ect- exam (practice 2- sv) 2014-2015(2)
TRANSCRIPT
8/18/2019 ECT- Exam (Practice 2- SV) 2014-2015(2)
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School of Engineering
and Built Environment
Department of Engineering
SESSION: 2014/2015
Sample: EXAM PRACTIC (MOCK EXAM PAPER)
Energy Conversion Technologies
Level: 3
Module Code: M3J923150
Module Leader: Prof M El-Sharif
DATE: 2015 DURATION: 2 Hours
Time:
CANDIDATES SHOULD ATTEMPT FOUR QUESTIONS – TWO FROM
SECTION A AND TWO FROM SECTION B
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
PLEASE READ THE QUESTIONS CAREFULLY
MATERIALS TO Lined Examination Script BooksBE SUPPLIED/ALLOWED:
Unlined Examination Script Books
Question Paper (Supplied)
Thermodynamic Tables (Attached)
Key Formulae Sheet (Attached)
Dictionary (Allowed)
Calculator (Allowed)
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SECTION A
Attempt TWO Question
Q1. Consider a steam power plant that operates on the ideal regenerative Rankine cycle
with a closed feedwater heater as shown in Figure Q1. The plant maintains the turbine
inlet at 3000 kPa and 350°C; and operates the condenser at 20 kPa. Steam is extracted
at 1000 kPa to serve the closed feedwater heater, which discharges into the condenserafter being throttled to condenser pressure. Assume that the isentropic efficiency of
the turbine is 90% before and after steam extraction point.
a) Show the cycle on a T-s diagram with respect to saturation lines.
b)
Determine:
i.
the specific work produced by the turbine;
ii.
the specific work consumed by the pump; iii.
the thermal efficiency of the cycle.
.
Figure Q1: Steam power plant
Data and Formulae related to Q1 :
h1 = 251.42 kJ/kg v1 = 0.001017 m3/kg
h3 = 763.53 kJ/kgh4 = 3116.1 kJ/kg
h5s = 2851.9 kJ/kg
h6s = 2221.7 kJ/kg
h7 = 762.51 kJ/kg
,efficiencyturbineIsentropic64
64
54
54
s s
T hh
hh
hh
hh
Condenser
Turbine
Closed
FWH
Boiler
Pump
2
1
3
4
5
7
6(1-y)
(y)
Throttle valve
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Q.2 The gas-turbine cycle shown in Figure Q2 is used as an automotive engine. In the first
turbine (Tur 1), the gas expands to pressure P5, just low enough for this turbine to drive
the compressor. The gas is then expanded through the second turbine (Tur 2)
connected to the drive wheels. The isentropic efficiency of the compressor is
82% and both turbines have efficiencies of 87%. The regenerator effectiveness is
70%. Using data shown in Figure Q2 and assuming no pressure drop in regenerator
and burner, determine:
i.
the air temperature leaving the compressor T2
ii. the net specific work output of the engine,
iii. the mass flow rate through the engine.
iv. the specific enthalpy of the exhaust stream h7
v. the thermal efficiency of the engine.
Figure Q2
DATA:
h2s = 501.74 kJ/kg
h6s = 1088.63kJ/kgTABLE A-22 Ideal Gas Properties of Air (attached)
Formu lae related to Q2 :
26
23 ess,effectivenrRegeneratohh
hhreg
s
T hh
hh
65
65 ,efficiencyturbineIsentropic
,efficiencycompressor Isentropic12
12
hhhh s
c
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Q.3 Figure Q3 provides steady-state operating data for a well-insulated device having
steam entering at one location and exiting at another with a mass flow rate of 10kg/s.
Neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects, determine:
i.
the direction of flow;
ii. the power output or input, as appropriate, in kW.
Figure Q3
Formu lae related to Q3 :
system gen
ou t in J J
J S smmT
Q
s0
balance.rateentropyvolumecontrolstate-Steady
iieieCV CV z g C C hhmW Q e
22 z)(2
1
state.steadyat balancerateEnergy
Saturated vapour
P =1.0 bar
P =1 MPa
T = 320oC
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SECTION B
Attempt TWO Question
Q4.
a.
What is the definition of the coefficient of performance, Cp, of a wind turbine? [2 marks]
b. With the aid of a sketch, explain how the lift and drag forces on an aerofoil are generated.
[5 marks]
c.
On a particular wind turbine, a blade is travelling with an angular velocity of 3 rad/s. If the
incident air velocity is 6 m/s and the inflow factor can be taken as 0.01, what is the relative
wind speed at a blade radius of 10m? [5 marks]
d.
If the pitch angle of the blade described in part c is 2o; calculate the angle of attack.
[3 marks]
e. The distribution of wind speeds over a year at a location 20m above ground level are found
to be as follows:
6 hrs/day at 4m/s
6 hrs/day at 7.5m/s
6 hrs/day at 0m/s
6 hrs/day at 2m/s
i)
Calculate the root mean cube speed URMC. [5 marks]
ii) Calculate the annual average power available in the wind; assume the density of air
is 1.2 kg/m3. [3 marks]
iii)
What is the annual energy production potential at this location? [2 marks]
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Q5.
a) What forces influence the generation of tides on earth? [2 marks]
b) Will an estuary which has a length of approximately 100 km and an average depth of 25 m
experience a resonance effect? [2 marks]
c) When considering tidal range power generation, what factors determine the potentialenergy available? [4 marks]
d) Sketch a typical layout for a turbine within the setting of a tidal barrage and label the
important components. [5 marks]
e) Describe the four steps of the operating cycle for Ebb generation for a tidal barrage scheme;
use a series of sketches to illustrate your description. [12 marks]
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Q6.
a.
Name the two kinds of particle that are at the centre of an atom and give nature of the
charge of each. [4 marks]
b. What is meant by the term mass defect ? [1 mark]
c. If the element boron is written as B105 , what do the values 10 and 5 represent?
[2 marks]
d. At the atomic scale; what is the unit for energy and what is its value in Joules [2 marks]
e. Name three nuclear decay modes. [3 marks]
f.
Draw a sketch of a boiling water reactor and label the major components [10 marks]
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Data Q2: TABLE A-22 Ideal Gas Properties of Air (attached)