edition 1990 second revised edition 1991 third revised edition 1992 fourth revised edition 1993...
TRANSCRIPT
AND CHILD DEVEtOF>MENT
STATISTICS ONCHILDREN
IN INDIAPOCKET BOOK
1997
nipKD
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ail ̂ro cj 3 o *.;
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OFPUBLIC COOPERATION AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT
First edition 1990Second Revised edition 1991Third Revised edition 1992Fourth Revised edition 1993Fifth Revised edition 1994Sixth Revised edition 1995Seventh Revised edition 1996Eighth Revised edition 1997
Ali rights reserved. Any part of this book may bs reproduced in any form with due acknowledgement to thepublisher.
Published by National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development, 5, Siri Institutional Area,Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110 016, Printed by Supervisor (Reprography) at Reprography Unit.
FOREWORD
NIPCCD has been publishing a pocket book on Statistics on Children in India, since1990 by collecting data from different sources, compiling them and making it available atone place for use of policy makers, planners, researchers, academicians andadministrators. In this continuing process, the information contained in the pocket bookfrom 1996 has now been updated and several new tables have been included in the presentedition of the pocket book for 1997.
2. A sound data base is an critical input for any meaningful planning for development.Our commitment for all round development of children is manifested in the National Planof Action which was formulated in 1992. The availability of data is not only necessary forquantifying targets for achievements of goals but also for critically assessing the progressand to evaluate achievements. It is necessary to update data on a regular basis tounderstand the impact of measures taken for growth and development of specific groupsand areas, to enable policy formulators and implementors of programmes to take correctivemeasures. In order to ensure that planning for the welfare and development of children isbased on the status of children as it exists on the ground, statistics of children are collected
from different sources like the Registrar General of India, National Sample Survey of India,international organisations like UNICEF, WHO, UNDP, 1LO and various Ministries/Departments of the Government of India.
3. This edition has a separate chapter highlighting some of the major achievementsin fifty years of Independence in the areas of demography, education, nutrition and childlabour etc. Every effort has been made to obtain the latest information available fromvarious sources and tabulate them.
4. 1 hope that this document will meet the needs of the planners, researchers andadministrators and they find it useful in designing their tasks. We would welcome anysuggestion for further improvement in this compilation.
5. I wish to place on record my appreciation of the efforts put in by the faculty ofNIPCCD in bringing out this edition.
(ASHA DAS)Secretary
Department of Women and Child Developmentand
Vice Chairperson, NIPCCD
PROJECT TEAM
Project Coordinator
K. K. SinghJoint Director (ME)
Project Incharge
M. S. YadavAssit. Director
Members
Chandra MohanSr. Statistical Assistant
Avatar SinghStatistical Assistant
Prema PandeyResearch Investigator
Computer Assistance
Ravi Patwardhan
Baiwan Singh
Divya LahadSupervisor Reprography
Data Entry
Production
Kamia Devi
A. Johnson
Jyoti SethiProof Reader
CONTENTS
1. Population Statistics
Table 1.1 Trend in census population in India 1901-91Table 1.2 Growth rate of population for males and females of India
during 1951-61 to 1981-91Table 1.3 Population, density, sex ratio and growth rate by residence in
States/Union Territories 1991Table 1.4 Child population by age and sex in India/States 1991Table 1.5 Projected child population by age group in India from 1996-2016Table 1.6 Projected child population (0-14 yrs) by sex in India and
major states 1981-2016Table 1.7 Percentage of child population by age group
* in India 1911-1991Table 1.8 Ten districts with the lowest child sex ratio 1991Table 1.9 Percent distribution of population by broad age groups,
sex and residence, India, 1994Table 1.10 Percentage of population in the age groups 0-14 years
by sex and residence in India and major states, 1994Table 1.11 Percentage of currently married women by age group in India
and states, 1992-93
Page
4
6
71317
18
2021
22
23
24
Table 1.12 Median age at first marriage among women age 20-49 yrs bycurrent age, residence and level of education in India, 1992-93
Table 1.13 Percentage of women married by specific exact ages andcurrent age, India 1992-93
Table 1.14 Percentage of ever married women age 13-19 who aremothers or pregnant with their first child and percentage of evermarried women and all women age 13-19 who have begunchild bearing, by state, India, 1992-93
Table 1.15 Singulate mean age at marriage by sex and residence,India 1981 & 1992-93
Table 1.16 Selected indicators as per projection (standing committee),India 1990-2005Glossary
2. Vital Statistics
Page
26
27
28
31
3436
Table 2.1 Estimated birth and death rates in India, 1981-96 39Table 2.2 Mortality indicators in India, 1983-1993 40Table 2.3 Neo-natal, Post-neo-natal, infant, child and under five
mortality by background characteristics for the 10 year periodpreceding the survey, India 1992-93 41
Table 2.4 Neo-natal, Post-neo-natal, infant, child and under-five mortalityby state for the 5 year period, preceding the survey, India 1992-93 43
PageTable 2.5 Estimated infant mortality rates by residence in India and
major states, 1996 46Table 2.6 Estimated infant mortality rates by sex and residence in India
and major states, 19S4 48Table 2.7 Infant mortality rates by sex and residence (1990) 51Table 2.8 Infant mortality rate, 1981 & 1991 and maternal mortality
ratio for India and its major states during 1986-90 53Table 2.9 Delivery death rate by residence (1990) 55Table 2.10 Maternal mortality rates in India and major states (1992-93) 56Table 2.11 Age specific death rates upto the age of 14 years and for
all ages by residence and sex in India, 1981-1994 57Table 2.12 Age specific death rates by age group and sex in India
and major states,1994 60Table 2.13 Age specific fertility rates by residence in India, 1994 61Table 2.14 Age specific fertility rates (ASFRs), India and major states 1994 62Table 2.15 Age specific marital fertility rate, India and major states, 1994 63Table 2.16 Total marital fertility rates by residence, India and
major states, 1994 64Table 2.17 Expectation of life at birth by sex from 1951-61 to 2011-2016 65Table 2.18 Statement indicating no. of deaths occurred in ICDS project
areas during 1.4.97 to 30.9.97 central sector projects 66Table 2.19 Infant mortality rates in India 1951 to 1995 68
Glossary 69
Page3. Health and Family Welfare
Table 3.1 Goals for health and family welfare programmes of"Health for All" by 2000 ÁD 73
Table 3.2 Percentage distribution of deaths among specific causes"causes peculiar to infancy" All India 1991-1995 75
Table 3.3 Percentage distribution of deaths due to few selected diseasesby age group and sex, India 1994 76
Table 3.4 Number of persons per lakh household population sufferingfrom tuberculosis, leprosy and malaria by state, India, 1992-93 77
Table 3.5 Reported incidence of vaccine preventable diseasesIndia 1985-1995 79
Table 3.6 Yearwise vaccination performance for years 1975-96 80Table 3.7 Reported coverage level under immunization of women and
children in different states, India 1995-96 85Table 3.8 Percentage of chNdren (0-1 year) immunized, 1991 87Table 3.9 Coverage of children (0-3 years) under immunization, 1991 88Table 3.10 Percentage of children (12-23 months) vaccinated at any time
before the interview by state, India, 1992-93 90Table 3.11 Children (0-3 years) availing referral services, 1991 92Table 3.12 Children (3-6 years) availing referral services, 1991 94Table 3.13 Health check-up of women and children, 1991 95Table 3.14 Percentage of live births during the four years preceding the survey
by various maternal care indicators and state, India, 1992-93 96
PageTable 3.15 Medical attention received during pregnancy, 1991 98Table 3.16 Medical attention received by women at the time of delivery
and during post-natal period, 1991 99Table 3.17 Distribution of deaths under child births and pregnancy
(maternal deaths) by specific causes, 1991-1995 101Table 3.18 Coverage of children (0-3 years) under prophylaxis
programmes, 1991 102Table 3.19 Coverage of children (3-6 years) under prophylaxis
programmes, 1991 104Table 3.20 Targets and achievements under the programme prophylaxis
against blindness due to vitamin A deficiency in states,India 1993-94 106
Table 3.21 Targets and achievements under the programme prophylaxisagainst nutritional anaemia, 1993-94 109
Table 3.22 Percentage of mothers with births during the four yearspreceding the survey who know about and have ever usedORS packets, according to state, India, 1992-93 111
Table 3.23 Planwise number of hospitals, dispensaries, primary healthcentres, sub-centres and beds in India 113
Table 3.24 Number of primary health centres, community health centres,sub centres, functioning as on 1.4.93 114
Table 3.25 Number of dispensaries and beds according to residenceas on 1.1.1993 116
PageTable 3.26 Number of hospitals and beds according to residence
as on 1.1.93 118Table 3.27 Number of doctors in Government agencies and average
population served in different States/Union Territories 1991 120Table 328 Health man power employed in rural areas, 1994 122Table 3.29 Number of couples effectively protected and birth averted
in fndia, 1970-71 to 1994-95 126Table 3.30 Family planning acceptors by methods, India, 1971-95
(in thousands) 127Table 3.31 Percentage of ever married and currently married women who
have ever used any contraceptive method, by specific methodand age, Delhi, 1992-93 129
Table 3.32 State-wise tubectomy and vasectomy to total sterilizations,1993-94 and 1994-95 131
Table 3.33 Pattern of investment on health, family welfare, water supplyand sanitation(plan outlays) in different plan period inpublic sector-centre/states and Union Territories. 133Abbreviations 136
4, Nutrition
Table 4.1 Outlays on centrai sector nutrition programme in the eighth plan 139Table 4.2 Average food intakes (g/day) of individuals by age group,
sex physiological status & activity, 1993-94 141
TableTable
TableTable
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
4.34.4
4.54.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
PageAverage nutrient intake of children by age group, 1993-94 142Percentage of severe and moderate forms of malnutrition,1993-94 143Additional allowances during pregnancy and lactation 144Initiation of breastfeeding and practice of squeezing first milk indifferent states, India, 1992-93 145Percent distribution of living children by breastfeeding status,according to child's age in months, India, 1992-93 148Introduction of food supplementation by age of child and typeof food, India, 1992-93 . 151Median duration and frequency of breastfeeding by states,India, 1992-93 154Nutritional status of children (0-3 yrs) in ICDS andNon-ICDS areas, 1990 156Nutritional status of children (3-6 yrs) in ICDS andnon-ICDS areas, 1990 157Among children under four years of age, the percentage classifiedas under-nourished according to three anthropométrie indices ofnutritional status, by demographic characteristics, India, 1992-93 158Among children under four years of age, the percentageclassified as undernourished according to three anthropométrieindices of nutritional status by state, India 1992-93 161
Table 4.14 Distribution {%) of preschool children by SD classificationcriterion: height for age 1993-94
Table 4.15 Distribution (%) of pre-school children by SD classificationcriterion: weight for age, 1993-94
Table 4.16 Distribution (%) of pre-school children by SD classificationcriterion: weight for height
Table 4.17 Per cent prevalence of nutritional deficiency signs - children,1993-94
Table 4.18 Percent prevalence of nutritional deficiency signs - adolescents,1993-94Glossary and Abbreviations
5. Education and Literacy
Table 5.1 Literacy rates in India, 1951-1991Table 5.2 Distribution of literates and Illiterates among population aged
7 year and above by sex and area, 1981-1991Table 5.3 Percentage of literates of estimated population aged 7 years
and above in States/Union Territories 1981 & 1991Table 5.4 Growth of recognised educational institutions 1950-51 to 1995-96Table 5.5 Distribution of teachers by type of school, 1950-51 to 1996-97Table 5.6 Progress of enrolment at primary and middle level by sex in India,
1950-51 to 1996-97
163
164
165
166
167169
173
174
175177178
179
PageTable 5.7 Enrolment ratio at primary and middle level by sex in
States/Union Territories, 1995-96 181Table 5.8 Number of institutions and enrolment in pre-primary/pre-basic
stage in States/Union Territories, 1995-96 (As on 30 Sept. 1996) 183Table 5.9 Elementary education : projected enrolment for eighth plari
(1992-97) 185Table 5.10 Eighth Plan (1992-97) targets-additional enrolment elementary
and adult education 186Table 5.11 Drop-out rates at primary and middle stage by sex in
States/Union Territories, 1995-96 189Table 5.12 Status reports of the ICDS as on 30th June, 1996
(service-education) State Sector Projects 191Table 5.13 Status reports of the ICDS as on 30th Sept. 1997
(service-education) Central Sector Projects 192Table 5.14 Budget Expenditure (Revenue Account) on education 1995-96 196Table 5.15 Relationship between budgetted expenditure on education
and net domestic products of States/Union Territories 199
6. Child Development and Welfare Services
Child Development Services
Table 6.1 Statewise number of ICDS projects sanctioned uptill 31.3.96 203Table 6.2 Number of beneficiaries for supplementary nutrition in ICDS
during 1995 and 1996 205
PageTable 6.3 Statewise allocation of wheat-based supplementary nutrition
programme for pre-school children and nursing/expectantmothers during 1996-97 206
Table 6.4 Implementation of nutrition feeding programme in Balwadis bydifferent organisation in India, 1989-90 to 1996-97 208
Table 6.5 Implementation of programme of creches for children of workingand ailing mothers by Central Social Welfare Board inStates/Union Territories 1995-96 211
Child Welfare Services
Table 6.6 Implementation of welfare extension projects by the CentralSocial Welfare Board in India during the year 1995-96 213
Table 6.7 Statement showing statewise sanctions/releases made under theAnnual Grants-in-Aid programme during the year 1995-96 214
Table 6.8 Number of juvenile homes/observation homes/special homes/after care institutions 1996-97 216
Table 6.9 Number of Borstal schools, their capacity and daily averagepopulation during the year 1994-95 218
Table 6.10 Number of inmates admitted in and discharged from Borstalschools during the year 1994-95 219
Table 6.11 Juveniles apprehended in India by age groups and sexduring 1995 220
PageTable 6.12 Juveniles apprehended under different SLL crimes by age group
and sex in States/Union Territories in 1995 224Table 6.13 Juveniles apprehended by sex for committing crime under IPC
and special local laws during 1994 227Table 6.14 Juveniles apprehended under different SLL crimes during 1995
in States/Union Territories 229Table 6.15 Classification of juveniles arrested (Under IPC and SLL) by
education and socio-economic background during 1995 inStates/Union Territories 233
Table 6.16 Statewise disposal of juveniles arrested (under IPC andSLL crimes) and sent to courts during 1995 237
Table 6.17 Incidence of crimes committed against children in India, 1995 239Table 6.18 Victims of child rape (1991-95) 241Table 6.19 Statewise incidence(l) and percentage contribution to all India (P)
of crimes committed against children during 1995 242Table 6.20 Statewise number of children given into foreign and Indian
adoption under the guardians and wards act 1990,1994,1995 and 1996 246
Table 6.21 Number of awards given to children by sex for outstanding deedsof bravery and gallantry under the scheme of national awards byICCW 1957 to 1997 247
xvii
PageWelfare of the Handicapped
Table 6.22 Estimated number of disabled persons per lakh population byage, residence, sex and type of disability in India, 1981 249
Table 6.23 Incidence rates of different physical disabilities by age, sex andresidence in India, 1981 251
Table 6.24 Number of persons per lakh household population suffering fromblindness, physical impairment of the limbs according to age,sex and residence in India, 1992-93 252Glossary & Abbreviations 253
7. Child Labour
Table 7.1 Statewise distribution of working children according to 1971,1981 and 1991 census 257
Table 7.2 Working children by type of worker residence in India, 1991 259Table 7.3 Workforce participation rate by gender and residence and
sex ratio of workers, India, 1971-1991 260Table 7.4 Percentage distribution of working children by sex,
residence and educational level in India, 1991 261Table 7.5 Working children by employment status, sex, residence and
industry in India, 1993-1994 262Table 7.6 Estimates of child labour in India, 1961-2000 264
xviii
PageTable 7.7 Estimated number of child labour in India, 1951 -1991 266Table 7.8 Trends in index of child labour in India : major sectors,
1971-1991 and projections to 2001 (Index Base :1961 =100) 268Table 7.9 Number of child labour by industrial category and sex in India,
1961-2001 270Table 7.10 Percentage of child labour by sex in States and India,
1961-1991 272Table 7.11 Unemployment rates as per various rounds of NSSO
by age (percent) 274Table 7.12 Percentage of female workers to total female population under
broad industrial categories : 1901 to 1991 census 276Glossary 277
8. Socio-Economic Indicators
Table 8.1 National income and per capita income in India, 1950-1951 to1995-1996 281
Table 8.2 Percentage of population below the poverty line-India 1973-74 to1993-94 283
Table 8.3 Number and percentage of population below poverty line by States,1987-88 and 1993-94 284
Table 8.4 Housing stock and indicators of housing conditions in India,1971,1981 and 1991 286
xix
PageTable 8.5 Housing amenities in India, 1973-74 and 1988-89 287Table 8.6 Radio and television service in India, 1961-1995 289Table 8.7 Post offices and telephones in India, 1950-51 to 1994-95 292Table 8.8 Films and cinemas in India, 1951-1996 293Table 8.9 Per capita annual consumption of electricity and petroleum
products, 1950-51 to 1994-95 295
9. Fifty Years of Independence
Basic indicators of human development 299Growth of population and changes in population characteristics 301Sex ratio of Indian population 302Features of population of India - 1991 303Infant mortality rates by rural and urban areas in India 307Age specific mortality rates -India (combined) 308Age specific mortality rates - India (Urban) 310Age specific mortality rates - India (Rural) 312Percentage of literates by age and sex in India 314Gross enrolment as percentage to the total populationby age and sex in India 315Percentage of female students to total number of students atdifferent level of education 318Pupil - teacher ratio in schools 321
TableTableTableTableTableTableTableTableTableTable
Table
Table
9.19.29.39.49.59.69.79.89.99.10
9.11
9.12
XX
PageTable 9.13 Number of girls per 100 boys enrolled in schools and colleges 323Table 9.14 Enrolment of boys by stages of education 325Table 9.15 Enrolment of girls by stages of education 326Table 9.16 Enrolment in different stages of education as percent of
population in the appropriate age groups 327Table 9.17 /Child population, education and estimates of child labour in
urban India, 1951-1991 329Table 9.18 Employment in organised sector by public and private sectors 332Table 9.19 Households and housing stock 333Table 9.20 Occupied housing units by number of rooms per housing
units and average number of persons per room withrural-urban break-up 334
xxl
List of Figures
PageFig. 1 Population of india, 1901-2001 3Fig. 2 Child Population in India, 1971-2001 16Fig. 3 Infant Mortality Rates by Selected Demographic Characteristics 50Fig. 4 Infant Mortality rates 1996 Interstate Differentials 52Fig. 5 Percentage of Children Aged 12-23 months who have
received all vaccinations 89Fig. 6 Distribution of Children by Breastfeeding (BF) Status
according to age 147Fig. 7 Undernutrition among children under four years of age 160Fig. 8 Statewise percentage share of crimes against children in 1995 240Fig. 9 Infant Mortality Rates 306Fig. 10 Percentage of female students to total number of students
at different levels of education 317Fig. 11 Pupil -Teacher Ratio in Schools 320
xxii
1. Population Statistics
Fig. 1 : Population of India 1901 - 2001(in Millions)
1200Population for Year 2001 is projected
1000 -
800 -
600 -
400 -
200 i=
1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001
Source: 1, INDIA, Off ice of the Registrar General, Report of theExpert Committee on Population Projections, 198S 2. Census of India-1991
Table 1.1 Trend in census population in India 1901-91
Census Year Total Population(in lakhs)
Persons
Decennial Geometric Sex-ratio Density Percentagechange growth (females of of Urban
Males Females (percent) rate per 1000 Population Populationmales) per sq. to total
km Population
1
1901
1911
1921
1931
1941
1951
1961
1971
1981 @@
1 9 9 1 "
2
2,384.0*
2,520.0
2,513.2
2,789.8*
3,186.6*
3,610.9
4,392.3
5,481.6
6,851.8
8,366.0
3
1,207.9®
1,283.8
1,285.5
1,429.3
1,636.8
1,855.3
2,262.9
2,840.5
3,544.0
4,337.9
4
1,173.6
1,237.1
1,227.7
1,357.9
1,546.9
1,755.6
2,129.4
2,641.1
3,307.8
4,028.1
5
—
5.75
(-)0.31
11.00
14.22
13.31
21.51
24.80
25.00
22.10
6
—
+0.56
-0.03
+1.06
+1.34
+1.26
+1.98
*2.24
+2.28
7
972$
964
955
950
945
946
941
930
933
929
8
77
82
81
90
103
117
142
177"
216+
264
9
10.84
10.29
11.18
11.99
13.86
17.29
17.97
19.91
23.31
25.74
NOTE: * The distribution of population by sex of Pondicherry for 1901 (246,354), 1931 (258,628) and1941 (285,011) is not available. The figures of these years are, therefore, exclusive of thesepopulation so for as distribution by sex in concerned.
