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Energy road map 2050:What if cities were giventhe same exercise? p.5

Mobilising local energyinvestments p.10

Covenant of Mayors NationalClubs: New networkingplatforms are born! p.13

EnergyCities

www.energy-cities.eu

INFONo. 39 Spring 2011

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EnergeticTerritories

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Energy Cities Board of Directors gives you

Freely , practices and concerns on sustainable energy.

(Saskia Bolten, Deputy Mayor of Delft/NL, member of the Board of Directors)

Learn about tools to implement yourlocal policies. (George Scripcaru, Mayor of Brasov/RO, Vice-President of Energy Cities)

energy and territorial .

(Eva Avossa, Deputy Mayor of Salerno/IT, member of the Board of Directors)

Get acquainted with to achieve your goals.

(Alan Coleman, Councillor of Cork County Council/IE, Vice-President of Energy Cities)

at the national and European level.

(Denis Baupin, Deputy Mayor of Paris/FR, Vice-President and Treasurer of Energy Cities)

Receive a periodic on urban energy issues.

(Pekka Sauri, Deputy Mayor of Helsinki/FI, Vice-President of Energy Cities)

Europe-wide through our on- and offline media.

(Juan Luis Snchez de Muniin, Councillor of Pamplona/ES, member of the Board of Directors)

Get personal advice and get involved in developing .

(Bo Frank, Mayor of Vxj/SE, member of the Board of Directors)

at our seminars, workshops and Annual Rendezvous.

(Zbigniew Michniowski, Deputy Mayor of Bielsko-Biala/PL, Vice-President of Energy Cities)

with our tailor-made study tours and exchange with

colleagues. (Abdul Osman, Councillor of Leicester City Council/UK, Vice-President of Energy Cities)

Joinover1000local

authoritiesfrom

30countrieson

www.energy-cities.eu

EckartWrzner,Mayorof

Heidelberg(DE),andPresident

ofEnergyCities

Discoverthe bradew key visualIn 2010, Energy Cities

20th anniversary wasmarked by a complete

rebranding of its visual

identity. The final step inthe process is the

development of a brand

new key visual to befeatured on all

communication supports.

It perfectly matches ourslogan Where action and

vision meet! and

illustrates in a refreshingway what our network is

all about: the quest by

committed and activepeople for low-energy

cities and a high quality oflife for all.

exchangeyour visions

Influence

Haveyoursay

yourownEuropeanprojects

technical andfinancial assistance

EU policies

electronic review

Meet peers

Visit innovators in other cities

Promote your activities

innovative working methods

DianeMorel,ChantalS-Fotolia.com,iStockphoto.com

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Eergy Cities | Secretariat2, chemin de PalenteF - 25000 BesanonTel.: +33 381 65 36 80Fax: +33 381 50 73 51

Eergy Cities | Brussels Ofce1, Square de MeesB-1000 BrusselsTel.: +32 2 504 78 60Fax: +32 2 504 78 61

www.energy-cities.eu/info

If you wish to receive this magazineregularly and for free, please e-mail:www.energy-cities.eu/miriam

Directors o publicatio: Miriam Eisermannand Grard Magnin

Cotributors to this issue: FlorianeBernardot, Alix Bolle, Jana Cicmanova, StphaneDupas, Laura Gurin, Claire Iochum, KingaKovacs, Blandine Pidoux, Peter Schilken, IanTurner, Jean-Pierre Vallar.

Traslatio: Nathalie Fauchadour, Anne Henry

Graphic desig: www.tuttiquanti.net

Priter: Imprimerie SIMON (ImprimVert) -Printed on recycled paper

N ISSN : 1256-6098 - Print run: 3500 copies

Cover : istockphoto.com, fotolia.com etshutterstock.com

COnTEnTS

Territories and Energya compatiblecouple?Energy Cities. The name of our association is composed of two words:

Energy and Cities. On the one hand a territory, the city and its peri-urban

area. On the other hand, a flow of energy that crosses said territory,

nourishing it and bringing comfort to its inhabitants as well as all they needto produce, travel and have fun. Fossil energy is a finite resource. Itgenerates local and global pollution and produces waste, in the territory

where it is used and at its places of production, transportation and

transformation.

The relationship between energy and territories has been at the heart of the

associations philosophy since its creation in 1990. Like water and air,energy is one of the few elements that is absolutely necessary for the

survival of human life. It has economic, social and environmentaldimensions. This is why energy must not just be considered as a lever

against climate change, to which it is obviously one of the contributing

factors, but also as an issue in itself and a major dimension of authoritiespolicies.

Hence, with the next cohesion policy in its preparation stage, Energy

Cities is taking the opportunity of this issue of Energy Cities INFO toreview its analyses and take stock of the state of the debate on thisissue.

Teitoial Cohesion: lovely, but what isit exactly?........................................................................... p.4

Heidelbeg: Work, live, learn and grow upin one of the worlds biggest passive housedistricts .................................................................................p.4

Utecht: back to the future ..................................p.5

Teitoial cohesion and eneg polic si inteviews with: Marie Donnelly& Rudolf Niessler - European Commission Ilmar Reepalu & Michel Delebarre -Committee of the Regions Kathleen vanBrempt & Lambert van Nistelrooij -European Parliament ...............................................p.6-8

Budget cuts vesusambitious CO

2cuts ................................................p.9

Mobilising localeneg investments .............................................p.10

Vila Nova de Gaias ambitionsboosted b ELENA financing.........................p.10

Membe States ignoe moneavailable fo sustainable gowth..........p.11

Neal 8 billion euos unspent:

European Regional DevelopmentFund (ERDF) dedicated to energyefficiency in housing ................................................p.11

The 320 platfom: using Google maps tovisualise energy and CO

2savings ..................p.12

Zageb Eneg Week: Networking forsustainability..................................................................p.12

Covenant of Maos National Clubs:New networking platforms are born! .........p.13

Bacelona Eneg Plan:everyone has a say ....................................................p.13

With the new Alliance,the heat is on!............................................................p.14

The geen dives licence - Low-emissions zones in European cities ..............p.14

Eneg efficienc, a wish in vain?............p.15

Rendezvous with... Jan Olbcht(President of URBAN Housing) .........................p.16

The Covenant of Maos.................................p.17

IMAGINE: an importantresource for cities.......................................................p.18

The POLIS poject sheds lighton sola uban planning..................................p.19

Shared energy: a new associationand financing tool .................................................p.19

In Feibug and Besanon,200 families ae activel involvedin climate potection..........................................p.19

ENGAGE for energy and climate...................p.20

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TerritorialCohesion:lovely, but what is it exactly?We are acquainted with economic and social cohesion, a pillar of the regional

European policy which targets homogeneous development in the regions. Theadjective territorial was introduced in 2007 in the Lisbon Treaty, which also par-

tially introduces energy. But what exactly does this mean?

