FilmmakingEditing and Post Production

Presented by Phillip Countryman

What We’ll Cover:● Importing/Ingesting Footage● Transcoding

○ RAW, Digital Intermediate, Deliverable Media

● Editing Systems○ Interface○ What Program should I use?○ Collaboration

● Editing! ○ Different Types of Cuts○ Timing○ Editing to music

● Color Correction● Color Grading● Finishing● Delivering Media

Preparing Footage for the Edit● In most cases you footage will not be ready for edit directly off the camera.

○ You need to make Digital Intermediates (i.e. file types that are native to the Non-Linear Editor)

● Many cameras shoot and create video files that you can view immediately, but these files are not ready for edit.

● These files are often compressed as H.264 (heavy compression which put your computer under more strain).

● Ideally you should be editing with an Intra-frame codec such as Prores or ALL-I. This will require you to transcode all your media before edit.

Codecs? What Are They?The video codec is the specific way in which the video information is compiled together within the file to optimize performance.

There are two primary types of video compression codecs: Inter-frame and Intra-frame. These are very important to understand and distinguish.

Inter-frame Compression Intra-frame Compression

Types of CodecsInter-frame codecs (used for delivery):

- H.264- MPEG-4- MPEG-2- AVCHD (A variant of H.264)- XDCAM (Exclusively Sony)- XAVC (New Sony development)

Intra-frame codecs (used for editing):

- MJPEG (a sequence of JPEGs bundled together)

- Prores (Use if editing on Apple computers)

- DNxHD (Use if editing on Windows)- ALL-I- Cinema DNG (RAW codec)

Editing SystemsNLE: Non-Linear Editor - The editing application

THE BIG 4:

What Program Should I Use?LEARN ALL OF THEM.

The one that you use primarily, will be based on your work flow and personal preferences.

You may be required to use a specific program for certain projects or on certain teams. This is why it’s helpful to know all of them.

For the purpose of this webinar, we will be focusing on Adobe Premiere Pro.

Interface

TIMELINE

MEDIA BROWSER

MEDIA VIEWER

EditingTypes of cuts:

● Standard Cut● J-Cuts, and L-Cuts (For audio blending)● Match Cut● Jump Cut● Cut On Action● Cross-Cutting● Cutaways● Montage

In-Class Demonstration

Color CorrectionColor Balance

Exposure Balance

LOG?

Most professional cameras will shoot a Log (Logarithmic) profile to preserve highlights, shadows, and color information when being compressed, so that you can choose what information to keep when you’re editing. This results in a very flat looking image, that needs to be corrected in post.

Log Footage Color Graded

Color Scopes

Color Wheels and Curves

Exporting Your Files for DeliveryRemember our conversation about Codecs? That comes in handy here.

This is where you will create compressed H.264 files. Everything you have done will become burned in and locked at this stage.

Choosing a preset for compression:

Fine tuning your settings: Variable Bitrate and Why

Wrapping UpOnce you’re finished encoding your final edit, you have a file that can be used online, or delivered to multiple devices.

Make two copies: One that’s compressed for Web, and a master file with little to no compression, ideally Prores 422 (an Intra-frame codec!). This will allow you to archive it in its most optimized form.

That’s All Folks!Thanks for joining us on this two part webinar series!