Mark Scheme (Result s) January 2008

GCE O Level

Pakist an St udies (7535) Paper 2

Edexcel Limited. Registered in England and Wales No. 4496750 Registered Office: One90 High Holborn, London WC1V 7

7535/ 02 Geography Paper

1(a) (i)Hyderabad (i i)Afghanist an (i i i)Gwadar (iv)Sut lej (v)Pot war 5x1m

(5)

1(b) (i)575-625 km 1m (i i)West ; al low WSW. 1m (2)

1(c) Isot herm Y 1m (1)

1(d) See accompanying map. 1m for each it em marked. 4m (4)

2(a) Accept any t wo val id reasons eg big landowners own large proport ion of land; inef fect ive land reforms

(2)

2(b) General st at ement eg deat h of infant s 1m; more specif ic det ail eg deat h at birt h/ deat h before age of one year 1m.

(2)

2(c) Reasons relat ing t o relat ive lack of resources ; lack of amenit ies; deprivat ion; l imit ed educat ion. (6)

2(d) Level 1; point of view wit h single superf icial reason; Level 2; point of view wit h sound reasons; Level 3; point of view j ust if ied by reasons present ed; at t ent ion t o bot h reduced quickly and at low cost (6)

3(a) Any four dif ferences. eg more elderly in 2025; wider base in 2025; more even progression t o pyramid in 2005.

If answer simply of fers dif ferences on four bars t o 2m max. , as not address descript ion. (4)

3(b) Marks for reasons for dif ferences ident if ied in (a). If answer of fers reasons for ot her dif ferences t o 3m max. (6)

3(c) Level 1; general advice; not hing specif ic; Level 2; advice regarding specif ic measures eg build more schools ; Level 3; specif ic advice which t akes int o account t he key changes in t he shape of t he pyramids eg educat ion; employment ; caring for elderly. (6)

4(a) Any four physical feat ures; may relat e t o rel ief ; drainage; cl imat e. 4x1m (4)

4(b) Reserve 4m for at t ract ions of Baluchist an eg resources; encouragement t o develop by Pakist an Government ; possible assist ance wit h development of inf rast rut ure Reserve 2m for why China; economic expansion; need for resources. (6)

4(c) Level 1; general observat ions which ref lect possible negl igence of an out sider ; Level 2; some specif ic observat ions eg damage t o environment ; prof it s go out of Pakist an; Level 3; 2 or more disadvant ages present ed wit h reasons. (6)

5(a) (i) (1)Max t emperat ure; 34-36 1m (2)Range of t emperat ure 23-25 1m (3)5 mont hs 1m (3)

5(a) (ii) Any t hree element s which help t o ref lect pat t ern. eg summer max; no dry mont h; dip April / June; abrupt increase in July. (3)

5(b) West ern depressions in wint er for Quet t a; monsoonal rainfal l for Karachi in summer (4)

5(c) Level 1; general awareness of fact or/ fact ors which may inf luence dif ferences. Level 2; reference t o marit ime/ cont inent al inf luences and/ or alt it ude. Level 3; capacit y t o demonst rat e impact of t hese fact ors on mean t emperat ures. (6)

6(a) Any t wo val id count ries which at t ract appreciable numbers for employment . Eg Canada; Middle East count ies. 2x1/ 2m (1)

6(b) Reasons may include; resources sent home; get educat ion/ t raining;

broaden horizons; rel ives pressure on home count ry. (4)

6(c) (i) Ef fort s come about t o rel ieve pressure on urban resources and t o sust ain rural areas. (5)

6(c) (ii) Level 1; out l ine ef fect s for one named measure;

Level 2; out l ine descript ion of ef fect s of t wo measures. Level 3; insight int o ef fect s of t wo measures. (6)

7(a) (i) General not ion 1m; example/ amplif icat ion 1m (2)

7(a) (ii) Reasons may include: lack of ot her opport unit ies; lack of skil ls;

opport unit ies for women; t radit ion (3)

7(b) Reasons relat ing t o t radit ion and cult ural/ rel igious const raint s on

woman. Lack of educat ion. Limit at ions in rural areas. (5)

7(c) Level 1; general ideas eg more educat ion;

Level 2; specif ic impact of measures l ike more/ bet t er educat ion Level 3; insight int o impact of 2 or more reasons which part ly address cult ural change/ s (6)

8(a) Sport s goods; r ice; cot t on fabrics. 1m for 2 correct it ems; 2m

for 3 correct it ems. (2)

8(b) Allow references t o i l l icit / unregulat ed t rade; poor administ rat ion;

inadequat e cost ings. (4)

8(c) Level 1; awareness of concept of cont ainerisat ion; general ideas

relat ing t o advant ages and/ or disadvant ages. Level 2; some specif ic advant ages & disadvant ages eg speed/ capacit y/ unemployment / unregulat ed t rade. Level 3; insight int o bot h advant ages and disadvant ages. (6)

8(d) Allow references t o dominance of Karachi; lack of development capit al; l imit ed hint erlands; inf rast ruct ure; appropriat eness of coast al areas. (4)