For the European Commission, territorial cohesion is about ensuring the harmo-

nious development of all these places and about making sure their citizens areable to make the most of inherent features of these territories. As such, it is a

means of transforming diversity into an asset that contributes to sustainable deve-lopment of the entire EU(Green Paper on Territorial Cohesion: making territorialdiversity an asset, 2008).

For Pierre Calame, President of the Board of the Charles Leopold Mayer

Foundation for the Progress of Humankind and the author of several essays on the

role and position of the State in modern society It is the art developed by ahuman community sharing the same space and linked through the many rela-

tionships of everyday life of:

umaking the most of its tangible, intangible, human and natural resources,

useeking the development of said resources to ensure maximum well-being and

social cohesion amongst its members.(Response to the Green Paper,Foundation for the Progress of Humankind).

The concept sought after when Energy Cities promotes low energy cities with ahigh quality for life for all, is that of harmony between the economic, social, envi-

ronmental and human dimensions. Making the most of the energy saving poten-tial and local renewable resources of a territory leads to creating new jobs, impro-ving resource management, limiting pollution, mobilising human intelligence,

reducing energy poverty and providing the population with the quality of life theywant.

All in all, territorial cohesion may seem to be a vague concept that needs to be fil-led with sense and action, not only for EU institutions but also for many people in

Europe. What if we were to set aside theoretical definitions and take a closer lookat local authorities? What if cities and regions were the first to actually demons-

trate what territorial cohesion is all about?

Members in the spotlight

Heidelberg:

Work, live, learn andgrow up in one of theworlds biggest passivehouse districts

By 2022 it will be comple-

ted one of the worlds

biggest passive house dis-tricts is currently being

built on a former goodsstation in the city of

Heidelberg (Bahnstadt dis-

trict). Offices, flats, an academic centre, a schooland a kindergarten, shopping and leisure opportu-

nities will all be built according to the passive

house standard: the annual heating demand ofthe buildings will be below 15 kWh per m2/year.

Municipal subsidies encourage and facilitate theconstruction.

The Bahnstadt district will be connected to dis-

trict heating, supplied by biomass and solar ther-mal energy. This unique energy concept is also to

include an efficient public transport system,rainwater harvesting and green roofs for two

thirds of the buildings.

www.heidelberg-bahnstadt.de

HeidelbergsBahstadt district

116hectares1,700 residential units

5,000 new jobs56%CO2

reductions =

4,100t CO2

(compared to the German

Energy Saving Regulation)

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StadtHeidelberg/EGH

KaySommer(Stand04.2010)

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Utrecht:

back to the future

Is it possible to balace sustaiabilitygoals ad historical values i a olddowtow cetre? Utrecht, whoseobjective is to get a CO

2eutral tow

ceter by 2030, is about to id theaswer.

The municipality explores opportunities for a sus-

tainable modernisation of its downtown areataking into account energy savings and sustai-

nable energy. To do so, Utrecht cooperates withvarious regional, national and international

networks and joins forces with local partners. A

close collaboration is on-going with local researchinstitutes and professional building administra-

tors.

The cities new strategic plan seeks to determine

how to insulate historical buildings and monu-ments, how to use solar panels or geothermal

energy in an area steeped in history. It also

focuses on restorating and upgrading historicalbuildings (rather than demolition and new build)

as well as on mobility. In Utrecht you will find out

what back to the future means!

Plaed measures i Utrecht:uThe parking lot in front of the monumental post office on

the medieval Neude square is transformed into a large ter-

race and festival square.uThe post office itself is refurbished into a zero-carbon buil-

ding.

uUtrecht is building a tram lane to replace the busway lea-

ding to the University Campus.

uThe old railway station is transformed into a new Public

Transport Terminal (train/bus/tram), integrating photovol-

taic cells.

uSolar panels are deployed in the historical centre.

uA new cargo transport

system is developed for

the city centre: large pac-kages arrive to the out-

skirts of the city and are

then distributed in smaller

packages with the electricCargohopper.

Vision

Energy road map 2050:What if cities were giventhe same exercise?Japa has bee experiecig a dire eergysituatio sice March. The time has come toquestio the uture o cetralised systems. Wemust ow seize all possible opportuities iterms o decetralised approaches where localauthorities have a major role to play i eergypolicies.

The Japanese nuclear catastrophe and its consequences

highlight the fragility of centralised energy systems meant

to ensure energy security. Now is the time to imagine a

more decentralised energy future, based on the harnes-sing of energy savings and the potential of local resources

thus giving a greater role to local authorities.

The European Union needs a long term vision for its ener-gy policy, which is why the Commission is preparing the

Energy road map 2050. The aim is to present the various

possible paths for achieving the objectives set by the EUenergy policy: sustainability, energy security and competi-

tiveness.However, this 2050 exercise must not be used to mask

the fact that no major innovation is likely to come from

the supply-side in the near future, by 2030 for instance.Several technical and currently in vogue solutions could

well be illusions. A change in direction, however, is

urgently needed. Innovation is mainly to be found on the

demand-side and based on decentralised systems.

A city emitting 80-95% less CO2

will not be the same city

as it is today. Its organisation, transportation modes andthe way people live, use energy, produce and have fun

will be very different. Innovations, and not just technologi-

cal ones, will have to be stimulated so as to ensure ener-gy security. Such a city will be either desired or it just

wont be.

www.energy-cities.eu/-OPINIONS,10-

Shutterstock

CityofU

trecht

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Territorial cohesion

and energy policya matter of perspective

Marie Doelly

Directorate-GeneralEnergy (DG ENER)

EuropeaCommissio

Rudol niessler

Directorate-GeneralRegional Policy(DG REGIO)

Marie Donnelly is Director New and renewable sources of

energy, energy efficiency Innovation at the EuropeanCommissions DG ENER. This Directorate-General is res-

ponsible for developing and implementing a European ener-gy policy.

