EcosystemsBy: ___________

Table of Contents

1. Word Bank pg. 12. What I Know pg. 63. Word Bank #2 pg. 184. Pond Ecosystem pg. 215. Ocean Ecosystem pg. 226. Swamp Ecosystem pg. 23 7. Forest Ecosystem pg. 248. Meadow Ecosystem pg. 259. Louisiana Ecosystem pg. 26

Word Bank

1. classification –

2. kingdom – pg. 196

3. species – pg.196

4. vertebrate – pg. 198

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Word Bank

5. invertebrate – pg. 198

6. nonvascular – pg. 200

7. vascular – pg. 201

8. seed – an undeveloped plant, stored food, and a protective covering

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Word Bank

9. spore – cell that can develop into a plant exactly like the one that

produced it (parent)

10. angiosperm – a seed plant that does produce a flower. (apple tree)

11. gymnosperm – a seed plant that does not produce a flower. (Douglas fir)

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Word Bank

13. ecosystem – the living and nonliving things that are in an area.

14. food chain – a model that shows the path (trasfer) of nrg and nutrients in an ecosystem.

15. producer- organisms in the plant kingdom that use the sun’s nrg to make their own food.

16. consumer – any animal that eats plants or other animals.

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Word Bank

17. decomposer – an organism that breaks down decaying (dead and rotting) plant or animal materials.

18. Herbivore – an animal that eats only plants

19. Carnivore – an animal that only eats meat (other animals)

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What I Know

There are six Kingdoms

Archeabacteria, Eubacteria, Animals, Plant, Fungi, and Protist

The Kingdom is the largest and most broad term used in classifying organisms on Earth.

Species is the most specific term used in classifying organisms on Earth. (Example: lynx, pigmy rabbit, apple head Chihuahua…)

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What I Know

Classification of Organisms:

Kingdom

Phylum

Class (Reptile) more specific

Order

Family (Viper)

Genus

Species

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What I Know 8

Animal Kingdom

Vertebratesinvertebrates

cowsnakefishjellyfishdragonflysponge

What I Know 9

Plant Kingdom

Non vascular Vascular

hornwortMoss Liverworts Pine treefernFlowering

plant

What I Know 10

Fungi Kingdom

Mildew morel

yeastmold

Rust

Smut mushroom

What I Know

Ecosystems include living and nonliving thingsLiving things – animals, plants, fungi, bacteria…Nonliving things – Sun, water, soil, air, rocks, …

Energy in a food chain moves in one direction. (nrg moves toward the organism that is EATING)

Arrows represent the nrg flow in a food chain.

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What I Know

Energy for all food chains starts with the SUN.

Herbivores are primary consumers (1st level consumer). They are the first organisms to eat.

Carnivores can be secondary consumers (2nd level consumers). They can also be tertiary consumers (3rd level consumer)

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What I Know

Omnivores can be primary (1st level), secondary (2nd level) or tertiary (3rd level) consumers.

Decomposers break down dead organisms and return the nutrients to the soil.

Scavengers eat the remains of organisms that they did not hunt or kill.

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What I Know

There must be more prey than predators to have a successful food chain.

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What I Know 15

Energy Pyramid

nrg

What I Know Food webs give food chains more options for survival

when resources for food run low.

Populations in the same area compete with each other for resources like food, shelter and water.

Example: Competition with own kind

1 fox against another fox for rabbit.

Example: Competition with other populations.

sea cucumber against sea urchin against mussel for kelp.

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What I Know Organisms have 2 kinds of adaptations

1. structural – AN ADAPTATION THAT ARE ADJUSTMENTS TO THE INTERNAL (INSIDE) OR EXTERNAL (OUTSIDE) OF AN ORGANISM.

examples: thick waxy cuticle of cacti, webbed feet of ducks, talons of falcons2. behavioral – AN ADAPTATION THAT ARE ADJUSTMENTS

TO AN ANIMALS BEHAVIOR examples: elephant holding on to mom’s

tail, wolves and fish travel in packs, any symbiotic relationship (clownfish / anemone, rhino / little bird), sea

otter’s rock tummy Other adaptations include:

