echinoderms review. starfish belong in the kingdom _______________ phylum _______________ class...
TRANSCRIPT
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EchinodermsReview
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Starfish belong in the
KINGDOM _______________
PHYLUM _______________
CLASS ___________________
Animalia
Echinoderms are _________________
vertebrates invertebrates
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
invertebrates
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Adult echinoderms have ______________ symmetry. no bilateral radial
radial
_____________ are organismswhose anus develops from the blastopore area in the embryo.
Deuterostomes
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The ______________ stomach in a starfish is extruded out through the mouth to eat.
Cardiac
Since a starfish has NO INTESTINE,the nutrients are absorbed by the_______________digestive glands
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Portion of the stomach that is connected to the anus and digestive glandsPyloric stomach
Echinoderms have an endoskeletonmade of calcium carbonate plates called _______________.ossicles
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In Latin the name “echinoderm” means__________________Spiny skin
Name one of the 3 characteristics your book lists that are found only in echinoderms.
Endoskeleton made of OSSICLESWater vascular systemTube feet
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Sea stars (starfish) belong to theClass _________________Asteroidea
The mouth of a starfish is locatedon the _____________ surface.oral
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All of these organisms belong to the phylum _______________Echinodermata
(Echinoderms)
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The small tiny pinchers at the base of the spines on the surface of a starfish are called _______________pedicillariae
Water enters the water vascularsystem through small pores in the __________________. madreporite
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Starfish have _____________circulation.open
The small movable suction cupped extensions of the water vascular system which aid in locomotion and feeding are called _____________.tube feet
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What is the function of the ampullae?
Squeeze to control water enteringand leaving the tube feet
The seastar can turn its ___________stomach inside out through its mouthwhen it eats.
cardiac
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Compare Digestive and Nitrogen waste
DIGESTIVE WASTE
NITROGEN WASTE
Made where?
Comes from?
Removed by what body system?
Leaves body as?
In digestive tract By body cells
Digestive Excretory
Feces ammonia, urea, OR uric acid
Left over from breakdown of proteinsundigested food during metabolism
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The stone canal, ring canal, and radial canal are all parts of the ________________ system.water vascular
Nutrients are absorbed in the________________in a starfish.digestive glands
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Tell a function of the tube feet.LocomotionHold onto & pry open clam shellsGas exchange/remove nitrogen waste
The skin gills on the surface connect into the ___________inside.coelom
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The network of water filled canals connected to the tube feet is called the _________________ system.
Water vascular
Most starfish are _______________.Carnivores herbivores omnivores
carnivores
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This organ absorbs nutrients in an earthworm and a clam but is missing in starfish intestine
Echinoderms are thought to be moreclosely related to higher organisms likevertebrates because _______________their blastopore becomes the anus just like in higher organisms
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The bulb-like sac at the upper end of each tube foot is called the _____________ampulla
The spines on the surface connectinto the ____________ inside.
Ossicles of the endoskeleton
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Type of reproduction seen in starfish
Asexual Sexual
They can do both!
Symmetry seen in echinoderm larvae
bilateral
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T or FMost echinoderms are hermaphrodites.
False, they have separate sexes.
Fertilization in echinoderms is_______________External internal
external
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Seastars “breathe” by exchanginggases through their _____________________________.
skin gills and skin on their tube feet
Echinoderms are missing all of theseorgans except ____________.
Circulatory excretory respiratory digestive
digestive
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Name one of the parts of the nervous system in a starfish.
Nerve ring or radial nerve
The ability of starfish to regrowlost arms is called ________________.regeneration
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Type of symmetry seen in echinoderm larva
bilateral
General term for reproductive organs
gonads
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The tube that connects the madreporite to the ring canal is the ____________________stone canal
The surface of a starfish oppositefrom the mouth is the _____________Surface.
aboral
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The digestive glands connect to the __________________ stomach.pyloric
The ___________________ stomach is extruded out of the mouth during feeding
cardiac
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What is the function of thepedicillariae?
Keep surface of starfish free ofalgae and small organisms that might damage or block it
Starfish have _____________ at the ends of each arm that can sense light and dark
eyespots
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The anus and madreporite are on the ____________ surface of a starfish.aboral
Echinoderms are _______________
Protostomes Deuterostomes
deuterostomes
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Starfish absorb oxygen through their
_______________ and the surface of their _________________Skin gills
Name a part of the nervous system in a starfish
Tube feet
Nerve ring, radial nerves, nerve net, eyespots
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Organisms in which the
blastopore becomes the anus are called __________________deuterostomes
Special kind ofradial symmetryseen is 5 armed starfish pentaradial
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Body part used in respiration in a starfishSkin gills
Which of the following is true about the circulatory system in a starfish?
Aortic arches surround the digestive system & pump blood A heart surrounded by a pericardial cavity pumps hemolymph No heart or blood vessels. Fluid in the coelom bathes and distributes nutrients & oxygen
No heart or blood vessels. Fluid circulates in the coelom
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Name a part of the digestive systemin a starfish
Mouth, pyloric stomach, cardiac stomach,digestive glands, anus
All echinoderms are MARINE.That means they ____________. have military-like camouflage live in the ocean march in lines like soldiers stay in one place
live in oceans
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Tell the body system each part belongs to:
Madreporite _____________________
Nerve ring _____________________
Ring canal ______________________
Ossicles ______________________
Gonads ______________________
Skin gills ______________________
Cardiac stomach ___________________
Water vascular
nervousWater vascular
SkeletalReproductiveRespiratory/excretory
Digestive
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Main body part used in respiration in a starfishSkin gills
Spines on the surface connectto the ________________ underneath.ossicles
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Trace the path that water follows in the water vascular system:
Madreporite
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
tube feet
Stone canal
Ring canal
Radial canal (or abulacral canal)
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The digestive glands connect to the __________________ stomach.pyloric
Type of symmetry seen in this echinoderm
radial
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Name a body system that is missing in starfish Excretory
RespiratoryCirculatory
Echinoderms are _________________
acoelomates Pseudocoelomates eucoelomates
eucoelomates
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Name 6 characteristics of EchinodermsEucoelomatesInvertebratesDeuterostomesSpiny skinWater vascular system with tube feetEndoskeleton made of ossiclesRadial symmetryBipinnaria larvamarine
I’d say pretty good!What are the odds you will see a question like this on the test?