Mrs. Doelly, what is the territorial dimesio othe EU eergy policy?

The territorial dimension of the EU energy policy comes intoplay whenever we talk about energy savings and efficiency

in buildings and urbantransport, the use and

integrat ion of loca l

renewables, cogenera-tion, heat production and

distribution, energy ser-

vices and of course,urban planning as well as

the practical involvement of citizens and private stakehol-ders. While the industry can boost innovation and improve

the energy efficiency of products (vehicles, insulation, etc.),

local authorities are in a position to make urban systems asa whole more energy-efficient. There lies an infinite and

often underestimated potential for economic growth and

innovation.Over 2200 local authorities are engaged in the Covenant of

Mayors today. They need to tap into this vast potential.Contrary to what many people think, tackling energy

consumption, CO2

emissions and increasing the share ofrenewables remains in the hands of local, untraditional

planners, architects, plumbers, farmers and, most of all,

households. This requires a new model of governance,based on a territorial, rather than a sectoral approach.

Rudolf Niessler is Director for Policy Coordination at the

European Commissions DG REGIO. Already created in1965, the DGs mission is to strengthen economic, social

and territorial cohesion in the regions and countries of theEuropean Union. The Directorate General manages thethree Cohesion policy funds.

Mr. niessler, what is the eergy dimesio o theterritorial policy?

Success in achieving Europes 2020 goals will for the large

part depend on decisions taken at local and regional level.

Regional Policy plays an essential role in driving the shift toinvestment in smart and sustainable growth through the

actions it can support to tackle energy and climate issues.Achieving the target of 20% of renewables in 2020 will pro-

vide additional jobs,

many of them closeto where invest-

ments are made. The

potential for job crea-tion in the field of

energy efficiency, inparticular in buil-

dings, is also remarkable. Cities and urban areas, which

consume up to 80% of energy, are at the same time part ofthe problem and part of the solution to greater energy effi-

ciency. Regions and cities should see renewables and ener-

gy efficiency as drivers of development and accelerateinvestments according to their local energy potential, espe-

cially in rural and coastal areas, outermost regions andislands. Regional Policy can help promote sustainable ener-

gies in district heating and co-generation, as well as in local

smart distribution networks.

Local authorities are in aposition to make urbansystems as a whole moreenergy-efficient. Cities and urban areas are at the

same time part of the problemand part of the solution togreater energy efficiency.

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Committee othe Regios (CoR*)

How does someone in charge of regional policy look at energy issues? Andwhat importance does an energy policy expert give to territorial matters?Comparing views was the objective of our interview series carried out withsix high-level EU representatives: Read the answers from the European

Commission, the Committee of the Regions and the European Parliament onthese pages.

Ilmar Reepalu

ENVE(Environment,Climate Change andEnergy) Commission

Michel Delebarre

Commission forterritorial cohesionpolicy (COTER)

* The CoR is thepolitical assemblythat provides theregional and locallevels with a voice inEU policydevelopment and EUlegislation.

Ilmar Reepalu (European Socialist Party) is the Mayor of

Malm (Sweden) and Chairman of the Committee of theRegions ENVE Commission. This Commission allows repre-

sentatives from local and regional authorities to discuss the

formulation of energy policies and to promote best practicesin these fields.

Mr. Reepalu, rom your poit o view, what is theterritorial dimesio o the EU eergy policy?

The EU energy policy requires Member States to increase

the share of renewable energy production. This productionneeds to be optimised according to local and regional condi-

tions, i.e. every region needs to get better at tapping into

their natural sources. In order to achieve a stable, secureand sustainable energy supply,

the production needs to be

made available across Europe.C i t ies and reg ions need

become more active in seeingtheir very own potential for

contributing to reaching the tar-

gets of the EU energy policy. InMalm we have the ambitious

goal to cover the entire citys

energy demand with renewable energy, with a high propor-tion produced locally and regionally, by 2030.

At the same time, cities need to become more active atidentifying the potential for energy efficiency. Identifying

measures to reduce energy demand in our own regions

means finding low hanging fruits quicker and easier andthus opening up potential for investments for energy effi-

ciency in the medium term.

Michel Delebarre (European Socialist Party) is Mayor of

Dunkerque and Chairman of the COTER Commission. This

Commission enables representatives from local and regio-nal authorities to discuss the planning and implementation

of cohesion policies and to ensure that their concerns aretaken up by other European institutions.

M. Delebarre, what is the eergy dimesio o theterritorial policy?

I have always considered that the European Union has, todate, placed too much single emphasis on economic com-

petitiveness and that it should give equal footing to thethree pillars of sustainable development in its EU 2020

strategy.

In this context and as President of the Committee of the

Regions COTER, I am strongly promoting that this reformof the EU territorial cohesion poli-

cy really considers energy and

quality of life issues as the coreof urban policy definition. This will

not happen unless the role of

cities is truly acknowledged andresources are granted to cities by

the EU in a contractualised, multi-governance logic. Such an ideo-

logical mutation of the definition

of territorial cohesion is centralfor taking up the challenges that cities are facing, especially

those related to energy. In short, energy is not a subsection

of territorial cohesion but one of the key components of theterritorial system.

Cities and regionsneed to be andbecome more active

in seeing their veryown potential.

Energy is not a

subsection ofterritorial cohesionbut one of the keycomponents of theterritorial system.

PerWilkens/MalmStad2011

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Exercise

What is a territory?Take a pen and a sheet of paper. Got it? How wouldyou draw your city or region? Have a go...

Does your city have a geographical boundary? How

did you define it? Which aspects (resources,services, values) are 100% confined to be within

this boundary and which are outside?

Now, what does your drawing look like?Congratulations if it is a networking territory. It is

this type of territory, ready to network with its

outside world, which is best equipped to tackleenergy and climate challenges whilst giving priority

to the quality of life of its inhabitants.

Lambert va nistelrooij

Committeeon RegionalDevelopment(REGI)

Illustration borrowed from Jean-Yves Prax, POLIA consulting

Lambert van Nistelrooij (EPP/Christian-Democrats)is a member of the EU Parliaments REGI Committee, one

of 20 policy committees of the Parliament.

Mr. va nistelrooij, what is the eergy dimesioo the territorial policy?

