edition 112 friday 23 december 2016€¦ · 4 herbicide resistant weeds as crops approach harvest,...
TRANSCRIPT
Edition 112 Friday 23 December 2016
This Crop Action contains information on:
1 Fungicide withholding periods for straw and post-harvest grazing in ryegrass seed
crops
2 Red clover case bearer moth
3 Weed Survey
4 Herbicide resistant weeds
5 Pea weevil update
6 TPP and degree days
7 CROPS 2016 and NCRS event
8 Events
1 Interpretation of fungicide withholding periods for straw and
post-harvest grazing in ryegrass seed crops. It is important that growers are aware of their obligations when trading straw which has been treated with fungicides for the control of disease e.g. stem rust (Puccinia graminis subsp. Graminicola). This is of particular importance in crops where the residue (or seed/grain) may be used as animal feed.
When products are registered through ACVM (Agricultural compounds & veterinary medicines) legislation, they are required to include withholding periods for both re-entry of livestock to the paddock where treatment has occurred and for the use of forage (straw) to prevent accumulation of fungicide residues in livestock
The advantage of applying fungicides for the control of stem rust has been demonstrated in many FAR trials with turf type perennial ryegrasses, where seed yield increases of up to 50% are common. However, stem rust cycles rapidly when canopy temperatures are hot and few fungicides offer protection outside 14 days in mid-summer. Therefore it is important to consider withholding periods for both straw and grazing of crop regrowth.
As harvest approaches, growers will need to carefully consider their options if fungicide treatment is required, the options are:
1. Do not apply fungicide that contravenes the specified withholding period. This may involve a yield loss if disease is present,
2. If fungicide is applied that contravenes the withholding period, either burn or incorporate all crop straw and seed, ensuring livestock cannot ingest crop residues.
3. Undertake a fungicide residue test, at the grower’s cost, to ensure residues are at or below the maximum residue limit (MRL) for the product.
Be aware - For all fungicide products, harvest is considered as cutting, not threshing.
Please check individual labels for generic formulations of common fungicide brands to make
sure that the same label conditions apply.
If in doubt about any of the issues raised in this technical update then please contact your
agrichemical supplier or the manufacturer directly.
Active ingredient Trade name
Withholding period Label link
Triazole Prothioconazole Proline® Ryegrass seed crops 14 days. Ryegrass
forage 35 days https://www.cropscience.bayer.co.nz/~/media/internet/BCSNZ/CP/CropScience%20NZ/Product%20Downloads/Fungicides/Proline/Label%20Proline%20P7250%20231214.ashx
Epoxiconazole Opus® Ultimate etc
35 days. http://agro.basf.co.nz/Libraries/Product_Documents/Opus_Ultimate_Label.sflb.ashx
Tebuconazole Folicur® etc Ryegrass seed crops 30 days. https://www.cropscience.bayer.co.nz/~/media/internet/BCSNZ/CP/CropScience NZ/Product Downloads/Fungicides/Folicur SC/Label Folicur SC P4921 190914.ashx
Cyproconazole Alto® 30 days https://www.syngenta.co.nz/product/crop-protection/fungicide/alto-100-sl
Propiconazole Tilt® Ryegrass seed crops 30 days. https://www.syngenta.co.nz/product/crop-protection/fungicide/tilt-ec
Triadimenol Cereous® etc
Ryegrass seed crops 35 days. https://www.cropscience.bayer.co.nz/~/media/internet/BCSNZ/CP/CropScience NZ/Product Downloads/Fungicides/Cereous/Cereous Label.ashx
Other
Carbendazim Potek® etc 14 days before harvest (cutting), 35 days before grazing
http://www.zelam.com/product_files/label/protek.pdf
Strobilurin
Pyraclostrobin Comet® 35 days until introduction of stock http://agro.basf.co.nz/Libraries/Product_Documents/Comet_Label.sflb.ashx
Azoxystrobin Amistar® etc
Ryegrass seed crops 28 -35 days https://www.syngenta.co.nz/product/crop-protection/fungicide/amistar
Trifloxystrobin Protiva® 35 days http://www.adria.nz//docTech/Protiva Technical Guide.pdf
SDHI
Isopyrazam Seguris flexi®
Ryegrass seed crops - 14 days https://www.syngenta.co.nz/product/crop-protection/fungicide/seguris-flexi
Mixtures
Prothioconazole + tebuconazole
Prosaro 35 days https://www.cropscience.bayer.co.nz/~/media/internet/BCSNZ/CP/CropScience%20NZ/Product%20Downloads/Fungicides/Prosaro/Label%20Prosaro%20P7662%20160714.ashx
Prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin
Delaro 35 days https://www.cropscience.bayer.co.nz/~/media/internet/BCSNZ/CP/CropScience%20NZ/Product%20Downloads/Fungicides/Delaro/Delaro%20Label.ashx
Azoxystrobin + Epoxiconazole
Radial 35 days http://www.adama.com/new-zealand/en/Images/Radial%20Label%2028.06.16_tcm42-19278.pdf
Please check individual labels for generic formulations of common fungicide brands to make sure that the same label conditions apply.
