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AN ECO-FRIENDLY FIVE STAR HOTEL HARSHITHA.G.RAJU, THESIS REPORT , IX SEM ,B.ARCH ,UVCE .

C E R T I F I C A T E

THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT THE THESIS PROJECT ENTITLED ECOTEL-AN ECO-FRIENDLY FIVE STAR HOTEL HAS BEEN CARRIED OUT BY MISS.HARSHITHA.G.RAJU, STUDENT OF IX SEMESTER B. ARCH., UNDER OUR SUPERVISION & GUIDANCE IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE FROM BANGALORE UNIVERSITY DURING THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2009-2010

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INTERNAL GUIDE HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

AR.HAROON SALIM PROF.S.V.RAVINDRA

BANGALORE UNIVERSITYUNIVERSITY VISVESWARAYA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERINGJNANA BHARATHI, BANGALORE-5600562009-10ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel2ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am profoundly grateful to Mr. Haroon Salim, for his untiring guidance and constant inspiration throughout this work.I am thankful to prof. S.V.Ravindra,Professor, Chairman, Faculty Architecture Department, U.V.C.E, Bangalore University, for suggesting the topic and providing the need during the my project work. I am thankful to Mr. Nagendra and Mr. Satyam Vora for their patient and valuable guidance. I am thankful to Mr. Solagne Montillaud-Joyel,Associate Programme Officerof UNEP,France (United Nations Environment Programme) to have provided the needful information. I am thankful to ITC Welcome group for their timely co-operation and guidance.I am ever grateful to my parents ,friends and relatives who have helped me in completing this project.

Finally, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to all who have directly or indirectly helped me in successful completion of project work.

HARSHITHA . G.RAJUIX SEM,B.ARCH,UVCE

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelCONTENTSINTRODUCTIONOVERVIEW OF HOTEL INDUSTRY IN INDIAECO-TOURISMNEED FOR THE PROJECTBASIC AIMOBJECTIVESCOPELIMITATIONSCASE STUDYREQUIREMENTSSITE LOCATION & LAYOUTSITE ANALYSIS-PHYSICAL FEATURESDESIGN APPROACH AND TECHNOLOGIESBIBLIOGRAPHY

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelCHAPTER I . INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

ECOTEL stands for environment friendly hotels. The ecotel collection is a group of hotels since 1994 (17 in Asia continent as of 2009) that focuses on standards of environmental responsibility in the hospitality industry and excellence of hotels. It is an innovative, socially conscious concept, a hotel that is committed to enhancing the guest experience while setting a new standard of environmental responsibility.

The ecotel collection has developed and updated an environmental certification program for hotels called ecotel certification. The criteria involved in certification are well researched, regularly updated, and reflect the most progressive environmental standards for the hotels. Additionally, a detailed cost-benefit analysis of projected savings is 3prepared. The auditing inspection is stringent, with the auditors present on the property for up to 0 hours and extensive interviewing of hotel staff thus, certification is difficult to obtain, but is a prestigious designation. The certification is based on 5 environmental areas, each of which is designated by a globe.The five globes are:

The criteria for classifications are:

Primary criteria: the hotel must prepare an application and include descriptions of the environmental efforts and programs that are at the hotel. Secondary criteria: inspections are conducted throughout the lodging facility to determine if the environmental programs that the hotel reports are actually part of the day-to-day operations. Each department or function area of the hotel is inspected and scored individually. A percentage score is calculated for each department , and each department must score above a set level to be awarded the certification. Tertiary criteria: are most easily described as a bonus system. The hotel receives bonus points for environmental programs discovered in operation that are not part of the primary criteria, and are considered to be above ordinary levels of environmental responsibility.

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelGLOBAL WARMING AND GREEN HOUSE GASES :

The worlds climate has always varied naturally. Scientists believe however that new kind of climate change is underway. Its impacts on people and ecosystems are to be drastic. Levels of carbon dioxide and other `green house gases in the atmosphere have risen steeply since industrial revolution.Concentrations have increased mainly because of the use of fossil fuels ,deforestration and other human activities, spurred on by economic and population growth. Like a blanket around the planet ,green house gases stop energy escaping from the earths surface and atmosphere.If levels rise too high,excessive warming can distort natural patterns of climate.The main green house gases are :Carbon dioxide (co2)Methane (CH4)Nitrous oxide (N2O)Hydrofluorocarbons (hfcs)Perfluorocarbons (pfcs)Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) The first three are estimated to account for 50,18 and 6 percent respectively ,of the overall global warming effect arising from human activities. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projects that, due to the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, global mean temperatures could increase by between 1.4 and 5.8 degrees Celsius by 2100. The IPCC states that there is compelling evidence that most warming observed in the last 50 years can be attributed to human activity.

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelGHG EMISSIONS FROM DEVELOPING ASIA

Economic growth in the large emerging economies of Asia has been significantly faster than growth in CO2 emissions China and India have thus seen the emissions intensity of their economies fall. In many countries with economies in transition, the decline in CO2 emissions has been the result of economic decline. Strong economic growth in the emerging economies of Asia, powered in large measure by coal combustion, has resulted in a tripling of emissions compared to 1980. For some developing countries with large forested areas and high deforestation rates, land-use change represents a much larger net contributor to GHG emissions than energy and industrial processes.

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelCLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACTS

Recent evidence indicates that current atmospheric CO2 concentrationsare high compared with levels over the last million years.Historical and current pictures of Arctic sea ice and tropical glaciers indicate the extent of warming and melting that has occurred over the past 25-35 years. Global warming is currently raising sea-levels by almost 2 cm per decade, and that rate is expected to increase with rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations.

Recent research suggests that global warming is increasing the intensity of hurricanes and other storms, leading to greater storm damage and coastal flooding. Increase in ocean acidity, with negative impacts on marine biodiversity, including coral and plankton, and thus on the fish that rely on them for habitat and food. Agricultural models suggest that climatic warming will tend to reduce agricultural productivity in the tropics.There are also some indications of changing oceanic circulation patterns, notably in the North Atlantic Gulf Stream, which could lead to disruptive climate change.

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelCHAPTER II . THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

The hospitality sector (i.e. hotels and restaurants) is an essential and dynamic component of the worlds largest industry travel and tourism.

Economic dimensions: Given its size and scope, the international hospitality industry makes a major contribution to gross domestic output. In both developing nations (where tourism may be the primary industry) and developed countries, industry revenues constitute an important part of the local and national economy.They do so viafour major activities, profits earned and distributed to owners, taxes paid on sales,wages and real estate, jobs created; and purchases of supplies and materials. Hotels and restaurants also contribute to the important process of job creation. As a labour intensive industry, hospitality employs large numbers of wage earners, whose taxes and disposable income add to gross domestic output and help to create further employment opportunities.

Environmental dimensions:

Hospitality businesses, like most others, contribute to emissions into theatmosphere (through the use of fossil fuels and ozone-depleting substances and thetransportation of supplies).The hospitality industry can also be considered a significant user of energy in the form of heat and power. As this directly involves the burning of fossil fuels and the emission of greenhouse gases, the hospitality industry is also an indirect contributor to global warming. As a result, industry bodies regularly draw attention to the importance of eliminating ozone-depleting substances in refrigeration, air-conditioning andfire-extinguishing appliances to avoid further contributing to this phenomenon. Water is perhaps the hospitality industrys most important resource.Tourists typically consume considerably more water than local residents. A hotel can consume between 60m3 and 220m3 per guest room per yeardepending on the facilities provided. Most hotels generate large quantities of solid waste including bottles and food packaging, kitchen and garden waste, old furniture and equipment and potentially hazardous wastes such as asbestos and solvents

Conclusions

The triple bottom line the consideration of ecological and social, as well as economic concerns is increasingly guiding business strategy. Since the introduction of Agenda 21 and its adaptation for travel and tourism in 1996,(54) the hospitality industry has introduced numerous voluntary initiatives to reduce thenegative and enhance the positive environmental impacts associated with itsoperations.

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelOVERVIEW OF HOTEL INDUSTRY IN INDIA

The Government of India has accorded hotels the status of high priority industry to enable sustainable development of the sector. Here the term hotel include hotels, motels, way side amenities, restaurants, beach, hill and desert resorts, heritage properties and other kind of tourist complexes which provideaccommodation for or cater to the food requirements of both domestic and foreign tourists. According to the Federation of Hotel and Restaurant Association of India (FHRAI) there are around 1327 approved hotels (Five star Deluxe 65, Five Star 72, Four Star 99, Three Star 402, Heritage 73, Two Star 263, One Star 50, approved 110 and 837 unapproved). There are around 665 restaurants and 303 associates registered. The category wise percentages breakup and region wise distribution of hotels in India is shown in Figure.

Source: Federation of hotel and Restaurant Association of IndiaCategory Wise Percentage Break-up of Hotels in India

Region Wise Percentage Break-up of Hotels in IndiaECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelCHAPTER III . ECO-TOURISM ECO -TOURISM

The definition of tourism was officially adopted by the United NationsStatistical Commission in 1993: Tourism comprises the activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes .

