eating disorders eating disorders involve self- critical, negative thoughts and feelings about body...
TRANSCRIPT
Eating Disorders
• Eating disorders involve self-critical, negative thoughts and feelings about body weight and food, and eating habits that disrupt normal body function and daily activities.
STATISTICS
• 28% of girls in grade 9 and 29% of girls in grade 10 engaged in weight-loss behaviours
• 37% percent of girls in grade nine and 40% in grade ten perceived themselves as too fat. Even among students of normal-weight (based on BMI), 19% believed that they were too fat, and 12% of students reported attempting to lose weight
CAUSES
• Combination of psychological, genetic, social, and family factors are thought to be involved.
• Anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Sometimes, problems at home can put kids at higher risk of problem eating behaviors.
• Media images: celebrities, advertising, movies, TV, and sports programs
In a Glamour survey, 61% of respondents said they were ashamed of their hips, 64% of respondents said they were ashamed of their stomachs and 72% were ashamed of their thighs.
30% of woman chose an ideal body shape that is 20% underweight
1 out of 4 men and
1 out of 4 women are on a diet at any given time.
2 out of 5 women and 1 out of 5 men would trade three to five years of their life to achieve their weight goals.
Bulimia nervosa: the diet-binge-purge disorder
Believes self-worth requires being thin.
BULIMIA
• fear weight gain• be intensely unhappy
with body size, shape, and weight
• make excuses to go to the bathroom immediately after meals
• only eat diet or low-fat foods (except during binges)
• regularly buy laxatives, diuretics, or enemas
• spend a lot of time working out or trying to work off calories
• withdraw from social activities, especially meals and celebrations involving food
Anorexia nervosa: the relentless pursuit of thinness
Person refuses to maintain normal body weight for age and height.
Weighs 85% or less than what is expected for age and height.
In women, menstrual periods stop. In men levels of sex hormones fall.
Is terrified of gaining weight even though s/he is markedly underweight.
Anorexia
• very thin, frail, or emaciated
• be obsessed with eating, food, and weight control
• weigh herself or himself repeatedly
• count or portion food carefully
• only eat certain foods, avoid foods like dairy, meat, wheat,
• exercise excessively• feels fat• withdraw from social activities,
especially meals and celebrations involving food
• be depressed, lethargic (lacking in energy), and feel cold a lot
Binge Eating• Uncontrollable eating• During such binges, a
person rapidly consumes an excessive amount of food.
• Hide this behavior from others, and often feel ashamed about being overweight or depressed about their overeating.
The Female Athlete’s Triad
• The Triad– Eating Disorders– Stress Fractures– Amenorrhea
• At risk– Appearance Related Sports– High Performance Sports
The Female Athlete’s Triad
What to look for:– Weight– Heart Rate of 40-50– Hypotension– Hypothermia– Swelling– Poor dentition– Overuse injuries, especially stress fractures
The Female Athlete’s Triad
Treatments—multidisciplinary effort– Estrogen Replacement
• 3 years post-menarche and older than 16 years old
• Or, if history of stress fracture
– Decrease energy expenditure
– Nutritional consultation
– Calcium with vitamin D
– Psychological counseling.
– NOT NSAIDs
QUESTIONS?
Treatment
• Eating disorders are serious clinical problems that require professional treatment by doctors, therapists, and nutritionists.