If in doubt about any of the issues raised in this technical update then please contact your agrichemical supplier or the manufacturer directly.
All crops: Early harvest and withholding periods (including glyphosate)
In some parts of the country crops are finishing very quickly, thus it is important to check that you are
not planning to harvest within the withholding period of any agrichemicals.
Note that the terms of malting barley and some milling wheat contracts effectively exclude the use of
glyphosate pre-harvest. Check your contract or with your company rep if you are unsure.
2 Red clover case bearer (Coleophora deauratella)
The red clover case bearer moth, Coleophora deauratella, has been detected as a new incursion in Auckland. Detections have been made at a number of sites around Auckland city. At this stage, there have been no confirmed detections outside Auckland city. FAR is working with MPI, Federated Farmers and other groups to understand more about this pest, how it might impact on New Zealand red clover crops and how to manage it. A comprehensive factsheet will be available in early 2017 about this pest. Details of what we do know are outlined below:
Red clover case bearer is small (about 8mm long) and is very similar to several other species of clover case bearer moth (Coleophora spp.) that are already well established in New Zealand. The moth's principal host plant is red clover, although it has occasionally been reported from other clover species (including white clover, haresfoot trefoil).
Adult moths are expected to be seen in New Zealand from October-December. Eggs are laid by the female moths at the base of florets and the larvae feed on developing seeds in the florets over summer. The moth overwinters as mature larvae typically near the soil surface or in leaf litter. The larvae then pupate and emerge as adults the following spring/summer.
Experiences in Canada and the United States suggest that the red clover case bearer is more of a concern for clover seed crops, rather than having an effect on established red clover in pasture.
It is not feasible to attempt an eradication of red clover case bearer as it would not be possible to treat, nor survey all possible areas where host material occurs (pastures, roadsides, lawns, and waste areas throughout New Zealand).
A number of parasitoids already present in New Zealand will attack Coleophora spp, including some parasitoids that were specifically introduced to control the other Coleophora spp. already established in New Zealand, which are also potential pests of clover.
FAR is consulting with Oregon State University as to how best to conduct surveillance on this pest in red clover seed crops for the future.
3 Weed survey
Thanks to those of you who have responded to the joint FAR/AgResearch Weed Survey. The results
of the survey will be used to back up an application for research funding on weeds in cereal crops.
The information provided to date has been very useful, particularly around the impact of weeds on
wheat crops. We are still looking for more responses, particularly from barley growers, so if you have
the time, please follow the link, and complete this survey. It shouldn't take more than 5 minutes.
https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/KMPZZW3
4 Herbicide resistant weeds
As crops approach harvest, it is a good time to look out for any weed populations which have
survived herbicide applications, potentially suggesting the development of herbicide resistance.
If you have any concerns about this, leave the weeds in place, note the location and contact FAR for
advice.
