheymustbeinvolvedineverystepoftheplandevelopmentprocess. Each stakeholder has different types and levels of functional responsibilityassociatedwiththecomprehensiveearthquakecontingencyplan.Table3.1showsarange


328

of different stakeholders and the functions they are supposed to carry out during thedisastereventsaswellasintheplandevelopmentandimplementationprocess.

Table3.1:StakeholdersofNationalEarthquakeContingencyManagement

AGENCY BROADAGENCYLEVELFUNCTIONS

Ministry of Food and DisasterManagement(MoFDM)

Planadministration M&E

DisasterManagementBureau(DMB) Plandevelopment,reviewandrevisions CoordinationamongstakeholdersandfacilitatedevelopmentofAgencylevelplans

organizetrainingandpublicawarenessactivitiesrelatedtoplanimplementation

operateanemergencyoperationcenter facilitatepreparationofUnion,ThanaandDistrictlevelDM

plans

Directorate of Relief and Rehabilitation(DRR)

ReliefOperationsandwelfareofvictimsafterdisasterevents

MaintenanceofCampsfordisplaced ExecutionofRehabilitationschemes AssistanceforContingencyPlanDevelopment AssistanceforDMplanpreparationofUnion,Thanaand

Districtlevels

ArmedForcesDivision(AFD) EnsureSafetyandsecurityofVictimsduringdisasterevents

SearchandRescue(S&R)operations Responseactionssuchasdistributionoffood,water,

medicinesandfirstaidassistance, SupporttheactionsbyGovt.agenciestoensurethewelfare

ofvictims Securityforcriticalfacilities PostdisasterimmediateRecoveryactions AssistanceforRehabilitationofmostessential

Infrastructure

Fire Services and Civil DefenceDirectorate(FSCD)

Firefighting SearchandRescue Logisticsassistance SupporttheactivitiesundertakenbyGovt.agenciesand

AFD

BangladeshPolice(BP) Maintenanceoflaw&order


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SafetyofVictims Trafficcontrolduringemergencies

City Corporations/ Office of theCommissioners

AssistancetoGovt.agenciesandAFDforensuringthesafetyandwelfareofvictimsduringdisasterevents

Assistincleaninganddisposalofdebrisduringdisasterevents

UndertakeCitydevelopmentprojectstoensuresafetyofcitydwellers

UndertakemeasurestoensureConservancy,sanitationwithinthecity

Maintenanceofopenareas,greenareas,parks,recreationetcofcitydwellers

Directorate General of Health services(DGHS)

Healthandhygiene Medicalcareofvictims Triage Recoveryprogramassistance Psychosocialactivitiesforvictimfamilies

Bangladesh Power Development Board(BPDB)

Emergencypowersupplytocriticalfacilities Restorationofpowersupply

WaterandSewageAuthority(WASA) Emergencywatersupply RehabilitationofWatersupplylines,storage,pumpingstations

CityDevelopmentAuthorities Approvalofbuildingpermits Mitigationandpreparednessmeasuresthroughphysicalplanning

Landusecontrol Recoveryprogramassistance

GasSupplyAgencies Restorationoffacilities RehabilitationandreconstructionBangladesh TelecommunicationRegulatoryCommission(BTRC)

Emergencytelecommunication Restorationofdestroyedfacilities EmergencytelephonefacilitiesforEmergencyResponse

personnel

RoadsandHighwaysAgencies Restorationofdamagedroads,bridges Rehabilitationandreconstructionoperations EmergencyarrangementsforRoadsector(temporary

bridges,repairsetc.)

