7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

1/26

1.4 Functions Of

Networking Hardware

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

2/26

Network Interface Card (NIC)

Act as a physical interface and connectors between

your computer and network cable. (Bertindak sebagaiantaramuka fizikal atau penyambung di antara komputer anda dengan kabel rangkaian)

to provide a physical link to a computer network.

This connection allows computers to communicate

with servers, as well as other computers on the

network. (untuk menyediakan link fizikal kepada jaringan komputer. Sambungan inimembolehkan komputer untuk berkomunikasi dengan pelayan, serta komputer lain di

dalam rangkaian)

Each NIC has a unique serial number, which is called

a MAC address. (Setiap NIC mempunyai satu nombor siri yang unik, yangdisebut alamat MAC)

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

3/26

Network Interface Card (NIC)Cont

Network interface card functions are:

Provide data from computer to network cable.(Menyediakan data dari komputer untuk kabel rangkaian)

Sending data to another computer. (Menghantar data ke komputeryang lain)

Control the flow of data between the computer and

plug the cable system. (Mengawal aliran data di antara komputer dan sistemkabel penyambung)

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

4/26

Figure 1-5 A NIC (network interface card)

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

5/26

Various Types Of Network Interface Card

a. Cards on an expansion board inside a

computer (PCI NIC, PCI Express NIC).

b. Cards installed to the computers bus

externally (PCMCIA adapter, USB port,FireWire, Compact Flash NIC)

c. On-board NIC

d. Wireless NIC

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

6/26

Various Types Of Network Interface Card

a. Cards on an expansion board inside a

computer (PCI NIC, PCI Express NIC).

b. Cards installed to the computers bus

externally (PCMCIA adapter, USB port,FireWire, Compact Flash NIC)

c. On-board NIC

d. Wireless NIC

Wireless adapters are found in most portable devices, such as

laptops, smart phones, and tablet devices.

External wireless adapters can be purchased and installed on most

computers having an open USB (Universal Serial Bus) port, or unused

expansion slot.

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

7/26

Install and configure NIC hardware and software.

Refer video in internet

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

8/26

Functions of LAN connectivity

hardware:

a. Repeater

b. Hub / Switch

c. Bridges

d. Routers

e. Gateways

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

9/26

(a) Repeater

To regenerate the signal when the signal received is

weak or interference, this device will make a copy ofbits to bits by the original signal strength. (untuk menjanasemula isyarat apabila isyarat yang diterima lemah atau terdapat gangguan, peranti ini akan membuat

satu salinan bit ke bit berdasarkan kekuatan asal isyarat tersebut)

Repeater will receive digital signals from one of theirport then regenerate the signal before sending out

the signal. (Repeater akan menerima isyarat digital dari salah satu portnya kemudian menjanasemula isyarat tersebut sebelum menghantar isyarat tersebut keluar)

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

10/26

RepeaterCont

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

11/26

(b) Hub

connection point between the station with the station

and between stations with the server. (titik penyambungan di antarastesyen dengan stesyen dan di antara stesyen dengan server)

have a several number of RJ-45 female connector,

known as a port. (mempunyai beberapa bilangan penyambung female RJ-45 yang dikenalisebagai port)

The function of the hub is broadcasting i.e data is

forwarded towards the all ports of a hub, regardless of

whether the data was intended for the particularsystems in the network or not. (Fungsi hub adalah untuk broadcasting iaitu datadilalukan ke semua port hub, untuk mengetahui apakah data ditujukan untuk host di dalam rangkaian tersebut

atau tidak)

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

12/26

Hub & Bridge connections in Network

12

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

13/26

(b) Switch

Switch is a combination of hub and bridge

technology. (Switch adalah gabungan teknologi hub dan bridge)

Switch function is like as it was built by a

small bridge on each port. (Switch berfungsi seolah-olah ia dibinadengan mempunyai bridge kecil pada setiap portnya)