1. Nocturnal feeding time2. mimicry3. camouflage

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Word Bank #2

20. Omnivore – an animal that eats both plants and animals.

21. Predator – an organism that hunts and kills other organisms for food.

22. Prey – an organism that is eaten by another organism (predator)

23. Population – includes all members of a singles species, in a given area, at a given time

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Word Bank #2

24. Food web –

25. Competition –

26. Adaptation –

27. Biotic factor –

28. Abiotic factor –

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Word Bank #2 29. Adaptation – pg. 250

30. Migration – pg 251

31. hibernation – pg. 251

32. mimicry – pg. 256

33. Pollution – pg. 276

34. Ozone – pg. 278

35. Litter – pg. 277

36. Smog – pg. 278

37. Pollutant – pg. 280

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NO DOS TODAY!!TODAY’S ASSIGNMENT:Make a new page in your “Table of Contents”

for the various ecosystems. Each ecosystem should have its own page.

(Pond, Ocean, Marsh / Swamp, Forest, and Meadow)Example: #3 would be “Pond Ecosystem”

#4 would be “Ocean Ecosystem” and so on…

Draw a food chain that would belong in each particular ecosystem.

Label each organism as a producer, consumer, or decomposer

Label each organism as an herbivore, carnivore, or omnivore.

Label each organism as 1st (primary), 2nd (secondary), or 3rd (tertiary) level consumer

Pond Ecosystem

In my ecosystem I need a food chain that has:

All Organisms drawn.

All organisms labeled

1. Consumer? Producer? or decomposer?

2. 1st level (primary) consumer? 2nd level (secondary) consumer? Or 3rd level (tertiary) consumer?

3. Herbivore? Omnivore? Carnivore?

Coloring is bonus for this ecosystem.

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Ocean Ecosystem

In my ecosystem I need:

All Organisms drawn.

All organisms labeled

1. Consumer? Producer? or decomposer?

2. 1st level (primary) consumer? 2nd level (secondary) consumer? Or 3rd level (tertiary) consumer?

3. Herbivore? Omnivore? Carnivore?

Coloring is bonus for this ecosystem.

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Swamp / Marsh Ecosystem

In my ecosystem I need:

All Organisms drawn.

All organisms labeled

1. Consumer? Producer? or decomposer?

2. 1st level (primary) consumer? 2nd level (secondary) consumer? Or 3rd level (tertiary) consumer?

3. Herbivore? Omnivore? Carnivore?

Coloring is bonus for this ecosystem.

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Forest Ecosystem

In my ecosystem I need:

All Organisms drawn.

All organisms labeled

1. Consumer? Producer? or decomposer?

2. 1st level (primary) consumer? 2nd level (secondary) consumer? Or 3rd level (tertiary) consumer?

3. Herbivore? Omnivore? Carnivore?

Coloring is bonus for this ecosystem.

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Meadow Ecosystem

In my ecosystem I need:

All Organisms drawn.

All organisms labeled

1. Consumer? Producer? or decomposer?

2. 1st level (primary) consumer? 2nd level (secondary) consumer? Or 3rd level (tertiary) consumer?

3. Herbivore? Omnivore? Carnivore?

Coloring is bonus for this ecosystem.

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Louisiana Ecosystem

In my ecosystem I need:

All Organisms drawn.

All organisms labeled

1. Consumer? Producer? or decomposer?

2. 1st level (primary) consumer? 2nd level (secondary) consumer? Or 3rd level (tertiary) consumer?

3. Herbivore? Omnivore? Carnivore?

Coloring is bonus for this ecosystem.

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Land Food Web

Draw the picture from pg. 238 – 239 Choose to COLOR OR LABEL Both is BONUS

Water Food Web

Draw the picture from pg. 239 or 240 Choose to COLOR OR LABEL Both is BONUS

What I know #2

The things people do everyday affect the environment.

Factors that Pollute Soil - Chemicals (oil, gas, chemical leak/ toxic waste)- Litter (trash not properly disposed of)- Pesticides

Plants absorb nutrients from the soil and can also absorb these harmful pollutants.

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What I know #2

Factors that Pollute the Air- Aerosol cans (hair spray, etc. )- Dust- Smog- Smoke (from people or exhaust pipes)- Chemicals (factories)- Trash (burning)- Ashes (erupting volcanoes)

These pollutants that reach the air are creating much damage (holes) in the ozone layer.

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What I know #2

Factors that Pollute Water

- Polluted groundwater runoff (sewage)

- Oil and gas and trash (from boats)

- Sediment (can smother fish)

- Fertilizer and animal waste

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