Professional bodies(Bangladesh Instituteof Planners, Bangladesh Institute ofArchitects, Bangladesh Institute ofEngineers, Real Estate & HousingAssociation of Bangladesh (REHAB),other Professional Bodies, individualConsultants

Recoveryprogramdesignassistance Rehabilitationandreconstructionassistance Research, Planning,Implementationsupport Technologytransfer Knowledgemanagement


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Academia ResearchonVulnerability&Riskassessment Capacitybuilding Technologytransfer AssistanceinRecoveryprogramdesign

Bangladesh Red Crescent Society(BDRCS),InternationalFederationofRedCross and Red Crescent Society (IFRC),NGOs, International NGOs, NonProfitOrganization,ReligiousGroups

AssistanceforContingencyPlanimplementation Welfareofvictims(campmaintenance,healthand

sanitationetc.) Reliefdistribution Communityhealthandsanitation CommunityfirstaidandPhysiosocialsupportforvictim

families Awarenesscreationandsocialmarketing Communityandhouseholdlevelpreparedness

CommunityBasedOrganizations(CBOs) Communitylevelreliefandresponseactivities Awarenesscreationandsocialmarketing Communityandhouseholdlevelpreparedness

Media Publicawareness Informationdissemination Situationreportsandearlywarningdissemination

PrivateSector Resources Training&Education Planimplementationsupport

Donoragencies ProvisionofResources

UNagencies Technicalassistanceforresponseandearlyrecovery GuidanceonInternationalconventions Resourcesforearlyrecovery

Several formal and informal meetings, consultations were conducted to identify keystakeholdersandtheirmandatesandpossiblerolesduringdisastereventsaspartof thiscontingency plan development process. Many agencies participated in the process withclearmandatesandrolesfordisasterresponse.However,someofthemparticipatedintheprocesswithorwithoutclearagencymandates;becauseoforganizationmissions;concernforsafety;communityresponsibilities.Whenfinalconsiderationsaremadeoninstitutionalmandates, considerationmust be given to thosewho do not havemandates, in order tocreateappropriatemandates.Whensuchmandatesarecreated,initiativeshouldbemadetointegratethesameintotheprocesseffectively.

3.4.MANAGEMENT

Successful preparation and implementation of the Plan requires a welldesignedmanagement framework, including the four phases of good management: leadership,planning, organizing, and monitoring and review. The Earthquake Contingency


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The MoFDM has been set up to:

facilitate implementation of DM projects and programs;

design and implement programs; coordinate Monitoring and Evaluation of

DRM programs; and, Provide technical assistance and

administrative support. Box 8

management plan has paid special attention to create a comprehensive and effectivemanagementstructure.

Leadershipforplanmanagement

TheGovernmentofBangladeshhasmadeastrongcommitmenttotheprotectionoflifeand property of the people and theenvironment of Bangladesh from theconsequencesofdisasters. TheMinistryofFood&DisasterManagement on behalf ofthe Government of Bangladesh shall takethe lead role in disaster riskmanagementactivitiesasshowninthebox8.

TheMinistryofFood&DisasterManagementshallundertaketheleadershipresponsibilityforimplementationoftheNationalEarthquakeContingencyPlanendorsedbytheNationalCouncil for Disaster Management (NCDM) and the Disaster Management Bureau (DMB)willcoordinatetheprocessofcontingencyplandevelopmentwiththesupportofallotherstakeholdersfacilitatingallefforts.

Planningprocess

ThetasksshownontheNationalEarthquakeContingencyPlandemandcarefulplanningtoaccomplishtheresultsexpected. Incompliancewiththecurrentmandatoryprovisions,anumberofCluster s/committeeshavebeenestablished to facilitateplan implementation.Thereportingmechanismforreportingthereadinessoffirstresponderagencieshasbeenestablished. The reports should reach the Secretary, Ministry of Food & DisasterManagement foronwardreporting toNationalCouncil forDisasterManagement (NCDM)for further advice and guidance. The Disaster Management Bureau (DMB) will be theoperationalarmofMinistryofFood&DisasterManagementincoordinatingoperationsforachievingprogrammegoalsandobjectivesnecessary toaccomplish the tasks included intheNationalEarthquakeContingencyPlan.WiththeguidanceandapprovaloftheMinistryof Food&DisasterManagementandNationalCouncil forDisasterManagement (NCDM),the DMB will undertake various interventions to mainstream National EarthquakeContingencyPlantasksasacomponentofdevelopmentplanning.