Principles of Ecotourism:Ecotourism is about uniting conservation, communities, and sustainable travel. This means that those who implement and participate in ecotourism activities should follow the following ecotourism principles:Minimize impact. Build environmental and cultural awareness and respect. Provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts. Provide direct financial benefits for conservation. Provide financial benefits and empowerment for local people. Raise sensitivity to host countries' political, environmental, and social climate.

Ecotourism Facts & Statistics:Size of Global Tourism:As the largest business sector in the world economy, the Travel & Tourism industry is responsible for over 230 million jobs and over 10% of the gross domestic product worldwide. In 2006, Travel & Tourism (consumption, investment, government spending and exports) is expected to grow 4.6% and total US$6.5 trillion. Importance to Tourism in Developing Countries:Tourism is a principle "export" (foreign exchange earner) for 83% of developing countries, and the leading export for 1/3 of poorest countries. For the world's 40 poorest countries, tourism is the second most important source of foreign exchange, after oil.

TOURISTS ROLE IN ECO-TOURISM

Tourists have an important role in creating business interest in restructuring towards a sustainable tourism system through their choice of destinations, favouring environmentally friendly means of transport, and choosing environmentally certified hotels, as well as eating in restaurants providing local and/or organic food. Tourists can also help to reduce the impact of their travel by participating in carbon offsetting. The term carbon compensation or offsetting means that anamount of greenhouse gas emissions equal to that caused by a certain activity,i.e. a flight, will be reduced elsewhere. Tourists willing to compensate their travel emissions can calculate these with the help of an online calculator. Tourists can then choose to invest either in energy-efficiency measures (e.g. low-energy light bulbs), renewable energy (e.g. solar power), or carbon sequestration (usually forestry projects).ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelCONTRIBUTION OF TOURISM TO CLIMATE CHANGE

Anthropogenic climate change is caused by greenhouse gasses emitted into the atmosphere, primarily through the burning of fossil fuels. Carbon dioxide(CO2) is the most important greenhouse gas, accounting for an estimated 60%of the warming caused by emissions of greenhouse gas emissions. Accordingto UNWTO-UNEP-WMO (2008), emissions from tourism, including transports,accommodation and activities (excluding the energy used for constructions andfacilities for example) account for about 5% of global CO2 emissions. However,other greenhouse gases also make signifi cant contributions to global warming. Inthe tourism sector, this is particularly relevant for emissions from aviation. In 2005,tourisms contribution to global warming was estimated to contribute between5% and 14% to the overall warming caused by human emissions of greenhouseGases. By 2035, tourisms contribution to climate change may have grown considerably. Arecent scenario developed by the expert team of the technical report in the UNWTOUNEP-WMO (2008) publication considers different emission pathways, including abusiness as usual projection based on anticipated growth rates in tourist arrivals,as well as distances travelled by various means of transport. These projectionsindicate that in terms of the number of trips made, global tourism will grow by179%, while guest nights will grow by 156%. Passenger kilometres travelled willrise by 222%, while CO2 emissions will increase at somewhat lower levels (152%)due to efficiency improvements. The share of aviation-related emissions will growfrom 40% in 2005 to 52% by 2035. Tourisms contribution to global warmingincluding all greenhouse gasses will be even larger, with an expected increase inradiative forcing of up to 188%, most of this once again caused by aviation. Thedevelopment of emissions from tourism and their contribution to global warmingis thus in stark contrast to the international communitys climate change mitigationgoals for the coming decades.

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelCLIMATE CHANGE & IMPACTS ON TOURISM

The response of the tourism community to the challenge of climate changehas visibly increased over the last five years. With its close connections to the environment and climate itself, tourism isconsidered to be a highly climate-sensitive economic sector similar to agriculture,insurance, energy, and transportation. Indeed, climate change is not a remotefuture event for tourism, as the varied impacts of a changing climate are evennow becoming evident at destinations around the world and climate change isalready influencing decision-making in the tourism sector. There are four broad categories of climate change impacts that will affect tourism destinations, their competitiveness and sustainability. Direct climatic impacts: Climate is a principal resource for tourism, as it codeterminesthe suitability of locations for a wide range of tourist activities, is aprincipal driver of global seasonality in tourism demand.

Indirect environmental change impacts: Changes in water availability, biodiversity loss, reduced landscape aesthetic, altered agricultural production (e.g., food and wine tourism), increased natural hazards, coastal erosion and inundation, damage to infrastructure and the increasing incidence of vector-borne diseases will all impact tourism to varying degrees.

Impacts of mitigation policies on tourist mobility: National or internationalmitigation policies that is policies that seek to reduce GHG emissions mayhave an impact on tourist .They are likely to lead to an increase in transport costs and may foster environmental attitudes that lead tourists to change their travel patterns (e.g., shift transport mode or destination choices).

Indirect societal change impacts: Climate change is thought to pose a risk tofuture economic growth and to the political stability of some nations. Any suchreduction of global GDP due to climate change would reduce the discretionarywealth available to consumers for tourism and have negative implications foranticipated future growth in tourism. International tourists are averse to politicalinstability and social unrest, and negative tourism-demand repercussions forclimate change security hotspots, many of which are believed to be in developingnations, are evident.

-source- (UNWTO-UNEP-WMO 2008).

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelCHAPTER I V . SYNOPSISNEED FOR THE PROJECT

Hotel Industry in India has witnessed tremendous boom in recent years. Hotel Industry is inextricably linked to the tourism industry and the growth in the Indian tourism industry has fuelled the growth of Indian hotel industry. The thriving economy and increased business opportunities in India have acted as a boon for Indian hotel industry. The arrival of low cost airlines and the associated price wars have given domestic tourists a host of options. The 'Incredible India' destination campaign and the recently launched 'Atithi Devo Bhavah' (ADB) campaign have also helped in the growth of domestic and international tourism and consequently the hotel industry. The contribution of the hotel industry to the countrys GDP was 6.1 per cent in 2008-09.

In recent years government has taken several steps to boost travel & tourism which have benefited hotel industry in India. These include The abolishment of the inland air travel tax of 15%; Reduction in excise duty on aviation turbine fuel to 8%; and Removal of a number of restrictions on outbound chartered flights, including those relating to frequency and size of aircraft. The government's recent decision to treat convention centres as part of core infrastructure, allowing the government to provide critical funding for the large capital investment that may be required has also fuelled the demand for hotel rooms.

According to a report, Hotel Industry in India currently has supply of 110,000 rooms and there is a shortage of 150,000 rooms fuelling hotel room rates across India. According to estimates demand is going to exceed supply by at least 100% over the next 2 years.

cont.

Category Wise number of Hotel rooms in IndiaECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel According to the latest Tourism Satellite Accounting (TSA) research, released by the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) and its strategic partner Oxford Economics in March 2009: The demand for travel and tourism in India is expected to grow by 8.2 per cent between 2010 and 2019 and will place India at the third position in the world. Indias travel and tourism sector is expected to be the second largest employer in the world, employing 40,037,000 by 2019. Capital investment in India's travel and tourism sector is expected to grow at 8.8 per cent between 2010 and 2019. The report forecasts India to get capital investment worth US$ 94.5 billion in the travel and tourism sector in 2019. India is projected to become the fifth fastest growing business travel destination from 2010-2019 with an estimated real growth rate of 7.6 per cent.

ENVIRONMENTAL PERSPECTIVE ;

Hotel industry consumes a vast range of goods in construction and operation. They generally use huge amounts of energy, consume large amounts of water and generate disproportionate amounts of waste. Hotels are fortunate in that there are many things they can do within existing hotel operations, often at little or no cost, that will save them money both in the short and long term. If a hotel that is minimising its energy and water consumption, if it is making efficient use of resources and reducing waste without compromising on quality or standard of service, it will increase the competitiveness of the business. And so along with their own responsibility to the environment, they are well positioned to encourage others-including their suppliers and business partners to do the same. So hotels can be a formidable force for change towards sustainable development. It is also found that some of the international chain of hotels operating in India does not even have an environmental policy in place while their counterparts in other countries are known for their green image. However, of late, the scenario in India is rapidly changing for better, as the local and global environmental pressures are becoming increasingly evident. Indian hotel industry is just beginning to realise that energy and environmental management is the cutting edge strategies for their business profitability, thus the need for the project is evident. The Ecotel would be the 1st certified Eco-friendly hotel in bangaluru as well as the eighteenth in Asia.

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelAIM:

The aim is to provide sophistication and luxury at a level never witnessed in the city, and setting a new standard of environmental responsibility. The ecotel shall act as right balance between luxury and conservation without compromising the style, comfort, business efficiency ,it also aims at decrease in the operating expenses , heightened employee morale and guest involvement in energy saving programs.. Overall every effort goes a long way towards protecting the planet , to make it a greener and safer place to live.