"""**' Excludes Jammu & Kashmir * "
@ Sex wise distribution of Chandannagar (26,831 ) of West Bengal and Gond a (18,310) of UttarPradesh is not available.
@@ Includes projected population of Assam where the 1981 census could not be conducted owingto disturbed conditions prevailing in the State then.
+ The density has been worked out on comparable data$ Excludes Pondicherry.
SOURCE : Office of the Registrar General of India.
Table 1.2 Growth rate of population for males and females ofIndia during 1951-61 to 1981-91
Census Year
1
Males
2
Growth rate
Females
3
1951-1961 21.97 21.29
1961-1971 25.52 24.03
1971-1981 24.77 25.25
1981-1991 22.40 21.77
MOTE : While calculating growth rate during 1971-81 projected population of Assam was included in 1981figures of India where census could not be held owing to disturbed conditions prevailing there atthe time of 1981 census
— The population of Jammu & Kashmir for 1951 has been taken to be the arithmetic mean of1941 and 1961 population. The population of state for 1941 and earlier censuses have beenadjusted with reference to the present censused areas of the state which excludes territoriescurrently under the illegal occupation of Pakistan and China
SOURCE : Office of the Registrar General of India.
Table 1.3 Population, density, sex ratio and growth rate by residence inStates/Union Territories 1991
S.No.
1
1.
2,
3.
India/StateUnion Territory
2
India *
STATES
AndhraPradesh
ArunachalPradesh
Assam
Residence
3
Total
Plural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Person
4
836,606
621,268
215,338
66,355
48,542
17,813
858
753
105
22,295
19,824
2,471
Population (in'000)
Male
5
433,792
320,063
113,729
33,638
24,536
9,102
461
401
60
11,580
10,236
1,344
Female
6
402,814
301,205
101,609
32,717
24,006
8,711
397
352
45
10,715
9,588
1,127
Density ofPopulationper sq.km.
7
264
242
10
284
Sex ratio(femalesper 1000
males)
8
929
941
893
973
978
957
861
878
750
925937
838
Percentagegrowth rate
of population1981-91
9
22.10
18.27
34.82
23.91
18.22
42.65
35.86
27.41
156.10
23.58
11.06
20.71
Contd.
Table 1.3 (Contd.)
4,
5.
Bihar
Goa
Gujarat
Haryana
HimachalPradesh
Kamataka
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
86,339 45,147 41,192
74,970 38,989 35,981
11,369 6,158 5,211
1,169
689
480
41,174
27,010
14,164
16,318
12,273
4,045
5,111
4,666
445
44,807
30,956
13,851
594
346
248
21,271
13,850
7,421
8,706
6,540
2,166
2,561
2,318
243
22,847
15,670
7,177
575
343
232
19,903
13,160
6,743
7,612
5,733
1,879
2,550
2,348
*202
21,960
15,286
6,674
497
316
210
369
92
234
912
923
846
969
991
935
936
950
909
874
877
867
996
1013
831
960
975
930
23.49
22.51
30.39
15.96
20.30
15,01
33.60
26.28
21.57
43.03
19.39
17.98
36.50
20.69
17.23
29.09
10.
11.
12.
13.
15.
Kerala Total
Rural
Urban
Macthya Total
Pradesh Rural
Urban
Maharashtra Total
Rural
Urban
Manipur
14. Meghalaya
M izo ram
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
29,03321,356
7,677
66,136
50,788
15,348
78,748
48,252
30,496
1,827
1,321
506
1,761
1,432
329
686
369
317
14,23010,455
3,775
34,232
26,124
8,108
40,686
24,427
16,259
932
675
257
905
732
173
357
193
164
14,803
10,901
.3,902
31,904
24,664
7,240
38,062
23,825
14,237
895
646
249
856
700
156
329
176
153
747
149
256
82
78
33
1040
1043
1034
932
944
893
936
975
876
961
957
969
947
956
902
924
912
933
13.98
3.25
60.91
26.75
2,2.11
44.97
25.36
18.29
36.66
28.58
26.41
34.57
31.90
30.90
35.95
38.98
<-)0.81
159.84
Contd.
9
Table 1.3 (Contd.)
16. Nagaland
17.
18.
20.
Orissa
Punjab
19. Rajasthan
Sikktm
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
1,215
1,005
210
31,512
27,280
4,232
20,191
14,190
6,001
43,881
33,841
10,040
406
369
37
643
526
117
15,980
13,712
2,268
10,695
7,487
3,208
22,936
17,599
5,337
216
195
21
572
479
93
15,532
13,568
1,964
9,496
6,703
2,793
20,945
16,242
4,703
190
174
16
73
202
401
128
57
890
911
795
972
989
866
888
895
871
913
923
881
880
892
762
56.86
53.43
75.00
19.50
17.29
36.03
20.26
16.88
29.11
29.07
25.10
39.23
27.57
39.24
{-127.45
10
21.
22ri
23.
24.
25.
Tamil
Nadu
Tripura
Uttar
Pradesh
West
Bengal
Delhi
UNION TERRITORIES
1. Andaman &
Nicobar
Islands
Total
Rural
Urban
T o t a l •'•
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
55,638
36,611
19,027
2,745
2,326
419
139,031
111,378
27,653
67,983
49,361
18,622
9,370
9438,427
279204
75
28,218
18,466
9,752
. 1,411
1,197
214
73,898
59,044
14,854
35,462
25,428
10,034
5,121
5184,603
153111
42
27,420
16,145
9,275
1,334
1,129
205
65,133
52,334
12,799
32,521
23,933
8,588
4,249
4253,824
12693
33
428
262
471
766
6319
34
972983951
946943
958
882866862
917941
856
830820831
820838
786
14.94
12.80
19.28
33.69
27.24
86.22
2516.00
22.44
38.97
24.55
22.99
28.90
50.64
10S.63
46.10*
47.29
46.76
50.00
Contd.
11
Table 1.3 (Contd.)
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Chandigarh
Dadra &
Nagar
Have! i
Daman &
Diu
Laksha-
dweep
Pondicherry
Total
Rural
Urban
Tota!
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Tota!
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
641
66
575
138
127
11
101
54
47
52
23
29
807
290
517
358
41
317
71
65
6
51
28
23
27
12
15
408
147
261
283
25
258
67
62
5
50
26
24
25
11
14
399
143
256
5620
282
906
1615
1605
793
610
814
953
954
833
972
929
1043
944
917
933
982
973
981
41.86
127.59
35.93
33.63
30.93
57.14
28.43
28.40
4.54
61.11
30.60
0.35
63.61
Excludes Jamrnu & Kashmir where the 1991 census has not been heldSOURCE : Census of India, 1991
12
Table 1.4 Child population by age and sex in India/States 1991Population in '000
S.No. States/India Age group Male Female Persons
1 2
2.
3.
A.
5.
India
Andhra Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Gujarat
0-45-9
10-14
0-4
5-9
10-14
0-4
5-9
10-14
0-4
5-9
10-14
0-4
5-9
10-14
55,26757,97152,487
3,7584,5494,023
1,6231,6511,410
6,2786,7755,797
2,5082,6452,537
53,02954,07646,749
3,6904,4023,752
1,5831,5971,336
6,1746,1804,774
2,379"2,4462,271
106,296112,04799,236
7,4485,9517,776
3,2063,2472,746
12,45212,95510,571
4,8875,0914,809
Contd.
13
Tabla 1.4 (Contd.)
7.
9.
10.
Haryana
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
0-45-8
10-14
0-4
'5-910-14
0-4
5-9 .
10-14
0-4
5-9
10-14
0-4
5-9
10-14
1,2351,192
1.0W
2,686
2,855
2,733
1,410
1,453
1f537
4,739
4,661
4,079
5,016
4,946
4,039
1,0181,038
#22
2,592
2,B02
2,605
1,349
1,398
1,517
4,806
4,404
3,584
4,790
4,736
4,191
2,3212,231
2,021
5,277
5,657
5,336
2,759
2,891
3,053
9,345
9,064
7,663
9,806
8,683
8,820
14
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Onssa
Punjab
Rajasthan
Tamil Nadu
Uttar Pradesh
WwtBangal
0-45-9
10-14
<M
5-9
10-14
0-45-916-14
0-4
5-9
10-14
0-4
5-9
10-14
0-4
S-9
10-14
1.9632.096
1.827
1,331
1.240
1.232
3,300
33672,*31
2JS6
3,045
3,057
10.105
10,637
9,322
4JO7
4,603
4,154
1,9172,025
1,792
1,1»
1,100
1,078
3,084
3,028
2.534
2,641
2,918
2,944
9,603
9,472
7,669
4,133
4,410
3,961
3.881
4,122
3,618
2,560
2,34a
2412
6,394
8,394
5,465
5.M75,964
6,002
19,708
20,110
16,891
8,361
9,013
6,014
SOURCE : Ccnfu* of India, 1661, Rsgtetw Qwunl «I ln«a, N*w D«1W.
16
Fig. 2: Child Population in India1971-2001
PopuMien (Si mi**»)
350 - f
1971 1981 1986 1991
• (0-4) B(5-9) E3(10-14) ES(0-14)
1996 2001
16
Table 1.S Projected child population by ags group in India from 1996-2016
(Population in'OOO)
SI.No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Year
1996
2001
2006
2011
2016
0-4
1.19,546
1,06.494
1,13,534
1,19,530
1,22,837
Child population in
5-9
1,23,686
1,16,145
1,05,744
1,10,968
1,17,099
the age group (yrs)
10-14
1,09,545
1,22.908
1.15.4M
1,05,206
1,10,461
0-14
3,52,777
3,47,544
3,34,766
3,35,704
3,50,397
SOURCES: Census of India 1991, population projections tor India and States, 1996-2016
17
Table 1.6 Projected child population (0-14 yrs.) by sex in Indiaand major States, 1961-2016
(Figure in '000)
SI.No
I
Irtdu/State
2
M
3
1961
F
4
M
S
1966
F
6
M
7
1901
F8
M
9
1996
F
10
M
(1
2001
F
12
2016
M
13
F
14
India
1. AndhraPradesh
2. Assara
3. Khar
4. Gujarat
5. Haryana
6. Karnataka
7. Kerala
6. MadhyaPradesh
140,321 131,879 148,151 140,415 152,784 144,965 157,996 149,670 157,806 149,556
10.370 10,136 10,787 10,617 10,792 10,528 11,240 10.882 10,911 10,553 10.296 9,740
4,475 4,215 4,850 4,547 5,060 4,794
14,941 14,209 15,912 15,370 16,497 16,059
6,876 6,475 7,067 6,734 7,050 6,789
2,830 2,531 3,089 2,815 3,195 2,932
7,412 7,285 7.B78 7,675 B.081 7,758
4,505 4,4S4 4,632 4,498 4,686 4.52B
10,869 10,418 11,655 11,140 12,139 1 1 3 1
5,286 5,035 5,459 5,166 4,370 4,152
18,157 17,529 19,100 18.612 21,590 20,052
6,889 6,612 6,554 6,297 8,045 7,560
3,179 2,907 2.B28 2,588 3,493 3,346
B.127 7,723 7,710 7,366 7,840 7,534
4,707 4,500 4,613 4,474 3,746 3,544
12,889 11,864 12,263 11,501 17,423 16,083
18
9. Maharashtra 12,179 11,4» 1Î.6» 11,970 18,135
10. OriKa 5,246 5.243 S.456 5,344
11. Punjab 3¿77 !,M7 3,378 3.066
12. Ftyasthan 7,572 7,074 8,41 B 7,930 9,239
13. Tamil Natki S.537 8,2» B.6O4 8,480 8.88Í
14. Ultar 24,907 21,929 !6,7B4 24,061 28,150
15. West 10,704 10,433 11,111 10,840 11,362
11,474
5,2»
i.m
8,746
8,486
Ï5.605
11,830
'Ivm
10,231
8,886
30,418
11,714
11,078
5,389
2,825
9,724
B.48S
27,974
11,176
11,474
S.Í61
tan10,806
8,602
32,244
11,352
10,731
5.31Î
Î.6S8
10,293
8,196
29,944
10,801
13,155
S.03S
î,»1
11,343
7,137
45,588
11,684
1Ü,3SÍ
4,736
3^88
10,683
6,730
42,225
11,119
SOURCE: Csnsut of ln«a 1 W 1 . P o p u M o n P i ^ M l i o m f e r M t e M r i S M M , 1998-2016. RegistrarGeiwai, M i a
19
Table 1.7 Percentage of child population by age groups in India 1911-1991
Year
1911*
1921*
1931*
1941*
1951
1961
1971
1981
1991
0-4
13.3
16.5
14.5
12.6
13.1
5-9
12.3
14.7
15.0
13.7
12.3
Age Group
10-14
11.7
11.2
12.5
12.5
11.8
5-14
24.1
24.5
27.5
27.0
23.4
0-14
36.8*
39.2*
38.3*
37.4
41.0
42.0
39.6
36.5
Total
Population Ç0O0)
252093
251321
272977
318661
361086
439235
548160
685185
843930
NOTES : * Break-up between the ages 0-4 and 5-14 is not available.
SOURCES : 1 . The figures of 1911 to 1961 are reported in "The Gazetter of India, Vol. 111 Economic structureand Activities, Ministry of Education and Social Welfare, 1975.
2. Selected Socio-Economic Statistics for India, CSO, Department of Statistics, Ministry ofPlanning & Programme Implementation, 1995.
3. TotalPopuiationfiguresasreportedrnCMIE's.BasicStatJsticsRelatingtoirielnclianEconomy,Vol. Ill, 1988 & Census of India 1991. Chaudhri, DP . (1996), Dynamic Profile of Child LabourInlnd¡a1951-91,p.8
20
SI. No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
imomi.m i m ensineiDistrict
Satom
Bhfrd
Jaisalmer
Kaithai
Jnd
Amftear
Faridkot
BaMnda
KunJtshetra
Hissar
• wan me rewnm erma wmState
Tan«Nadu
Madhya Pradesh
Rajasthan
Hafyw»
Hnyana
Punjab
Punjab
Punjab
Haryana
Haryana
t rano, iswiGSrts Per 1000
Boys 0-6 Age Group
849
850
851
854
858
861
863
865
867
867
SOURCE : The Progress of Indian States 1995, UNICEF, India Country Office, Mew Delhi, p. 58
21
Table 1.9 Percent distribution of population by broad age groups sex andresidence, India 1994
Residence
Total
Rural
Urban
Excludes JammuSOURCE : San»
Sex
Person
Male
Female
Person
Male
Female
Person
Male
Female
& Kashmir andle Reofstratron !
0-4
12.0
12.0
11.9
12.6
12.7
12.5
10.2
10.1
10.2
MizoramSvstem 1994. Office of F
Broad age groups (years)
5-9
12.9
12.9
12.8
13.2
13.3
13.0
11.»
11.9
12.0
teoistnur
10-14
11.6
11.8
11.4
11.8
12.0
11.5
11.2
11.2
11.2
General,
0-14
36.5
36.8
36.1
37.5
37.9
37.0
33.9
33.3
33.4
India.