AWorkingGrouphasbeenappointedasafollowuptotheRoundTableMeetingofvariouskey stakeholders which was participated also by the Secretary, Ministry of Food and


332

Disaster Management. The Round Table Meeting was participated by Heads of theinstitutionswhich have key roles in earthquake disaster riskmanagement.Members fortheWorkingGrouparebeingnominatedby these institutions forcontinuousupdateandplanning to the contingency plan, and regular monitoring of its implementation. Themembers of the working Group include specialists, technical experts and membersrepresentingdifferentstakeholderagencieshandlingdifferentaspectsofearthquakeriskmanagement. This Working Group also provides advice in specific contingency planactivitiesandfunctionsattherespectivelevels.

3.5.MONITORINGANDEVALUATION

Theplanhasidentifiedspecificelementsandtaskstooperationalizetheplananddevelopaworkplanforthefuture.TheMonitoringandEvaluationPlan(M&E)shouldbepartoftheoverall work plan for implementation of the National Earthquake Contingency Plan.MonitoringandevaluationofeachstepidentifiedintheworkplanisnecessarytoensurethattheContingencyPlangoalsandobjectivesarebeingmet.Abenchmarkstudypriortoproject initiationandreviewof standardsandguidelinesapplicable to respectiveprojectprovidesevaluationcriteriaagainstwhichprojectmilestonescanbemeasured.Monitoringagainst the established evaluation criteria may be carried out in a number of ways:reportingrequirements;fieldvisits;progressreportsforeachactivityintheworkplan;anddevelopment of a reporting system for reporting the readiness of First ResponderOrganizations. The regular reports submitted to DMB by First Responder Organizationswillhelpincomparisonofstatusagainstinitialevaluationcriteria.

Regularmonitoringandevaluationenableschangesindirection,refinementofapproachesandeliminationofunproductiveactivities.Italsowillhelptoimprovetheresourcebaseintermsofmanpower, equipment etc. The capacity buildingprograms should address themanpowerneedsoftheFirstResponderOrganizations.Monitoringandevaluationshouldbedoneonaregularbasis(maybebiannually)andorfollowingmajordisasterevents.ThePlantaskshavetobereviewedagainsttheexpectedoutcomeandmodificationsshouldbeexecutedinareaswhereimprovementsareneeded.

3.6.FUNCTIONALRESPONSECONCEPT

Aftertheoccurrenceofadamagingearthquakeanditsimpactonacommunity,therewillbeahugetaskofdifferentemergencyresponseactivitiesstartingfromdamageassessmentandneedanalysis(DANA),controloffires,rescueoftrappedpersons,treatmentofinjuredtoprovidingsheltersandreliefsuppliestothedisplacedpeople.Thefollowingisthelistofkeyresponseactivitiesafteranyearthquakedisaster.


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GeneralSearchandRescue SpecialistSearchandRescue HealthandMedicalService Requestforexternalassistanceforsearchandrescue LawEnforcement&Security EmergencyShelter&MassCare Firefighting/Rescue Communications DamageAssessment Identification,Care&DisposalofDead(Coroner) HazardousMaterialResponse ReliefCoordination Reliefdistribution Health&WelfareofVisitors Buildinginspection&demolition InspectionofBridgesoverpasses,debris,etc InspectionofSilos,smokestackspetroleumtankFarmsetc Inspectionofdams,reservoirsetc PublicInformationannouncements&warnings Transportation FinanceandClaims Restoration Utilities PollutionofWaterways&MarineEnvironments ImpactAssessment

Theseemergencytaskscanbegrouped intoanumberof functionalgroupsasaplanningvehiclethroughwhichresponsibilitiescanbeassignedtoagroupofrelevantorganizationsforleadandsupportfunctions.Whenclusteringthemintofunctionalgroupsattemptswillhavetobemadetoidentifyinstitutionsresponsibleforeachactivity.Assigningfunctionalresponsibilities to clusters and identifying lead and support institutions needed foreasiness of operations,maintain the command, control structure and undertake trainingand capacity building operations by fixing the accountability to lead agencies in eachcluster.