OBJECTIVES :The objectives to make the building eco-friendly are:

Commit to place sustainable development issues at the core of the managementStructure.To design keeping in mind the natural conditions of the site,without disturbing the ecosystem to a greater extent.To create ambient spaces with splendid views of the lake, provide natural lighting during daytime. Proper orientation of activities studying the climatological aspects of the site. The most important design aspect is to create landscaped terrace courtyards which will help on conserving energy. The building should have proper insulation to make good thermal comforts,to reduce noise pollution and avoid dust filtration.Use of geothermal air conditioning for all the spaces to save energy and avoid green house gas emissions..Use of photo voltaic cells to generate electricity., Water-heating etc.Rainwater harvesting,reducing water use and wastewater output. Reducing solid waste output, ensuring that waste generated is kept to a minimum and disposed of in an environmentally sound way; Purchasing environment-preferable products from local enterprises. Environment communication to guests. Monitoring and documenting environment management programme progress. Innovate processes and applications through new technology; Make a commitment to the education and environmental training of staff; Stimulating consumer awareness about making socially and environmentally responsible choices when travelling; Environmental benchmarking is creating a standard by which something can be measured or judged. It is a quantitative process that can help to compare an organisations current performance against both industry and competitor standards, and to determine what needs to be improved.

20SCOPE:: Indian hotel industry is just beginning to realise that energy and environmental management is the cutting edge strategies for their business profitability. With the establishment of International Standards for Environmental Management i.e., EMS, ISO 14001, hotel industry world-wide is taking advantage of implementing these standards that are comparable across the world. The more hotels demand environmentally friendly goods, the greater the market will be and cheaper the goods will become to obtain which would be good news for everyone as well as for the environment. Since the tourism industry is booming and more and more people visit India every year the scope for an international ecotel is high.

LIMITATIONS:Hotel industry is bound by certain limitations. Business of the hotel depends on the demand & availability of services. It is a variable industry. For a hotel to remain static is to deteriorate. Hence demands flexibility. The ideas, techniques & the mode of operation undergo continual alteration. The most serious problem in hotel industry is that it is not only capital intensive industry but the capital is locked up in fixed assets such as land & building. Even in most successful hotels 100% occupancy throughout the year is not possible. Energy conservation and renewable energy based technologies is a new concept and the initial investments are high. Introduction of any new technology always faces some resistance from different sectors of our society. It is therefore necessary to convince the user about the importance of new technology in meeting the energy requirements and also in improving the living standards of common man.

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelCHAPTER V . CASE STUDIESI.THE ITC WINDSOR,FIVE STAR DELUXE HOTEL,BANGALOREII.THE ITC ROYAL GARDENIA,FIVE STAR HOTEL,BANGALOREIII.THE ORCHID,FIVE STAR ECOTEL,MUMBAI

CASE STUDY-1

THE ITC WINDSOR , BANGALORE , INDIA

ITC Hotel The Windsor , Five star deluxe hotel remains committed to its strategy of providing a superior and world class product and service offering. Towards this end planned expansion, renovation and refurbishing programs are on going to sustain and consolidate market standing. As a result ITC Windsor, Bengaluru continues to be patronized by World leaders. The hotel was established way back in june,1982. ITC Windsor , Bengaluru a Luxury Collection hotel is independently owned and operated by ITC Limited and operated under license from Sheraton International Inc. Welcom environ is a program that defines ITC Hotels commitment to the environment. The need for maintaining an ecological balance and working towards the goal as a concerned citizen is a high priority at ITC Hotels. Each hotel thus operates in harmony with nature, and maintains a continuous balance with the eco system. Reduce, Reuse and Recycle is the environmental message sent out by every ITC Hotel. The group hopes that the hospitality industry, the single largest employer with a host of opinion - makers world wide, will use and advocate the ITC Hotels campaign, Off Giving Back As Much As It Takes From The Environment, to reach all corners of the world.Several of ITC hotels in the chain have already won ISO 14001 certification including the applicant, which won its certification in November 2002, and recertified in Jan 2006.

LOCATION AND ACCESS : Windsor Square, 25, Golf Course Road Bangalore - 560 052 The hotel is located 32 kms from the airport and 5 kms from the city center and is surrounded by residential bungalows and large green belts.Industrial areas are located 15 kms away from the hotel.ACCESS : Distance in Km from Airport : 32Km Normal driving time from Airport : 45min Distance in Km from Railway Station : 4 Km Normal driving time from the Railway Station :20 min

VISUAL STUDY : Designed by one of the leading architects, ITC Windsor has outstanding architecture dating back to the British Regency Period. It was built in early eighties

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelFACT SHEET : DINING SPACES :

RAJ PAVILION DAKSHINDUBLINROYAL AFGHANJOLLY NOBOBS BUSINESS CENTRE & BANQUETING SPACES :

*ITC BUSINESS CENTRE*VICTORIA ROOM *REGENCY I*REGENCY II*THE CABINET LOUNGE*PRE-FUNCTION AREA

ACCOMODATION :

*ITC ONE ROOMS*TOWER ROOMS*EVA ROOMS*MANOR ROOMS*EXECUTIVE CLUB*MANOR SUITE*PRESIDENTIAL SUITE

FACILITIES :

*SHOP-EAST INDIA CO.*SPA,GYM & FITNESS CENTRE*SWIMMING POOL96 seats84 Seats122 Seats60 Seats52 seats50 SQM70 SQM425 SQM200 SQM150 SQM60 SQM10 NO.S89 NO.S 80 NO.S40 NO.S80 NO,S12 NO.S\01 UNIT30 SQM400 SQM 300 SQM

ACCREDITATIONThe Hotel is certified ISO 14001:1996, since November, 2002. Renewed in Dec 2008 for ISO 14001:2004The Hotel was adjudged one of the finalists for Green Hotelier of the Year award 2001/2002 by IH&RA, France and was again finalist for FHRAI Environment Award 2001-2002.The hotels gardens have been winning outstanding awards by Mysore Horticultural Society every year, since 1992.The hotel was bestowed with the prestigious Golden Peacock Environment Management Award in 2003.Windsor has won the NCPEDP Shell Helen Keller Award consecutively in the year 2006-07 & 2007-08. IBM-Passion for Excellence in the year 2006-2007.4P- Power Brand AwardWindsor won the National Tourism Award for The Private/ Public Enterprise providing facilities for the Physically Disabled in the year 2007-2008.ITC Windsor was adjudged to receive commendation for Golden Peacock for Innovative product / service award in 2008ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelECO FRIENDLY,SUSTAINABLE FEATURES :

IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCYEnergy Housekeeping has become a part of daily operations. The hotel has achieved 7% saving on K cals in 2006-07 Hotel analyses area wise consumption checks for variances and corrects them accordingly. Electronic dimmers installed at public areas Electronic key card system in guest rooms Movement sensor for pubic area cloakrooms Automatic control of hot water temperature, 47 52 C CFL lamps installed in portico, public areas, periphery, offices and in guest rooms (total) Solar Lighting provided for driveway. 100% Condensate Heat Recovery from Laundry is utilized for Boiler Feed Water.All Employees are trained on the Ten Commandments of Energy Management as listed below: realize the importance of Energy Conversation.involve all personnel in Encon (Energy Conservation) activities.review current energy practices adoptedRemember to educate operating personnel about the benefits of Encon. Honors use of automatic controls & interlocks minimize manual operations.switch off equipments when not required.identify inefficient operations and rectify them.keep the equipments in good working conditions.use right size equipment of Energy efficiency.start practicing Encon.FACILITY UPGRADATIONSThe second floor of Manor block was renovated with energy saving features. The wattage of in room lighting has been brought down to 400 W/room from 800 Watts/room elsewhere.Guest lifts in Manor has been replaced with the latest technology Mitsubishi elevators, bringing the Motor rating down from 22 kw to 18 kw.Hotel installed new DG set (MTU make) which gives 4.3 Units/litre of diesel compared to the old DG set which gave 2.8 Units/litre.Kitchen has been renovated at a cost of Rs 5 Crores, bringing in energysaving features like VFD controlled exhaust and fresh air etcThe hotel has facilitated water harvesting.

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelSOLID WASTE MANAGEMENTThe Hotel has the Waste Management System in place and producing Organic Waste from the kitchen & garden waste through the organic waste convertor.The 4 `Rs of Environment Mantra, Reduce, Re-use, Re-cycle, and Replace are practiced throughout the hotel.Waste is segregated at source by each dept. M/s Sembramky Env. Mgmt. collects biological waste from the Hotel Doctors clinic & Micro Biology Laboratory The hazardous waste produced in the hotel is handed over to the authorized recycler . INDOOR ENVIRONMENTASHRAE Standard 62 - 1999 is maintained for air qualityAC ducts are replaced for 150 rooms at the time of renovationCO2 emission is reduced by the use of UPS in banquet halls in place of running DG sets.Solvent based spray painting / polishing is banned in the hotel.84% of our rooms. Our restaurants, lobby and beck area are reserved for nonsmokers, only identified smoking zones are present in the hotel.