Under the Lisbon Treaty, the scope of the Unions action interms of economic and social cohesion is expanded by

adding the territorial dimension. In the policy for EU2020 we

seek stronger local and regional partners.In our common effort to achieve the European energy and

climate goals, the participa-

tion of regional and localactors is the key. Therefore,

territorial policies will morethan ever include bottom-up

initiatives for enhancing

energy efficiency and thepromotion of sustainable

energy. Regional funds will, to a larger extent, be used for

energy issues. In the revised regional policy, energy efficien-cy will be a precondition for funding the regions.

The Public Forum, proposed by Energy Cities, stimulatesexamples of best practices and multilevel governance. This

is a subsidiarity approach to which Europe is committed. It

creates chances and solutions close to the urban environ-ment. I am of the opinion that initiatives such as the

Covenant of Mayors are perfect for direct participation in a

European policy.

Kathleen Van Brempt (Socialists) is a member of the EUParliaments ITRE Committee. This is one of 20 policy

committees of the European Parliament.

Mrs. Va Brempt, please tell us, what is theterritorial dimesio o the EU eergy policy?

In order to achieve our goals regarding climate protection

through renewable energy, energy efficiency and reducingthe CO

2emissions, we need to act now, today, and all

together. This means that the correct and ambitious deci-

sions need to be taken by the European and national autho-

rities, but there is an important role to be played at the locallevel as well. A lot of this has to do with the fact that our

energy reality is changing. Before, we had a very centralisedenergy landscape, with the

needed energy distributed

from a huge power plantthrough the top down

network towards the

consumers. This hierarchicalmodel is no longer the

model of the future. Themore we will use renewable energy, the more decentralised

the model will become. This new situation generates enor-

mous opportunities for local authorities, which go hand inhand with new responsibilities as well. This requires sup-

port, money and guidance from higher levels.

WEB

A more detailed essay on thisquestion has been edited byGrard Magnin and can bedownloaded onhttp://fr.calameo.com/read/0001260423b56a6f28003

In the revised regionalpolicy, energy efficiencywill be a precondition forfunding the regions. The more we will

use renewable energy,the more decentralisedthe model will become.

Kathlee Va BremptCommitteeon Industry,Research and Energy(ITRE)

EuropeaParliamet

EuropeanParliament2010

sp.a

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Finances

Budget cuts versusambitious CO2 cutsCities need specific financial support for their energy

and climate policies.

The success of concrete commitments such as the Covenant of Mayors will depend on thesupport it gets. Signatory mayors have made a unilateral commitment, but they are expecting

positive signals, especially given the public finance crisis that local authorities are currently

experiencing. The five main fields in which local authorities need support to achieve their goals are:

Support could take the form of:uAn instrument directly managed by the Commission (a Community Initiative

Programme) similar to URBAN but with a focus on Urban sustainable energy.Advantage:the funds could be used by local authorities without having to go

through the States or other managing authorities. Drawback:the Commissionbeing responsible for managing all the projects might decide to reduce their

numbers.

uAn obligation imposed on Member States and managing authorities toearmark credits specifically allocated to supporting the efforts of cities in

achieving the EU energy and climate objectives in a Territorial Cohesion

perspective. The European Commissions Communication of 26 January on thecontribution of Regional Policy to sustainable growth is paving the way forward.

Advantage:large dissemination throughout Europe. Drawback:the decision is stillin the hands of the States.

Eergy ServiceCompaies: The city oDobrich (Bulgaria) madethe right choiceEnergy Service Companies (ESCO)

exist in almost every European

country. But whenever financialconstraints to investment need to

be overcome, the ESCO solution isoften forgotten. However, the

Bulgarian city of Dobrich did not

miss the opportunity: thanks to a7-year contract with an ESCO, the

city was able to refurbish a primary

school in just one month! This wasdone during the summer holidays,

including the insulation of external

walls and the roof, the renovation ofwindows, a thermal solar

installation, boiler insulation andmodernisation of the kitchen. Since

then, the ESCO has been

monitoring consumption in real-time. The works have enabled

savings of 40%. A great

achievement which should inspireothers, everywhere in Europe!

DEVELOPING ENErGy EFFICIENTBUILDINGS (ExISTING AND NEW)AND TrANSPOrT SySTEMS both

predominantly powered by renewables,and integrating sustainable energy issues

into land use planning and any sectoralissues (social welfare, sport, health,

etc.).

IMPLEMENTING DECENTrALISEDENErGy CONCEPTS and

infrastructures (cogeneration, districtheating and cooling, renewables for

heating, cooling and electricity, smartgrids and metering, etc.).

ENCOUrAGING THE VISIONINGof post-petrol / low carbon / low

energy consumption cities (foresightengineering) through Local Energy

Roadmaps 2050, and preparation of long/ medium-term strategies amongst

local authorities (IMAGINE).

STrENGTHENING LOCALHUMAN CAPACITIESto prepare

and boost the energy transition at thelocal level (societal and technical

engineering) by involving citizens andlocal stakeholders, for instance

through Local Energy and ClimateAgencies (LECAs).

FINANCINGprojects,processes and policies

(financial engineering) from aseries of combined instruments:incentives, PPPs, ESCOs, loans,

revolving funds, etc. from varioussources: regional policy, energy

policy, auction sales ofemission permits.

CityofDobrich

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Vila nova de Gaias ambitiosboosted by ELEnA iacigBack in April 2009, the Portuguese municipality ofVila Nova de Gaia signed the Covenant of Mayors

with the objective of reducing GHG emissions by

at least 25% by 2020 (compared to 2005 levels).In order to support the implementation of the

measures included in its Sustainable EnergyAction Plan, several options were explored,

including ELENA the European Local Energy

Assistance Facility.ELENA allows the municipality to:

uCarry out several feasibility studies to

evaluate the technical and economic viabilityof different technological solutions in

sustainable energy projects.

uSet up a qualified ELENA team

within the municipality and sub-contract

external experts who will providetechnical, legal and contractual

support.

uThe ELENA team, with the support ofexperts, will be responsible for preparing

the tendering procedures, contractualagreements and investment

programme implementation (estimated at

73.4 Mio EUR).

Requested funding from ELENA 90% 920,315

Own Funding 10% 102,257

TOTAL 100% 1,022,572

Direct staff costs 558,972

External experts, subcontracts 463,600

TOTAL eligible costs 1,022,572

Background

EUs growthstrategy or 2020In Spring 2010, the European

Commission launched the Europe2020 Strategy to get out of the cri-

sis and to prepare the EU economy

for the next decade. TheCommission identifies three key

drivers for growth, to be imple-

mented through concrete actions atEU and national levels: smart

growth (fostering knowledge, inno-vation, education and the digital

society), sustainable growth

(making our production moreresource efficient while boosting

our competitiveness) and inclusive

growth (raising participation in thejob market, the acquisition of skills

and the fight against poverty).

