htt

p:/

/iesp

ebili

ngue.w

ikis

pace

s.co

m

htt

p:/

/iesp

ebili

ngue.w

ikis

pace

s.co

m

Tectonic plate Placa tectónica Measure Medida

Scale Escala Bump into Chocar contra

Crust Corteza Slide Deslizarse

Wave Ola Shake Sacudir

Plate Placa Knock down Derribar

Seismograph Sismógrafo Rate Puntuar

Risk Riesgo Release Liberar

Damage Daño Spread Extender

Let’s learn some vocabulary before learning about earthquakes!

htt

p:/

/iesp

ebili

ngue.w

ikis

pace

s.co

m

Earthquakes happen when the moving tectonic plates that make up the surface of the Earth move apart or bump into each other, or slide under each other. Most often, this just means a little shaking for a few seconds, and nothing very serious happens.

htt

p:/

/iesp

ebili

ngue.w

ikis

pace

s.co

m

Several times a year, somewhere in the world there is enough movement to shake the earth a lot, and the earthquake knocks down buildings. When the buildings fall on people, many people can be killed in a few minutes. The strongest earthquakes can break trees in half.

htt

p:/

/iesp

ebili

ngue.w

ikis

pace

s.co

m

The Richter scale (or ML scale) rates earthquakes on an exponential scale, so that if an earthquake is rated 1, you can hardly feel it, but an earthquake rated 2 is ten times as strong as an earthquake rated 1, and an earthquake rated 3 is ten times as strong as an earthquake rated 2.

htt

p:/

/iesp

ebili

ngue.w

ikis

pace

s.co

m

htt

p:/

/iesp

ebili

ngue.w

ikis

pace

s.co

m

htt

p:/

/iesp

ebili

ngue.w

ikis

pace

s.co

m An earthquake is caused by a sudden release of energy in the crust. This energy travels in seismic waves. There are two main types:

•body waves: they can travel through the earth's inner layers.

•surface waves: they can only move along the surface of the planet.

htt

p:/

/iesp

ebili

ngue.w

ikis

pace

s.co

m

• The point within Earth where faulting begins is the focus, or hypocenter.

• The point directly above the focus on the surface is the epicenter.

htt

p:/

/iesp

ebili

ngue.w

ikis

pace

s.co

m

Seismographs record earthquake events.

htt

p:/

/iesp

ebili

ngue.w

ikis

pace

s.co

m

•80% of all earthquakes occur in the circum-Pacific belt.•15% occur in the Mediterranean-Asiatic belt.

•5% occur in the interiors of plates and on spreading ridge centers.

htt

p:/

/iesp

ebili

ngue.w

ikis

pace

s.co

m

REDUCE DAMAGE

PREDICTIONStudying the possibility of damage.

Using risk maps.

PREPAREDNESSSafety measures adopted:

Building designs.Population is shown what to do.Police and fire services training.

htt

p:/

/iesp

ebili

ngue.w

ikis

pace

s.co

m

•http://www.visualdictionaryonline.com

•http://elias977.mi-website.es/hpbimg/earthquake-gallery-3.jpg

•http://mishunderstanding.wordpress.com/2011/01/23/what-is-the-richter-scale/

•http://www.visitrockypoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/escala-de-richter.jpg

•http://earthquakesandplates.files.wordpress.com/2008/05/epicenter.gif

•http://visual.merriam-webster.com/

•http://www.geo.mtu.edu/UPSeis/where.html

•http://www.flextegrity.com/images/Foundation3a.jpg