15-59
56.8
57.7
56.8
55.5
55.3
55.7
60.7
61.1
60.3
60 4above
6.6
6.5
7.0
7.0
6.8
7.2
«.0
5.6
6.4
Table 1.10 Percentage of population in the age group 0-14 year* by eex andresidence, India and major atates,1994
India and
major States
IndiaAndhra PradeshAssamBiharGujaratHaryanaHimachal PradeshKarnatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraOrissaPunjabRajasthanTamil NaduUttar PradeshWest Bengal
Parson
36.533.839.641.233.837.734.634.028.837.934.434.233.639.131.039.635.3
Total
Mai»
36.834.039.041.534.437.936.234.330.338.034.734.534.139.631.539.834.8
Femato
36.133.540.440.B33.237.533.033.727.437.734.134.032.938.530.539.435.7
Person
37.533.640.641.634.138.635.135129.438.435.634.433.339.632.239.9373
Rural
Male
37 J»34.040.142.134.738.737.035.431.038.636.734.833.840.132.740.137.6
Female
37.033.341.141.033.538.533.334.827.93B.134.634.032.739.031.739.738.0
Tim • ' • I I « I
33.334.131.837.933.235.028.831.727.136.033.133.134.337.028.838.028.2
Urban
Moto
33.334.130.036.933.73S.62B.431.928.335.832.632.634.937.629.338.127.4
Fama*
33.434.233.639.132.834.429.231.426.036.2
i 33.633.633.536.228.338.0292
'Excludes Jamrrtu & Kashmir and Mizoram.Source : Sample Registration System, 1994, Office of Registrar General India.
23
Table 1.11 Percentage of currently married women by age groupin India and states, 1992-93
State
India
North
Delhi
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
15-19
38.4
18.6
44.1
19.3
Jammu Region of J&K 18.0
Punjab
Rajasthan
Central
Madhya Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
East
Bihar
Orissa
WestBengaS
14.4
38.3
61.9
39.6
50.3
27.5
40.0
20-¿4
79.4
69.5
88.4
74.9
62.9
66.9
87.5
88.7
sao
88.6
70.9
.77.5
25-29
91.9
92.4
97.0
94.3
91.9
93.3
97.9
94.1
96.8
95.2
90.7
88.6
Current age
30-34
93.2
95.3
97.2
92.6
94.6
96.0
97.2
94.2
96.3
96.1
93.5
88.7
35-39
92.2
94.4
95.3
95.3
94.2
94.9
96.0
95.0
95.3
93.1
89.7
88.9
40-44
88.5
91.8
91.2
89.5
90.7
92.2
93.1
95.0
92.0
90.6
90.9
85.1
45-49
85.3
84.1
88.4
86.7
86.4
87.8
90.4
89.0
88.6
86.0
83.6
83.1
TOtal
77.4
74.3
82.5
73,9
68.7
70.8
81.3
86.9
80.8
82.9
71.8
74.8
24
Northeast
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
Maní pur
Meghataya
Miz oram
Nagaland
Tri pura
West
Goa
Gujarat
Maharashtra
South
Andhra Pradesh
Kamataka
Kerala
Tamil Nadu
SOURCE : Naîic
28.6
31.0
6.0
18.3
9.2
11.3
25.8
3.1
22.0
36.2
52.2
37.0
13.4
24.4
nal FamiK
75.8
60.9
41.0
61.0
40.8
50.6
61.5
28.8
74.5
78.3
85.7
72.8
52.8
71.4
f Health Sur
88.8
80.5
67.4
84.4
70.0
75.1
82.1
68.3
92.3
89.0
92.3
89.7
82.8
88.2
vev 1992-93.1
91.3
87.2
81.7
88.1
80.2
81.3
85.8
86.2
95.2
92.3
91.9
90.0
87.3
88.8
n te mat ion
90.2
86.8
88.5
85.6
92.8
90.5
91.9
90.9
94.4
91.1
89.1
89.6
88.6
89.2
i al Institute fo
87.8
78.3
86.0
83.9
85.6
813.85.5
85.689.1
87.6
84.3
81.9
83.6
87.1
•r Population !
82.7
77.5
86.1
77.0
81.7
88.9
80.3
81.2
86.6
86.2
81.4
79.0
78.4
82.2
Sciences,
72.0
65.5
55.5
64.8
56.6
61.0
67.2
55.7
73.9
75.8
80.1
72.8
64.6
71.5
Bombay, 1995, p.76
25
Table 1.12 Median age at first marriage among women age 20-49 yrs.,by current age, residence and level of education
in India, 1992-93
Currentage
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-49
20-49
25-49
Residence
Rural
16.5
15.9
15.6
15.3
15.0
15.7
15.5
Urban
19.7
18.8
18.3
17.8
17.1
18.4
18.1
literate
15.5
15.3
15.2
14.9
14.7
15.1
15.0
Level of education
Literate,< Middlecomplete
18.0
17.1
16.9
1t7
16.6
17.1
16.8
MWdeSchoolcompleted
19.1
18.7
18.3
18.4
18.1
18.6
18.4
HighSchooland above
NC
21.7
21.4
21.0
20.8
NC
21.3
Note:- NC : Notcalculatedbecaus6lessthan50percentofthewornenhavemarrieclforthef!rsttimebyage20.
SOURCE : National Family Health Survey 1992-93, International Institute for Population Sciences, Bombay,1995.
26
Table 1.13 Percentage of women married by specific exact agesand current age, India, 1992-93
Current
age
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
20-49
25-49
13
6.8
11.8
14.7
17.6
19.9
22.4
26.7
17.2
19.1
Percentage ever married before age :
15
17.0
26.1
31.8
34.2
37.6
40.8
45.1
33.9
36.6
18
NA
54.2
62.6
66.2
70.0
72.4
75.0
64.5
68.0
20
NA
71.4
77.7
80.7
83.1
85.3
87.3
79.2
81.9
22
NA
NA
86.6
89.1
90.8
92.7
94.0
87.1
89.9
25
NA
NA
93.1
94.9
95.7
96.5
97.5
91.6
95.1
Percentnevermarried
60.7
18.5
4.7
1.7
0.9
1.1
o.e6.4
2.2
NA : Not applicable
The current age groups include both never married and ever married women.
SOURCE : National Family Health Survey 1992-93 International Institute tor Population Sciences, Bombay,1995, p. 79
27
Table 1.14 Percentage of ever married women age 13-19 who are mothers orpregnant with their first child and percentage of ever-
married women and all women age 13-19 who havebegun childbearing, by State, India, 1992-93
State
1
India
North
Delhi
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu RegionofJ&K
Punjab
Rajasthan
Central
Madhya Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Ever-married women Percentage who are :
Mothers
2
46.0
45.5
50.1
39.3
37.3
42.4
35.6
41.9
41.4
Pregnant withfirst child
3
11.7
14.3
12.7
15.8
12.8
22.0
9.8
13.0
8.1
Percent whohave begunchildbearing
4
57.7
59.7
62.9
55.2
50.1
64.4
45.4
54.9
49.4
All Women
Percent whohave begunchildbearing
5
17.0
8.0
20.7
7.1
6.5
6.7
13.0
26.5
14.1
26
East
Bihar
Orissa
West Bengal
Northeast
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizo ram
Nagaland
Tripura
West
Goa
Gujarat
Maharashtra
39.1
48.2
47.8
50.6
59.9
*
49.3
(42.5)
(65.9)
54.5
(52.9)
46.9
57.8
9.1
11.6
15.6
18.5
10.7*
22.4
(30.0)
(22.0)
11.9
(14.7)
8.8
10.3
48.2
59.8
63.4
69.1
70.6*
71.6
(72.5)
(87.8)
66.3
(67.6)
55.7
68.1
18.6
13.2
20.4
14.8
17.9
2.9
11.5
5.7
7.3
14.9
1.6
8.9
19.9
Contd.
29
Table 1.14 (Contd.)
1
South
Andhra Pradesh
Kamataka
Kerala
Tamil Nadu
2
47.4
57.8
37.9
47.9
3
12.7
13.9
21.3
17.1
4
60.1
71.7
59.2
65.0
5
25.4
20.3
5.9
12.0
( ) : Based on 25-49 unweighted cases
* : Percent not shown; based on fever than 25 unweighted cases
SOURCE : National Family Health Survey 1992-93International Institute for Population Sciences,Bombay, 1995, p. 120
30
Table 1.15 Singulate mean age at marriage by sex and residence,India 1981 & 1992-93
Stats
1
1981 Census
Male Female
2 3
Male
4
Urban
Female
5
NFHS1992-93
Rural
Male Female
6 7
Ma
8
Total
le Female
9
India
North
Delhi
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu Region
ofJ&K
Punjab
Rajasthan
Central
Madhya Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
23.5
24.3
25.2
24.2
U
25.0
20.6
20.8
21.3
18.4
20.5
17.9
19.1
U
21.1
16.1
16.6
16.7
26.3
24.4
24.4
26.1
27.5
25.5
24.9
24.9
25.2
21.5
21.0
19.9
22.3
23.1
21.7
20.5
19.7
20.9
24.4
24.1
22.6
24.9
26.0
24.6
22.2
21.0
22.4
19.3
19.0
17.9
20.2
20.9
20.9
17.9
16.7
17.9
-25.0
24.3
23.1
25.0
26.3
24.8
22.7
22.0
23.0
20.0
20.9
18.4
20.4
21.2
21.1
18.4
17.4
18.6
Contd.
31
Table 1.15 (Contd.)
1
East
Bihar
Orissa
West Bengal
Northeast
Amnachal Pradesh
Assam
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Nagaland
Tripura
2
21.6
24.3
26.0
U
U
27.3
26.0
U
29.0
26.8
3
16.6
19.1
19.3
U
U
23.4
21.0
U
24.8
20.3
4
25.3
27.2
27.6
25.6
29.2
29.0
27.1
28.5
26.3
28.6
5
20.3
21.8
21.8
19.8
23.0
26.5
23.3
24.0
19.0
22.4
6
22.7
25.3
25.0
24.8
27.7
28.0
24.6
26.9
25.7
27.1
7
17.6
20.4
18.1
20.0
21.4
24.2
20.6
21.4
22.8
20.9
8
23.2
25.6
25.9
24.9
27.9
28.3
25.1
27.8
25.8
27.3
9
18.0
20.7
19.2
20.0
21.6
25.0
21.2
22.9
22.7
21.2
32
West
Goa
Gujarat
Maharashtra
South
Andhra Pradesh
Kamataka
Kerala
Tamil Nadu
28.5
23.3
24.4
23.1
26.0
27.5
26.1
U : Not available
23.0
19.6
18.8
17.3
19.3
22.1
20.3
30.7
24.8
25.8
25.6
26.9
28.7
27.3
25.0
20.6
21.0
20.3
20.8
23.2
21.3
30.5
23.5
24.1
22.8
25.6
27.9
25.9
25.2
20.0
17.9
17.3
19.0
21.7
20.0
30.6
23.9
24.9
23.6
26.1
28.1
26.4
25.1
20.2
19.3
18.1
19.6
22.1
20.5
SOURCE : NationalFamilyHealthSurvey1992-93International Institutefor Population Sciences,Bombay, 1995, p. 78
33
Table 1.16 Selected indicators as per projection (standing committee)India, 1990-2005
{in Thousand)
Age Groups
1
1990
2
1995
3
2000
4
2005
5
Average annualExponential
Growth rate (%)1990-2005
6
6-10
11-13
14-17
0-14
15-59
60+
Total
Females15-44
98,090
54,439
71,779
300,672
473,030
53,422
827,419
104,431
59,754
74,373
214,925
530,117
62,712
907,754
106,455
63,040
80,369
321,518
592,034
73,730
987,282
107,110
63,731
84,257
323,871
656,007
86,427
10,66,405
183,153 205,023 228,210 251,295
0.59
1.05
1.07
0.50
2.18
3.21
1.69
2.11
34
Married •Females
15-44 141,394 15,45,202 170,245 1 &4,953 1.79
Percent of married females to total females in the age group
15-44 77.2 75.7 74.6 73.6 -
SOURCE : Report of ttie Expert Committee on Population Projections.
35
GLOSSARY
1. Geometric Growth Rate r = (t vPt/Po-1) x 100where r is geometric growth rate-Pt is the population in year T-Po is the number of years between base year and year T
2. Ever married Children : Includes currently married and divorced or separated children.
3. Currently married women : A currently married women is one whose marriage, whether for the firstor any other times, subsits at the time of enumeration with the spouse living.
36
2. Vital Statistics
37
Table 2.1 Estimated birth and death rates in India, 1981-96
Year
1
Rural
2
Birth rate
Urban
3
Combined
4
Rural
5
Death rate
Urban
6
Combined
7
19811982198319841985198619871988198919901991199219931994 #1995#1996*
35.635.535.335.334.334.233.732.132.231.530.930.930.430.530.029.3
27.027.628.329.428.127.127.426.325.224.424.323.123.723.122.721.4
33.933.633.733.932.932.632.231.530.629.929.529.228.728.728.327.4
13.713.113.113.813.012.212.012.011.110.410.610.910.610.19.89.7
7.87.47.98.67.87.67.47.77.26.77.17.05.86.76.66.5
12.511.911v912.611.811.110.911.010.39.69.810.19.39.39.08.9
Note : * Provisional# Excludes Jammu & Kashmir and Mtzoram for 1996 excludes Nagatand also.
SOURCE: Sample Registration System 1981-96, Officeof the Registrar General, IndiaSample Registration Bulletin, Vol. 32, No. 1, Jan. 1998, p. 5.
39
Table 2.2 Mortality indicators in India, 1983-1993
Indicators
1
Area
2
1983
3
1985
4
1987
5
1988
6
Year
1989
7
1990
8
1991
9
1992
10
1993
11
1994
12
Infantmortality rate
Neo-natalmortality rate
Post-natalmortality rate
Peri-natalmortality rate
Still Birth rate
RUC
RUC
fiUC
RUC
RU
c
113.865.8
104.9
73.639.367.2
40.226.537.7
57.735.153.6
9.48.49.3
107.059.097.0
66.633.360.1
39.925.637.1
52.430.448.1
10.88.9
10.4
1O4.061.095.0
63.633.357.7
40.527.337.7
54.432.450.1
13.59.8
12.9
102,062.094.0
62.034.655.8
40.127.537.7
53.134.549.6
13.911.713.5
98.058.091.0
62.131.456.4
36.426.334.5
50.931.047.2
13.111.212.7
86.051.080.0
57.430.952.5
28.919.527.2
51.734.048.4
11.911.011.8
87.053.080.0
55.432.251.1
31.320.629.3
49.132.746.0
10.99.6
10.7
85.053.079.0
53.633.050.0
_--
50.334.047.5
12.010.111.6
82.045.074.0
52.328.947.2
_--
47.931.444.3
10.85.3
10.5
ao.o52.074.0
52.032.647.7
_--
43.438.742.5
7.315.28.9
SOURCE: Sample Registration System, 1983-1993, Office of the Registrar General, india
40
Table 2.3 Neo-natal, Post-neo-nataf, infant, child and under-five mortality bybackground characteristics for the 10 year period
preceding the survey, India, 1992-93
BackgroundCharacteristic
1
Sex of ChildMaleFemale
Mother's educationIlliterateLiterate, < Middle completeMiddle school completeHigh school and above
Medical maternity care2
Neo-antenatal or delivery
Neo-natalMortality
(NN)
2
57.048.1
60.638.837.625.3
57.5
Post-neo-natalMortality'
(PNN)
3
31.735.8
40.023.718.511.9
39.3
InfantMortality
4
88.683.9
100.662.556.137.2
96.8
ChildMortality
(4q1)
5
29.442.0
44.322.8
9.26.2
54.3
Under-fiveMortality
<5qO)
6
115.4122.4
140.583.964.843.2
145.8care
Contd.
41
Table 2.3 (Contd.)
1
Either antenatal ordelivery careBoth antenatal anddelivery care
Place of delivery3
Public health facilityPrivate health facilityHomeTotal
41.2
29.8
40.327.546.552.7
22.5
14.5
1B.711.030.933.7
63.7
44.2
59.138.577.586.3
22.9
13.2
19.33.9
39.935.5
85.1
56.8
77.242.3
114.3118.8
Note :
1. Computed as the difference between the infant and neo-natal mortality rate.
2. Rates for the four-year period preceding the survey. Medical care is that given by a doctor, nurse, trainedmidwife, or other health professional in a hospital, clinic, or health centre or care received at home from a healthworker.
3. Rates for the four-year period preceding the survey.
SOURCE : National family health survey 1992-93, International Institute for Population Sciences, Bombay,1995,pp.215&218.
42
Table 2.4 Neo-natal, Post-neo-natal, infant, child and under-ftve mortality bystate for the 5-year period
preceding the survey, India, 1992-93
State Neo-natalMortality
(NN)
Post-neo-natalMortality'
(PNN)
InfantMortality
{1qO>
ChildMortality
(4q1)
Under-fiveMortality
(5qO)
India
North
Deihi
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu RegionofJ&K
Punjab
Rajasthan
Central
Madhya Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
48.6
34.9
38.4
34.2
31.9
31.2
37.2
53.2
59.9
29.9 78.5 33.4
30.534.9
21.7
13.5
22.5
35.4
32.0
40.0
65.473.3
55.8
45.4
53.7
72.6
85.2
99.9
19.027.4
14.1
14.3
15.0
32.3
49.3
46.0
109.3
83.1
98.7
69.1
59.1
68.0
102.6
130.3
141.3
Contd.
43
Table 2.4 (Contd.)
East
Bihar
Orissa
West Bengal
Northeast
Arunachai Pradesh
Assam
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Nag aland
Trip ura
West
Goa
Gujarat
Maharashtra
54.664.7
51.8
17.5
50.9
25.1
37.8
8.3
10.0
43.6
20.6
42.3
36.4
34.447.4
23.5
22.5
37.8
17.3
26.3
6.3
7.2
32.3
11.3
26.4
14.0
89.2112.1
75.3
40.0
88.7
42.4
64.2
14.6
17.2
75.8
31.9
68.7
50.5
42.021.3
26.0
33.3
58.7
20.2
24.3
Í4.9
3.6
31.2
7.2
37.9
20.9
127.5131.0
99.3
72.0
142.2
61.7
86.9
29.3
20.7
104.6
38.9
104.0
70.3
44
South
Andhfa Pradesh
Karnataka
Kerala
Tamil Nadu
45.3
45.3
15.5
46.2
25.0
20.2
8.2
21.5
70.4
65.4
23.8
67.7
22.4
23.5
8.4
20.1
91.2
87.3
32.0
86.5
'Computed as the difference between the infant and neo-natal mortality rate.
