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Hoplestethus atlanticusPseudopentaceros wheeleri
Drivers of Change in Marine Ecosystems
driver of change can be de
.
. .
.
Gadus morhua
Box 3.1. Direct and Indirect Drivers of Change in Coastal and Marine Ecosystems (adapted from MA 2005a)
TYPE COASTAL OCEANIC
DIRECT Endogenous Fishing
Exogenous
INDIRECT Endogenous
Exogenous Technological change
How inappropriate to call this planet Earth, when it
is clearly Ocean.
Arthur C. Clark
human dimensions
why people do the things they do
.
the ‘aina
oceans are peopled seascapes
people as culprits of ocean change we can describe people as cooperative, recuperative, restorative agents of ocean change
3. A New Interdisciplinary Marine Research Agenda
both
the connections between coastal and marine
Box 3.2. Terrestrial Approaches Are Necessary but Not Sufficient for Understanding Oceans as Peopled Seascapes
marine
peopled
Limitations of data are more of an issue in marine environments than in terrestrial environments.
relatively
Ocean ecosystems exhibit fundamental ecological and evolutionary differences from terrestrial
systems.
Human–environment interactions are fundamentally different on land and in the sea.
Conservation Biology
Advances in historical ecology
Society & Natural Resources
Na-
ture
En-
vironment
Science
Linking social and ecological systems: Manage-
ment practices and social mechanisms for building
resilience,
Navi-
gating social–ecological systems: Building resilience
for complexity and change.
Sacred ecology: Traditional ecological
knowledge and resource management.
Conservation Biology
Nature
Marine
pollution in the United States.
Environmental History
Geoforum
Progress in
Physical Geography .
Journal of International Wildlife Law
and Policy
Annals of the Association of
American Geographers
Conservation Biology
Human Ecology
Ecologi-
cal Applications
Social nature:
Theory, practice and politics.
Fish and Fisheries
Fisheries
Marine Ecol-
ogy Progress Series
Historical ecology: Cultural
knowledge and changing landscapes
Human
Ecology
American Naturalist
Ecological effects of fishing in marine ecosystems of
the United States.
Journal of Environmental Quality
Environmental Conservation
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Critical political ecology: The politics of
environmental science.
Society &
Natural Resources
Science
Linking social and ecological systems: Management
practices and social mechanisms for building res-
lience ,
Property
rights and the natural environment.
Hansen Traditional
knowledge and intellectual property: A handbook on
issues and options for traditional knowledge holders in
protecting their intellectual property and maintaining
biological diversity.
Sci-
ence .
Ecology Letters
Science
Science
Trends in Ecology and Evolution
Climate change 2007: Synthesis report.
Science
Coral
Reefs
Keau‘oko‘a
Marine Pol-
icy
Ecology and Society
Pro-
ceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Marine community ecology
ICES Journal of Marine Science
The lie of the land: Challenging received
wisdom on the African environment
The lie of the
land: Challenging received wisdom on the African
environment.
Trends in
Ecology and Evolution
Nature
Conserva-
tion Ecology
Science
Eco-
systems and human well-being: A framework for as-
sessment
Ecosystems and human well-being: Current state and
trends
Ecosystems and human well-being: Wetlands and
water synthesis
Ecological Applications
Geoforum
Annals of the Association of American Ge-
ographers
Human Organization
Advances in Human Ecology
Rights to nature: Ecological, economic, cultural,
and political principles of institutions for the environ-
ment
Understanding the cultures of
fishing communities: A key to fisheries management
and food security.
Fish
and Fisheries
Science
Nature
Naked science: Anthropological in-
quiry into boundaries, power, and knowledge.
NCCOS human dimensions strategic
plan. FY2009–FY2014.
Who will save the forests: Knowledge, power
and environmental destruction,
Nature
Anthropological Quarterly
Environmental Management
BioScience
Science
Science
The drama of the
commons.
Annual
Review of Ecology and Systematics
Science
Trends in Ecology and Evo-
lution
Nature
PLoS One
Science
Bulle-
tin of Marine Science
Ocean and Coastal
Management
An-
nual Review of Ecology and Systematics
Journal of
Environmental Quality
International
Social Science Journal
Place and placelessness
Trends in Ecology and Evo-
lution
Science
Frontiers in Ecology and Environment
Annual Review of Environment
and Resources
Science
Environmental Conserva-
tion .
Annals of the As-
sociation of American Geographers
Annual
Review of Ecology and Systematics
Space and place: The perspective of ex-
perience
Decolonizing methodologies: Re-
search and indigenous peoples.
Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences
Fisheries Management and Ecology
Marine and coastal ecosystems and human
wellbeing: A synthesis report based on the findings
of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
BioScience
Environ-
mental History
Ecology and Society
Nature
Nature
Theragra chalcogramma ICES
Journal of Marine Science
Status of the coral reefs of
the world: 2008
Ecology and
Society
Science
Political ecology:
An integrative approach to geography and environ-
ment-development studies
Environment
Political
ecology: An integrative approach to geography and
environment-development studies