LOWERING NOISE WITHIN AND OUTSIDE BUILDINGThe DG room, ETP compressor Room, & Pump Room are provided with acoustics. Guest room window seal is provided to achieve 40 dB or below. The newly renovated second floor of Manor has registered a sound level of 34.4 dB. The building has Cavity walls of 4.5 inches thick and 12 inches cavity for insulation. Cleaning equipment is Taski make with a DB level below 60.Care is taken to use them in guest areas sparingly during night and early morning Housekeeping staffs are trained to work silently on guest floors. Noise survey was carried out and employees in noisy areas use Earmuffs and Earplugs.f) EMISSION CONTROLThe hotel ensures emissions from DG sets and Boilers is maintained within the permissible limits. All the vehicles now use only unleaded petrol. Boilers and DG Sets are running on Low Sulphur fuel.Eliminated use of Asbestos in the Hotel. CO2 emission is reduced by the use of UPS supply. The new cafeteria and main kitchen exhausts have wet scrubbers.ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel CFC ELIMINATION All guest roomss mini refrigerators are replaced with Electrolux absorption refrigerators.Replaced CFC propelled spray cans with environment friendly products.Replaced old. walk-in coolers and Deep freezer cooler with new Rinac make coolers using r-134a and r407.Installed the new Screw Chiller Plant operating on R134a replacing old reciprocating chillers.Use of Halon type Fire Extinguisher is totally bannedEliminated use of asbestos in the unit. Solvent based spray painting /polishing is avoided.

PROVISION FOR NON-SMOKERS AND SENSITIVE GUESTS :

As per statutory requirement, 84% of our rooms are reserved for non-smokers. A Special room is assigned for Physically Challenged Guests with all facilities.Access audit is conducted every year for the ease of differently abled guests and all recommendations are complied.

AFFORESTATION:The hotel has an ongoing afforestation program of planting / distributing 240 rooms x 4 = 960 saplings per year as repository measure for paper consumption in our hotel.The location of the hotel in a residential area away from busy traffic and thick greenbelts has given natural protection from pollutionPlanted Avenue Trees along the road in Koramangala.Planted trees in S.O.S village

OTHER INITIATIVES TAKEN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION & IMPROVEMENT

Hotel is certified for ISO 14001. Annual Environmental audits are conducted internally by corporate Environment, Health and Safety Department. Formal Environmental committee meetings are conducted. All packing materials are collected, stored and transported to scrap dealers for onward recycling. Greenery plants are also maintained at the Hotel. Chimneys are provided to steam boilers and DG sets. Incandescent & Copper ballast light phase out is in progress. Proper waste management scheme is in place. The premises is kept always clean and tidy.

CFC ELIMINATIONECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelBASEMENT FLOOR PLANECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel

GROUND FLOOR PLANECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelTOWER FLOOR PLAN

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel

MANOR FLOOR PLANECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel

RECEPTIONGRAND LOBBY

BARDUBLIN

CABINET LOUNGEDAKSHINROYAL AFGHANRAJ PAVILLIONECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel

STEAM BATH MASSAGE ROOM

GYM & FITNESS SWIMMING POOLBUSINESS CENTRE BANQUET HALLBANQUET HALLECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelSCREW TYPE CHILLERS TO SAVE ENERGY

PRESIDENTIAL SUITEMANOR SUITE

LAUNDRY

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelLAUNDRY BOILER SCREW TYPE CHILLER KITCHEN COLD STORAGE CONFECTIONARY CLEANING AND SANITISING

CASE STUDY-1I

THE ITC ROYAL GARDENIA , BANGALORE , INDIA

ITC Hotelss new The Royal Gardenia is one of the recently built hotels in bengaluru inagurated during november 2009. It was conferred the highest rating for green buildings in the world the LEED India Platinum Rating. This recognition makes it the worlds largest platinum rated hotel and is yet another manifestation of ITCs leadership in Sustainability Practices It is located in the heart of the city, the new ITC The Royal Gardenia attempts to blend into the citys ethos with its focus on integrating luxury, greenery and cultural influences into its architecture and dcor.The hotel is designed by Ar. Rajinder Kumar and interiors have been created by UK-based designer Francesca Basu, and references to nature and the hotel mascot the Gardenia flower can be seen throughout the property.

LOCATION & ACCESS : The hotels main entry is through vittal mallya road and the service access is through lavelle road on the rear side, ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel

Bangalore Central Library 0.5 km/0.3 miles CMS Jain College 1.6 km/1.0 miles Mount Carmel College 3.0 km/1.9 miles Jyoti Nivas College 5.0 km/3.1 miles Christ College 7.0 km/4.3 miles ISKON Temple 8.0 km/5.0 miles GolfBangalore Golf Club 4.0 km/2.5 miles Government OfficesConsulate of Germany 3.0 km/1.9 miles Cubbon Park 0.5 km/0.3 miles Jawaharlal Nehru Planetarium 2.5 km/1.5 miles Lal Bagh Botanical Gardens 4.0 km/2.5 ACCESS : Vidhana Soudha 1.5 km/0.9 miles Tipu Sultan's Summer Palace 6.5 km/4.0 miles Iskcon Temple 8.0 km/5.0 miles Mallya Hospital 0.5 km/0.3 miles Corporate OfficesSuzlon Energy 1.0 km/0.6 miles Mitsubishi 1.0 km/0.6 miles Unisys 1.0 km/0.6 miles Tata Motors 1.0 km/0.6 miles Vodafone Group, PLC 1.0 kmAmerican Express 1.0 km/0.6 miles ABN Amro 1.0 km/0.6 miles Deloitte 2.0 km/1.2 miles Cisco 3.0 km/1.9 miles Accenture 9.0 km/5.6 miles EMC 9.0 km/5.6 miles Honeywell 12.0 km/7.5 miles IBM 15.0 km/9.3 milesBoating 5.0 km/3.1 miles Ulsoor Lake 3.5 km/2.2 miles Fiama Di Wills Outlet 0.0km/0.0 UB City 0.5 km/0.3 miles MG Road 2km/1.2 miles

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel PLANNING : The atrium leads out to the central courtyard garden, in the midst of which is the multi-pillared Lotus Pavilion. With sloping roofs covered with a unique lawn of fresh green grass, the Pavilions pillars and structure has been inspired by Tipu Sultans Summer Palace at Srirangapatna. The local, cultural influences of Karnataka can be seen all around in the choice of table dcor and artefacts, the Tiger style chairs and parrot-shaped pillar adornments inspired by the Mysore palace and in the friezes and murals on the walls. The hotels vertical gardens are built on steel structures and are irrigated by a state-of-the-art drip irrigation i.e Hydroponics system that is placed on the top. The water drips evenly and after providing moisture to all the plants collects at the base and is recycled for use again.

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel Rainwater harvesting is also practiced at the hotel, with the collected water being recycled for use. Garden lighting has been provided from natural sources or through an energy-efficient lighting system. Most of the plants being used are of the Philodendron family and have been locally grown in Bengaluru. Royal Gardenias eco-friendliness has also been extended into the architecture with the choice of fly-ash bricks, double-sandwiched cladding glass, huge roof gardens and use of eco-friendly piping. Further, the wood that has been used for the flooring and doors at the hotel are all engineered wood that has been certified by the Forest Stewardship Council. The 11-storeyed hotel with 282 rooms has been designed . The exterior uses beige Gwalior sandstone and Malaysian red bricks interspersed by panels of specially treated smoked Oak and highlighted with strips of copper in a matt copper-sulphate patina. The same material has been used for the roof, while the flooring of the entire hotel is in blonde Italian marble. The designer has drawn inspiration from different layers of life forms and so each floor follows this theme by adopting different colours, motifs and textures. The themes are based on moods and representations of various elements of nature, ranging from stones and fossils, to earth, trees, wood, water, fire, foliage, animal life, flowers, birds and butterflies. The rooms are categorised in the hotel chains premium brands of Towers and ITC One, with a number of suites on each floor. The first floor of the hotel houses the banqueting areas including a pre-function area covering approximately 8,000 sq ft and a separate 2,500 sq ft party room. Also on the same floor, the right wing houses ITC Kaya Kalp Spa, spread across an area of 10,400 sq ft. Also in the pipeline is a Presidential suite spread over 5,400 sq ft and a womens-only-floor with Eva rooms.

ENTRANCE PORCHGRAND LOBBYECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelFACT SHEET : DINING SPACES :

*COFFEE SHOP*WEST VIEW RESTAURANT*KEBAB AND KURRIES*ORIENTAL RESTAURANT*GARDEN BAR*BAR

BUSINESS CENTRE & BANQUETING SPACES :

*ITC ONE LOUNGE*MYSORE HALL(1,2,3)*MAGNOLIA*CASSIA*JACARANDA*PLUMERIA(1,2)*BOTANIA TERRACE*PRE-FUNCTION AREA

ACCOMODATION :

*ITC ONE ROOMS*TOWER ROOMS*EVA ROOMS*JUNIOR SUITE*PEACOCK SUITE*PELICAN SUITE

FACILITIES :

*SHOPPING ARCADE*SPA,GYM & FITNESS CENTRE*SWIMMING POOL,470 SQM300 SQM300 SQM225 SQM200 SQM270 SQM

425 SQM706 SQM150 SQM48 SQM70 SQM148 SQM709 SQM170 SQM

55 SQM (30 NO,s)40 SQM (217 NO.s)40 SQM (22 NO.s)70 SQM (8 NO.s)200 SQM (4 NO.s)54O SQM-1 UNIT

160 SQM970 SQM

250 SQM

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelGROUND FLOOR PLANECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelSECOND FLOOR PLAN

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelLotus PavilionThe Lotus Pavilion is the crown jewel of the hotel. Its design echoes the spirit of Tipu Sultans summer palace. It offers the perfect setting for basking in Bengalurus exquisite weather, while sipping on a hand crafted beer from our finest selection from around the world, served with a selection of tapas and hors doeuvres.