Unlike hubs, switch only transmit or forwards

the data to the destined computer and it

does not broadcasts the data to all its ports.(Tidak seperti hub, switch hanya menghantar data ke komputer penerima sahaja dan tidak broadcast

data ke semua port)

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

14/26

(c) Bridges

Appearance bridge is like a small box with two

network connectors (port) are connected to twoseparate networks. (seperti sebuah kotak kecil, dengan duapenyambung rangkaian yang disambung kepada dua rangkaian yang terpisah)

Used to transmit data between networks that usingthe same protocol. (Digunakan untuk menghantar data di antararangkaian yang menggunakan protokol yang sama)

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

15/26

BridgesCont

AHMAD

MAC=00C08BBE0052

ZIANA

MAC=00C08B44E50C

JAMAL

MAC=00C08B11C439

SITI

MAC=00C08B477B72

HUB HUBBRIDGE

PORT

A

PORT

B

Jadual Bridge

PORT

A

PORT

B

00C08B44E50C

Rajah 5.4 : Ziana menghantar data kepada Ahmad

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

16/26

BridgesCont

AHMAD

MAC=00C08BBE0052

ZIANA

MAC=00C08B44E50C

JAMAL

MAC=00C08B11C439

SITI

MAC=00C08B477B72

HUB HUBBRIDGE

PORT

A

PORT

B

Jadual Bridge

PORT

A

PORT

B

00C08B44E50C

00C08BBE0052

Frame Transmission

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

17/26

BridgesCont

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

18/26

(VI) Routers

Multi-port device that makes decisions on how to

manage the contents of the frame, based onprotocol and network address. (Peranti multi-port yang membuatkeputusan terhadap bagaimana hendak menguruskan kandungan frame, berdasar kepada protokol dan

alamat rangkaian)

Routers route the data between two logically and

physically different networks. (Router menghubungkan data antara duarangkaian berbeza)

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

19/26

RoutersCont

Unlike Switches and Bridges, which use hardware

configured MAC address to determine the

destination of the data, router uses logical network

address such as IP address to make the decision in

determining the destination of the data. (Tidak seperti Switchdan bridge, yang menggunakan alamat MAC sebagai penentu kepada destinasi bagi data, routermenggunakan alamat rangkaian iaitu alamat IP untuk membuat keputusan dalam menentukan destinasi

penghantaran data)

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

20/26

RoutersCont

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

21/26

(e) Gateways

Used to connect a computer network with one or more

computer networks that use a different communications

protocols so that information from a computer network canbe given to other computer networks that have a different

protocol. (digunakan untuk menghubungkan satu jaringan komputer dengan satu atau lebihjaringan komputer yang menggunakan protokol komunikasi yang berbeza sehingga informasi dari satu

jaringan computer dapat diberikan kepada jaringan komputer lain yang mempunyai protokol berbeza)

A gateway performs the function of translating the

data from one format to another format without

changing the data itself. (gateway melakukan fungsi menterjemah data dari satuformat ke format lain tanpa mengubah data itu sendiri)

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

22/26

GatewaysCont

A gateway can be a device, system, software. (gatewayboleh jadi atau mungkin peranti, sistem, perisian)

Router acts as a gateway e.g a router that routes the

data from a IPX network to a IP network is

technically a gateway. (Router bertindak sebagai gateway contohnya router yangmenjadi laluan data dari rangkaian IPX kepada rangkaian IP)

Switch acts as a gateway e.g translational switch

converts from a Ethernet network to a token ringnetwork. (Switch bertindak sebagai gateway contohnyanya terjemahan switch dengan menukardari rangkaian Ethernet kepada rangkaian token ring)

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

23/26

Build simple peer-to-peer network

using TIA/EIA-568-A or TIA/EIA-568-B

wiring standard.

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

24/26

Build simple LAN using two hosts and a

switch.

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

25/26

Build network drive to share a file.

7/31/2019 EC301 Chapter 1 (1.4)

26/26

Assemble and configure a network

printer in a simple LAN.