ELENA

Mobilisinglocal energyinvestmentsAccess to finance, both public and private, is based on increasingly

complex procedures. As a result, a substantial amount of the avai-

lable funding remains unused whilst expectations from cities forfinancial support to implement sustainable energy projects remain

high. The European Local Energy Assistance (ELENA) facility

demonstrates how technical assistance for developing bankable pro-jects is paramount to triggering investment in sustainable energy at

regional or local level. It accounts for 15 Mio EUR per year and helpsinnovative financing schemes be implemented.

Building on the idea of ELENA, it is crucial to create an instrumentthat puts all local authorities, whatever their size, and local banks in a

position to apply for such a financial engineering assistance facilityon a large scale and in a decentralised manner.

As a matter of fact, the 146 Mio EUR from the unspent money ofthe EU Economic Recovery Plan offer an exceptional opportunity for

initiating a network of local, regional and national banks that would

support sustainable energy projects in cities. Beyond the EIB instru-ments, cities need to see a practical return for their commitment.

They must all be in a situation to use this facility by themselves orwith their principal banks.

www.eib.org/attachments/documents/elena-faq_en.pdf

Fotolia

CityofVilaNovadaGaia

DOSSIER


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Structural and Cohesion Funds

Member States ignore moneyavailable for sustainable growthTwo-thirds of the financing period from 2007-2013 are already behindus, and only 27% of the funds available for the regional policy have

been used. This figure plummets to 22% for funds allocated to sus-tainable investments!

In its official Communication of 26 January 2011, the EuropeanCommission urges Managing Authorities to use existing money for

energy efficiency matters! They are asked to:

uEncourage investments for energy efficiency and renewable

energies in all sectors: housing, transport, etc. according to the

local energy potential of each territory.

uCheck [] investments against climate resilience and resource

efficiency, which is close to an eco-conditionality of European

policies

Let us remember that according to this Communication in the exis-ting programmes, there is room to reconsider priorities for projects

and launch new ones. This means, that Member States do not have

to wait for the end of 2013 to make the necessary changes!

Read the European Commissions Communication of 26January (COM(2011) 17 final): http://energy-cities.eu/Energy-and-Cohesion-Policy-Energy

How much of the Cohesion mone allocated to sustainable gowthis actuall used b the Membe States?

Two-thirds of the financing period 2007-2013 are already behind us, and only 22% ofthe credits allocated to sustainable investments are used!

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

BE IE LU CY EE HU IT SE ES

Cros

s-Bo

rder

Total

MT NL FI SI PT LT DK FR AT LV BG UK CZ SK DE RO PL GR

EU funds

Whall shall we expector 2014-2020?What is in the Structural and

Cohesion Funds for cities and

regions for the next 2014-2020financing period? Experience

shows that money is used most

efficiently if it is distributed in adecentralised way and if it goes

directly to the level of action. Willthe future allocation of EU

resources be used to shift more

competences to regional and localpolicy authorities?

Event

Ope debates durigthe OPEn DAYSWould you like to discuss territory-

focused climate and energy poli-cies with local authorities or EU

representatives? Come and takepart in the workshops organised by

Energy Cities during the OPEN

DAYS in Brussels.

http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/conferences/od2011/index.cfm

WEB

Take 30 minutes to read the RUSE brochure if youwant to understand how the Structural Funds andthe Cohesion Fund work.

Download the document on www.energy-cities.eu/IMG/pdf/RUSE_Brochure_FINAL_en.pdf

Understanding the EU budget

Nearly

8 billion eurosThis is the money from theEuropean Regional Development

Fund (ERDF) dedicated to energyefficiency in housing that was still

unused at the beginning of 2011!Despite a new regulation since

2009, that gives each country the

possibility to invest up to 4% of itsERDF budget in energy-efficient

renovations for

residential buil-dings. The main

problem is thatsome Member

States are nei-

ther capable ofusing the money

properly nor of co-financing it while

managing authorities are not wil-ling or capable to change the ope-

rational programmes in the mid-term.

Source:MemberStatesStrategicReports,S

eptember2009-

January2010

ArchivLHHannover

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Zagreb Eergy Week:networkig orsustaiabilityThe same event unitingacademics and pre-school

children, entrepreneurs,

elementary school pupils andcitizens? The Zagreb Energy

Week proves that this ispossible - with debates,

seminars and study visits for

grown-ups, drawings and theconstruction of windmill models

for the younger ones. Every year

every corner of the city buzzeswith energy during one week.

The event is an opportunity fornetworking around a common

interest: The city and its quality

of life!

VISION

Through the IMAGINE (the energy future of your

city) initiative, Energy Cities invites cities, their citi-zens, businesses and associations to co-build long-

term visions of a city. Support from the

Commission to build such visions would be most welcome.Society as a whole, and not just the same old circle of specia-

lists, should be able to take part in the debate.

www.energy-cities.eu/imagine

Cooperation

Partnershipsfor an evenbetter cityThe principle of territorialcohesion places dialoguebetween players at thecentre of territorial action.

How can a place bedeveloped and managed ina balanced way withoutinvolving those who live,work and have fun in it?

Background

The www.3x20.orgplatform is part of theInterreg-funded projectREVE dAvenirco-ordinated by Energy

Cities and the SwissAssociationSuisseEnergie pour lescommunes. It uniteslocal authorities with thecommon aim ofexceeding the EUsclimate and energyobjectives, the 3x20%(energy efficiency, CO

2

and renewables).

www.revedavenir.org


The 3x20 platorm: usig Google mapsto visualise eergy ad CO

2savigs

A local authority that insulates its public buildings, a craftsman who

installs PV panels on his roof or an individual who decides to

change all his/her light bulbs... only a few people would know aboutthis, where it happens and how many energy savings it generates

in total. At least until now

The www.3x20.org internet platform will change both minds and

habits. Created for 27 French and Swiss local authorities, all ofthem signatories of the Covenant of Mayors, it is the first onlinetool with which all local actors can:

uEngage for energy-saving measures,

uCalculate savings achieved (in terms of kWh or CO2

emissions

reduced or renewable kWh produced) and produce a DISPLAY

poster,

uGeolocalise the action(s), and

uExchange ideas within the 3x20 community, post their actions

and make friends with others near to them.