Cubbon PavilionThe Cubbon Pavilion is named after Sir Mark Cubbon, a British Commissioner who gave Bengaluru its green cover and fostered the state onto a path of prosperity in India. The vertical gardens in the restaurant reinforce the experience of dining in the serenity of nature. All day dining restaurant, it boasts of a new concept of an interactive juice bar and an international buffet landscape.

Highland NectarAccording to the Irish, the literal meaning of Whiskey is the water of life. A unique concept in Bengaluru, Highland Nectar focuses on serving an exquisite collection of whiskeys. An elegant library and artifacts articulate the history and eminence of whiskeys.

Kebabs and KurriesKebabs & Kurries is a signature restaurant of ITC, serving a mlange of cuisines that celebrate the rich tastes of Northern and Southern of India. The interiors of the restaurant are a tribute to Sun God.

West ViewThe West View is our enticing grill eatery that proffers succulent meats and scintillating treasures from the Indian Ocean cooked to perfection. The main attraction is the volcanic rock that comes to your table at 300 degrees Celsius. Meats and vegetables are grilled to suit your particular taste while they retain their natural juices and flavours.

LOTUS PAVILLIONECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelLUXURY EVENTS :

The ITC Royal Gardenia provides an immense choice of banquet halls and meeting rooms that present a memorable "green" banqueting experience preserving resources while offering the utmost excellence in service. There are nine function rooms, with a total of 19,524 square feet of meeting space. The Mysore Hall is the largest hall at 7845 sq. ft. The halls aesthetic and architectural features are a tribute to the royal history of Karnataka. It can be divided into three separate halls each with its own pre-function area.

Plumeria RoomThe Plumeria Room is an exclusive meeting venue that can be partitioned into two smaller sections of 416 sq feet each. The Plumeria Room is equipped with the latest available technology and ergonomically designed furniture, creating a feeling of space and professionalism, together with overhead sound and projection systems.

MagnoliaThis vast meeting space overlooking the lush greenery of the Lavelle Road has a distinctive atmosphere and grace. With the added luxury of an in-built kitchen, the Magnolia is an ideal venue for both formal and informal gatherings.

JacarandaA dignified space with timeless elegance, the Jacaranda is a 14-seater board room furnished with the latest technology that enables plug-and-project during meetings. The rooms class is further enhanced by its exclusive 6-seater lounge.

CassiaThe Cassia is a hi-touch board room with an interactive board and seats 12 people and has an exclusive 6 seater lounge. With built-in microphones, projectors and cameras for video conferencing, this is designed to be the most hi-tech conferencing facility in Bengaluru.

BotaniaThe largest banqueting space in the hotel at 7875 sq. ft., Botania, the Terrace Garden boasts of manicured gardens and reflects the true beauty of Bengaluru.

Meeting and Event Facilities

Audio Visual Equipment and Technicians Translation Services ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelACCOMODATION :

TowersThese delightful spaces offer glimpses of the exquisite outdoors while providing an enchanting style statement within. The complete concept is based on gardens. Every detail embodies thoughtful luxury.

ITC OneITC One celebrates the Power of Space. It is an exclusive wing where the rooms are furnished with state-of-the-art facilities. A personal butler anticipates the guests every need.

Eva RoomsAn exclusive wing dedicated to the specific needs of the lady traveller. It reinforces the need for utmost security for lady guests.

Pelican SuiteThe Queen Suites eminence is gratified by the light, white marble and water feature. Colours of gold with splashes of bright pink will portray the grace of pelican.

Peacock SuiteThe split level Presidential Suite extends over an expansive 5040 sq ft., houses an exclusive and private infinity pool set amongst large terraces. The colour schemes represent the splendours of a peacock.

ITC One room CASE STUDY-3

THE FI VE STAR ORCHID HOTEL, MUMBAI, INDIA

The Orchid, a Five Star Hotel , was opened in September 1997, focusing on economically viable pro environmental measures. The hotel, belonging to Kamat Hotels Ltd., is interesting in that it takes a strictly profit-oriented approach to environmental measures, providing figures of financial savings through proenvironmental management on its website. Simultaneously, the approach taken is a whole systems perspective, including all aspects of the environment, consistently focusing on best practice.

Climate change impact: The Orchid Hotel shows that it is economically feasible to implement a wide range of environmental practices, including virtually any aspect of the lifecycle of the hotel. This shows that five star hotels can financially benefit from environmental management, make huge contributions to resource savings, create markets for innovative and green technology, and involve their guests in pro-environmental management.

EXTERIOR VIEW OF THE ORCHID ECOTELECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelArchitecture & Constructions:

Passive Energy Conservation Efforts in Design Depressions and protrusions in the facade reduce surface radiation. The building is designed with 72 rooms facing the atrium, reducing the heat load. A skylight detailed in a manner of doubly layered domes reducesheat load and noise levels yet admitting maximum natural light in the atrium space. The swimming pool is located on the rooftop with 4 feet of water body, which acts as an insulator from the heat. Cement used for constructions is PPC (Portland Pozzulana Cement)containing 15-20% fl y ash, as compared to OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement). Internal partitions are made from so-called Quite Easily Done wall panels, which are made from fertilizer waste, instead of using red bricks made from topsoil. Autoclaved Aerated Concrete is used for external walling and wetwalling. AAC is eco-friendly as it manufactured using approximately60% fl y ash. It has thermal insulation properties and a better soundabsorption coefficient than ordinary bricks.

PLAN OF ORCHID,MUMBAIECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelInterior design: Window frames, master control panel in the guestrooms and shutters are made from rubber wood. After producing rubber sap and the tree is cut down and cannot be used for other purposes. Medium Density Fibre Wood is used instead of real wood throughout the hotel. MDFW is manufactured from cotton stalks, which grow to a height of 5-6 feet, and are cut down after yield and the usually not used for other purposes. The restaurant uses recycled wood from old buildings. Triple glazed windows with added reflective glass block heat from the sun, reducing energy for air-conditioning. All lamps are PL lamps or fluorescent tubes. All rooms have key card light switches, so that all lights and air conditioning are switched off once the guest leaves the room. Mini bars sense the load inside the refrigerator and cool it accordingly. Mini bars are CFC free. Electronic Reduced Voltage Soft Starter cum Energy Saver for A/C Compressor reduces energy use for air conditioning. Air conditioning uses R22 instead of CFC refrigerants, a far more climate friendly alternative. Attached to the air-conditioning system is a tank to store cold energy during off-peak hours. This stored energy is then used during the peak hours /periods reducing compressor overloading and cutting power consumption. The heat generated from the air conditioners provides hot water to the guestrooms, laundry, toilets and kitchen. Only herbal products are used in the hotel, which have not been tested on animals. Paints used in the hotel are eco-friendly. The exterior of the hotel is painted with water based paint with negligible VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) content of only 0.0125% and the paint used for interiors has 0% VOC.

LOBBYECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel

BOULEVARD-COFFEE SHOPGOURMET-RESTAURANT

MERLINS-BARMOSTLY GRILLS FINE DINING

VINDHYAS -RESTAURANTSWIMMING POOLECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelReduce, reuse, recycle: All taps contain aerators, which increase the waters force and reduce outflow, saving up to 50% of water. The restaurant has taps operating on timers. Geberit Concealed Cisterns use only 6 litres of water per toilet flush as against 15-20 litres used in conventional flushes, while the use of Geberit Urinal Flush Valves infra red detectors ensures a definite flush after every use preventing the unwanted flushing of timer set systems. Wastewater is treated and then reused in areas like air conditioning &gardening. Drip irrigation reduces water use for gardening. Aquazone is a system using ozone to destroy micro organisms including bacteria, virus, spores, fungi etc. The water is safe for drinking and free from chlorine.

Educating customers: The control panel in the guestrooms has a feature known as the green button. On pressing the green button the thermostat of the air-conditioning unit is stepped up by two degrees. The saving in electricity resulting from the 2 degrees increase in temperature is translated into Rupees and displayed on the guest folio and profile. Acertificate is then issued to the guest who has voluntarily participated in conserving energy. Guests who have left their emails are informed about ongoing environmental activities.

Garbage: The Orchid seeks to become a zero garbage hotel and has taken various measures to reduce the waste being generated. This includes vermiculture on the hotel site to recycle kitchen waste. Reusable cloth laundry bags are used instead of standard paper or plastic bags. For shopping, designed cloth shopping bags are provided to guests. Garbage bags are made from recycled plastic. Cut flowers are used sparely, and the hotel uses potted plants instead.