5 Pea weevil update
Surveillance outside the controlled area
The presence of pea weevils has NOT been confirmed outside the Controlled Area
Monitoring of pea crops outside Wairarapa in continuing. As of Friday 16 December monitoring of
175 paddocks has been completed. Surveying will continue over the Christmas/New Year break as
crops come into flower. To date, all samples sent to the laboratory have been negative for pea
weevil.
Trap crops and volunteer peas
The trap crops are working and pea weevils have been found at all seven sites. Four crops have been
insecticide and herbicide treated and the remaining crops will continue to be monitored.
For the trap crops to be successful no other peas must be grown inside the Controlled Area. Please
remember that volunteer plants must be managed so that they cannot attract weevils this coming
season. We need your help to manage this risk.
Please call MPI on 0800 80 99 66 if you find volunteer peas, all calls are confidential.
6 TPP and degree days
The following graphs show the accumulated degree days (DD) for Pukekohe, Hawke's Bay,
Matamata, Manawatu, Mid-Canterbury and South Canterbury from 1 July 2016. The graph for each
region also contains accumulated degree days for a hot and cold year in that region, to allow you to
make comparisons with the current season. The number of TPP generations for the current season
so far is indicated on the graph with a yellow arrow. Full information on how to interpret these
graphs can be found on the FAR website or in Potato Update 2 .
Remember:
Psyllids are active throughout the year and therefore 1 July is an arbitrary starting point.
It is important to be aware of other plants near your crop that can sustain TPP and act as a
source of infestation. These include nightshade weeds, African boxthorn, poroporo but also
volunteer potatoes.
Since the psyllid research is a work in progress, we strongly advise you to use the degree day
graphs in conjunction with crop monitoring using sticky traps and plant sampling. Crop
monitoring provides valuable information on TPP arrival, population build up and the life
stages present in your crop. See Potato Update 1.
7 CROPS and NCRS events
December has seen good attendance at FAR's two major New Zealand outdoor events for the year:
CROPS 2016 at Chertsey on 7 December, and the NCRS Field Day at FAR's Tamahere site on 15
December.
CROPS attracted over 600 growers and industry representatives to hear a wide range of research
presentations and demonstrations from industry sponsors. NCRS drew in around 130 North Island
growers to hear talks on several aspects of maize research, environmental issues and biosecurity.
These events, like the dozens of smaller ones FAR runs throughout the year, provide an excellent
opportunity for FAR staff and other researchers to discuss research projects and direction with
growers and industry. We encourage you all to attend such events when they are relevant to your
farm business.
CROPS 2016 Photos
Clock wise from top:
Visiting speaker Nicole Anderson from Oregon State University talks to a large crowd about seed
production; FAR's Jo Drummond outlines issues around profitability in peas; A well-earned dinner at
the end of the day; FAR's Allister Holmes discusses yield mapping in potato crops.
NCRS 2016
L: FAR's Mike Parker and Sam McDougall discuss strategies for establishing cover crops in
maize; R: Michael Wilson, AgResearch, with trials indicating the impact of slugs and slug
management on maize establishment.
8 Events
Save the date - Thursday 26 January - South Otago/Southland Field Day
Contact us
Rob Craigie 021 575 303 [email protected]
Richard Chynoweth 021 860 246 [email protected]
Jen Linton 027 468 0021 [email protected]
Nick Poole 021 544 411 [email protected]
__________________________________________________________________________________
NOTE: This publication is copyright to the Foundation for Arable Research (“FAR”) and may not be reproduced or copied in any form whatsoever without FAR’s written permission. This publication is intended to provide accurate and adequate information relating to the subject matters contained in it and is based on information current at the time of publication. Information contained in this publication is general in nature and not intended as a substitute for specific professional advice on any matter and should not be relied upon for that purpose.
No endorsement of named products is intended nor is any criticism of other alternative, but unnamed products. It has been prepared and made available to all persons and entities strictly on the basis that FAR, its researchers and authors are fully excluded from any liability for damages arising out of any reliance in part or in full upon any of the information for any purpose.
All previous Crop Actions and other publications can be viewed on the FAR website: www.far.org.nz/index.php/intellicrop. Please contact the FAR Office if you would like to unsubscribe from
Crop Action, or change your email address.