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Type of larva found in echinodermsThis one!
trochophorebipinnaria
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Tube feet are found along the
__________________ groove.ambulacral
When you cut into the starfish, thespace you see around the internal organs is the ______________
Mantle pseudocoelom coelom pericardialcavity cavity
coelom
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The ventral surface is also called the _______ surface.oral
TRUE or FALSEStarfish are hermaphrodites
False. They have separate sexes
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spinesThe blue structures are _____________for _____________________.The red structures are ____________for ____________________The green structure is a _____________for _________________________
protection
This diagram represents the 3 structures you learned about on the surface of a starfish.
Skin gills
Exchanging gases/removing nitrogen waste
pedicellaria
keeping the surface free of organisms
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Tell the function of each part:
Opening for water vascular system _____________________
Absorb nutrients _____________________Connect madreporite to ring canal ______________________Plates that fuse to form
skeleton ______________________Make sperm or eggs _________________Exchange gases and get rid of nitrogen waste _________________
madreporiteDigestive glands
Stone canal
ossiclesgonads
Skin gills
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Tell the function of each part:
Keep skin free of organisms _____________________
Extruded out throughmouth during feeding ________________
Stomach that connects to digestive glands ______________________
Squeeze to move water
up and down in tube feet _________________
Spikes on surface for protection _____________
pedicellariae
Cardiac stomach
Pyloric stomach
ampullaespines
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A
C
B
D
E
F
A = _________________ E = ___________________B = _________________ F = ___________________C = _________________D = _________________
MADREPORITESTONE CANALRING CANALRADIAL CANAL
AMPULLAETUBE FEET
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What do the typhlosole in an earthworm, the ridges on the gills in a clam, and the skin gills of a starfish have in common?
All are structures used to INCREASE SURFACE AREA
Asteroidea comes from the Latin word meaning _______________star
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The only invertebrates that are NOT PROTOSTOMES are the _________________________echinoderms
What is the plural of pedicellaria?
pedicellariae
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All echinoderms are MARINE. This means they _______________Live in salt water (oceans)
How is reproduction in a starfish different from that of an earthworm?
Earthworms= hermaphrodites
Starfish= separate sexes; can use regeneration for asexual reproduction
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Explain how diffusion is important to starfish
Diffusion of gas molecules from high concentration to low concentration is what causes gas exchange for breathing
Which of the following is an echinoderm larva?
A B
B: Echinoderms have a: BIPINNARIA larva with wings
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Tell one way the starfish are similar to
clams.Both have: NO CEPHALIZATION Open circulation (NO blood vessels) eucoelomates invertebrates separate sexes sexual reproduction with external fertilization (marine clams) indirect development (start as larva) have digestive gland that makes bile and absorbs nutrients have stomach attached to digestive gland
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Tell one way the starfish are DIFFERENT FROM clams.
Clams: Starfish:Protostomes DeuterostomesHave an intestine No intestineHeart pumps hemolymph No heartGills exchange gases Gases exchanged thru skin gillsKidney to remove nitrogen no excretory organs/ nitrogen waste out thru skin gills ------- water vascular systemShell for protection endoskeleton/spines for protectionFilter feeders carnivoressome have internal fertilization external fertilization (freshwater clams)Sexual reproduction only Can do sexual/asexual reprod.
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Tell one way the starfish are similar to
earthworms.
Both have: true coelomates invertebrates
sexual reproduction external fertilization
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Tell one way the starfish are DIFFERENT FROM earthworms.
Earthworms: Starfish:Protostomes DeuterostomesIntestine to absorb nutrients digestive glands absorb nutrientsHeart (aortic arches) pumps blood No heartNephridia to remove nitrogen no excretory organs/ nitrogen waste out thru skin gills ------- water vascular systemHydrostatic skeleton endoskeleton/spines for protectionClosed circulation Open circulationDirect development Indirect developmentCerebral ganglia/nerve cord Nerve ring, radial nerves, ganglia
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Why are echinoderms thought to have evolved from a bilaterally symmetrical ancestor?
They have a bilaterally symmetrical larva
Which 2 structures you learned about are contained within the ambulacral ridge?
Radial nerve & radial canal
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Name another echinoderm besides a starfish.
Sea lily, feather star, brittle star, sea urchin,Basket star, sand dollar, sea cucumber
Starfish have __________development.
direct indirect
indirect
They start out as a larva that looks different from the adult.
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Name one of the structures found on the surface of a starfish and tell its function.
Spines- protectionPedicellaria-pinchers that keep surface clear of organismsSkin gills- exchange gases/remove nitrogen waste
True OR FalseSea stars can reproduce both sexually and asexually. TRUE
They have separate sexes and can use regeneration.
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A sea star’s nervous system does NOT include ______________
Nerve ring nerve net radial nerves cerebral ganglia
a brain
Explain how a mollusk trochophore larva is different from an echinoderm bipinnaria larva.
Trochophore larvae are egg shaped with a ring of cilia to help them swim; Bipinnaria have wings