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General Studies (IV) comprises of two sections viz. Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude

(Theoretical Section) and Applied Ethics through Case Studies. A topic wise syllabus

breakup of General Studies (IV) is provided hereunder:

• Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in-

human actions; dimensions of ethics; ethics - in private and public relationships.

Human Values -lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and

administrators; role of family society and educational institutions in inculcating

values.

• Attitude: content, structure, function; its influence and relation with thought and

behaviour; moral and political attitudes; social influence and persuasion.

• Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service, integrity, impartiality and non-

partisanship, objectivity, dedication to public service, empathy, tolerance and

compassion towards the weaker-sections.

• Emotional intelligence-concepts, and their utilities and application in administration

and governance.

• Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world.

• Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration: Status and problems;

ethical concerns and dilemmas in government and private institutions; laws, rules,

regulations and conscience as sources of ethical guidance; accountability and ethical

governance; strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance; ethical issues

in international relations and funding; corporate governance.

• Probity in Governance: Concept of public service; Philosophical basis of governance

and probity; Information sharing and transparency in government, Right to

Information, Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, Citizen’s Charters, Work culture,

Quality of service delivery, Utilization of public funds, challenges of corruption.

• Case Studies on above issues

GENERAL STUDIES (IV) TOPIC WISE DETAILED ANALYSIS

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Ethics and Human Interface

• Meaning of ethics • Classification of Ethics • Meta Ethics, Normative Ethics and

Applied Ethics • Descriptive ethics and Prescriptive

ethics • Moral Philosophy and habits • Dimension of Ethics

• Ethics and Law • Ethics and Morality • Ethics and Religion • Human actions and actions of human in

Ethics • Ethics in private life • Ethics in public life • Grey area of ethics

Human Values

• Meaning of Human values • The value system of an individual • Values and Morality • Values and Ethics • Intrinsic and Extrinsic values • Difference between human values,

ethical values and moral values

• Lessons learnt from the lives and

teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators

• Role of family in inculcating values. • Role of society in inculcating values • Role of educational institutions in

inculcating values

Attitude

• Meaning of attitude • Id, Ego and Super ego • Components of attitude-Affective

component, Cognitive component and behavioural component

• Functions of attitude- Ego-defensive function, Value –expressive function and Knowledge function

• Models on Attitude formation • Impact of beliefs and values in attitude

formation

• Social and Group influences in attitude formation

• Attitude ambivalence • Persuasion and change in attitude • Tools of persuasion • Political attitude • Moral attitude • Attitude’s influence and relation with

thought and behaviour

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Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service

• Aptitude and innate ability • Types of Aptitude

• Aptitude for Civil services

• Intellectual aptitude. • Emotional aptitude. • Moral aptitude.

• Nolan committee-List of Seven

Foundational Values

• Integrity • Objectivity • Impartiality • Dedication to public service • Tolerance • Compassion towards weaker sections • Neutrality • Impartiality • Anonymity

Emotional Intelligence

• Meaning of Emotional Intelligence • Difference between IQ and EQ • Development of Emotional Intelligence • Components of Emotional Intelligence

• Importance of Emotional Intelligence in Personal relations

• Importance of Emotional Intelligence in Public life

• Importance of Emotional Intelligence for a Civil servant

Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world

• Socrates • Plato • Aristotle • Jeremy Bentham • John Stuart Mill • Thomas Hobbes • John Locke • John Rawls

• Schopenhauer • Peter Singer • Lawrence Kohlberg • Carol Gilligan • Jean Paul Sartre • Confucius • René Descartes • Democritus

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• Jean-Jacques Rousseau • . Pierre-Joseph Proudhon • Immanuel Kant • W.D. Ross • St. Thomas Aquinas • Robert Nozick • David Hume • G.E. Moore • J. Ayer • Charles Stevenson • R. M. Hare • Herbert Spencer • Ayn Rand • Friedrich Nietzsche • Rama Krishna Paramahansa • Swami Vivekananda • Jiddu Krishnamurti • Raja Ram Mohun Roy • Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar • Rabindranath Tagore • Swami Dayanand Saraswati • Mahatma Gandhi • R. Ambedkar • E. V. Ramaswamy Naicker • Jotiba Phule • Aurobindo Ghosh • Mahasweta Devi • Mother Teresa • Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam • Mary Parker Follet • Benjamin Franklin • Dalai Lama • Aung San Suu Kyi • Albert Einstein • Lee Kuan Yew • Henry Ford

• Adam Smith • Karl Marx • Montesquieu • Niccole Machiavelli • Ralph Cudworth • Auguste Comte • Francis Bacon • Voltaire • George Berkeley • Samuel Clarke • Cicero • Lao Tzu • Henry David Thoreau • Max Weber • Abraham Lincoln • Martin Luther King Jr. • Nelson Mandela • Gautama Buddha • Vardhamana Mahavira • Kautilya • Adi Shankaracharya • Guru Ravidas • Guru Nanak • Sant Kabir Das • Thiruvalluvar • Wangari Maathai • Kofi Annan • Lech Walesa • Desmond Tutu • Isaac Newton • Muhammad Yunus • Elie Wiesel • Alva Myrdal • Emperor Asoka • Sun Yat Sen • T.N. Seshan • E Sreedharan

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Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration

• Ethics in Public administration • Ethical concerns in Private and Public

institutions

• Ethical dilemmas in Private and Public institutions

• Accountability and ethical governance • Strengthening of ethical and moral

values in governance

• Ethical issues in international relations and funding

• Meaning of corporate governance • Ethics and corporate governance • Corporate Social responsibility and

ethics

• Business ethics • Work ethics • Norms of corporate ethics in India

Probity in Governance

• Ethics behind Public service • Philosophical basis of Governance and

Probity

• Information sharing and transparency in government

• RTI an ethical tool for change • Code of ethics • Code of conduct • Code of conduct for ministers • Code of conduct for legislators • Code of conduct for bureaucrats • Code of conduct for jurists • Significance of Citizen’s charter

Components of citizen’s charter

• Utilisation of Public Funds

• Problems in Fund Release and Utilization

• Parliamentary Control on Expenditure • Corruption: causes and Consequences • Collusive corruption • Coercive corruption • Probity in public life • Corruption in Civil services • Civil society initiatives in fighting

corruption

• Legal initiatives in fighting corruption • Whistleblowers Protection Act • Steps necessary to fight corruption

Note: Case Studies are applied sections of GS IV and hence no particular syllabus can be

defined for it. However it must be remembered that the questions on case studies are not

asked in isolation rather they are based on the knowledge derived from the theoretical

sections. Hence a thorough understanding of the theoretical areas is imperative for

understanding case studies. Case studies generally focus on administrative ethics, values in

civil services, emotional intelligence and ethical dilemmas

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