SOURCE : National Family Health Survey, 1992-93International Institute for Population Sciences,Bombay, 1995, p. 221
45
Table 2.5 Estimated infant mortality rates by residencein India and major States, 1996*
India/Slates Rural Urban Total
India*
Andhra Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Orissa
78
73
79
74
68
70
63
65
13
102
58
98
46
39
37
54
46
60
34
20
13
61
31
65
72
66
75
72
62
68
62
53
13
97
48
95
Punjab 55 40 52
Rajasthan 90 60 86
Tamil Nadu 60 39 54
Uttar Pradesh 88 67 85
West Bengal 57 44 55
Note : Figures provisional
Excludes Jammu & Kashmir, Mizo ram and Nagaland
SOURCE: Sample Registration Bulletin, January 1998, Office of the Registrar General, India
47
Table 2.6 Estimated infant mortality rates by sex and residencein India and major States, 1994
India and
major States
India *
Andhra Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Orissa
Punjab
Person
74
65
78
67
64
70
59
67
16
98
55
103
53
Total
Male
75
73
84
69
62
65
55
71
16
101
58
103
47
Female
73
56
71
66
67 *
75
64
62
15
94
53
104
60
Person
30
69
78
68
70
70
60
73
16
105
68
108
58
Rural
Male
80
81
85
70
65
63
56
79
17
108
71
107
52
Female
78
57
70
66
75
78
65
68
16
102
66
109
68
Person
52
52
76
61
51
68
43
50
14
57
38
85
36
Urban
Mate
S3
50
69
57
54
72
45
53
16
57
42
71
34
Female
51
56
84
66
46
63
40
46
12
57
34
59
38
48
Raj as th an
Tamil Nadu
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengaf
84
59
88
62
84
58
66
60
83
60
90
65
87
64
91
64
88
63
89
63
86
66
94
65
62
48
65
52
59
48
66
43
66
48
65
63
Excludes Jammu & Kashmir and Mizoram
SOURCE : Sample Registration System 1994, Office of the Registrar General, India, p. 66.
49
Fig. 3: Infant Mortality Rates bySelected Demographic Characteristics
(Per 1,000 Births)
Sex of ChildMale -
Female -Mother's Age a! Birth -
<2020-2930-3940-49
Birth Order -123456
7+Birlh Interval
< 24 Months24-47 Months
48+ Months
Source: Nations* Family H « U i Surrey,1992-93, p.219
40 60 80 100 120 140 160Note: Based on Srttis in the 10 years
Precedhiff the stivey
50
Table 2.7 Infant mortality rates by sex and residence (1990)
Indicators
1
Rural (N=336)
Male Female Persons
2 3 4
Male
5
Type of project
Tribal (N=191> Urban (N-122J
Female Persons Male Female Persons
6 7 8 9 10
Male
11
All (N=649)
Female Persons
12 13
Livebirths 3475 3125 6600 1711
70 181 89Death in less 111than 7 days
Death between 1587days -1 year
!MR
101 259 74
77.4 54.7 66.6 95.2
1678 3389 1120 1020 2140 6306 5823 12129
25 114 50 30 80 250 125 375
63 137 62 32 94 294 196 490
52.4 74.0 100 63.2 81.3 86.3 55.1 71.3
SOURCE : National Evaluation of Integrated Child Development Services, 1992, NIPCCD , New Delhi.
51
Fig. 4: Infant Mortality Rate: 1996Inter-State Differentials
India
Kerala
Maharashtra
Punjab
Tamil Nadu
Gujarat
West Bengal
Andhra Pradesh
Haryana
Karnataka
Bihar
Assam
Rajasthan
Uttar Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
O rissa
20 40 60 80
Infant Mortality Rate
100
52
Table 2.8 Infant mortality rates, 1981 & 1991 and maternal mortality ratio for Indiaand its major States during 1986-90
Area
1
India
Andhra Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Gujarat
Haryana
Karnataka
Kerala
MacShya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Orissa
Infant Mortality
Male Female1981
2
110
92
105
112
114
91
70
44
147
82
139
3
111
80
106
124
118
113
69
31
137
75
130
Rate
Male Female1991
4
81
76
88
68
70
69
82
17
116
60
126
5
80
70
74
71
67
67
72
16
119
59
123
MortalityRatio
1986-90
6
469
310
NC
477
537
289
369
NC
735
235
851
MaternaiMortality
Ratio (15-19)1986-90
7
965
551
NC
1091
1186
1043
699
NC
1031
571
1589
Maternal Proportion ofmaternal death (15-19)to total maternal death
1986-90
8
29.4
44.4
NC
32.8
14.6
43.4
29.2
NC
22.9
40.0
25.6
Contd.
53
Table 2.8 (Contd.)
1
Punjab
Rajasthan
Tamil Nadu
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
NC :
2
79
107
93
146
94
Not calculated
3
83
109
89
156
89
4
55
77
60
95
72
5
51
80
54
100
69
6
NC
415
342
671
422
7
NC
1163
1078
1016
1068
8
NC
43.8
44.0
18.1
36.0
SOURCE: ProceedhgofthefiretrtattonalWorkshopoiifmprov^of Statistics, Ministry of Planning, Programme and Implementation, April 1994, p. 15
54
Table 2.9 Delivery death rate by residence (1990)
Indicator
1
Population
Estimatedpopulation ofwomen(15-45 years)
CBR
GFR
Deaths duringpregnancyand child birth
DDR
Rural(N:336)
2
349546
69909
18.9
94.4
46.0
6.9
Type of project
Tribal
3
159702
31940
21.2
106.1
27.0
7.9
Urban(N : 122)
4
107372
21474
19.2
99.6
14.0
6.5
All(N.649)
5
616620
123323
19.7
98.3
87.0
7.2
SOURCE: National Evaluation of Integrated Child Development Services, 1992, N1PCCD, New Delhi.
55
Table 2.10 Maternal mortality rates in India and major States 1992-93
State Maternal Deathsper lakh births
INDIA* 453Andhra Pradesh 436Assam 544Bihar 470Gujarat 389Haryana 436Himachal Pradesh 456Kerala 87Karnataka 450Madhya Pradesh 711Maharashtra 336Orissa 738Punjab 369Rajasthan 550Tamil Nadu 376Uttar Pradesh 624West Bengal 389
Note : Indirect estimates based on the MMR-IMR linkageSOURCE : The Progress of Indian States, 1995, UNICEF, India Country Office, New Delhi, 1995
56
Table 2.11 Age specific death rates upto the age of 14 years and ft» all ages by
residence and sex in India, 1981-1994
Year
1
1981
1983
1984
1986
Rural/
Urban/Total
2
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
M
3
43.1
20.0
39.2
40.5
21.1
36.5
44.2
22.6
39.5
38.620.3
34.7
0-4
F
4
48.0
20.9
43.3
43.1
21.7
38.6
48.2
23.8
43.0
43.3
21.538.6
P
5
45.5
20.4
41.2
41.8
21.7
37.6
46.2
23.2
41.2
40.8
20.9
36.6
M
6
4.1
1.7
3.7
3.4
2.0
3.1
4.1
1.6
3.6
3.3
1.6
2.9
5-9
F
7
5.0
1.7
4.4
4.0
1.8
3.5
5.3
2.1
4.6
4.2
1.83.7
Age-groups (in years)
P
8
4.6
1.7
4.0
3.6
1.9
3.3
4.7
1.8
4.1
3.7
1.7
3.3
M
9
1.8
1.6
1.8
1.7
0.9
1.5
1.7
1.2
1.6
1.6
0.91.5
10-14
F
10
1.8
1.4
1.7
2.0
1.2
1.8
2.2
1.3
2.0
1.8
1.1
1.6
P
11
1.8
1.5
1.7
1.8
1.0
1.7
1.9
1.2
1.8
1.7
1.0
1.6
M
12
13.4
8.0
12.4
13.1
8.3
12.0
13.5
8.8
12.4
12.0
11.0
All Ages
F
13
13.9
7.6
12.7
13.1
7.6
11.9
14.0
8.3
12.8
12.37.4
11.2
P
14
13.7
7.8
12.5
13.1
7.9
11.9
13.8
8.5
12.6
12.2
7.6
11.1
Contó.
57
Table 2.11 (Contí.)
1
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
2
RuralUrban
Total
RuralUrban
Total
RuralUrban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
3
37.8
18.1
33.6
35.1
18.8
31.8
31.3
16.5
28.5
27.3
14.8
24.8
28.115.4
25.6
4
41.8
18.2
36.8
39.1
18.8
34.9
35.2
17.2
31.4
31.015.4
27.9
30.216.6
27.5
5
39.7
18.2
35.2
35.7
18.7
33.3
33.2
16.9
29.9
29.1
15.1
26.3
29.1
16.0
26.5
6
3.3
1.3
2.8
3.6
1.6
3.0
2.71.4
2.4
2.6
1.3
2.3
2.8
1.6
2.6
7
4.4
1.9
3.9
3.9
1.83.4
3.8
1.6
3.3
3.1
1.5
2.8
3.2
1.5
2.9
8
3.8
1.6
3.3
3.6
1.7
3.2
3.2
1.5
2.8
2.9
1.4
2.5
3.0
1.5
2.7
9
1.6
1.1
1.5
1.60.7
1.4
1.6
0.8
1.5
1.5
0.8
1.4
1.51.1
1.4
10
1.6
0.91.4
1.8
1.21.7
1.9
,0.8
1.6
1.6
1.01.4
1.80.9
1.6
11
1.6
1.0
1.5
1.7
0.9
1.5
1.7
0.8
1.5
1.5
0.9
1.4
1.6
1.0
1.5
12
11.1
7.710.9
11.9
7.9
11.0
11.2
7.8
10.4
10.5
7.19.7
10.7
7.5
10.0
13
12.1
7.111.0
12.0
7.4
11.0
11.16.7
10.1
10.5
6.5
9.6
10.5
6.7
9.7
14
12.0
7.4
10.9
12.0
7.7
11.0
11.1
7.2
10.3
10.56.8
9.7
10.67.1
9.8
58
1992
1993
1994
RuralUrban
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
RuralUrban
Total
27.215.4
24.9
25.3
13.4
22.7
25.7
15.8
23.6
31.115.9
28.2
27.9
13.3
24.8
26.5
15.6
24.2
29.115.6
26.5
26.6
13.4
23.7
26.115.7
23.9
——
—
—
—
2.0
1.5
1.9
——
—
—
—
2.61.4
2.3
——
—
—
—
2.3
1.42.1
2.2*0.8*1.9*
1.9*
0.7*
1.6*
1.4
0.7
1.2
2.8*1.2*
2.5*
2.4*
0.9*
2.0*
1.4
0.9
1.3
2.5*1.0*
2.2*
2.2*
0.8*
1.8*
1.4
0.8
1.2
10.77.2
10.0
10.6
6.3
9.5
10.57.2
9.6
11.16.8
10.2
10.5
5.2
9.1
9.7
6.2
8.9
10.97.0
10.1
10.6
5.8
9.3
10.16.7
9.3
* Relates to the age group 5-14
SOURCE: Sample Registration System, 1981-1994, Officeof the Registrar General, India.
59
Table 2.12 Age specific death rates by age group andsex in India and major States, 1994
India and
major States
India*Andhra PradeshAssamBiharGujaratHaryanaHimachal PradeshKarnatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraOrissaPunjabRajasthanTamil NaduUttar PradeshWest Bengal
Male
23.619.026.224.520.619.114.519.73.6
34.615.331.214.027.413.331.318.5
0-4
Female
24.214.923.125.324.026.117.717.43.2
34.913.432.217.727.313.534.921.2
Age group
Male
1.61.21.92.11.41.61.10.80.32.30.92.00.70.71.31.91.6
(in years)
5-14
Female
1.81.03.02.71.51.61.11.00.42.61.11.91.40.91.22.61.6
All
Male
9.69.09.5
10.38.98.1
11.09.47.1
11.88.0
11.28.29.88.5
11.28.4
Ages
Female
8.97.68.8
10.78.58.16.37.15.0
11.37.0
11.17.08.07.5
10.98.2
* Excludes Jammu & Kashmir and MizoramSOURCE : Sample Registration System, 1994, Office of the Registrar General, India.
60
Table 2.13 Age specific fertility rates by residence in India*, 1994
Age groupof Women
Rura: Urban Total
"5-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
79.5
260.9
200.2
129.8
65.9
29.2
4.4
36.7
195.9
159.7
88.9
32.9
14.4
4.3
68.1
244.6
188.9
119.1
56.1
25.4
4.4
* Excludes Jammu & Kashmir and Mizoram
SOURCE : Sample Registration System, 19S4, Office of the Registrar General, India.
61
Table 2.14 Age specific fertility rates (ASFRs), India and major States, 1994
India andmajor States
India #Andhra PradeshAssamBiharGujaratHaryanaHimachal PradeshKarnatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraOrissaPunjabRajasthanTamil NaduUttar PradeshWest Bengal
15-19
68.1109.146.756.329.852.825.044.522.492.862.742.317.959.739.651.068.6
20-24
244.6220.7207.3241.7248.9311.4273.7220.5139.3275.9242.2218.5233.1270.5173.6268.9214.9
25-29
188.9116.6222.0249.9193.5212.7190.1178.0120.7213.4166.3199.8198.3248.3129.1275.6164.0
30-34
119.152.4
143.5174.595.295.366.872.643.7
134.873.7
110.987.8
164.253.8
200.785.3
35-39
56.821.582.1
114.536.643.821.635.812.769.822.749.226.490.811.3
132.241.3
40-44
25.47.2
45.560.613.517.76.8
12.32.5.
33.97.5
23.413.345.54.7
68.222.2
45-49
4.42.88.2
23.64.36.60.04.20.2
16.12.58.91.1
27.71.9
31.07.2
# Excludes Jammu & Kashmir and M izo ramSOURCE : Sample Registration System, 1994, Office of the Registrar General, India
62
Table 2.15 Age specific marital fertility rates, India and major States, 1994
India andmajor States
India #Andhra PradeshAssamBiharGujaratHaryanaHimachal PradeshKarnatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraOrissaPunjabRajasthanTamil NaduUttar PradeshWest Bengal
15-19
243.3276.72B6.6130.7137.3222.5276.1204.0220.0251.0234.0248.6200.7125.3250.5181.3249.5
20-24
313.8264.4344.1267.5342.4362.1368.9307.4275.7315.8319.6314.8360.7291.7269.5316.0277.6
# Excludes Jammu & Kashmir and Mizo ramSOURCE : Sample Registration System 1994, Office
25-29
204.6124.9267.2258.0208.8218.6200.0197.1149.9223.7183.0221.6216.0253.9147.5286.0182.5
30-34
126.056.5
160.1179.499.897.469.378.849.6
140.179.0
118.191.1
168.658.3
206.192.4
of the Registrar General,
35-39
60.823.691.5
119.938.445.622.939.614.473.724.653.327.794.112.5
137.445.6
India
40-44
28.28.3
52.665.114.618.87.4
14.43.0
37.18.5
26.014.248.6
5.472.825.5
45-49
5.13.4
10.326.6
4.87.20.05.30.3
18.33.0
10.41.2
30.42.4
34.28.8
83
Table 2.16 Total marital fertility rates by residence, India andmajor States, 1994
India and major States Totaf Rural Urban
India*Andhra PradeshAssamBiharGujaratHaryanaHimachal PradeshKarnatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraOrissaPunjabRajasthanTamil NaduUttar PradeshWest Bengal
4.93.86.15.24.24.94.74.23.65.34.35.04.65.13.76.24.4
5.13.86.25.34.35.05.24.33.45.64.35.14.65.33.96.34.6
4.33.74.94.64.24.54.04.14.34.34.24.44.54.43.55.73.7
* Excludes Jammu & Kashmir and Mizoram
SOURCE : Sample Registration System, 1994, Office of the Registrar General, India.
64
Table 2.17 Expectation of life at birth by sex from1951-61 to 2011-2016
Year Male Female
1951-19611961-19711971-1981
1986-19911991-19961996-2001* 2001-2006
' 2006-2011
•2011-2016
41.646.450.958.160.662.3664.1165.6366.93
40.644.750.059.161.763.3965.4367.2268.80
NOTE : * The data for the years marked with (*) are the Projected Values
SOURCE : Census of India 1991, Population Projections for India and States 1996-2016.
Table 2,18 Statement indicating no. of deaths occurred in ICOS Project Areasduring 1.4.97 to 30.9.1997 Central Sector Projects
SI.No
1.
2
3.
4.
5.
6.