Do you know a better way of making territorial cohesion actionsaccountable and visible to everyone?

Create your account on www.3x20.org and look at the pro-files of the 27 local authorities

bleu-vertcommunication

DOSSIER


Sustainabilityor profitability?Ive chosenboth.

Youll findme in thebus.

Wearing asuit, riding abike!

We are allcraftsmendesigning andbuilding change.

We are active,our house ispassive.

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Coveat o Mayors natioal Clubs:new etworkig platorms are bor!Energy and climate might be a global challenge, but tackling them at the

local level strongly depends on the specificities of your own nationalframework. The NET-COM project, funded by the IEE programme and

coordinated by Energy Cities together with Climate Alliance, involvesseveral national and regional city networks. It allows local authorities andstakeholders from a given country to exchange experiences in this field

and lobby their own governments, particularly concerning the

implementation of Covenant objectives.

Discussions in a national context are already ongoing within the FrenchClub of the Covenant of Mayors which was inaugurated in 2010 at the

initiative of Energy Cities and under the coordination of its Vice-President,

Deputy Mayor of Paris, Denis Baupin. A similar effort is underdevelopment in Germany: initiated by the City of Heidelberg and

coordinated by Energy Cities and Climate Alliance, the club is to beunveiled in October 2011. Other such national networking platforms are to

be developed in Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland,

Romania, Slovakia, Sweden and the Baltic area.

www.energy-cities.eu/Covenant-of-Mayors,1424


Barceloa Eergy Pla:everyoe has a sayFrom socio-psychologists to energy engineers,

municipal staff to neighbour associations - people from

more than 100 entities participated in the consultationprocess of Barcelonas Energy, Climate Change and Air

Quality Plan. Besides a series of workshops, aninternet discussion forum set up by the municipality

helped widen the participation: 900 persons debated

and voted online for the outlined proposals. Afterfurther real-life discussions with selected

stakeholders, a general feedback session wasorganised in which participants were invited to give

their impressions and conclusions on the participative

process itself. Interestingly, despite being of a technicalnature, the workshops also identified the need for

effective communication tools with the citizens!

BackgroundThe Barcelona Energy Agencypromotes, manages andfollows up the citys Energy,Climate Change and Air Quality

Plan, with the twofoldapproach of maintaining acontinuously updateddiagnosis of the citys energysituation, alongside theimplementation of 109 projectsidentified within the plan forthe next 10 years (2011-2020).Thanks to the actionsforeseen, the city assumes itsCovenant of Mayorscommitment.

www.barcelonaenergia.cat

Vision

A city or peopleto live iThe city of tomorrow

will integrate energy

and territories and willlook pretty much like

the city of today... butonly from the outside,

as it will have a very

different use.

The city of the future will

restore public space tothe people and will let its

inhabitants takepossession of it. Each and

every one of us and our

social relationships willdetermine how this city

will operate: a dense city

characterised by excellentaccessibility to services

thanks to proximity, publictransport, pedestrian

zones and cycling

facilities. Such a city seesthe return of locally

produced goods, services

and farm products.Instead of running from

the city centre to itsperiphery, we will move

around in a much more

energy efficient urbanarea our urban area

composed of several

dynamic, attractivecentres.

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Resource-efficiency requires a European strategy for heat!In February 2011, Energy Cities, Euroheat & Power, Cecodhas Housing Europe,

CEWEP, COGEN Europe and EFIEES got together to focus their attention on theheating sector and to be united in their call for strong action on energy efficiency.

Sharing the conviction that local energy concepts hold the key to an acceleratedtransition to a sustainable energy future, the associations produced a joint statement

entitled Europe needs a strategy for Heat. They believe that heating and cooling

should be viewed as a market in its own right, as doing so provides importantpossibilities for energy integration and efficiency.

This lays the foundations for a new initiative launched by Energy Cities: the network

is about to create an Alliance for Territorial Energy. It will gather key public, private

and associative stakeholders willing to foster a European energy policy based onterritorial cohesion, innovation, inclusion and job creation.

The potential for decentralised energy innovation in territories is far greater than in

big energy suppliers in terms of techniques, methods, system optimisation,governance and citizenship throughout the coming decades. Millions of jobs havealready been created and the future potential is far from being exploited.

www.energy-cities.eu/IMG/pdf/110202_Press_Release_JointHeatStatement_sf.pdf

Decentralised energy

With the new Alliance,the heat is on!

Transport

The gree drivers licece -Low-emissio zoes iEuropea cities

If you were a

German driver, agreen, orange or

red sticker on

your carwindscreen

would tell

whether you areauthorised to circulate in a German

urban area. Similar schemes exist inother countries even though the type of

access restriction and the instruments

adopted vary. The objective is alwaysthe same: to improve air quality,

circulation and quality of life.

So-called low-emission zones or greenzones are being created by an

increasing number of European cities. Awebsite has been set up to give an

overview of these different types of

zones. Find out who can drive where on

www.lowemissionszones.eu

The issue of sustainable urbanmobility is regularly addressed by

Energy Cities, involved in the

co-ordination of the EuropeanMobility Week website and

participant in the Ad Personam

project.

www.mobilityweek.orgwww.marketingpublictransport.eu


Eergy Cities membersactios tur up the heatuBielsko-Biaa (Poland): uses heat

pumps to supply thermal energy at a

Wastewater Treatment Plant and anaquatic leisure centre.

uBrussels (Belgium): renewable heat for

350 flats - installed a cogenerationsystem combined with thermal solar

panels.

uDelft (Netherlands): established a new

local district heating network for 20,000

homes.uVxj (Sweden): was one of the first

cities in Sweden to use biomass for

co-generation of district heating andelectricity.

More in the online database withalmost 500 cities actions:www.energy-cities.eu

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On 8 March 2011, the European

Commission published its newEnergy Efficiency Plan. The very first

line points to energy efficiency as the

top priority of the 2011-2020 energystrategy: Energy efficiency is at the

heart of the EUs Europe 2020

Strategy for smart, sustainable andinclusive growth and of the transition

to a resource-efficient economy.Energy Cities welcomes this new

opening and is pleased to see that

the Covenant of Mayors is featured in

the Plan: The Covenant is a formalcommitment to reduce signatories

CO2

emissions by more than 20% by

2020 through sustainable energy

measures on their territories. Thenetwork also appreciates the fact that

other initiatives (Smart Cities andCommunities) are being developed

on the basis of the Covenant.