3.7.FUNCTIONALGROUPS/CLUSTERS

Usually many agencies are involved in accomplishing the above mentioned responseactivities immediatelyafteroccurrenceofearthquake.However, experienceshaveshownthat these response activities are extremely complicated andno single agency alone canperformanyoftheresponseactivitiesfully;allrelatedorganizationshavetoworktogetherin a coordinatedmanner for optimum and efficient response. All agencies need towork


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togetherinasystematicmannersothattheircapacitiesandresourcesarebestutilizedtofulfil the need complimenting and supplementing other agencies. Realizing the need ofcoordinatedandcomprehensiveemergencyresponse,UnitedNationshasbeenpromotingitshumanitarianresponseactivities ina clusterapproach.Thisapproach isproved tobeeffective and efficient in responding to recentdisasters for example the responseduringOct. 8, 2005 earthquake in Pakistan. Hence, it has been decided that this concept ofresponseoperationsinfunctionalclustersbeappliedinBangladeshalsoincaseofpossibleearthquakedisaster.

Inthisapproach,allresponseactivitiesaregroupedintorelevantfunctionalclustersbasedon the similarityofworks,normal timeanddisaster timemandatesofdifferent relevantorganizationsandpossiblecomplimentarityintheresourcesandcapacities.

With the inputs from several formal and informal consultative meetings with keystakeholders, Round Table andWorking GroupMeetings, and also from the guidance ofTechnical Advisory Group of this Contingency Plan development process, the differentfunctionalresponsegroups(clusters)decidedtobeappliedinBangladeshareincludedinBox9.

Main response activities to be performed and identified lead agency for each of thefunctionalresponsegroupsarelistedinthefollowingTable:

OperationalFunctionalGroups

Emergency Operations Cluster 1 Overall CommandandCoordination

EmergencyOperationsCluster2Search,RescueandEvacuation

HealthCluster Relief Services (Food, Nutrition and other Relief)

Cluster Shelter(IncludingCampManagement)Cluster WaterSupply,SanitationandHygieneCluster RestorationofUrbanServicesCluster Transport(Road,Rail,Air,Sea)Cluster SecurityandWelfareCluster

Box9


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Table3.2FunctionalResponseGroups(Clusters),MajorActivitiesandIdentifiedLeadAgencies

FunctionalClusters

Activitiestobeperformed Leadagency GlobalClusterPartners(proposed)

EmergencyOperationsCluster 1 OverallCommandandCoordination

Notificationofearthquakeoccurrenceto/fromconcernedauthorities

ConductrapidDamageandNeedsAssessment,compileemergencyresponseneedsandcoordinateforappeals

Operationalizationofagency,cityetc.levelEmergencyOperationsCenters(EOCs)

Facilitationandcoordinationforresponseoperationso Command,control,Coordination

amongresponseinstitutionso Maintainproperchainofcommando Facilitationforlogisticsandrelief

transporto Leadandoperationalzingthe

IncidentCommandSystem(ICS)o Compilereportsregardingresponse

operations Informationdissemination(media)and

communication

MoFDM(NationalEOC)

UNOCHA,UNRC

EmergencyOperationsCluster 2 Search,Rescue andEvacuation

LightSearchandRescueattheneighbourhoodlevel

Specializedsearchandrescue Rubbleremoval FirstAid&FirstMedicalResponseto

provideemergencymedicaltreatment Fieldlevelvictimtriaging VictimTransportation Medicalcareofvictimsandinjured

people Evacuationfromhazardousareas Firesafety&rescue

FSCD IFRC

RestorationofUrbanServicesCluster

Quickrestorationofcriticalservices(electricity,communication,transportationandothercriticalservices)