7,
B.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
State/U.T •ICDS Projects*Sane- Targettoned
Andhra Pradesh 363
Arunachal Pradesh 51
Assam
Bihar
Goa
Gujarat
Haryana
224
598
11
227
114
Himachal Pradesh 75
Jam mu & Kashmir128
Karnataka
Kerala
185
164
Madhya Pradesh 466
Maharashtra
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
326
3230
21
237
45
83
323
11
227
114
72
113
185
120
335
274
323021
INCLUFully
Opera-tional
237
45
83
323
11
in114
72
113
185
120
335
274
32
30
21
TINP-IIReport-
ing
177
32
36
259
11
124
105
43
73
163
118
294
181
24
30
21
No.ofAWs
Repor-ing
23155
1513
9484
21980
1039
19190
12045
4934
5670
37468
14910
32601
28951
2951
1794
1203
ChildAWs
1
<1 Yr
567764
23293
230122
958655
13875
422054
399356
66583
14027B
B70818
329884
1046984
696212
57132
36827
27483
Population in Reportedof reported ICDS Projects.4.97 to 30.9.97
1-3 Yrs
SO5951
24102
356821
1164980
23890
722359
610748
103329
157968
14B5436
593329
1306634
1130706
67915
50556
34120
3-6 Yrs
1276243
105191
560363
1669736
36632
990372
869290
134193
246053
2022457
754563
1823142
1702814
103557
71023
47543
Number of deathsoccured during
0-1 Yr
636
102
182
364
11
973
619
140
77
1375
216
1569
1097
25
68
12
1-3Yr 3-6 Yrs
198
45
88
457
5380
24814
20
38935
6B5355
13
37
2
151
29
38
130
3
139
133
5
29
174
220
340
145
14
24
1
17. Nagaland
18. Oríssa
19. Punjab
20. Rajasthan
21. Sikkim
22. Tamil Nadu
23. Tripura
24. Uttar Pradesh
25. West Bengal
26. A & N Islands
27. Chandigarh
28. Delhi
29. Dadra andNagar Haveli
30. Daman & Diu
31. Lakshadweep
32. Pondicherry
All India
September 97
S3
324
123
270
S434
23
935
366
5
3
29
1
2
1
5
5614
35
279
90
194
5
432
23
580
294
5
3
29
1
2
1
5
4200
35
279
90
194
5
432
23
580
294
5
3
29
1
2
1
5
4200
24
226
71
162
5
111
19
378
239
S
2
28
1
2
1
5
3040
1490
20039
8562
19450
445
10031
2170
32533
29219
461
212
3661
125
87
40
672
348285
60333
594686
239167
711611
9608
217580
45B67
1301034
736699
6493
7972
138255
0
1956
1418
14640
10024639
61582
92B044
370858
891361
10690
448564
55048
1792868
1311320
5252
10303
227068
0
2809
1362
24694
14780667
81727
1341622
543540
1248655
14522
657257
93637
2547487
1974718
13342
38844
226771
0
3986
1466
25236
21225982
33
2055
158
526
14
317
30
1339
855
2
10
130
0
0
2
4
13661
12
574
80
267
3
70
20
475
332
2
3
24
0
1
0
2
4836
9
385
49
115
4
45
6
356
152
4
1
7
0
0
0
0
2708
* including TN1P-U in Tamil Nadu.
SOURCE : Department of Women and Child Development, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Govt.of India, New Delhi.
67
Table 2.19 Infant mortality rates in India 1951 to 1995
Period IMR
1951 146.0
1961 146.0
1971 129.0
1976 129.0
1981 110.0
1983 104.9
1984 104.0
1985 97.0
1986 96.4
1987 95.0
1988 94.0
1989 91.0
1990 80.0
1991 80.0
1992 79.0
1993 74.0
1994 74.0
1995 74.0
SOURCE : Sample Registration System, Registrar General of India
68
GLOSSARY
1. Birth rate : number of life birth per 1,000 population in a given year.
2. Death rate : Number of deaths per 1000 population in a given year.
3. Expectation of life : Average number of additional years a person would live if current mortality trendswere to continue
4. Infant mortality rate : Number of deaths to infants under one year of age in a given year per 1000 livebirths in that year
5. Still birth rate : Number of stilt birth occurred after the completion of 28 weeks of gestation in a yearper thousand total births.
6. Peri-natal mortality rate : Number of fatal deaths after 28 weeks of pregnancy (late fatal deaths) plusthe number of deaths to infants under 7 days of age in given year per 1000 total births in that year.
7. Neo-natal mortality rate : Number of deaths to infants under 28 days of age in a given year per 1000life births in that year.
8. Post-natal mortality rate : Number of infants deaths at 28 days to one year of age in a given year per1000 life births in that year.
9. Child mortality rate : Number of deaths to children in age groups 0-4 years per 1000 child population(0-4 years) in a given year.
10. Age specific death rate : Number of deaths in a specific age group per 1000 population in the sameage group in a given year.
11. Total fertility rate (TFR) : Average number of children that would be born alive to a women during herreproductive span ( 15-49 years) of life confirming to the age specific fertility rate in a given year.
12. Total marital fertility rate (TMFR) : Average number of children born alive to a married women duringher reproductive span {15-49 years) of life confirming to the age specrfic marital fertility rate in a givenyear.
13. DDR : Maternal deaths during delivery in a year * 1000
Live births in a year
14. Age-specific fertility rate (ASFR) : Number of live birth in a particular age-group* 1000 mid-year female
population of same age-group
15. Age-specific marital fertility rate (ASMFR) : Number of live birth in a particular age-group * 1000 mid-
year married female population of the same age-group
70
3. Health and Family Welfare
71
Table 3.1 Goals for health and family welfare programmes of"Health for All" by 2000 A.D.
SI. No.
1
Index
2
Current fevel
3
'990
4
Goals
2000 A. D.
5
Crude birth rate
Crudedeathrate
Infant mortality rate
Perinatal mortality rate
Maternal mortality rate (MMH)
Life expectancy at birth (years)
Percentage effective couplesprotection sterilization
28.5(1993)
9.2(1993)
73(1994)$
46.0(1991)
4.4(1992)
60.6 M (1991-96)61.7F(1991-96)
43.5 (Mar., 93)$
27.0
10.4
87
—
2.3
57.6 M57.1 F
42.0
21.0
9.0
Below 60
30
Below 2
64YrsM64YrsF
60.0
Net reproduction rate 1.5(1990) 1.17 1.00
Contd.
73
Table 3.1 {Contd.)
1
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
2
Growth rate
Family size
Percentage of deli verresby trained birth attendants
Percentage population withprotected water supply
Immunization Status(Percentage coverage)T.T. for pregnant women& childrena) T.T. (School children
10 Years)
b) D.P.T. (Infants)
c) POLIO (Infants)
d)B.C.G.(lnfants)
3
1.91(1992)
4.0(1988)
46.2(1991)
Rural 10Urban 80
79.40(1992-93)$
20
90.2(1992-93)$
90.8(1992-93)$
96.5(1992-93)$
4
1.17
-
80
100100
100
100
85
85
85
5
1.00
£3
100
100100
100
100
100
100
100
Note: M = MaleF = Female$ = Provisional
SOURCE : National Health Policy, 1993
74
Table 3.2 Percentage distribution of deaths among specific causes"Causes Peculiar to infancy" All India 1991-1995
Rank
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Specific Cause group
Prematurity
Respiratory infectionof new born
Diarrhoea of new born
Cord Infection (inducing Tetanus)
Congenital Malformation
Birth Injury
Not classifiable
All Causes
1991
48.2
15.4
6.8
5.0
4.3
1.2
18.9
100.0
1992
50.5
13.5
6.9
3.8
4.0
2.0
19.3
100.0
1993
46.4
14.4
8.0
4.5
4.6
3.0
19.1
100.0
1994
S0.2
16.3
8.7
3.4
3.3
2.8
15.3
100.0
1995
53.5
17.0
7.4
3.1
3.0
2.0
14.0
100.0
SOURCE: Survey of Causes of Death (Rural) IndiaAnnual Report 1995Office of the Registrar General, India.
75
Table 3.3 Percentage distribution of deaths due to ten selected diseases byage-group and sex, India 1994
SI.No.
1.
0
3.
4.
5.
fi
7.
8.
9.
10.
Diseases
Asthma & Bronchitis
Heart attack
Pneumonia
TB of lungs
Cancer
Anaemia
Prematurity
Paralysis
Gastroenteritis
Vehicular accidents
Below 1 year
M
3.2
03
54.7
0.1
0.0
21 9
100.0
0.1
4.8
0.5
F
4.6
0 1
47.3
0.3
0.0
150
T
3.8
02
49.6
0.2
0.0
181
1O0.0 100.0
0.0
6.6
1.8
0.1
5.7
0.9
1
M
1.3
0 1
24.0
0.4
0.8
15 1
-
0.0
25.8
?4
yr—4yr
F
2.2
00
31.3
0.4
0.4
173
0.2
21.3
6.2
T
1.6
0 1
27.5
0.4
0.6
163
0.1
23.5
3.4
5yr—14 yr
M
0.9
08
5.6
3.0
1.8
54
0.8
15.4
8.7
F
1.6
1 2
9.0
3.0
1.3
79
1.7
15.8
147
T
1.2
1 0
7.2
3.0
1.5
68
1.3
15.6
10.3
M
94.6
98 8
18.7
96.5
97.4
57 6
-
99.1
54.5
P01
15 +
F
91.6
98 7
12.4
94.8
98.3
59 2
98.1
51.9
fiflO
T
93.4
98 8
15.7
96.3
97.8
58 8
98.6
55.2
85.4
M
100
im
100
100
100
i m
100
100
100
100
Total
F
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
T
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
SOURCE : Survey of Causes of Death (Rural), India, Annuaífleport 1994, Office of the Registrar Genera!, India.
76
Table 3.4 Number of persons per lakh household population suffering fromtuberculosis, leprosy and malaria by State, India, 1992-93
Number of persons per 100,000 suffering from
State Tuberculosis Leprosy Malariaduring the lastthree months
India
NorthDelhiHaryanaHimachal PradeshJammuRegionofJ&KPunjabRajasthan
CentralMadhya PradeshUttar Pradesh
EastBiharOrissaWest Bengal
467
192327242245238724
435560
595555357
120 3324
10114561828126
136222
1239647
5549331141853
25465103
47287395
14285149678
Contd.
77
Table 3.4 (Contd.)
North-eastArunacha! Pradesh 938 110 4213Assam 638 36 2707Manipur 951 199 1641Meghalaya 321 17 4723Mizoram 311 33 4636Nagaland 491 153 2778Tripura 239 0 2619
WestGoa 179 16 243Gujarat 308 29 3228Maharashtra 293 72 3742
SouthArtdhra Pradesh 407 118 1944Kamataka 136 132 457Kerala 586 18 112Tamil Nadu 703 209 576
SOURCE : National Family Health Survey 1992-93, International Institute for Population Sciences, Bombay, 1995.
78
Table 3.5 Reported incidence of vaccine preventable diseasesIndia 1985-1995
Year
1985
1386
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994$1995$
DIP
15686
9426
12952
17146
9790
8425
12550
6810
7131
39872128
PER
134368
167225
163786
145469
137374
113016
73520
61648
47612
3870421649
TET*
37647
30994
31844
24343
17763
14043
15036
12023
15354
311434998
NNT
_
--
11849
11114
9313
11241
6687
6606
46882222
POL
22584
20169
28264
24257
13866
10408
6028
9390
7576
70288675
MEAS.
160216
155072
247519
157800
162560
87446
79655
92297
65077
6138131906
* : TET. includes cases in adults and cases of NNT upto 1987 (Source : CBHI, Dte. General of Health Services)$ : Figures are provisional and incomplete.SOURCE : Annual Report 1996-97, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,
Govt. of India, p. 27.
79
Table 3.6 Yearwise vaccination performance for years 1975-96(Figures in Million)
1975-761976-771977-781978-791979-BO1980-811981-821982-831983-841984-851985-861986-871987-881988-891989-901990-911991-921992-931993-941994-95 '1995-96 '
Year
1
Target
2
T.T.Preg. Women
Achievement PercentageAchievement
3 4
Target
5
D.P.T
Achievement PercentageAchievement
6 7
3.025.006.945.006.006.847.969.00
11.5013.0312.8615.2016.9322.6625.1225.2726.1327.0127.5627.5327.53
1.452.143.513.724.755.287.117.648.259.36
10.3611.7314.9616.1917.8320.1420.2721.4522.7522.95 •_
46.3$42.0$50.7$74.5$79.4$77.3$69.5$B4.9Î71.7071.9080.6077.286.371.471.0
/ 79.777.679.482.6B3.466.9
5.0310.0010.908.94
12.0013.5515.9713.9714.5014.5114.0415.3017.2118.0419.1422.3423.3324.2924.7924.7724.66
2.414.027.816.806.687.159.23
10.3411.2312.4315.1812.99316.69©16.81®19.19©22.50021.21022.0023.09023.34©_
47.0$39.6$71.6$76.2$57.6$52.8$57.9$74.0$77.5085.70
108.1084.0997.093.2
100.2100.790.990.693.294.276.4
80
Table 3.6 (Contd.)
Year
1
D.T POLIO
8 9 10 11 12 13
1975-761976-771977-781978-791979-801980-811961-821982-831983-841984-851985-861986-871987-881988-891989-901990-911991-921992-93*1993-94*1994-95*1995-96*
5.735.006.967.93
10.0011.3712.5712.5013.0013.0611.1912.1013.0018.9418.7517.1317.6618.1618.5421.45
1.282.726.547.21
10.8410.2310.8110.2510.6311.4512.5310.8010.4712.4713.8413.9413.7514.1313.4213.84
22.0$54.2$94.0$91.1$
108.7$90.1$N.1$•2.0$«1.787.6
112.098287.585.847S.H81.477.877.872.464.5
3.832.405.247.50
12.0014.0415.3017.2118.0419.1422.3423.3324.2924.7924.7724.86
1.612.934.558.039.89
13.1911.14©14.27©15.90919.04922.68921.30922.129
23.21923.519
42.2$123.8$87.0$
107.182.493.972.882.988.199.5
101.591.391.093.694.976.8
Contd.
•1
Table 3.6 (Contd.)
Year
1 14
B.C.G MEASLES
15 16 17 18 19
1975-761976-771977-781978-791979-801980-811981-821982-831983-841984-851985-861986-871987-881988-891989-901990-911991-921992-93*1993-94*1994-95*1995-96*
15.0015.0014.5114.0415.3017.2118.0419.1422.3423.3324.2924.7924.7724.86
4.124.475.366.62
11.8116.3517.4420.3823.0121.6723.4624.0924.66
_
27.529.837.047.3$77.295.096.6
106.5103.092.996.697.299.683.7
----
5.7011.2115.7619.1422.3423.3324.2924.7924.7724.86
----
3.7110.0512.4315.9420.2919.6320.8621.9521.49
----
67.5$89.778.983.390.985.085.988.566.867.8
82
Year
1 20
Table 3.6
TYPHOID
21
(Contd.)
22
T.T.(IOYEARS)
23 24 25
1975-76
1976-77
1977-78
1978-79
1979-80
1980-81
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
1985-86
1986-87
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91
9.82
10.00
10.00
10.00
11.00
11.19
12.10
13.00
1.62
2.63
5.02
6.23
7.35
7.87
7.88
8.43
16.526.650.862.366.970.365.164.9
+
+
+
--
-
4.005.015.546.707.809.75
18.0815.47
2.753.64
4.53
5.29
7.00
8.29
10.59
11.03
83.7$72.8$
82.0$
79.089.7
85.0
58.6
71.3
Contd.
83
raWe3.fi (Contd.)
Year
1
TYPHOID
20 21 22
T.T.
23
15.97
16.31
16.65
20.31
{10 YEARS)
24
10.90
11.32
11.71
11.17
25
68.2$
69.4
70.3
55.0
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95*
1995-96*
Note : * Figures are provisional$ Worked out after excluding the targets of those States/U.Ts for which figures have not been
received. Figures pertaining to DPT, Polio, BCG, Measles are pertaining to below 1 year.+ Not Available
Nil@ Data relate to third dose only
For 1995-96 Figures are upto Feb. 1996.SOURCE : 1. Year Book, 1994-95, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, pp. 67-68
84
Table 3.7 Reported coverage level under immunization of women andchildren in different states, India, 1995-96
States
1
Larger States
Andhra PradeshAssamBiharGujaratHaryanaKarnatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraOrissaPunjabRajasttianTamil NaduUttar PradeshWest Bengal
Achievement as percentage of estimated infants and pregnant women
DPT
2
97.8376.0546.2698.8488.6698.71
101.5993.2997.1497.44
109.6887.30
107.71101.2780.87
OPV
3
97.7675.6850.5899.4788.5198.89
104.1393.3697.8397.57
108.7187.39
108.98101.6383.70
BCG
4
102.7078.5660.75
100.8697.57
105.27109.5595.53
101.57101.04113.9487.90
122.50103.4292.91
MSL
5
88.6475.6448.3691.3379.9092.7990.3880.5190.9582.73
103.9565.69
104.9089.1369.15
TT(PW)
6
97.0771.7331.0094.6479.25
100.0587.8089.3385.6483.9001.5765.92
103.7381.6180.40
Contd.
85
7aWe3.7(Contd.)
1
Smaller States
H i machaí PradeshJammu & KashmirMa ni purMeghalayaNag al andSikkimTri puraA & N IslandArunachal Pradesh _,ChandigarhD & N HaveîiDelhiGoaDaman & OiuLakshadweepM izo ramPondicherry
All India @
2
89.0578.1089.1858.9727.6887.0064.7997.6156.5598.17
104.5388.50
119.2591.9291.0284.43
140.21
89.76
3
88.2978.6389.2460.6828.6185.6885.1997.6156.29
111.17104.0588.53
117.9692.9291.9883.40
140.36
90.74
4
93.2997.0593.8071.999.34
92.6177.37
103.8065.32
126.80108.06126.91131.2598.8991.4383.50
175.79
96.13
5
84.1169.5369.7350.8317.0171.7259.0287.9941.7387.2187.3094.33
115.79100.2293.9674.56
117.93
81.04
6
75.2941.2377.3350.6026.4845.2749.7881.4336.3292.8788.1773.36
117.2298.5879.1769.45
123.68
78.87
NOTE : Figures are provisional@ At! India figures include performance under Ministry of Def. RailwaysSOURCE : Annual Report 1996-97, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, p. 32.
86
Table 3.8 Percentage of children (0-1 year) immunized, 1991
Type ofproject
1
No. ofchildren
2
BCG
3
Measles
4
1st dose
5
DPT
2nd dose 3rd dose
6 7
Total
e
1 st dose
9
Polio
2nd dose
10
3rd dose Total
11 12
Rural 10577 5590 3652 353 92N = 371 (52.8) (34.5)
Tribal 6714 2944 2041 243 157N = 202 (43.9) (30.4)
Urban 3535 1881 1108 214 92N = 125 (53.2) (31.3)
4/33
2496
1443
8672
5178(49.0)
2896(43.1)
1749(49.4)
9623(47.1)
265
224
182
671
196
127
82
405
3649
1798
1292
6739
4110(38.9)
2149(32.0)
1556(44.0)
7815(37.5)
Total 20626 10415 6601 810 341N = 698 (50.0) (32.7)
Note : Figures ¡n parentheses are percentage of children
SOURCE : National Evaluation of Integrated Child Development Services, 1992, NIPCCD, New Delhi.
