eastern north american andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification
DESCRIPTION
A collection of identification pictures for the Eastern North American genera of a Andrenidae, Colletidae, and Melittidae.TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
AndrenidaeColletidaeMelittidae
A guide to their identification in
Eastern North America
![Page 2: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Acknowledgements
• This presentation has been put together by a consortium of North American bee biologists
• This presentation has developed over many years and the original web picture acknowledgements were lost, if you see one of your pictures let us know and we will add your picture credit
• Correspondence can be sent to Sam Droege at [email protected]
![Page 3: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Format
• Each Genus has an information page followed by a page of illustrations and a map of the distribution of Eastern North American species; western populations of Eastern species are shown, but the Western species are not mapped.
• The number of Eastern species are listed at the top of the page
![Page 4: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Groups of Genera
Andrenidae• Andrena• Calliopsis• Panurginus• Perdita• Protandrena• Pseudopanurgus
Colletidae• Caupolicana• Colletes• Hylaeus
Melittidae• Hesperapis• Macropis• Melitta
![Page 5: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Family: Andrenidae
Comprised of the following Genera:– Andrena – 116 species– Calliopsis - 3– Panurginus - 3– Perdita -26– Protandrena - 3– Pseudopanurgus - 15
![Page 6: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Andrena
• Prominent facial fovea on females• Most species black a few with reddish abdomens• Some males and females with yellow on clypeus• Many species are pollen specialists • Many subtle characters available to separate species,
but when using guides score these very conservatively as there are more opportunities for error when the species number is high and the number of questions long and then double check against species accounts and the complete scoring for the species.
• Similar genera: Melitta, Colletes, Lasioglossum
![Page 7: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Andrena - 116
![Page 8: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Calliopsis
• Inhabits open fields.
• The very common C. andreniformis often inhabits heavily used playing fields and other human-impacted sites.
• Small size, 2-submarginal cells, the bright yellow legs of the male and the 3 vertical ivory-colored facial markings of the females are a distinctive combination
![Page 9: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Calliopsis - 3
Small, C. andreniformis Common in Highly Disturbed Areas
![Page 10: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Panurginus
• Small, spring, uncommon, black species• Males often having yellow on their face• 2 submarginal cells • Close to Pseudopanurgus (which are mostly Fall
species), but told apart by first recurrent and first transcubital veins directly intersecting
• Pre-episternal groove completely absent, but usually very hard to see
• Similar Genera: Pseudopanurgus, Perdita, Protandrena
![Page 11: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Panurginus - 3
Tiny and Uncommon
![Page 12: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Perdita
• Among the smallest of bees• Most males and females have patterns of white
or pale yellow on their face, thorax and abdomen.
• Most females with very thin and sparse tibial scopa
• Short, truncated marginal cell• Uncommonly collected but can be common in
sandy localities• Similar Genera: Pseudopanurgus, Panurginus,
Protandrena
![Page 13: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Perdita - 26
Tiny, Sand-Lover
![Page 14: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Protandrena
• A very uncommon group in the East
• 3 submarginal cells
• Best told by keying them out through the guide
• Similar Genera: Andrena, panurginus, Pseudopanurgus
![Page 15: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Protandrena - 3
Rare
![Page 16: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Pseudopanurgus• Fall species, often on composites• Similar to Panurginus• Small, dark bees, with 2 marginal cells• Pre-episternal groove present, sometimes very weak and hard to
see, running down and to the front from upper end of the mesepisturnum, in some minute species this is visible only at upper end
• First transcubital vein does not meet the first recurrent vein; first recurrent vein shifted slightly to the interior of the second submarginal cell
• Males have often extensive amounts of yellow on their faces. • Can be difficult to differentiate species• Similar Genera: Panurginus, Protandrena, Perdita
![Page 17: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Pseudopanurgus - 15
Tiny, Uncommon
![Page 18: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Colletidae
Comprised of the following genera:– Caupolicana – 2 species– Colletes – 35 species– Hylaeus – 24 species
![Page 19: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Caupolicana
• A rarely observed genus restricted to coastal dune areas in the deep south and the sandy central Florida Ridge
• These fast flying large species are usually only active at dawn and dusk
• 2 submarginal cells
• The first recurrent vein usually joins or nearly joins the first transcubital vein
![Page 20: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Caupolicana - 2Deep South, Deep Sand Specialist, Very rare
![Page 21: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Colletes
• General body shape often similar to a honeybee
• Face heart-shaped due to the angling inward of the compound eyes
• Distinctive in that the lower portion of the second recurrent arches out toward wing tip
• Similar Genus: Apis
![Page 22: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Colletes - 35
![Page 23: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Hylaeus
• Black, small, thin-elongate body, with relatively few hairs and no scopa as this genus carries pollen internally
• Most females have elongate, thin, diamond yellow or ivory markings in the paraocular area between the eye and the clypeus/antennae
• Males usually have more extensive yellow facial markings, with yellow throughout the area below the antennae
![Page 24: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Hylaeus - 24
Common, masked, no scopa
![Page 25: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Melittidae
Comprised of the following genera:
• Hesperapis – 2 species
• Macropis – 4 species
• Melitta – 3 species
![Page 26: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Hesperapis
• Extremely uncommon bees
• Restricted to coastal barrier islands in the Gulf of Mexico and dunes of the Great Lakes
• Abdomen noticeably flattened and integument soft compared to other groups
• Similar Genus: Calliopsis
![Page 27: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Hesperapis - 2
Very Rare, Deep South
Barrier Islands
![Page 28: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Macropis
• Rare bees, apparently much less common than in the past
• Associated with loosestrife (Lysimachia) plants
• Small, dark bees, males with extensive yellow facial markings, 2 submarginal cells
![Page 29: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Macropis - 4
Small, Rare Bee, Oil
Specialist, Loosestrife
![Page 30: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Melitta
• Andrena like, rarely encountered pollen specialists on Ericaceous shrubs
• Scopal hairs on female only on tibia not on femur and trochanter-like Andrena
• Females also lack facial foveae, unlike Andrena
• Males lack a basitibial plate
• Similar Genus: Andrena
![Page 31: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Melitta - 3
Uncommon, Specialist
![Page 32: Eastern North American Andrenidae, bees, taxonomy, distribution, identification](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/55508b0db4c9051e5b8b4d20/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Resources• Species lists, Identification Guides, and Maps for
genera and species are available at: http://www.discoverlife.org/20/q?search=Apoidea• A guide to the genera of the bees of Canada is
available at:http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/bsc/ejournal/pgs_03/pgs_03.html• Mitchell’s 1960’s book on the bees of the Eastern United
States is available as a series of pdf files at:http://insectmuseum.org/easternBees.php• A slightly out of date guide to the identification of the genera
of ALL of North America is available at:http://www.knoxcellars.com/Merchant5/merchant.mvc?
Screen=PROD&Store_Code=KCNP&Product_Code=BGNA&Category_Code=BL