Use of chemicals: Anti Cockroach Herbal Treatment has been recently introduced and is the first of its kind in India to eradicate cockroaches. The herbal paste poses no health hazards, as there is no use of any poisonous chemicals. No cleaning is required after the treatment is done hence there is no wastage of water, detergents etc. It is applied in the formof a paste and placed on nooks and corners in the form of small globules. ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelCHAPTER VI . -REQUIREMENTS SL NO REQUIREMENTS

GROUND COVERAGE 55%FAR -2 ALLOWED ,AS PER BDA BYELAWS AREA IN SQM.PUBLIC/GUEST SPACES.GRAND LOBBY14502.RECEPTION & WAITING AREA1 F.O MANAGER760503.BELL DESK304.TRAVEL HOUSE305.CLOAK/REST ROOMS120II,COMMERCIAL SPACES

6.SOUVENIR SHOP2507.JEWELLERY SHOP2508.BEAUTY SALOON1009.BOOK STALL50III.DINING SPACES

KITCHEN AND STORE60010.MULTI-CUISINE RESTAURANT56511.ITALIAN RESTAURANT43512.COFFEE SHOP60013.BARBEQUE/OUTDOOR DINING500ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel SL NO REQUIREMENTS AREA IN SQMIV.FUNCTIONAL SPACES

BANQUET LOBBYBANQUET OFFICEINTERNETPHOTOCOPIES/FAXCARPET STOREKITCHEN AND STORELIQUOR STORE1505012132045020

14.BANQUET HALL 116515BANQUET HALL 216516BANQUET HALL 318017BANQUET HALL 418018BANQUET HALL 518019BANQUET HALL 630020.MEETING ROOM 14021MEETING ROOM 27622MEETING ROOM 311423.BOARD ROOM15424.BAR/BUSINESS CENTRE320V.HEALTH & FITNESS SPACE25.GYM & FITNESS CENTRE11526.AEROBICS7027.LADIES SPA CENTRE14028.GENTS SPA CENTRE

SWIMMING POOL & JACUZZI

PLANT ROOM110

400

480ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel SL NO REQUIREMENTS AREA IN SQMIV.ADMINISTRATIVE SPACES29.FRONT OFFICE1)F.O MANAGER2)ASST.F.O. MANAGER3)MEETING ROOM4)OFFICE 25050302560

30BACK OFFICE1)B.O MANAGER2)ASST.B.O. MANAGER3)MEETING ROOM4)OFFICE 2505030256031PERSONAL DEPARTMENT1)PERSONAL MANAGER2)ASST.PERSONAL MANAGER3)RECORDS ROOM

1001811

32PURCHASE DEPARTMENTPURCHASE MANAGEROFFICE50213033UFC DEPARTMENT1)UFC MANAGER2)UFC SECRETARY3)RECORDS ROOM1202110834RECEIVING DEPT3035LOSS PREVENTION OFFICER1036SECURITY ROOM1037TIME OFFICE1238WEIGHING & SANITIZATION15SERVICE AREA

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel SL NO REQUIREMENTS AREA IN SQMIV.ADMINISTRATIVE SPACES39GENERAL STORE

1)STORE MANAGER2)DAIRY COLD STORE200

111140LABAUDITORS ROOMCASHIER25201841WELCOME ASSISTANCESUPERVISOR202042COMPUTER TRAINING ROOMCOMPUTER TRAINING MGR801843HORTICULTURE DEPARTMENT4044PEST CONTROL ROOM1045SERVER ROOMIT MANAGER ROOMIT OPERATOR ROOM15131246H/K CONTROL ROOMEXEC.H.KSECRETARYL/F ROOM111610847EMPLOYEES REST ROOMJNR/SNR ,EXEC LADIES LOCKER ROOMREST ROOMTOILETSJNR/SNR ,EXEC GENTS LOCKER ROOMREST ROOMTOILETSGYMCAFETERIA & KITCHEN ATM

200

200

10035015SERVICE AREA

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel SL NO REQUIREMENTS AREA IN SQMIIVSERVICES48D.G ROOMBOILER ROOMGEOTHERMAL A.C ROOMWATER PUMPSFIRE WATER TANKSTREATED WATER TANKSRAW WATER TANKSUPS ROOMBATTERY ROOMSERVICE PROVIDER17013020020012012012050404049LAUNDRYDIRTY LINEN COLLECTION UNITSORTING AREAWASHING AND DRYING AREAPRESSING/IRONING AREACLEAN LINEN STOREDISPATCH UNITTROLLEY STORELAUNDRY MANAGER15SQM15SQM40SQM40SQM60SQM20SQM10SQM15SQM50KITCHENCOLD STORAGE(beverages)WET STORAGE(vegetables )DRY STORE(cereals and grains)FREEZERS(meat)VEGETABLE CUTTING AREAWASHING AREAPREPARATION AREAPROCESSED/SEMI PROCESSED FOOD STORESMALL STORE in every kitchen DISH WASHING AREACROCKERY STOREPANTRYBAKERYBUTCHERYCHEFS CHAMBERKITCHEN STEWARDSTEWARD MANAGER

50 % 0F DINING AREAECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel SL NO REQUIREMENTS AREA IN SQMIV.SERVICES51GARBAGE DISPOSALREF.GARBAGE ROOMSORTING ROOMGARBAGE ROOMBOTTLE STORESEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTEFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT2018181815100100IIV

52ACCOMODATION

ROOMS TYPE 1ROOMS TYPE 2WARDROBE WITH SAFETY LOCKERATT BATH AND TOILETBALCONYJUNIOR SUITESLARGE BED ROOM WITH DINING TABLE-4.5X4.5 MWARDROBE WITH SAFETY LOCKERATT BATH AND TOILETBALCONYROYAL SUITESLARGE DOUBLE BED ROOM WITH DINING TABLE-4.5X4.5 MWALK IN WARDROBE WITH SAFETY LOCKERFRIDGEATT BATH AND TOILETBALCONYPRESIDENTIAL SUITELARGE DOUBLE BED ROOMLIVING/DINING ROOMSTUDY ROOMBARATT TOILET-JacuzziTERRACE GARDENFUNCTION LAWNWALK IN WARDROBE WITH SAFE LOCKER FACILITYFRIDGETERRACE GARDEN

4055

70

200

540ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelCHAPTER VI I. SITE ANALYSIS

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelSITE ANALYSIS :

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel

BIRDS SEEN AT THE LAKESITE DETAILS

LOCATION : BANGALORELATITUDE : 13 0244.36NLONGITUDE : 77 3456.51EALTITUDE : 898 m Above sea lvl CLIMATE SALUBRIOUS TYPE

BANGALORE CITY CAPITAL OF KARNATAKA REPUTED AS FASTEST GROWING CITY IN ASIA.BUSTLING COSMOPOLITIAN CITY WITH A POPULATION OF 6.5 MILLION.THE GARDEN CITY OF INDIA WITH SEVERAL SCENIC GARDENS AND TROPICAL TREES AND VEGETATION AND A HANDFUL OF FRESH WATER LAKES. RECOGNISED AS THE IT CAPITAL AND AS THE MOST PREFERRED OUTSOURCING DESTINATION FOR MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS. SILICON VALLEY OF INDIA-HOME TO MORE THAN 250 HIGH TECH,IT,BIO-TECH INDUSTRIES AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS.

60 SITE ANALYSIS... SITE SELECTION: THE LOCATION OF THE SITE IS IDEAL AS IT IS :

LOCATED ON THE OUTER RING ROAD LINKING THE CITY AND THE BANGALORE INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT. WELL CONNECTED AND EASILY ACCESSIBLE. AMBIENT ENVIRONMENT. MAJOR PORTION OF THE SITE HAS WATER EDGE. PANORAMIC VIEWS ON THREE SIDES. IDEAL EXTENT OF AREA.

LOCATIONHEBBAL,BANGALORELATTITUDE13.36 N

LONGITUDE

74.51 NHEIGHT FROM MEAN SEA LVL

898 MOWNERSHIP

ORCHID GROUP OF HOTELSSITE AREAAPPROXIMATELY 13 ACRESSHAPE

POLYGONALORIENTATION

THE LONGER AXIS IS ALONG W AND E.ACCESS

PRIMARY ACCESS FROM OUTER RING ROAD CONNECTING NH7

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelLANDMARKHEBBAL LAKE,THE SITE IS LOCATED BESIDE THE LAKE.MACRO CLIMATE

TEMPERATURE

BANGALORE HAS A COMPOSITE SALUBRIOUS TYPE OF CLIMATE WHICH VARIES ACCORDIND TO THE SEASON,WHICH ARE

DEC TO FEB

DRY SEASON WITH BRIGHT WEATHERMARCH TO MAY SUMMER SEASONJUNE TO SEPTEMBER MONSOON SEASON(PRE MONSOON)

OCTOBER TO NOVEMBER : POST MONSOON

AVERAGE/MEAN DAILY MAX 29 DEGREE CELSIUS(ANNUAL)MEAN DAILY MIN 19 DEGREE CELSIUSHIGHEST MEAN DAILY MAX 34 DEGREE CELSIUS (APRIL)LOWEST MEAN DAILY MIN15 DEGREE CELSIUS(JANUARY)

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelHUMIDITY

AVERAGE RELATIVE HUMIDITY 64%(ANNUAL)RAINFALLRAINFALL IS RARELY MORE THAN 1500mmRAINY SEASON IS DISTINCT DURING THE MONTHS OF MAY TO JULY & SEPTEMBER TO NOVEMBER.