Detaildamageassessmentofbuildings,infrastructuresandotherfacilities

Restorationandrehabilitationofutilitiesandservices

CityCorporations

UNDP


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FunctionalClusters


HealthCluster PreparednessplanningforHospitals ArrangementsforMedicareforinjured Childcareandreproductivehealth Medicareforsickpeople CounselingandPsychosocialtrauma

support Mortuaryservices Epidemiccontrol Immunization

DGHealthservices

WHO

ReliefServices(Food,Nutrition andother Relief)Cluster

Needsanalysissurvey(toidentifyneedsforvictims)

Supplyanddistributionoffooditems Supplyanddistributionofnonfoodand

otherreliefitems

DRR UNICEF,IFRC,WFP

Security andWelfareCluster

Managementofdead&Missing Securityarrangements,Maintenanceof

lawandorder Security(securityofpeopleand

properties) Trafficcontrol MaintenanceofInformationondead

andmissing Identificationandreunificationof

displacedpeople

BP

UNHCR/OHCHR/UNICEF

Shelter(IncludingCampManagement)Cluster

Establishmentoftemporaryshelters Collectionanddistributionof

emergencyshelteritemseg.tents,tarpaulinsetc.andassistancetopeopleforerectingsuchemergencyshelters

Identificationofpeoplethoseneedingsheltersincamps

IdentificationofCampsfordisplaced Sheltermanagement Maintenanceofinformationrelatedto

IDPs

AFD IFRC

UNHCR

IOM

WaterSupply,Sanitationand HygieneCluster

RapidDamageassessment RestorationofWatersupply&

drainage Sanitation Wastedisposal

CityCorporations

UNICEF

Vulnerabilityassessment Damageassessmentandplanningforrestorationoftransportationfacilities


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FunctionalClusters


Transport(Road, Rail,Air, Sea)Cluster

connectedwitho Roadtransportationo Railtransportationo Airtransportationo Seatransportation

Arrangementsforquickrestorationoftransportationfacilities

BRTA, CAAB,BR,CPA

UNDP,WFP

3.8.PLANCONTRIBUTORS

Current public andprivate sector institutions,which are actively involved in earthquakeriskmanagementactivities,are(butnotlimitedto):

ArmedForcesDivision(AFD) BangladeshFireService&CivilDefense(FSCD) BangladeshPolice(BP) BangladeshAnsar&VDP CityCorporationsandAuthorities DepartmentofReliefandRehabilitation(DRR) DisasterManagementBureau(DMB) DirectorateGeneralofHealthServices(DGHS) DhakaPowerDistributionCompany(DPDC) WaterSupplyandSewerageAuthority(WASA) TitasGasTransmissionandDistributionCo.Ltd. BangladeshPowerDevelopmentBoard(BPDB) OfficeofCommissionersintheDhaka,Chittagong,Sylhetcitycorporation AnjumaneMofidulIslam,Bangladesh(AMI) BangladeshRoadandTransportAuthority(BRTA) GeologicalSurveyofBangladesh(GSB) InstituteofArchitectsBangladesh(IAB) InstitutionofEngineersBangladesh(IEB) BangladeshInstituteofPlanners(BIP) BangladeshGarmentManufacturersandExportersAssociation(BGMEA)


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RealEstate&HousingAssociationofBangladesh(REHAB) FederationofBangladeshChambersofCommerce(FBCCI) BangladeshTelecommunicationsCompanyLimited(BTCL) ElectronicandPrintMedia VariousMobileCompanies:GrameenPhone,AKTEL,Banglalink,CityCell,TeleTalk) NGOs: International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent (IFRC), Oxfam GB

BangladeshProgram,CAREBangladesh, IslamicReliefWorldwide (IR),ActionAidBangladesh (AAB), Bangladesh Disaster Preparedness Centre (BDPC), BangladeshRedCrescentSociety(BDRCS),etc.