87
Table 3.9 Coverage of children (0-3 years) under immunization, 1991
Type ofvaccine
1
BCG
Measles
Polio
OPT
Rural
¡CDSN = 3699
2
2663(72.0)
1778(48.1)
2760(74.6)
2727(73.7)
Non-ICDSN = 519
3
336(64.7)
213(41.0)
357(68.8)
355(68.4)
Tribal
ICDSN = 2050
4
1309(63.8)
954(46.5)
1406(68.6)
1426(69.5)
Non-ICDSN = 292
5
121(41.4)
73(25.0)
144(49.3)
156(53.4)
Urban
ICDSN=1285
6
1063(82.7)
788(61.3)
1004(78.1)
971(75.5)
Non-iCDSN = 183
7
130(71.4)
94(51.3)
121(66.1)
104(56.8)
All
ICDS Non-ICDSN = 7034 N = 994
8
5035(71.5)
3520(50.4)
5170(73.5)
5124(72.8)
9
587(59.5)
380(38.2)
662(62.6)
615(61.B)
Note : Figures in parentheses are percentage of children
SOURCE : National Evaluation of Integrated Child Development Services, 1992, NIPCCD, New Delhi.
88
Fig. 5: Percentage of Children Aged12-23 Months Who Have Received all
Vaccinations
3 Residence S M other's Education ^Sex of Child
Percent
Urban Rural
70
Source: Nation1992-93, p.251
¡ly Health Survey,
HgtlComplete Complete School
I Above
89
Table 3.10 I
1
India
NorthDelhiHaryanaHimachal PradeshJammu Region of J&KPunjabRajasthan
CentralMadhya PradeshUttar Pradesh
EastBiharOrissaWest Bengal
Percentage: of children (12-23 ibefore the Interview by
BCG
2
62.2
90.177.484.5
; 81.377.445.7
56.848.9
33.963.363.1
Percentage
Polio0
3
4.6
12.32.12.21.71.7
11.4
4.31.5
2.83.10.9
1
4
66.3
89.080.590.183.781.947.8
60.852.2
42.869.073.7
months) vaccinated atState, India, 1992-93
vaccination among children ¡
DPT2
5
59.2
81.975.083.882.378.538.6
53.541.8
37.063.662.9
3
6
51.7
71.666.878.277.873.629.7
43.734.1
29.156.351.9
1
7
67.0
86.880.590.183.882.248.8
62.851.8
45.070.375.2
Polio2
8
61.2
85.175.485.982.478.241.2
56.744.7
40.664.866.6
age 12-23 months
3
9
53.4
75.067.777.777.173.432.8
46.637.1
31.656.756.0
Meas-les
10
42.2
69.660.971.569.164.831.2
40.726.3
14.640.242.5
All1
11
35.4
57.853.562.965.761.921.1
29.219.8
10.736.134.2
any time
Percentageshowing
None vacci-
12
30.0
6.717.5B.7
16.217.548.5
34.443.3
53.528.022.4
nationcard
13
30.6
45.531.353.647.937.816.3
21.823.0
16.741.747.7
90
North-east
Arunachal Pradesh 46.3 2.5 50.0 45.6 38.8 48.1 44.4 38.8Assam 48.2 1.2 53.4 42.2 31.0 54.2 42.9 32.7Manipur 63.8 3.1 66.1 55.9 43.3 63.8 51.2 39.4Meghalaya ' 43.8 1.4 36.8 30.6 22.9 36.1 31.9 23.6Mizoram 77.3 4.5 83.6 80.0 71.8 80.9 76.4 69.1Nagaland 19.4 3.1 21.3 16.9 12.5 21.9 18.8 15.0Tripura 39.7 0.8 57.0 43.8 32.2 57.0 43.0 32.2
WestGoa 93.5 14.0 93.9 90.0 86.7 94.3 90.7 87.1Gujarat 77.1 4.4 77.8 71.4 63.B 77.8 71.2 62.9Maharashtra 86.9 5.9 90.0 85.9 83.1 90.2 85.5 81.6
SouthAndhra Pradesh 73.9 3.3 77.3 72.3 66.1 78.9 74.6 68.0Kamataka 81.7 5.3 80.6 76.6 70.7 81.9 77.7 71.4Kerala 86.1 11.9 84.8 81.5 73.7 85.1 82.3 75.2Tamil Nadu 91.7 19.4 95.0 92.2 86.5 94.1 91.0 85.3
1 Children who are fully Vaccinated, i.e., those who have received BCG, Measles and three doses of DPT andpolio vaccine (excluding Polio O).
SOURCE: NationalFamilyHealthSurvey 1992-93,InternationalInstituteforPopulationSciences,Bombay, 1995,p. 252.
27.525.837.013.265.510.028.9
77.855.970.2
53.B54.960.571.6
22.519.429.19.7
56.43.8
19.0
74.949.864.1
45.052.254.464.9
47.543.632.354.914.575.042.1
5.418.97.5
17.515.211.43.3
37.539.542.515.338.211.943.0
74.932.039.2
35.534.456.238.2
91
Table 3.11 Children { 0-3 years) availing referral services, 1991
indicatorRural
ICDS Non-ICDS= 3699 N = 519
Tribal Urban All
ICDS= 2050
Non-ICDSN = 292
ICOS Non-ICDS ICDS Non-ICDS= f285 N = 183 N = 7034 N = 994
No. ofchildren referred
Referred byHealth staff
Doctor
ANM
1205 120 503 55 456 61 2164 236(32.58) (23.12) (24.54) (18.84) (35.49) (33.33) (30.76) (23.74)
379 33 157 17 . 181 24 717 74(31.45} (27.50) (31.21 ) (30.91 ) (39.69) (39.34) (33.13) (31.36)202 30 100 25 26 6 32B 61
(16.76) (25.00) (19.88) (45.45) (5.70) (9.84) (15.16) (25.85)
92
ICDS staff
, AWW
Supervisor
CDPO
Any Other
243(20.17)
48(3.98)
4(0.33)329
(27.30)57
(47.50)
147(29.22)
29(5-77)
1(0.20)
69(13.72)
13(23.64)
96(21.05)
12(2..63)
0(0.00)
141(30.92)
31(50.82)
486(22.46)
89(4.11)
5(0.23)539
(24.91)101
(42.80)
Note : No. of AWs : Rural 376, Tribal 196, Urban 126Non-ICDS units : Rural 54, Tribal 28, Urban 18Figures in parentheses are percentage of children.
SOURCE : National Evaluation of Integrated Child Development Services, 1992, NIPCCD, New Delhi.
Table 3.12
Indicator
1
No. of childrenreferred
Referred byHealth Staff
Doctor
ANM
ICDS staffAWW
Supervisor
CDPO
All
Any Other
Children (Rural
ICDSN = 3662
2
838(22.88)
207(24.70)
123(14.68)
235(28.04)
42(5.01)
3(0.36)280
(33.41)228
(27.21)
Non-ICDSN = 518
3
121(23,36)
32(26.45)
31(25.62)
-
-
58(47.93)
3-6 years)Tribal
ICDS 1N = 2055
4
428(20.83)
167(39.02)
56(13.08)
100(£3.36)
43(10.05)
0(0.00)143
(33.41)62
(14.49)
availing
Mon-ICDSN = 297
5
49(16.50)
22(44.90)
13(26.53)
• -
-
-
-
14(28.57)
referral services, 1991Urban
ICDSN = 1275
6
312(24.47)
100(32.05)
20(6.41)
75(24.04)
5(1.60)
1(0.32)
81(25.96)
111(35.58)
Non-ICDSN = 179
7
43(24.02)
13(30.23)
11(25.58)
-
-
-
-
19(44.19)
All
(CDS Non-ICDSN = 6992
8
1578(25.57)
474(30.04)
199(12.61)
410(25.98)
90(5.70)
4(0.25)504
(31.93)401
(25.41)
N = 994
9
213(21.43)
67(31.46)
55(25.82)
-
-
-
-
91(42.72)
Note Non-ICDS units : Rural 54, Tribal 28, Urban 18.ICDS units : Rural 378, Tribal 196, Urban 126Figures in parentheses are percentage of children.
SOURCE : National Evaluation of Integrated Child Development Services, 1992, NIPCCD, New Delhi.
94
Table 3.13 Health check-up of women and children, 1991
Type ofproject
1
No.ofAWs givinghealthcheck-up
2
Centre for health check-up
AW PHC/CHC Home
3 4 5
Functionary conducting health check-up
MedicalOfficer
6
LHV ANM VillageDai
7 8 9
RuralN=371
TribalN = 202
UrbanN = 125
335{90.30)
170(84.16)
111(88.80)
222(66.27)
92(54.12)
82(73.87}
103(30.75)
68(40.00)
27(24.32)
10(2.99)
10{5.B8)
2(1.80)
166(49.55)
92(54.12)
73(65.77)
67(20.00)
36(21.18)
30(27.03)
170(50.75)
91(53.53)
53(47.75)
22(6.57)
12(7.06)
8(7.21)
TotalN = 698
616(88.25)
396(56.73)
198(28.37)
22(3.15)
133(47.42)
314(19.05)
42(44.99)
81(6.02)
Note : Figures in parentheses are percentageof AWWs.SOURCE : National Evaluation of Integrated Child Development Services, 1992, NIPCCD, New Delhi.
Table 3.Í4 Percentage of live births during the four years preceding the surveyby various maternal care indicators and state, India, 1992-93
State
1
India
NorthDelhiHaryanaHimachai PradeshJammu Region of J &KPunjabRajasthan
CentralMadhya PradeshUttar Pradesh
EastBiharOrissaWest Bengal
Percentagereceivingantenatal
care
2
62.3
82.472.776.079.587.931.2
52.144.7
36.861.675.3
Percentagereceiving two
doses oftetanus toxotd
vaccine1
3
53.8
72.563.347.468.982.728.3
42.837.4
30.753.870.4
Percentagereceiving
iron/folie
tablets
4
50.5
74.959.971.770.773.629.2
44.329.5
21.449.956.3
Percentageof births
delivered inMedical insti-
tutions
5
25.5
44.316.716.021,924.811.6
15.911.2
12.114.131.5
Percentageof deliveries
assistedby health
professionals2
6
34.2
53.030.325.631.248.321.8
30.0172
19.020.533.0
96
North-eastArunachal PradeshAssamManipurMeghalayaMizoramNagaiandTripura
WestGoaGujaratMaharashtra
SouthAndhra PradeshKarnatakaKeralaTamil Nadu
48.949.363.451.888.939.364.9
95.475.782.7
86.383.597.394.2
31.93454B.030.042.533.058.7
83.4' 62.7
71.0
74.869.889.890.1
44.739.435.549.663.723.953.2
89.369.370.6
76.474.991.284.1
19.911.123.029.648.96.0
30.7
86.835.643.9
32.837.587.863.4
21.317.940.436.961.522.2.33.5
88.442.553.3
49.350.989.771.2
Note : Table is based on births in the period 1-47 months prior to the survey1 includes women who received more than two doses.2 Allopathic doctor or nurse/midwife.SOURCE : National Family Health Survey 1992-93, International Institute for Population Sciences, Bombay,1995, p. 242.
97
Table 3.15 Medical attention received during pregnancy, 1991
Indicator
1
Rural
2
ICDS
Tribal
3
Urban
4
All
5
Rural
6
Non-ICDS
Tribal
7
Urban
e
All
9
Total no. ofexpectant moth ers
Type of medical attention
Regular check-up
Identifying womenhavin g com plicati ons
Referral services
Referred by
Health staff
ICOS staff
Others
2997
1759(58.7)
405(23.0)
291(71.8)
110(37.8)
134(46.0)
47(16.2)
1328
802(60.4)
199(24.8)
117(58.7)
76(65.0)
29(24.8)
12(10.2)
969
660(68.1)
133(20.1)
92(69.1)
37{40.2}
17(18.5)
38(41.3)
5294
3221(60.8)
737(22.9)
500(67.8)
222(44.6)
180(36.0)
97(19.4)
392
223.(56.9)
51(22.9)
35(68.6)
22(62.8)
13(37.1)
203
71(35.0)
6(22.5)
2(12.5)
0
.
2(100.0)
148
80(54.0)
11(13.7)
-(36.4)
4(100.0)
.
0
743
374(50.3)
78(20.8)
441(52.6)
33(80.5)
-
8(19.5)
Note : Figures in parentheses are percentage of expectant mothers.SOURCE : National Evaluation of Integrated Child Development Services, 1992, NIPCCD, New Delhi.
98
Table 3.16 Medical attention received by women at the time of delivery andduring post-natal period, 1991
Type ofProject
1
Home
2
Place of birth
PHC centre/Sub-centre/Govt.hosp.
3
Privatehospital
4
Others
5
TrainedDai
6
Birth attended by
Health staff Private Untrainedpractitioner person
7 8 9
Availedpost-natalcare
10
ICDSRural 1417(1891) (74.9)
Tribal 918(1067) (56.0)
Utban(628)
All(3586)
242(38.5)
2577(72.0)
335(17.7)
98(9.2)
265(42.2)
(19.5)
97(5.1)
28(2.6)
100(16.0)
225(6.3)
9(0.5)
1(0.1)
9(1.4)
19(0.5)
662(35.0)
35(33.0)
179(28.5)
1192(33.2)
370(19.6)
130(12.2)
256(40.8)
756(21.1)
121(6.4)
54(5.1)
11(17.7)
286(7.9)
738(39.0)
532(50.0)
82(13.1)
1352(37.7)
699(37.0)
308(28.9)
328(52.2)
1335(37.2)
Contó.
99
Table 3.16 (Contd.)
1
NorHCDS
Rural(260)
Tribal<171)
Urban(86)
All(517)
2
204(78.5)
142(83.0)
42(48.8)
388(75.1)
3
41(15.8)
18(10.5)
37(43.0)
96(18.6)
4
g(3-5)
1(0.5)
7(8.1)
17(13.3)
5
—
5(2.9)
—
5(1.0)
6
88(33.9)
53(31.0)
28(32.6)
169(32.7)
7
59(22.7)
21(12.3)
35(40.1)
115(22.2)
8
4(5.4)
10(5-9)
8(9.3)
32(6.2)
9
99(38.1)
87(50.9)
15(17.4)
20(38.9)
10
80(30.8)
36(21.1)
35(40.7)
151(29.2)
Note : Figures in parentheses are percentage of mothers.
SOURCE : National Evaluation of Integrated Child Development Services, 1992, NIPCCD, New Delhi.
100
Table 3.17 Distribution of deaths under child birth & Pregnancy (Maternaldeaths) by specific causes, (1991-95)
S.No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Specific Causes
Bleeding of pregnancyand Puerperium
Abortion
Anaemia
Toxaemia
Puerperal Sepsis
Mai Position ofChild
Not classifiable
Total
1991
19.5
10.8
19.9
8.8
12.7
11.6
16.7
100
1992
25.2
13.7
19.6
12.6
11.5
8.5
6.9
100
1993
22.6
11.7
20.3
12.8
12.5
5.5
14.6
100
1994
Excluding23.7
12.6
19.3
13.1
10.6
6.4
14.2
100
1995
28.9
17.6
17.0
9.9
8.5
4.0
14.1
100
SOURCE : Survey of Causes of Death (Rural) India,Annual Report 1995Office of the Registrar General, India
101
Table 3.18 Coverage of children ( 0 - 3 years) under prophylaxis programmes, 1991
Type ofsupplement
1
Hura!ICDS:N = 3699
Vitamin A
Iron & Folie acidtablets
Non-ICDS:N = 519Vitamin A
Iron&Folicacidtablets
TribalICDS:N = 2050
Vitamin A
Iron&Folicacidtablets
Beneficiariesreceivingsupplement
2
1326(35.85)
1019(27.55)
118(22.74)
86(16.57)
897(43.76)
720(35.12)
Govt. doctor
3
137(10.33)
70(6.87)
28(23.73)
25(29.07)
85(9.48)
56(7.78)
ANM/LHV
4
441(33.26)
338(33.17)
71(60.17)
50(58.14)
295(32.89)
235(32.64)
S ou rce of supplements
Privatepractitioner
5
69(5.20}
27(2.65)
14(11.86)
7(8.14)
25(2.79)
15(2.08)
AWW
6
623(46.98)
558(54.76)
3(2.54)
0(0.00)
470(52.40)
403(55.97)
Any other
7
10(0.75)
2(0.20)
2(1.69)
0(0.00)
11(1.23)
2(0.28)
Not known
8
46(3.47)
24(2.36)
0(0.00)
4(4.65)
11(1-23)
9(1-25)
102
Non-ICDS:N = 292Vitamin A
Iron & Folie acidtablets
UrbanICDS:N = 1285
Vitamin A
Iron & Folie acidtablets
Non-!CDS:N = 183Vitamin A
Iron & Folie acidtablets
54(18.49)
43(14.73)
441(34.32)
369(28.72)
33(18.03)
20(10.93)
13(24.07)
6(13.95)
72(16.33)
56(15.18)
16(48.48)
6(30.00)
36(66.67)
34(79.07)
101(22.90)
66(17.89)
4(12.12)
6(30.00)
3(5.56)
2(4.65)
36(8.16)
30(8.13)
8(24.24)
4(20.00)
1(0.11)
0(0.00)
215(48.75)
212(57.45)
0(0.00)
0(0.00)
0(0.00)
0(0.00)
3(0.68)
2(0.54)
1(0.03)
1(5.00)
1(1.85)
1(2.33)
14(3.17)
3(0.81)
4(12.12)
3(15.00)
Mote : Figures in parentheses are percentage of children.SOURCE : National Evaluationof Integrated Child Development Services, 1992, NIPCCD, New Delhi.