However, the word action has been

removed from the title. This

exacerbates the lack of ambitions andconcrete objectives of this plan.

Along the same lines, the overall plandoesnt constitute a response that

matches the scale of the challenges,

despite a series of encouragingmeasures.

Already the statement of the

European summit in February 2011made no break from tradition: After

highlighting the need to harness the

whole energy saving potential ofvarious sectors to achieve the targets

set for 2020, the Heads of State andgovernment finally decidedto do

nothing or almost nothing. They

specifically refused the idea ofbinding energy saving targets,

although this had been a request of

the European Parliament in

December 2010. If we do not put this

business-as-usual attitude behindus, there is, indeed, little chance that

the 20% energy efficiency target will

be reached in 2020!

www.energy-cities.eu/2011-Energy-Efficiency-Plan-Where

Energy efficiency,a wish in vain?

Figures

World eergy subsidiesIn 2007, around 288 bn EUR in subsidies have been allocated to energy world wide.

3billionEUR

energyefficiency

10billionEUR

biofuel

11billionEUR

nuclear

14billionEUR

electricity

18billionEUR

renewables

18billionEURcoal

77billionEUR

natural gas

127billionEUR

petroleum products

Source:InternationalEnergyAgency,

2007

Accordig to the World Eergy Outlook 2010 o the Iteratioal Eergy Agecy, thecomplete removal o ossil-uel subsidies would reduce CO

2emissios by 5.8% i 2020

(compared to a busiess-as-usual sceario).

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Rendezvous

with... JanOlbrychtMember of the EU Parliamentfor the Christian-Democrats,Jan Olbrycht is also President ofthe URBAN Housing Intergroupof the Parliament.

Mr. Olbrycht, what will be ecessary tomaitai ad icrease the success o the

Coveat o Mayors ad to ecouragecities to practically implemet actioswith a log-term eect?

There are different motivations for cities to join

the Covenant of Mayors. A first motive and weall know it - is the possibility to access new

financial resources for implementing CO2

reduction programs. A second motive is to

become part of an elite group. For mayors and

councillors, the official commitment to prepareand implement a sustainable action plan justifies

internal actions and it can facilitate theintroduction of some necessary measures.

The long-term effect takes place if there is an

efficient follow-up as well as opportunities tonetwork.

Which appropriate iacial measuresare you ready to support or ow ad orthe post-2013 period to empower localauthorities o eergy ad climateactio?

For a Mayor it is important to show that his

signature facilitates the discovery of investors

and will have a leverage effect at national or locallevel.

I think it will be necessary to have one financialinstrument dedicated to the Covenant. When

public EU money is given to beneficiaries, eco-

conditionalities have to be introduced. TheCovenant can be a good eligibility criteria.

The big mistake currently is that administrationscreate special funds for everything: special fundsfor energy, special funds for climate, special

funds for CO2. We need to have an integrated

approach. That is why ELENA is interesting.

TheURBAN Housing

IntergroupWith more than 90

partners and 70MEPs, this group hasbecome a true powerof persuasion within

the EuropeanParliament in the field

of urban policy.

OlbrychtWiktorDabkowski

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Covenant of Mayors

Even more

exchange, evenmore resultsWhile more and more local authorities are joining the over 2200

signatories, others are already busy turning their commitmentsinto concrete, measurable actions. Indeed, an ever-increasing

number of Signatories are now moving from planning to

implementation. The Catalogue of Sustainable Energy ActionPlans is an illustration of the emerging results. It is available on

the website and offers insights into the key measures andpriorities set out by front-running cities.

Showcasing the exemplary actions of

Covenant actors is only one of thenumerous functionalities of the revamped

web portal. Indeed, the website is about toturn into a genuine exchange platform with

opportunities to interact through webinarsand a full-blown Extranet. In line with this information-sharing

objective, the Covenant of Mayors Office, led by Energy Cities,

is officially launching its Thematic Discussion Groups. Thesededicated forums allow Covenant actors ranging from small

municipalities to large regions and networks - to exchange

virtually or face to face on their specific experiences,expectations and perspectives.

www.eumayors.eu

OPINIONEurope must strongly

root its energy shift

within our local economicand social fabric.

In this regards the Covenantof Mayors has been a

success story, setting a

model of governance also for other policies.After a successful start-up and expansion,

the Covenant needs to be consolidated

through practical implementation. Failure todo so would ultimately undermine the

credibility of Europe in the eyes of the

cities and regions. To this end, theCommittee is ready to further reinforce the

political partnership with the EuropeanCommission and the Covenant

stakeholders.

Mercedes Bresso, President of the

Committee of the Regions (CoR)

Publications

Great

informationresources

Europes special

report o thenatioal ReewableEergy ActioPlas, ENDS, 2010A special report outlininggoals and measures to boost

renewable energy use.

www.endseurope.com/docs/100930a.pdf

Cost-Optimality.Discussigmethodology adchalleges withithe recast EergyPerormace oBuildigsDirective, BPIE, 2010This publication was created

by the BuildingsPerformance Institute

Europe in support of aprocess that started

following the EPBD recast

(Directive 2010/31/EU) todiscuss the calculation

methodology. The documentis targeted at all internal and

external stakeholders of this

process and explains thebackground process and

generic principles of the

methodology.

www.eceee.org/buildings/docs

The eergy report:100% reewableeergy by 2050,WWF Ecofys, 2010Needing a 2-year preparation,

the WWF Energy Report isa provocative vision of a

world entirely run on

renewable energy by 2050. Itcomes in two parts. The first

part seeks to generate adiscussion around the

comprehensively researched

scenario that is presented inthe 2nd part, conducted by

project partner consultancy

Ecofys.

http://assets.panda.org/downloads/101223_energy_report_final_print_2.pdf

CommuityplaigGrowing numbers of

residents are gettinginvolved with professionals

in shaping their localenvironment. This website is

an essential starting point for

everyone concerned. Itprovides easily accessible

how-to-do-it best practice

information: methods,scenarios, projects, toolkits,

case studies, videos,publications...