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CHAPTER4: FUNCTIONALRESPONSEGROUPSANDTHEIRROLESANDRESPONSIBILITIES

4.1.CLUSTER1EMERGENCYOPERATIONSOVERALLCOMMANDANDCOORDINATIONCLUSTER

Objective: To prepare a framework for integrated response efforts by formulating a well coordinatedsystemforreductionofimpactsofpotentialearthquakeeventsClusterLead:ChittagongCityCorporationResponsibleMinistry:MinistryofLocalGovernmentandRuralDevelopmentMainTasksassignedtoleadandsupportagencies:1) Network with National Emergency Operations Centre (NEOC), contributions to NEOC functions andperiodicreportingonreadiness2)ContributionstodisastereventresponsereportingsystemInstitutional3) ICSdevelopmentatvarious levels 4)Participate intheCommand,Control,CoordinationStructure 5)Networkwithotheragenciesforinformationdissemination

Activities LeadAgency SupportAgencies/Institutions

Pre

disasterPhase

Development of StandardOperationProcedure(SOP)

CCC AFD,FSCD,Ansar&VDP,RAB,BDR

Establish National level 24/7 NationalEmergency Operation Centre (National EOC)and participate in EOC operations andreportingofreadiness

CCC FSCD,AFD

Setting up earthquake Incident CommandSystems (ICS) in place(establishment, trainingandcapacitybuilding)whereappropriate

CCC FSCD,Ansar&VDP,RAB,BDR,

Organize ICS training and nominaterepresentativestoparticipateinICSestablishedatvariouslevels

CCC FSCD,Ansar&VDP,BDR

Develop a disaster event response reportingsystem by stakeholder agencies (impacts,resource needs, actions by them for reducingthe impact, difficulties, opportunities etc)duringearthquake/anyotherdisasterevent

CCC Ansar&VDP,RAB,DCOffice,BDR

PromotionofinformaleducationonearthquakeContingency Plan operations at all levels andconductsimulations

CCC NGOs

Develop guidelines for media agencies onreportingdisastereventsproceduresforpublicinformation dissemination related toemergency declaration, announcements &warnings on after shocks and disseminatepublic awareness & advocacy material tosupport contingency planning andimplementation

CCC

Office of Deputy Commissioner,Bangladesh Television, BangladeshBetar, Private TV channels, Radiochannels,LocalNewspapers


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Emergency

Response

Phase

Facilitate mobilization of earthquake incidentcommand system where necessary under thecommand of AFD and Networking withorganizationsunderICS

CCCFSCD, AFD, DRR, CMP, BR, BPDB,CWASA, BGSL, Office of DivisionalCommissioner,OfficeofCivilSurgeon

Execute operation surveillance continuouslycoveringalltheearthquakeaffectedareas

CCC FSCD, AFD, DRR, CMP, BR, BPDB,CWASA, BGSL, Office of DivisionalCommissioner,OfficeofCivilSurgeon

ExpansionofNationalEOCtoaddresstheneedsafter earthquake disaster event and facilitateEOCoperations,Dailyorperiodicreportingbystakeholders

CCCFSCD, AFD, DRR, CMP, BR, BPDB,CWASA, BGSL, Office of DivisionalCommissioner,OfficeofCivilSurgeon

Mobilize ICS teams at lower level commandstructure

CCC FSCD, AFD, DRR, CMP, BR, BPDB,CWASA, BGSL, Office of DivisionalCommissioner,OfficeofCivilSurgeonandLocalNewspapers