103
Table 3.19 Coverage of children (3-6 years) under prophylaxis programmes, 1991
Type of
supplement
1
RuralICOS:N = 3662
Vitamin A
lron& Folie acidtablets
Noo-ICDS:N = 518Vitamin A
lron& Folie acidtablets
TribalICDS:N = 2O55
Vitamin A
lron& Folie acidtablets
Beneficiaries
receivingsupplement
2
1551(42.35)1301
(35.53)
91(17.57)
73-(14.09)
1033(50.27)
903(43.94)
Govt. doctor
3
144(9.28)107
(8.22)
21(23.08)
18(24.66)
111(10.75)
68(7.53)
ANM/LHV
4
489(31.53)
278(21.37)
62(68.13)
47(64.3B)
241(23.33)
198(21.93)
Source of supplements
Privatepractitioner
5
28(1.81)
21(1.61)
4(4.40)
7(9.59)
15(1.45)
5(0.55)
AWW
6
848(54.67)
868(66.72)
2(2.20)
0(0.00)
640(61.96)
618(68.44)
Any other
7
9(0.58)
2(0.15)
1(1.10)
1(1.37)
8(0.77)
6(0.66)
Not known
8
33(2.13)
25(1.92)
1(1.10)
0(0.00)
18(1.74)
8(0.89)
104
Non-ICDS:N = 297Vitamin A
IronS Folie acidtabiets
UrbanICDS:N = 1275
Vitamin A
Iron & Folie acidtablets
Non-ICDS:N = 179Vitamin A
Iron & Folie acidtablets
51(17.17)
36(12.12)
484(37.96)
389(30.51)
42(23.46)
29(16.20)
10(19.61)
4(11.11)
68(14.05)
45(11.57)
14(33.33)
14(48.28)
31(60.78)
29(80.56)
72(14.88)
39(10.03)
13(30.95)
9(31.03)
3(5.88)
1(2.78)
31(6.40)
15(3.86)
6(14.29)
2(6.90)
2(0.19)
2(5.56)
287(59.30)
278(71.47)
1(2.38)
0(0.00)
2(0.19)
0(0.00)
9(1.86)
6(154)
5(11.90)
2(6.90)
3(5.88)
0(0.00)
17(3.51)
6(1.54)
3(7.14)
2(6.90)
Note : Figures in parentheses are percentage of children.
SOURCE : National Evaluation of Integrated Child Development Services, 1992, NIPCCD, New Delhi.
105
Table 3.20 Targets and achievements under the programme prophylaxis againstblindness due to vitamin A deficiency in States, India 1993-94
SI.No.
1
I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
State/UTs/Agency
2
Target(¡nOOO's)
3
Major States (Population 1 croreormore)
Andhra Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Gujarat
Haryana
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Orí s sa
Punjab
Rajas th an
1631.4
702.0
2856.7
1177.8
538.0
1188.6
532.0
2261.4
2049.2
870.0
559.7
1545.2
No. of beneficiaries(in doses)
4
2815009**
1215161
NA
3317155
989773
1441699
1126223
6836215
6408019
2562392
1923560*
2047795
%Achvt.oftarget K
5
86.3
86.5
NA
140.8
92.0
60.6
105.8
149.8
156.4
147.3
171.8
66.3
106
13.14.
15.
II.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
g.
10.
H.12.
13.
14.
15.
Tamil Nadu
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
Smaller States/UTs
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Manipur
Meghalaya
Nagaland
Sikkim
Tripura
A&N Islands
Arunachal Pradesh
Chandigarh
O&N Haveli
Delhi
Goa
Daman & Diu
Lakshadweep
1156.0
49g7.8
1710.5
146.8
249.9
38.1
55.1
25.8
9.2
66.7
6.2
23.7
11.5
5.8
269.2
17.9
2.6
1.3
1789593*$*
3951000*
3040994
441316
317456
57165
112458
1996
26735
74886
19525
37516
36657
8461
425908
16215
4974
1862
77.4
39.5
88.9
150.3
63.5
75.0
102.0
3.9
145.3
56.1
157.5
79.1
159.4
72.9
79.1
45.3
95.7
71.6
Contd.
107
Table 3.20 (Contd.)
1
16.
17.
111.
1.
2.
2
M izo ram
Pondicherry
Other Agencies
M/O Defence
M/O Railways
Ail India
3
22.3
16.6
$$$$$$
24765.0
4
86658
45484
112208
482408
41774476
5
194.3
137.0
84.3 K
NA - Not available
$ - relatesto Und & Booster dose beneficiaries
$$ - Relates to Illrd dose only
$$$ - No separate target allocated in respect of Ministry of Defence and railways
k - Percentage of achievement of targets were worked out by taking half of the total doses given to thefirst time initiated, continued and completed dosed beneficiaries
- figures upto May 94
*$* - figures upto August, 94
* - figures upto Sep.94
** - figures upto Feb.95
SOURCE : Family Welfare Programme in India Year Book 1994-95,Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, pp. 81-82
106
Table 3.21 Targets and achievements under the programme prophylaxis againstnutritional anaemia, 1993-94
Women Children
S!. State/UTs/No. Agency
Target(in OOffs)
TotalWomen
%Achvtof
TargetNursing Mothers
Target(ifiOOO's)
No. of %Aehvt.benefi- of Targetciarás
Number %ootof totalwomen
10
I. Major States (Population 1 crore or more)
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.
Andhra PradeshAssamBiharGujaratHaryanaKarnatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraOrissaPunjabRajasthan
1804.0778.6
3158.81298.6596.2
1316.3565.8
2585.62246.1
993.5612.2
1730.3
1742149*526525
NA1370348623114
2042010570484
23445202287789
9615521236432*1395621
96.667.6
NA105.5104.5155.1100.890.7
101.996.8
202.080.7
NA419596
NA222536
NA1404482
NA10658431893529737080817457814744
NA79.7
NA16.2
NA-68.8
NA45.582.876.766.158.4
1631.4702.0
2856.71177.8538.0
1188.6532.0
2281.42049.2
870.0559.7
1545.2
807692*404477
NA1523689647300
2204382NIL
201517035724031193961956825
NA
49.557.6NA
129.4120.3185.5
NILSS.3
174.3137.2171.0
NA
109
Table 3.21 (Contd.)
1
13.14.15.II.1,2,3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.III.1.2.
2
Tamil NaduUttar PradeshWest BengalSmaller States/UTsHimachal PradeshJammu & KashmirMantpurMeghalayaNagalandSikkimTripuraA&N IslandsArunachal PradeshChandigarhD&N HaveliDelhiGoaDaman & DiuLakshactweepMizoramPondicherryOther AgenciesM/O DefenceM/O Railways
All India
3
1266.15634.11881 .B
162.1275.740.660.327.310.072.66.7
26.112.26.4
291.619.12.81.4
24.B17.8
$$$$$$
27525.5
4
615360*$*27510001757119
2549741667534643648750
5029168
751797586
20552172274668
3190732 1 4 6 3 A
55621234
1256315065
94901169504
21515223
5
48.648.893.4
157.360.5
114.480.81.8
91.7103.6113.278.7
141.273.3
109.4112.4198.688.150.784.6
78.2
6
24877**NA
1162076
NANA
37830NANA
9168NA
55321093796654688
NANA
3125NA
126679151
6142978373
8804765
7
4.0NA
66.1
NANA
81.5NANA
100.0NA
72.953.256.1
100.0NANA
56.2NA
100.760.7
64.746.2
58.9B
B
1156.04997.B1710.5
146.8249.9
38.155.125.89.2
66.76.2
23.711.55.8
269.217.92.61.3
22.316.6
$$$$$$
24765.0
9
711486*$*26840001221293
NA1084343063536732
NA6471
561B37362
13763149605945
NA13339A
6243NA
1626714792
55911194663
18524378
10
61.553.771.4
NA43.480.466.7NA
70.384.2
118.75B.1
130.1102.5
NA74.5
240.1NA
72.989.1
74.8
Note : Abbreviations & marks as in Table 3.20SOURCE : Family Welfare Programme in India, Year Book 1994-95, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare 110
Table 3.22 Percentage of mothers with births during the four years preceding thesurvey who know about and have ever used ORS packets,
according to state, India, 1992-93
StateKnow about
ORS packetsHave ever used
ORS packets
India
NorthDelhiHaryanaHimachal PradeshJammu Region of J & KPunjabRajasthan
CentralMadhya PradeshUttar Pradesh
EastBiharOrissaWest Bengal
42.7
74.2S2.869.366.351.720.2
24.336.4
36.343.764.3
25.9
45.328.446.843.928.5
8.3
9.621.4
24.328.850.1
Contó.
111
Table 3.22 (Contd.)
North-eastArurtachal Pradesh 43.8 27.7Assam 53.2 32.1Martpur 85.5 60.1Meghalayà 39.5 19.8Mizoram 74.5 38.0Nagaland 20.1 6.1Tripura 79.5 51.3
WestGoa 55.1 31.9Gujarat 41.2 22.7Maharashtra 46.7 30.9
SouthAndhra Pradesh 31.1 16.3Kamataka 49.3 31.0Kerala 71.3 39.8Tamil Nadu 61.4 32.0
SOURCE: NationalFamityHealthSurvey1992-93,InternationalInstituteforPopulationSciences,Bombay, 1995,p.264
112
Table 3.23 Planwise number of hospitals, dispensaries, primary health centres,sub-centres and beds in India
Plan
1
Hospital
2
Number ofDispensaries Primary Health
Centres3 4
Sub-Centres
5
Bed
6First Plan (1956)Second Ran (1961)Third Ran (1966}Fourth Plan (1974)Fifth Plan (1978)Sixth Plan (1965)Seventh Plan
As on 31.3.86As on 31-3-87As on 31-12-67As on 31-3-88As on 31-3-89As on 1-1-90As on 31-3-90As on 1-1-91As on 31-3-91As on 1-1-92As on 31-3-92As on 1-1-93As on 1.4.93
33073094*1
3727468058157474
983410020
10172
11254
11174
13692
719494068414
113451482625584
2772829045
28304
27994
27431
27403
72525654631528354877284
12934*14281*14609*1644918811
18981
20450
20719
21009
---
335093811584590
92483101549102674109644120767
-130336
-130958
-131464
131470
1,57,0002,30,0003,04,0004,50,0006,56,8505,22,821
-7,18,8557,29,145
6,02,490-
6,19,433-
6,64,035
6,21,376
Note : * Includes Subsidiary Health Centres also" This figure is excluding Bihar & Gujarat State
SOURCE : Health Information India, 1994, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
113
Table 3.24 Number of primary health centres, community health centres,sub-centres, functioning as on 1.4.93
si.No.
State/Union Territory No. of Rural F.W.Centres function-
ing as on 1 .4.90
Primary healthcentres function-ing as on 1.4.93
Communityhealth centresfunctioning as
on 1.4.93
No. ofSub-Centres
functioning ason 1.4.93
1 6
1. Andhra Pradesh2. Arunachal Pradesh3. Assam4. Bihar5. Goa6. Gujarat7. Haryana8. Himachal Pradesh9. J & K10. Karnataka11. Kerala12. Madhya Pradesh13. Maharashtra14. Manipur15. Meghalaya16. Mizoram
420
146587
2518977822691634604283123
128336571220921936394210295131290811821683677938
467971485
170593937193541912961385
7894203528014799175
728422991851170077935094119109377420337244
114
17. Nagaland18. Orissa19. Punjab20. Rajasthan21. Sikkim22. Tamil Nadu23. Tripura24. UttarPradesh25. WestSengal26. A & N Islands27. Chandigarh28. D&NHaveli29. Delhi30. Daman & Diu31. Lakshadweep32. Pondicherry
73141292321538335907365-12815-12
33996472141323
143662
3737154617
m548726
4152104231272102488741Nil2Nil13
244592729648000142
8681530
20153787396123419421479
Total 5435 21009 2289 131470
Note : Figures provided by the Commissioner and Principal Secretary, Human Resource Developmentand Social Welfare, Bihar.
SOURCE : i) Healthlnformationoflndia,1994.ii) Year Book 89-90, Ministry of Hearth and Family Welfare.
115
Table 3.25 Number of dispensaries and beds according to residenceas on 1.1.1993
SI.No.
1
States/UnionTerritories
2
Rural
Dispensaries
3
Beds
4
Urban
Dispensaries
5
Beds
6
Tota)
Dispensaries
7
Beds
8
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.
Andhra PradeshArunachal Pradesh (1992)Assam (1-1-91)Bihar{1992)GoaGujaratHaryanaHimachal PradeshJammu&Kashmir{1-1-89)KamatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraManipurMeghalayaMizoramNagaland
22210
297411308
242040
173583596
143913035239191816
380
3600
134518
1590
565950
25700
18064
811
2816
3214828
1772127
234512126
77913200
14306
960
803038424
0344682
13650000
30311
325427629
7248217194610830
1951256
814342211816
1810
42960
9375402183
0909163
21622
00
18064
116
18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.
OnssaPunjabRajasthanSikkim(1992)Tamil Nadu(1-1-90)TripuraUttar Pradesh (1-1-86)West BengalA & N IslandsChandigarhD & N HavellDaman & DiuDeHiiLakshadvreepPondichenry
Total
1561217
14143147468
1318408
093
1597
111
11080
754849
00
1380
51370006000
38
13000
76245269
0365
6432143
0300
13559
215
16323
60622140
0140
0592
0000000
157
12173
2321462283143512474
1750551
0393
28656
326
27403
1355471
1400
2780
57290006000
195
25173
SOURCE: Health Information of India, 1994, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
117
Table 3.26 Number of hospitals and beds according to residenceas on 1.1.1993
SI.No.
1
States/UnionTerritories
2
Rural
Hospitals
3
Beds
4
Urban
Hospitals
5
Beds
6
Total
Hospitals
7
Beds
8
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.
Andhra PradeshArunachal PradeshAssamBiharGoaGujaratHaryanaHimachal PradeshJammu& KashmirKama ta kaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraManlpurMeghalayaMizoramNagaland
78325115110045
1898
196525
1443245469
2506
21
949116543949301813456800543496
80623015
441036182
10209925
0196257
113011
11722869
218170382
268597118
264649
1110
17300822
8712260722299
5218464853356
14034914330961195968711
63618671108793
1863262268328114
2370785767
2932040363
3115299
1731
267912476
12661290903644
58984702838528202
37929771991814178920
1561186713041050
118
18. Ofissa19. Punjab20. Rajasthan21. Sikklm22. Tamil Nadu23. Tripura24. Utlar Pradesh25. West Bengal26. A & N Islands27. Chandigarh28. D&NHaveli29. Daman & Diu30. Delhi31. Lakshadweep32. Pondicherry
122751506912831132000400
343723301050
0423533525857486164000
25200
1621422035
31913652279113378210
110671234119415575
445451395
446934728141250070150
1857870
2608
2842172185
40825735392313382210
144941467120465575
487801730
472785476757650070150
1877070
2608
Total 4310 122109 9382 474094 13692 596203
SOURCE : Health Information India, 1994, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, p. 119.
119
Table 3.27 Number of doctors in Govt. agencies and average populationserved in different States/UTs 1991
SI.No.
1
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.
States/UTs
2
And h ra PradeshArunachal PradeshAssamBiharGoaGujaratBaryanaH i macha! PradeshJammu & KashmirKarnatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraManipurMeghalayaMizoramNagalandOrissa
Doctors engagedunder Govt Agency
3
1059233
2660NA540
3645NANANA
33974163
NANA684322146202
4965
Population servedper Govt. Doctor
4
1:614711:35361:8750
*1:2166
1:114041:117051:5350
*1:135361:7213
*
1:26751:50001:5401
-1:64178
Period to whichdata relates
5
31-12-9131-12-9031-12-9131-12-9131-12-9131-12-91
--
31-12-9131-12-9131-12-9131-12-9131-12-9131-12-9131-12-9031-12-9131-12-8931-12-91
120
19. Punjab20. Rajasthan21. Sikkim22. Tamil Nadu23. Tri pura24. Uttar Pradesh25. West Bengal26. A & N Islands27. Chandigarh28. D&NHaveli29. Daman & Diu30. Delhi31. Lakshadweep32. Pondicherry
3462NA101
3189673
8630NA122864
1219
NA28
350
1:5642*
1:42971:178791:3822
1:15438*
1:34481:913
1:110001:53461:62331:17141:2174
'31-12-9131-12-9131-12-8931-12-9131-12-903M2-9131-12-9131-12-9131-12-9131-12-9031-12-91
—31-12-9131-12-91
Total 39466
Mote : * Not available, Ratio has been worked out with the Annual estimates of peculation of the yearto whichthe Data relates, Govt. Agency includes Central/State Govt. Hospital, Public Sector UndertakingHospital etc.
SOURCE : Health Information of India, 1994, p.106.
121
Table 3.28 Health man power employed in rural areas, 1994
SI.No.
1
States/UnionTerritories
2
Doctors at P
S
3
.H.Cs.
P
4
S
5
Nurse-Midwives
P
6
Health Assistant(Mate)
S P
7 8
1.2.3.4.S.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.
Andhra PradeshArunacrtal PradeshAssamBiharGoaGujaratHaryanaHimachal PradeshJammu & KashmirKamatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraManipurMeghalayaMizoramNagalandOrissa
191624
5842121
531247*645346158
129011891647325B*
119962829
488
155524
5842121
46936491317158
1104118913472741*
10279
32 (+4)29
418
6109
35® ©NR15
26252415$$464214465*445NR
212989
1150
20394
4809
38 (+3)NR14
19762293460214317420NR
180689740
20386
16105
793NR33
1253505376316862
117116134055
68798428
170
16105
793NR26
1091484366316689
103916133450
68297928
170
122
19. Purçab20. Rajasthan21. Sikkim22. Tamil Nadu23. Tripura24. UttarPradesh25. West Bengal26. A & N islands27. Chandigarh28. O & N Haveli29. Daman & Dili30. Delhi31. Lakshadweep32. Pondicherry
1706205834
2756*161
378716962971016941
16151S5721
2756*119
22631492257516941
868NR0
175125259458692250171680
859NR0
175125259313490220161580
6449280
44181540
16890400
48029
6179280
4120890
16890400
41029
Total 27539 23490 16269 13353 20935 19373
Contó.
123
Table 3.28 (Contd.)
SI.No.
1
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.