CoR

www.communityplanning.net

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Buildings

The Smart-eBuildigs campaigmakes eergy-eiciecy viralEurope needs more energy-

efficient buildings! Such is the

message of the Smart-eBuildings campaign which aims

at encouraging 2 million

Europeans to act through aninteractive web portal using the

power of social media. Not only

is the portal a source ofinformation - that complements

the existing Build Up website but it is also a platform where

building owners and

professionals will be able toexchange experiences and

ideas, thus being empowered totake action.

And to continue the Smart-e

Buildings mobilisation campaignoffline, a network of national

and European Parliamentarians

has been set up, with eventsorganised in national

parliaments as well as in the EU

Parliament. Local authorities willbe invited to spread the

message and encourageinvestments in buildings via

local campaigns.

The IEE-funded campaign wasdesigned by leading

associations, agencies and

companies specialised inrenewable energy, energy

efficiency and sustainablecommunication, including

Energy Cities.

www.energy-cities.eu/Smart-e-Buildings

IMAGINE:an importantresource for citiesOver the past few months, the

philosophy and framework for action

proposed by the IMAGINE initiativeproved to be useful to cities willing to

take responsibility for their energyfuture.

IMAGINE has already locally inspired

and contributed to participativeevents, notably in Figueres (Spain),

Rennes and Mulhouse (both inFrance). A number of large-scale

events have enabled stakeholders

from all levels to exchange ideas. TheBrussels 2010 Open Days, for

instance, provided an opportunity to address multilevel governance, whereas the 5th IMAGINE

seminar in Arc-et-Senans highlighted the tools and methods encouraging participation andsocial dialogue.

The document entitled Governance and vision published as part of the IMAGINE initiative

analyses the way cities address the energy and territories issue via long-term visions.

IMAGINE is at the centre of Energy Cities foresight reflection.

www.energy-cities.eu/imagine

YvesPetit

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Shared eergy: a ew associatioad iacig toolIn many European countries, the system is such that only large

operators can invest in renewable energy, thus preventing the

emergence of decentralised energy production.Knowing that, French players from the renewable energy sector

- including ALE 08 (Ardennes local energy agency), a member ofEnergy Cities created the Energie partage Shared Energy

association in June 2010. This Association advocates for

reducing energy consumption, developing a productionexclusively based on renewable energies and

giving local authorities an active role in energy

supply and management. To achieve itsobjectives, the Association has an EPI a

shared energy investment the first financing

tool for citizens willing to invest in renewableenergy production and energy efficiency.

www.energie-partagee.org

Let the sunshine

in... The POLISproject shedslight on solarurban planningHow to integrate energy efficien-

cy and solar energy in the design

of a city? What does it take interms of planning and legislation?

Our member cities Lyon, Malm,

Munich and Paris as well asVitoria-Gasteiz and Lisbon know

what it means to integrate solaraspects in routine urban planning

and decision-making. This is why

they are taking part in the POLISproject, which invites local authori-

ties in different states of urban

development to collaborate witheach other in order to share their

experiences and knowledge ofsolar town planning.

The current solar planningpractices of several Europeancities are presented onwww.polis-solar.eu


Climate protection: a daily taskI Freiburg ad Besao, 200 amilies areactively ivolved i protectig the climateSince the 50th anniversary of their twinning in 2009, the cities ofFreiburg-im-Breisgau (Germany) and Besanon (France) have given

new impetus to their co-operation in the fields of energy and

climate protection. The time for unilateral transfers of know-knowfrom Freiburg to Besanon is over, now comes the time of true

political exchanges and technical co-operation!The 200 families take action for the climate initiative aims at

encouraging families to rethink their lifestyles. It was inspired by

an initiative launched in Besanon and it is now transposed to theother side of the Rhine. Both cities propose incentives to their

citizens in the fields of waste, energy, food, consumption and

mobility.

Participants give their feedback and communicate with otherfamilies around them. At the end of the project, a Klima-

Kochkurs (cooking lesson for the climate) will gather participants

in Besanon. This exchange between twinned cities gives aspecific flavour to the project whilst adding a cultural component.

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ENGAGE for energyand climate,

make the difference for Europe!

ENGAGE for energy & climate

ENGAGE is a pan-European communication initiativethat aims to involve citizens and stakeholders toparticipate in building a sustainable energy future atthe local level. Posters are the main communicationchannel used to raise awareness for the campaign andto locally share the Covenant of Mayors goals, theEuropean Union 3x20 objectives.

Creativity

Mobilise thaks tothe display o postersThanks to a user-friendly online

tool, local authorities can create aposter with a concrete

engagement from each participant

involved in the campaign. Creativeposters facilitate local

communication and canencourage ENGAGE participants

to make real energy savings!

ENGAGEd cities can display theirposters on their local website as

well as in the European gallery on

the project website.

Visit the European gallery onhttp://citiesengage.eu/

european_gallery.html

12 pioeer cities rom 12 coutries alreadyegaged ad assisted by the commuicatioexpert Futerra Sustaiability Commuicatios:Heidelberg (DE), Ivanic-Grad (HR), Oeiras (PT), Helsinki (FI), Pamplona

(ES), Rennes (FR), Vxj (SE), Lige (BE), Rimini (IT), Heerlen (NL),

Leicester (GB), Bielsko-Biaa (PL)More than 3,300 stakeholders and citizens will feature in the

posters throughout these ENGAGEd cities!

Join!

I you too would liketouinvolve your local authority in

reducing its energyconsumption,

utake visible action thanks to the

display of attractive posters, and

ushow that participative PR

campaigns lead to real energysavings,

then ENGAGE your city and

join the European Campaign onwww.citiesengage.eu!

FreinenerstenSchrittistesniezuspt!AnjaNllingmitJuleneKrohn-Oktober2010

www.klimasuchtschutz.heidelberg.de

MecomprometoaadaptarmicocheparausarGLPcomocombustible.David, empleadomunicipal. -Marzo2011

www.pamplona.es

ElAyuntamientodePamplonasecomprometeafacilitarlaaccesibilidaduniversalenlaciudad.

YolandaBarcina,AlcaldesadePamplona. -Marzo2011

www.pamplona.es

Konpromisoahartzen dut,bertakoproduktuakerosteko

JoseLuis-2011kourtarrila

www.pamplona.es

Obvezujemse zamanjekupovinekorisiti biciklJelena,studentica-veljaa2011

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