Facilitate coordination of logistic supplymanagement

CCC FSCD, AFD, DRR, CMP, BR, CWASA,BGSL, Office of DivisionalCommissioner

Assist authorities for communications withmedia in relation to informationdisseminationon welfare of victims, Missing and found,ResultsonDamageassessmentsurveys,Resultson need assessment surveys and facilitatemediacoveragebymediaagenciesonreportingearthquakedisasterevent

CCC DRR, Office of Deputy Commissioner,Bangladesh Television, BangladeshBetarandLocalNewspapers

Facilitate public information disseminationrelated to emergency declaration,announcements&warningsonaftershocksandrepeat of occurrences of other collateralhazardsduetoaftershocks

CCC DRR, Office of Deputy Commissioner,Bangladesh Television, BangladeshBetar

EarlyRecoveryPhase

Coordinate Operation Surveillance to reduceimpactsduetoaftershocks

CCC AFD, FSCD, DRR, Office of CivilSurgeon, CWASA, BPDB, Office ofDeputyCommissioner

Facilitate coordination of logistic supplymanagement and deployment of resources toaffectedareas,IDPcampsetc

CCC AFD, FSCD, DRR, Office of CivilSurgeon,CWASA,BGSL,BPDB,OfficeofDeputyCommissioner

Conduct Post disaster Evaluation ofperformanceof earthquakeincidentcommandsystemand

recommendimprovements performanceofNationalEOCand

improvementwherenecessary


Facilitate continuationofEOC operations andperiodicreportingduringearlyrecoveryperiodto EOC on involvement of all first responderorganizationsinearthquakeeventmanagementandfornecessaryassistance



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Facilitatemediacoveragebymediaagenciesonreporting of postearthquake disaster eventsituation analysis and facilitate publicinformation dissemination related toemergency declaration, Announcements &warningsonafter shocks andpossible impactsduetocollateralhazards

CCC LocalElectronicandPrintmedia

Assist authorities for communications withmedia in relation to informationdisseminationon welfare of victims, Missing and found,Resultsondamageassessmentsurveys,Resultsonneedassessmentsurveys

CCC DRR,LocalElectronicandPrintmedia

ReviewtheContingencyPlansundertheClusterEmergencyOperationsOverallCommandandCoordination and revise the same to includesuitable modifications to improve theperformance


4.2.EMERGENCYOPERATIONSSEARCH,RESCUE&EVACUATIONCLUSTER

Objectives: Preparationofeffectiveplanforemergencyservices(Search,Rescue&Evacuation,FirstAid,Fire

Safetyetc.)byensuringinteragencycoordinationatnationallevel BuildingtheCapacityofconcernedagenciesanddevelopingnationalguidelinesinthelightof

internationalpracticeClusterLead:CCCResponsibleMinistry:MinistryofLocalGovernmentandRuralDevelopmentMainTasksassignedtoleadandSupportAgencies:1) Search&Rescue 2) Fist aid& FirstMedical Response to provide emergencymedical treatment 3)Triage,stabilizationofvictimsbeforetreatment4)Firesafety&rescue

Activities LeadAgency SupportAgencies/Institutions

Pre

disasterPhase

Develop guidelines for meeting of INSARAGfollowingInternationalUSARGuideline CCC

AFD, BP, Office of DeputyCommission

Cataloguing/procurement of equipment forspecialsearch&rescue&developprocedureforensuringaccess

CCC FSCD, AFD, Office of Civil Surgeon,BDRCS

Capacity building for creating special unitsfor urban search and rescue from collapsedbuildings, infrastructure, Medical FirstResponse


Capacity building of community firstresponder groups in search and rescueoperations,medicalfirstresponse


Develop medicolegal procedure foridentificationandtaggingofdeadbodieswithhealthgroup

CCC FSCD, AFD, Office of Civil Surgeon,BDRCS,NGOs


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Ensurefiresafetypreparations (throughprepositioningoffirehydrants,firestations,landuseplanning,developingdatabaseofsourcesofwater,storageofmaterialetc.)