WIND DIRECTION

WINDS ARE GENERALLY LIGHT WITH STRENGTHENING FORCE DURING THE SOUTH WEST MONSOON SEASON, THE WIND DIRECTION IS NORMALLY FROM THE SOUTH WEST TO THE NORTH EAST.DAY BREEZE-SW TO NENIGHT BREEZE-W TO EWIND VELOCITY- 4 KM/HOUR

AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL ON SITE450 MM

AVERAGE NUMBER OF RAINY DAYS/YEAR 7075% OF ANNUAL RAINFALL SW MONSOON (JUNE TO SEPT)15% OF ANNUAL RAINFALL POST MONSOON SEASON THUNDER SHOWER RAINFALL SUMMER SEASON OCCASIONAL DRIZZLEDECEMBER TO FEBRUARYECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelACCESS VIDHAN SOUDHA : 9.3 KMS (14 MINS)KEMPEGOWDA BUS STAND :10.4 KMS (17 MINS)BLR INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT :23.4 KMS(25 MINS)BLR RAILWAY STATION:10.5 KMS(18 MINS)MICRO CLIMATETHE PREVAILING BREEZE DIRECTION IS SW TO NE. THE SITE IS BESIDE A LAKE.DUE TO WHICH THE CLIMATE ON THE SITE IS QUITE PLEASANT THROUGHOUT THE DAY.THERE IS ALSO ABUNDANT VEGETATION.TOPOGRAPHY OF THE SITE:

SLOPES: NEGLIGIBLE SLOPECONTOUR INTERVAL:30RIDGES: NILVALLEYS: NILCLIFFS: NILGEOLOGY OF THE SITE SOIL CONDITION: REDDISH BROWN SOIL, EASY TO DIG, SUITABLE FOR CONSTRUCTION. FERTILITY: HIGHLY FERTILE SOIL, BEST SUITED FOR AGRICULTURAL PURPOSE.VEGETATION

THE MAJOR PART OF THE SITE IS COVERED WITH GRASS & SHRUBS etc, THERE ARE BOUGAINVILLEA PLANTS ON THE PERIPHERY OF THE SITE, PEEPAL ,NILGIRI AND COCONUT TREES ARE PRESENTECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel Bangalore weather in January 27C / 81F

15C / 59F

Bangalore weather in February30C / 86F17C / 63FBangalore weather in March32C / 90F19C / 66FBangalore weather in April34C / 93F22C / 72FBangalore weather in May33C / 91F21C / 70FBangalore weather in June29C / 84F20C / 68FBangalore weather in July28C / 82F19C / 66FBangalore weather in August27C / 81F19C / 66FBangalore weather in September28C / 82F19C / 66FBangalore weather in October28C / 82F19C / 66FBangalore weather in November27C / 81F17C / 63FBangalore weather in December26C / 79F16C / 61F

BANGALORE WEATHER ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelHYDROLOGYTHE SITE IS SITUATED BESIDE THE LAKE.THERE IS NO WATER BODY OR FLOWING WATER ON THE SITE,THERE ARE NO WELLS OR BOREWELLS WITHIN THE SITE.AVAILABILITY OF SERVICESOFF SITE NUISANCES

VISUAL: THE SITE IS FREE FROM VISUALLY DISRUPTIVE ELEMENTS LIKE JUNK YARDS, WATER TOWERS etc.EXCEPT FOR HIGH TENSION POWER TRANSMISSION PYLONAUDITORY: THE SITE IS LOCATED IN THE OUTSKIRTS OF BANGALORE. HENCE NOISE LEVEL IS CONSIDERABLY LOW. THE MAIN ACCESS IS FROM THE OUTER RING ROAD CONNECTING TO THE NH7, THE HIGHWAY COULD CREATE NOISE,, THE SITE IS FREE FROM TRAFFIC NOISE. THERE COULD BE SLIGHT NOISE PRODUCED DUE TO RAILWAY MOVEMENT OCCASIONALLY. OLFACTORY: OLFACTORY NUISANCES SUCH AS DUMPS, CHEMICAL WASTES ARE NIL.TRAFFIC & TRANSIT: THE SITES MAIN ACCESS IS FROM THE ROAD CONNECTING TO THE NATIONAL HIGHWAY 7 WHERE THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT (BTS) IS FREQUENT. THE KENGERI MAIN BUS STOP IS JUST .8 KM FROM THE SITE. THE SITE IS ALSO LOCATED VERY CLOSE TO THE BANGALORE INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AND HEBBAL RAILWAY STATION.WATER BWSSB

ELECTRICITYBESCOM,THERE IS A HIGH TENSION TRANSMISSION PYLON PRESENT WITHIN THE SITESANITATIONDRAINAGE LINE RUNS ALONG THE MAIN ROADECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelCHAPTER VI I1 . DESIGN APPROACH & BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelDesign approach

Commit to place sustainable development issues at the core of the managementStructure.The natural slop e of the site is utilised efficiently,by creating basements in a stepped terrace form.All the public spaces are oriented towards the lake to provide a splendid view of the lake.Terrace gardens are present in each floor.The noise created from the movement of vehicles is lowered by extensive landscaping.The restaurant and banquet spaces are kept close to the kitchen areas.

Ambient spaces with splendid views of the lake, provide natural lighting during daytime. Proper orientation of activities studying the climatological aspects of the site.Proper insulation to make good thermal comforts,to reduce noise pollution and avoid dust filtration.Use of geothermal air conditioning for all the spaces to save energy and avoid green house gas emissions..Use of photo voltaic cells to generate electricity., Water-heating etc.Rainwater harvesting,reducing water use and wastewater output. Reducing solid waste output, ensuring that waste generated is kept to a minimum and disposed of in an environmentally sound way; Purchasing environment-preferable products from local enterprises. Environment communication to guests. Monitoring and documenting environment management programme progress. Innovate processes and applications through new technology; Make a commitment to the education and environmental training of staff; Stimulating consumer awareness about making socially and environmentally responsible choices when travelling.

1.Managing water storage and distribution works

Ensure a frequent turnover of water to avoid the build-up of bacteria such as legionnella pneumophilia. Storage tank openings should be covered and protected from dust, pests, and other sources of contamination. Inlet and outlet valves should be placed so that as little stagnant water as possible can build up. Tanks should be cleaned every six months, and exterior and interior scale build-up removed. Tanks should be regularly checked for leaks. Water distribution Ensure regular maintenance to avoid leaks, spills and back siphonage between drinking and non- drinking supplies. Use vacuum breakers and calibrated systems to control flow, reduce pressure and optimise cost savings. Maintain and upgrade insulation on hot water tanks and pipes.

2.Good housekeeping and maintenance options for reducing water use

Repair leaks and dripping pipes. Run washing machines and dishwashers only when fully loaded. When watering gardens, direct flow to the roots of plants. Encourage employees to save water. Collect rainwater for watering gardens and other non-drinking uses. Avoid rinsing under running taps: use buckets or bowls instead. Place tent cards in bathrooms inviting guests to save water. Invite guests to reuse their towels and linen.

3. Rainwater collection rainwater from roofs, patios, driveways and other paved areas can be collected through a network of gutters and pipes and channelled into a cistern or a catchment basin. In larger buildings and areas where there is much rainfall, downspouts in gutters should be located every 20 feet (instead of the usual 40 feet) to ensure that they do not overflow. Catchment areas can be landscaped to look like ponds or marshes, which will increase the aesthetics of the landscaping effort. .

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel4.Repair and retrofit options for reducing water use

Place volume reducers in toilet cisterns. Install hot and cold water mixers in all outlets. Install pressure flush valves on toilets and urinals. This can reduce flush water by 30-50%. Recover and reuse condensed water from heating, lighting and airconditioning systems. Retrofit taps and showers with aerators. This can reduce water volume by 35%. Install photoelectric cells in public washstands. Install chemically purified urinals that do not use water.Refurbishment options for water Replace baths by showers. Fit low-flow showerheads and toilets.

5.Grey water reuse in hotels, grey water is wastewater from bathrooms, laundries and kitchens; black water is wastewater from toilets. Black water contains pathogens and almost 10 times more nitrogen than grey water. It therefore needs to go through a two-or-three-stage biological treatment process before it can be reused. Grey water treatment can be treated or re-used for toilet, flushing, irrigation, cleaning floors and in cooling towers. A suitable system is most easily incorporated into the initial design of properties, as separate drains and septic tanks have to be built. In the case of existing buildings, the feasibility and costs of retrofitting drainage systems and tanks within the existing structure must be studied closely. Lower water bills and effluent disposal charges will offset investments. The level to which grey water needs to be treated will depend on the level of biological oxygen demand (bod) of the wastewater and the purpose for which the water is to be reused. The level of bod refers to the level of oxygen extracted from the water by bacteria when the pollutants decompose. The more organic materials present in the wastewater, the higher the amount of oxygen needed to support the decomposition of the pollutants. The grey water is reused for irrigation or flushing toilets. In this case, passing the wastewater through a sand filter may be sufficient. To maximise the efficiency of sand filters, it is important to minimise the suspended solids in the wastewater. Bathroom and laundry outlets should therefore be fitted with filters and grease traps should be added to kitchen outlets.

ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel6. Black water or sewage treatment

sewage is a mixture of suspended and dissolved organic matter. The strength of sewage effluent is described in terms of suspended solids (ss) and biochemical oxygen demand (bod). Conventional sewage treatment is a 3-stage process: preliminary treatment, primary sedimentation and secondary (biological) treatment. During preliminary treatment, the effluent is passed through large screens which filter out the larger floating particles and objects. This does not significantly reduce the pollution load of the effluent, but makes it easier to treat, as the large particles, which can block and damage equipment, have been removed. The next step is primary sedimentation. The effluent is piped into specially designed sedimentation tanks where the suspended solids are allowed to settle. The floating scum and the settled sludge is then removed. Over 55% of suspended solids are removed during primary sedimentation. The effluent goes through a secondary biological treatment process, which involves a reactor containing micro-organisms which oxidise the pollutants. The effluent is then pumped into a secondary sedimentation tank in which the micro-organisms are separated from the final effluent. The treated effluent is then discharged into a watercourse. The treatment of sewage sludge (from the primary sedimentation and secondary biological treatment process) is an integral part of sewage treatment. Sewage sludge has an offensive odour and is a health hazard as it contains bacteria and pathogens. It requires anaerobic digestion treatment during which the organic matter present in the sludge is converted into methane (70%) and carbon dioxide. Anaerobically digested sludge is often further de-watered in lagoons prior to disposal at sea or as fertiliser on land. ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelII. Geothermal air conditioning

Geothermal energy is heat from the interior of the earth, the same heat that rises naturally in geysers, hot springs and volcanoes. It can be used directly as hot water or steam, or used for the production of electricity. High-temperature geothermal sites are not widespread. But low-temperature sites in many parts of the world can be used to provide heating and cooling for buildings. The technology used for this purpose is the geothermal heat pump. Geothermal heat pumps are like two-way refrigerators; they move heat from outside to inside the building or vice-versa according to the season. They are located inside the building, with its essential components sealed plastic pipes installed vertically in boreholes (30-100m deep) or horizontally in trenches, in which water or an antifreeze solution circulates. In winter, the heat pump extracts heat from the hot water or steam in the interior of the earth, brings it up through the water or antifreeze liquid that circulates insidethe plastic pipes sunk in the ground, and transfers it inside the building. In summer, the pumps move heat from the building into the earth. The same plastic loop is used as in winter, but the direction of flow is reversed. This technology takes advantage of the fact that the temperature in the ground varies less with the seasons than does the temperature of the atmosphere. As geothermal heat pumps use electricity to move heat and not generate it, they are extremely efficient and generate three to four times the amount of energy they consume. Buildings using this technology have lowered heating/cooling-related electricity consumption by 50-80%. III. .Landscaping

landscaping greatly improves aesthetics, and can be used to increase and decrease heating and cooling loads, improve air quality, provide a sense of place, and keep the occupants in touch with nature. The need to air out buildings through the provision of open spaces is now widely accepted, but is all too rarely given consideration until the site has been cleared and the buildings erected. Sustainable design encourages developers to consider landscaping when the buildings are being designed, and to use the existing physical features of the site to enhance and improve the efficiency of sustainable design. For example, large deciduous trees can be used to reduce cooling loads in the summer and increase solar gain in the winter. Natural gradients can be used to facilitate the collection of rainwater and the landscaping of ponds, mini-wetlands and other features.

9, xeriscaping xeriscaping means saving water through landscaping. It involves a range of techniques including soil improvement, practical turf areas and plant selection that allow irrigation water requirements to be met by rainwater and natural water percolation in soils. Some xeriscaping tips: plants with similar water requirements can be planted in groups or beds, and not scattered all over the area. This allows irrigation to be zoned according to the plants needs. Slopes can be terraced to allow water to soak into the soil. Plants with the most water needs should be placed on gradients, which receive the most water. Raised beds should be avoided as they can dry out very quickly. Plants that need a lot of water can be placed near buildings where they can be supplemented with wastewater from vehicle washing, kitchens or run-off from paved areas. Stronger and more drought-tolerant plants should be exposed to prevailing winds: they will provide a buffer for more fragile speciesECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotelGreen walls

Green walls in their more elaborate form, green walls are living walls and may incorporate water elementsIncluding ponds and fish. Green walls may also be incorporated into the cooling strategy of a house, as a kind of evaporative air conditioner, and they may even be designed as part of a water treatment system. Green walls include:> Green facades pots with vines on trellises.> Active with soil/growing medium running up wall.> Passive epiphytes.

Appearance

Green roofs can look like anything from a lawn to a forest. Extensive green roofs that use a thin layer of growing medium to support ground cover plants with short roots ,green roofs may be seen from ground level. Intensive roofs can support quite substantial, highly visible vegetation, cascading over the sides of the building or as shrubs and trees rising above the roofline. These are commonly referred to as roof gardens. By creating a landscaped surface green roofs can radically change a buildings roof line. The benefits of green roofs include:> Longer roof lifespan.> Improved sound insulation.> Reduced heating and cooling requirements.> Reduced stormwater run-off.> Trapping of gaseous and particulantPollutants.> Alleviation of urban heat islands.Increased biodiversity.

Breathability and toxicity vegetation in urban areas can filter out fine airborne particles which then wash off into the soil and foliage can absorb gaseous pollutantsSo it can be reasonably assumed that green roofs provide the same services. Studies have shown that green roofs can trap up to 95 per cent of heavy metals in the local atmosphere.IV. PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS

GROW,photovoltaic cells which was created by the Brooklyn based sustainable design group SMIT (Sustainably Minded Interactive Technology) is actually a large collection of small, leaf like solar cells which can be used to cover a building just like growing ivy will over time. Except of course the GROW leaves are made from 100% recyclable polyethylene covered with thin film photovoltaic modules encapsulated in Tefzel.The solar leaves need to be wired together in order to collect the energy they produce, but the system is extremely flexible allowing it to be installed on a building no matter what shape it is. Its also extremely easy to maintain since replacing a single leaf when it fails doesnt require you to take down the entire installation. And most importantly since the leaves are thin and flexible they actually flutter in the breeze and have the appearance of real ivy, making them aesthetically pleasing. Ideas like this make the technology more accessible and easier for a homeowner to implement.

CHANGE IN ORIENTATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS WITH THE MOVEMENT OF SUN.

V. NATURAL SWIMMING POOLS

Natural swimming polls are a chemical free combination of swimming area and aquatic plant garden. The swimming are Merges with the planted area ,creating an environment that is interwined and mutually dependent on one another.These ecologically balanced,self cleansing swimming pools combine the natural cleaning properties of plants with filtration and skimming systems so that there is no need for harmful chemicals or intensive sand filtration. The result is a biologically chemical free swimming environment. The water is clear but not sterilized as in the traditional swimming pool , and it is able to sustain the normal range of pond life,microscopic organisms,invertebrates and even frogs and toads.The aquatic flora and fauna are indicators of the state of the environment and at present their loss in the landscape is very worrying While design of the natural swimming pools may vary all consists of a swimming area and a regeneration zone.the swimming area can range between 1200 and 2200 mm deep and is kept plant free.it is usually lined with a rubber liner or foil to prevent water leakage and it is separated from the regeneration zone by barrier wall. this prevents the invasion of plants and soil leakage from the regeneration zone into the swimming area and it also makes it much easier to service and drain each separately.the wall top will actually be approximately 100 mm below the surface of the pool in order to allow free transfer of water between each area. the quality of water is of special significance.the layout of the pool with its natural regeneration zone promotes the self cleansing forces of the water and the mechanisms provide a long term stable and hygienic quality.the use of chemicals would only lead to the destruction of the biological balance in the water. the shallow warmer water of the regeneration zone circulates with the cooler deeper water of the swimming area andd increases its temperature much more quickly .

CONSTRUCTION OF NATURAL SWIMMING POOL`SOWING THE SEEDS OF CHANGE- AN ENVIRONMENTAL AND SUSTAINABLE TOURISM TEACHING PACK FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY PUBLISHED :BY UNEP-UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME

CLIMATICALLY RESPONSIVE ENERGY EFFICIENT ARCHITECTURE : A DESIGN HAND BOOK VOLUME.ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT BY - JOHN RUSKING TIME SAVER STANDARD NEUFERT STANDARD : A ARCHITECTURAL HAND BOOK. PASSIVE & ACTIVE CONCEPT FOR ECO-FRIENDLY STRUCTURE. MANUAL OF TROPICAL HOUSING & BUILDING CLIMATIC DESIGN. BY - KOENINGBERGER. BIBLIOGRAPHY ECOTEL-An eco-friendly hotel