ECONOMIC HISTORY OF CANADA

PRESENTED BY: MANDEEP KAUR BAINS SHEENAM & VINIT

THE FIRST NATIONS

Native peoples of Canada Came from Asia 12,000 years ago Crossed Bering Land Bridge that joined

Russia to Alaska 12 tribes made up the First Nations Canada's economic history begins with the

hunting, farming and trading societies of the First Nations

No monetary system was followed.

Canada made up of………

Indian refers to all Aboriginal people who are not Inuit or Métis.

The Inuit, which means “the people” in the Inuktitut language, live in small, scattered communities across the Arctic.

The Métis are a distinct people of mixed Aboriginal and European ancestry, the majority of whom live in the Prairie provinces

About 65% of the Aboriginal people are First Nations, while 30% are Métis and 4% Inuit.

The First Europeans

European exploration began in earnest in 1497 with the expedition of John Cabot, who was the first to draw a map of Canada’s East Coast.The Vikings from Iceland who colonized Greenland 1,000 years ago also reached Labrador and the island of Newfoundland.

CARTIER'S NEW FRANCE

Jacques Cartier sailed up the St. Lawrence River in 1534 and claimed the land for France.French colonists named the area New France

QUEBEC

In 1608--Samuel de Champlain built the first permanent French settlement in Quebec.Many people moved inland to trap animals—hats made of beaver fur were in high demand in Europe

Atlantic fisheriesThe earliest European settlements in Canada were the fisheries of the East Coast, especially the Grand Banks off Newfoundland. Boats from France, Portugal, Spain, and Great Britain would traverse the Atlantic fish for a summer and then return laden with fish.

Fur tradeThe fur trade  was key to the development of the Canadian interior. In Europe, hats from beaver pelts had become especially fashionable and valuable, and the forests of North America were home to many of the creatures.

Agriculture & Farming

Farming was generally quite profitable, especially after 1896. The major changes involved mechanization of technology and a shift toward output of high-grade consumer oriented products," such as milk, eggs and vegetables for the fast-growing urban markets

Rise of new industries

In 1871 two great industries milling and lumbering

In 1920 minimum wages legislation

Rapid industrialization between 1896 and 1914

1890 rise of electrical equipment's and chemicals industry

1900 rise of cars and aluminum industry

1890 – 1914 pulp and paper

1920 radio and home appliances

1940 aircraft

1970 nuclear power

Coal and steel

Many factories started to grow in 1879 when dominion tariff was raised

Mid 19th century coal and steel began to edge out wood and sail

When the railway building boomed in post 1900 the coal and steel industry started making more money and raised small industries.

War and economic depression

Great depression between 1914-1940, difficult conditions phrase for Canada's economy.

Price increased for manufactured goods which came from outside.

Price of primary products remained unchanged

Oil and Gas

First oil was discovered in 1778 at Athabasca oil sand.

1945 new resource base development was oil, gas and potash.

increase in pipeline networks

BC started producing oil and gas

Manitoba & BC acquired hydroelectric plants and aluminum smelting