CCC FSCD, Office of DeputyCommissioner, CDA, CWASA, BPDB,BGSL

Prepositioning of tools , equipment andaccessories get the civil authorities todevelop inventories of such equipmentavailableforuseduringearthquakes

CCC

AFD, FSCD, Office of DeputyCommissioner, LGED, CDA, CWASA,BPDB,BGSL

Prepare resource inventory (equipment,tools, accessories and manpower etc.) andProcurement of necessary tools andequipment for urban S&R operations to filltheagencylevelgaps

CCCFSCD, AFD, Office of Civil Surgeon,DRR,CMP,BangladeshAnsar&VDP,BR,CDA,CWASA,BGSL

Prepare guidelines for logistic supplymanagementanddeploymentofresources CCC

FSCD, AFD, Office of Civil Surgeon,DRR,CMP,BangladeshAnsar&VDP,BR,CDA,CWASA,BGSL

Capabilityassessmentofagencieswhocouldbeinvolvedinsearch&rescueoperations CCC

AFD, FSCD, Office of Civil Surgeon,BDRCS,CMP

Emergency

Response

Phase

Carry out the interagency coordination tooptimize the efforts of Search and Rescueteams by providing necessary guidance andinputs.

CCC AFD,CMP, Bangladesh Ansar & VDP,BDRCS,FSCD

Supervision of compliance to INSARAG andInternationalUSARguidelines CCC

FSCD, AFD, Office of Civil Surgeon,DRR,CMP,BangladeshAnsar&VDP,BR,CDA,CWASA,BGSL

Coordination with national & internationalteams engaged in USAR and coordination ofinformationsupplyandfeedback

CCCAFD, FSCD, Office of Civil Surgeon,BDRCS, Office of DeputyCommissioner,CDA

Mobilize special teams of US&R for searchand rescue from collapsed buildings,infrastructure

CCCAFD, FSCD, Office of Civil Surgeon,BDRCS, Office of DeputyCommissioner

Mobilizing necessary additional manpower,toolsandequipmentforurbanS&Roperationfrom other stations located outside theaffectedarea

CCC AFD, FSCD, Office of Civil Surgeon,BDRCS,CWASA,CMP

Mobilize community based social volunteernetworks and trained first responders fromareasunaffectedtosupporttheS&Rparties

CCC FSCD,BangladeshAnsar&VDP

INSARAG marking should be done by CSSRteam CCC FSCD,AFD

Make arrangements to obtain resourceinventory anddatabase forS&Roperationsandprovidedatabasedonthespatialdataonrapidlossestimation

CCC FSCD, AFD, Office of Civil Surgeon,CDA,CMP,DRR


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EarlyRecoveryPhase

Networkingwith organizations andmobilizesupport for search & rescue operations inareaswhicharedifficulttoreach.

CCC FSCD, AFD, Office of Civil Surgeon,CDA,CMP,DRR,NGOs

Mobilize community based social volunteernetworks and trained community firstresponder groups to assist special unitsmobilized for search and rescue fromcollapsedbuildings,infrastructure

CCC FCSD, CMP, BDRCS, BangladeshAnsar&VDP,OfficeofCivilSurgeon

Make arrangements to Access Resourceinventory items for S&R operations andmobilize support of external groups forsearchandrescueoperations

CCC AFD, DRR, NGOs, Office of CivilSurgeon

M&Eandpostdisasterperformanceevaluationofspecialunitsmobilizedforsearchandrescuefromcollapsedbuildings,infrastructure

interagencycoordinationfunctions Allrelevantemergencyservicesin

operationinearthquakeaffectedareasaimingatreducingthehumancasualties

CCC AFD, FSCD, Office of Civil Surgeon,DRR,CMP,BangladeshAnsar&VDP

Review the Contingency Plans under theCluster Emergency Operations SearchRescue and Evacuatio

earthquake contingency plan for chittagong city

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