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EARTH SOCEAN

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HOW DID THEOCEANS FORMED?

OPERATION

OCEANMAKING

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ACCORDING TO

ENCHANTEDLEARNING

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3.8 billion

years

ago

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methane (CH3), ammonia (NH3) , w ater vapor (H2O) , and carbon dioxide (CO2) .

The water on Earthstayed in gaseous form

until the planet'ssurface cooled below100 degrees Celsius

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methane (CH3), ammonia (NH3) , w ater vapor (H2O) , and carbon dioxide (CO2) .

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WHY ARE THEOCEANS SALTY?

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As water flows in river s, it

picks u p sma ll amo unt s of minera l sa lt s f rom the ro cks

and soil of the river bed s

This very- slight ly sa lty water

flows into the o cean s andsea s. The water in the o cean s

on ly lea ve s by e vaporating(and the f reezing o f po lar i ce ),

but the sa lt remain s diss olvedin the o cean - it doe s not

e vaporate .

So the remaining water

get s s a ltier and sa ltier as time pa ss e s.

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WHY IS THE OCEAN BLUE?

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ACCORDINGagain TO

ENCHANTED

LEARNING

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red ,orange ,

yellow ,green ,

blue ,violet

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In deep water, muchof the sunlight is

scattered by theoxygen in the water,

and this scatters moreof the blue light .

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Red Sea o f ten loo ks red be caus e o f red a lgae that live in thi s s ea

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Characteristicsof the Ocean

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70 .8% of theEarth'ssurface

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How doe s ocean a ff e cts the weather and temperat u re

They moderate the

Earth' s temperat u re by ab sorbing incoming

so lar radiation

(stored as heat energy )

The a lway s-mo ving ocean cu rrent sdistrib u te thi s heat

energy aro und the globe

This heat s the land

and air du ring w inter and coo ls it du ring su mmer .

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THEOCEANS

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FOUR RECOGNIZED OCEANS(2 000)

P acificAtlantic

IndianArctic

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International HydrographicOrganization delimited a

new ocean(Spring of 2 000)

Southern Ocean(it su rro und s Antar ctica and extend s to 60 degree s latit ude )

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THERE WERE ALREADYFIVE OCEANS

P acific Ocean

Atlantic OceanIndian Ocean

Arctic OceanSouthern Ocean

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OCEAN Area (square miles)

Pacif ic Oc ean 64,186,000

At lanti c Oc ean 33,420,000

Indian Ocean 28,350,000

Southern Ocean 7,848,300

Arctic Oc ean 5,106,000

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P acific Ocean - an ocean bordering ea stern Asia , northea stern Aus tra lia ,Antar ctica , and we stern North and Sou th Ameri ca . It is the bigge st ocean .

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Atlantic Ocean - an ocean bordering we stern Europe , w e stern Af rica ,Antar ctica , and ea stern North and Sou th Ameri ca .

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Indian Ocean - an ocean bordering ea stern Af rica , sou thern Asia , w e stern

Aus tra lia , and Antar ctic

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So uthern Ocean - the ocean bordering Antar ctica and extending f rom 60

degree s latit ude .

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Arctic Ocean - an ocean aro und the North Pole , bordering northern Europe , Asia and North

Ameri ca . It is the sma lle st ocean .

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STRUCTURE OFTHE OCEAN

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Continenta l she lf is an under sea exten sion o f a continent which

can stret ch f or many mi le s ou t to sea in some case s.

It ha s been f ormed f rom the depo sits o f m ud and silt carried

f rom the interior o f the continent s by river s.

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Continenta l slope is a su bmarine geo logi ca l f eat u re which conne cts the continenta l she lf to the aby ssa l p lain ,beginning at a depth o f aro und 460

f eet (140 meter s)

This mar ks the bo undary bet ween

continenta l crus t and ocean floor .The se slope s are the f arthe st

bo undarie s o f the continent s.

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Continenta l rise is an

under water f eat u re f ound bet ween the continenta l slope

and the aby ss a l p lain

It separate s the continenta lslope f rom ocean floor

It con sists o f sediment s f rom

the continenta l she lf and slope sthat accu m ulate at the bottom

o f the slope