States/UnionTerritories
2
Andhra PradeshArunachal Pradesh
'AssamBiharGoaGujaratHaryanaHimachal PradeshJammuS KashmirKamatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraMarapurMeghalayaMizoramNagalandOrissaPunjab
Health Asstt.(Female) LHVs
S
9
187214
5571583
201227629325NR
20911094"18864652
78428631
914773
P
10
173214
3101248
20102340429467$
19101772(*678)13674156
66407531
859746
Health Workers(Male)
S
11
8050179
01761173
489929161849381
59455094$97368100326
0371238628
2852
P
12
7095179
01761152
418921211600377
4958389693287349326
0285238535
2435
Health Workers(Female/ANM)
S
13
7027179
403710041
176728426282109696
tJOOO
50941191611672
488523377238
62412852
P
14
6277179
40377541
176652025052109381
B0535094
1114811158
442416324162
62412852
Per 100upto which1 nun rmfriirtnIIIIUIJ 1 KUIU t
relates to
15
31.03.8731.03.9131.12.8831.03.8531.12.9231.03.9331.03.9331.03.9331.03.8531.12.9131.03.9330.09.8931.03.9331.03.9131.03.9331.03.9331.03.9131.03.9131.03.91
124
20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.
Note
RajasthanSskkimTamil NaduTripuraUttar PradeshWest BengalA & N IslandsChandigarhD & N Have»Daman & DiuDelhiLaksnadweepPondicherry
Total
: NR= Not Received,
82012
224510
18141512
21250
521
20
24388
75512
194731 (+21)
18141447
21230
481
20
22235
40130e
4561562
08652
46++8
2114
2000
76
71651
S = Number sanctioned; P =
3785Oe
3852502
08564
4688
14192
076
63871
8864144
8681525
230298126
10814++3418
1029
106
131996
Number in Position,
8364144
8505517
230298126
10814++3418899
108
124680
31.03.9330.06.9131.03.8231.12.9231.12.9231.03.9331.03.9331.09.9231.12.9231.03.9330.09.8731.12.9131.03.93
e = MPW Scheme is not implimented in Sikkim,& = Total includes 67 posts in position in J & K for which corresponding sanctioned posts are not known,• = Figures includes M.O.s at Allopathic Disp. and ISM Disp. (Figures are provisional)9 @= Figures Relate to the period ending 31.3.86.$$ = Posts of Rural Dispensaries included. * = Exceeding the No. sanctioned.$ = Information relates to the period 30.09.90.- = Sanctioned posts of Health Assistant (F) in PHC are not included,++ = Figures relates to the period ending 31.06.89 (Figures are provisional)
SOURCE : Health Information of India, 1994
125
Table 3.29 Number of couples effectively protected and birth averted in India,1970-71 to 1994-95
Year Couples effectivelyprotected due to ail
methods (in thousand)
Percent Total birthaverted
(in million)
1
1970-711974-751978-791982-831986-871987-881988-891989-901990-911991-921992-931993-941994-95*
9853152832499631457497275418758141614666407164655659467036172552
10.414.822.425.937.539.941.943.344.143.643.545.445.8
1.91723.02994.92815.47099.00089.9555
10.871611.674012.304712.693812.754213.156014.0091
Note: * Figures ProvisionalSOURCE: Year Book 1994-95, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, pp. 126 & 132.
126
Year
1
1970-1971
1971-1972
1972-1973
1973-1974
1974-1975
1975-1976
1976-1977
1977-1978
1978-1979
1979-1980
1980-1981
1981-1982
1982-1983
1983-1984
Table 3.30
Sterilisations
2
1330
2187
3122
942
1354
2669
8261
949
1484
1778
2053
2792
3983
4532
Family planning1971-95 (in
IUDInsertion!
3
476
488
355
372
433
607
581
326
552
635
628
751
1097
2134
acceptors by methods,thousands)
Eq.CC> users
4
1963
2354
2398
3010
2521
3495
3634
3175
3387
2987
3718
4439
5765
7661
India,
EqOPusers
5
32
58
78
82
82
91
120
183
729
TotalAcceptors
6
3769
5029
5B75
4324
4308
6803
12534
4528
5505
5482
6490
8102
11028
15056
Contd.
127
Tabi* 3.30 (Contd.)
1
1984-1985
1965-1986
1986-1967
1967-1986
1988-1989
1989-1990
1990-1991
1991-1992
1992-1993
1993-1994
1994-1995*
2
4085
4902
9043
4940
4678
4181
4126
4090
4286
4494
4580
3
2382
3274
3935
4366
4851
4942
5370
4386
4740
6017
6702
4
8505
9387
9625
11342
12422
14159
14735
13875
15004
17283
17707
5
1290
1358
1829
2064
2416
2793
3125
3366
3001
4302
4873
6
18442
18030$
20632
22702
24368
26082
27356
25717
27031
Note:'Provisional EqCC Users: Equivalent Conventional Contraceptive User
Eq OP Usera: Equivalem Ora) PHIs UsersSOURCE: Family Welfare Programme hi India, Year Book 1994-95, Ministry of Heatth* Family Welfare.
128
Table 3.31 Percentage of ever-married and currently married womenwho have ever used any contraceptive methods by specific
method and age, Delhi, 1992-93
Age Any Any PHI IUDAnymethod
AnyModernMethod
Injec-tion
Condom
115-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4446-49
19.053.276.582.581.778.269.2
18.349571.978.074.471.860.8
5.212.715.814.613.711.36.1
2.613.325.126.024.116.710.0
15-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-49
0.72.5
14.328.929.834.725.0
0.20.81.44.67.1
12.9
3.913.825.125.328.822.3245
2.610.117.617.418.313.618.9
2.05.2
10.913.214.911.011.1
0.60.30.50.40.60.5
1.32.7ai3.63.11.8
13.135.846.643.639234227.4
TotalAge
1
70.9FemaleSterili-zation
8
65.7Male
SteriS-zatton
9
Any trad.n jmenoo
10
12.7Periodfcabstine-
nce
11
19.8WRh
12
0.4Other
mi H Ih.n «la
13
38.1Number
Of wornfin
14153.0631.0790.0651.0497.0354.0380.0
19.8 3.3 22.3 15.4 10.5 2.5 3457
Contó129
Table 3.31 (Contd.)
Currently married women
115-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-49
115-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-49
218.753.477.184.183.581.472.9
72.2
80.72.7
14.329.530.436.026.820.0
9—0.20.81.44.97.6
13.4
3.2
318.049.472.579.576.174.764.2
66.9
44.7
12.616.014.814.011.36.5
12.9
52.7
13.325.328.725.217.711.8
20.6
Currently married women
103.3
13.925.326.029.423.224.922.6
112.0
10.217.817.818.414.019.315.5
122.05.3
11.013.715.211.911.510.8
6—
0.60.30.50.40.60.6
0.5
13__1.32.73.23.83.01.9
2.5
713.336.047.144.640.235.429.0
39.1
14150625782630473328321
3310
Note : Total Includes 1 women age 13-14, who is not shown separately.- : Less than 0.05 percent
SOURCE : National Family Health Survey 1993 International Institute for Population Sciences, Bombay, p. 64
130
Table 3.32 State-wise tubectomy and vasectomy to total sterilisations,1993-94 and 1994-95
SI.
11
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.
State/U.T/Agency
2Major States(Population 1 croreor more)
Andhra PradeshAssamBiharGujaratHaryanaKarnatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraOrissaPunjabRajasthanTamil NaduUttar PradeshWest Bengal
Vasect-omy
3
41957203
6533103651989427735
1239111673422937452908991
323533102
1993-94
Tubect-omy
4
56195227903
301733277203100352355917130438351932528129125809126485200109351067387723351807
% of tubect-omy to totalsterilisation
5
93.199.397.996.498.199.999.496.697.896.797.198.699.792.399.1
Vasect-omy
6
28914376
377887671898485507
1108110757398624902844580
491922046
1994-95*
Tubect-omy
7
54681422074
202410292531101332371050132547390774571697158099123502200274325300467674359145
% of tubect-omy to total
sterilisations
8
95.098.398.297.198299.999.697.298.297.598.098.699.890.599.4
Contd.
131
Table 3.32 (Contd.)
1II.
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.III.1.2.
2Smâller States/UTs
Himachal PradeshJammu & KashmirManipurMeghalayaNagalandSikkimTri puraA & N IslandsArunachal PradeshChandigarhD&N HaveliDelhiGoaOaman & DiuLakshadweepMizoramPondicherryOther AgenciesM/O DefenceM/O Railways
All India
3
44451084
7151
-145051
712968
234523
242
23
48053460
150235
4
34051172362134
857636314
13319174713682966387
364184321
45520
34538284
1813522535
4347215
5
88.594.196.894.4
100.095.799.697.299.595.885.194.099.599.683.399.997.7
79.186.7
96.7
6
4807681
3414
445031109280
228115
141
31
46293369
143866
7
36127147892202
84829991546
13146176117172944522
373744301434
2334758796
1817819221
4435648
8
88.395.698.599.999.997.299.696.399.497.086.794.299.799.885.2
100.099.6
79.785.1
96.9
* Figures ProvisionalSOURCE : Fam^yWetfareProgrEKTirneinfndia.YearBook 1994-95,MinistryoiHealtri&FamilyWelfare
132
Table 3.33 Pattern of investment on health, family welfare, water supply andsanitation (plan outlays) in different plan period in
public sector-centre/States and UTs
St.No.
Period Total PlanInvestmentoutlay of
development
Health Family Sub-Total Water SupplyWelfare &
sanitation
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
2
First Plan (Actuals)(1955-56)
Second Plan (Actuals)(1956-61)
Third Plan(1961-66)
Annual Plan (Actuals)(1966-69)
Fourth Plan (Actuals)(1969-74)
3
1960.0(100)
4672.0(100)
8576.5(100)
6625.4(100)
15778.8(100)
4
65.2(3.3)
140.8(3.0)
225.9(2.6)
1402(2.1)
335.5(2.1)
5
0.1(-)
5.0(0.1)
24.9(0.3)
70.4(1.1)
278.0(1.8)
6
65.3(3.3)
145.8(3.1)
250.8(2.9)
210.6(3.2)
613.5(3.9)
7
11.0(0.6)
74.0(1.6)
105.7(1.2)
102.7(1.6)
458.9(2.9)
Contd.
133
Table 3.33 (Contd.)
1
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
-2 1 • —
Fifth Plan (Actuals)(1974-79)
Sixth Plan (Actuals)(1980-85)
1985-86 (Actuals)
1986-87 (Actuals)
1987-88 (Actuals)
1988-89 (Actuals)
1989-90 (Actuals)
Seventh Plan (Actuals)(1985-90)
1990-91 (Actuals)
3
39426.2(100)
109291.7(100)
33059.9(100)
39149.1(100)
42920.6(100)
48069.8(100)
55530.2(100)
218729.6(100)
58369.35(100)
4
760.8(1.9)
2025.2(1.8)
579.9(1.8)
641.8(1.6)
724.3(1.7)
831.0(1.7)
911.6(1.6)
3688.6(1.7)
1040.8(1.8)
—5
491.8(1.3)
1387.0(1.3)
479.8(1.4)
561.1(1.4)
607.4(1.4)
671.8(1.4)
800.7(1.4)
3120.8(1.4)
782.2(1.3)
6
1252.6(3.2)
3412.2(3.1)
1059.7(3.2)
1202.9(3.0)
1331.7(3.1)
1502.8(3.1)
1712.3(3.1)
6809.4(3.1)
1822.9(3.1)
7
1091.8(2.8)
3977.6(3.6)
1181.1(3.6)
1292.5(3.3)
1469.3(3.4)
1541.7(3.2)
1608.5(2.9)
7093.9(3.2)
1834.0(3.1)
134
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
1991-92 (Actuals)
1992-93(Actua!s)
1993-94 (RE)
1994-95 (RE)
1995-96 (Outlay)
64751.2(100)
72852.4(100)
92628.6(100)
106204.3(100)
128590.0(100)
924.8(1.4)
1213.9(1.6)
1435.5(1.6)
1709.1(1.6)
2173.2(1.7)
1023.3(1.6)
1008.1(1.4)
1273.6(1.4)
1430.0(1.3)
1581.0(1-2)
1948.1(3.0)
2222.0(3.1)
2709.1(3.0)
3139.2(2.9)
3754.2(2.9)
2246.1(3.5)
2286.1(3.1)
2235.0(3.0)
3588.3*(3.2)
—
Note : 1. Figures in brackets indicate percentage to totat (Col. 3)
2. R.E. : Revised Estimates
3. 'Outlay
SOURCE : Economic Survey 1995-96and Planning Commission.
135
ABBREVIATIONS
1.2.3.4.5.
BCGDPTEPIPHCTT
Bacill CalmetteGuennDiphtheria, Pertussis and TetanusExpanded Programme of ImmunizationPrimary Health CentreTetanus Toxoid
136
4. Nutrition
137
Table 4.1 Outlays on central sector nutrition programme In the Eighth Plan
Scheme Seventh Plan(1985-90>
Outlay Expenditure
Annual Plan (1990-91)
Outlay AnticipatedExpenditure
Eight Plan(1992-97)
Outlay
Central
Fortification of 0.80milk with Vitamin - A
Research & Develop- 0.50ment
Quality Control —
Mobile Food andNutrition Extent-ton Units
Integrated Nutrition 2.00Education Scheme
Mass MediaCommunication
0.30
0,02
0.20
0.36
0.21
0.13
0.39
0.07
0.13
0.66
0.42
0.09
0.04
—
0.07
0.76
0.12
0.15
0.30
0.30
—
3.00
0.50
Contd
139
7abte4.í (Contd.)
1
Diet & NutritionSurveys
Sub Total (A)
C entrai ly Sponsored
ProcfuctioiVPfomotionof Nutritious Foodand Beverages
Fortification ofSaftwithlron
Food & NutritionExtenti on Centres(FNECSVFoodProcessing & NutritionCentres (FPNCS)
Sub. Tota! (B)
Total {A+B)
2
0.10
3.40
1.92
2.00
0.85
4.77
8.17
3
—
1.08
0.42
0.39
0.28
1.09
2.17
4
—
1.93
0.95
2.50
0.41
3.86
5.79
5
—
1.10
0.04
0.11
0.06
0.21
1.31
6
—
4.25
0.75
4.40
0.60
5.75
10.00
'Included under Nutrition Education SchemeSOURCE: Eighth HveYearPlan 1991-97, Planning Commission.
140
Table 4.2 Average food intake* (g/day) of individuals by age group, sexphysiological status & activity, 1993-94
Age Sexgroup(years)
1-3 Boys+Girls
4-6 Boys+Girls
7-9 Boys+Girls
10-12 Boys
Girls
13-15 Boys
Girls
16-17 Boys
Girfs
18+ Mate
18+ Females
(NPNL)
(Prog.)
(Lact.)
Activity
Sedentary
Moderate
Sedentary
Moderate
Sedentary
Sedentary
Cereals
146
236
298
356
339
430
410
532
442
475
560
403
493
342
448
Pulses
14
21
23
31
25
31
31
37
34
39
37
33
34
20
35
LeafyVeg.
5
7
12
17
7
15
9
12
9
15
14
12
14
23
16
OtterVeg.
12
22
29
23
32
40
37
38
44
51
48
33
38
25
38
Roots&
Tubers
20
29
33
37
35
47
41
52
41
53
55
47
41
54
48
Huts0-
Seeds
3
5
7
8
7
12
9
12
12
14
14
11
7
15
13
Condi&
Spices
4
7
9
9
10
11
10
12
11
13
14
12
12
11
13
Fruils
12
14
14
15 .-
16
27
19
27
18
32
22
23
15
17
26
Fish
3
5
7
4
8
5
6
10
4
11
9
7
2
11
9
OliverF-
Foods
2
3
3
4
5
2
5
4
5
6
5
5
1
1
6
Milk&M-Prod.
77
68
58
58
58
69
68
65
59
99
72
93
50
62
79
FatsS
Oils
4
7
8
9
9
12
11
13
17
17
14
14
10
15
15
SugarJagg-ery
13
16
16
18
16
19
20
20
17
23
20
22
19
21
20
OtherFoods
8
10
9
9
9
11
10
11
13
14
17
14
15
10
22
Multiplier are not usedSOURCE : NNMB Report Surveys (1996)
141
Table 4.3 Average nutrient intake of children by age group, 1993-94
Age Sexgroup(years)
1-3 Boys+GirlsRDI
4-6 Boys+GirlsRDI
7-9 Boys+GirlsRDI
10-12 BoysRDIGirlsRDI
13-15 BoysRDIGillsRDI
16-17 BoysRDIGirlsRDI
Protein(g)
20.82231.43037.24143.65441.45750.47048.76561.17851.063
Tot-Fat(g)
12.42516.52518.52521.22220.22226.52224.12228.62231.422
Energy(Kcal)
77912401165169014011950165421901564197019912450189220602378264020662060
Calcium(mg)
245400318400371400416600364600431600395600500500452500
tron(mg)
S.61214.01817.62621.43419.13123.94122.02826.25023.830
Vit-A
(Ai9)
141400168400209600255600183600288600227600266600251600
Thiamine(mg)
0.410.60.690.90.821.00.99
1.10.911.01.051.21.011.01.291.31.081.0
Ribo(mg)
0.360.70.481.00.561.20.661.30.591.20.711.50.701.20.861.60.711.2
Niacin(mg)
4.887.4
119.1
1310.71510.41312.51612.21415.61712.814
Vit-C(mg)
14.53021.14026.96029.24025.34037.84030.14036.24031.140
SOURCE : NNMB Report Surveys (1996)
142
Table 4.4 Percentage of 'Severe and Moderate'forms of malnutrition, 1993-94
State
Kerala
Tamil Nadu
Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh
Maharashtra
Gujarat
Madhya Pradesh
Orissa
Boys
25.9
33.4
55.2
52.7
44.2
80.0
67.3
53.2
1 -3 years
Girls
26.6
37.8
50.8
48.5
48.0
53.2
59.5
60.3
Boys
45.3
49.9
55.9
44.5
64.3
66.7
47.0
56.6
3-5 years
Girls
42.9
42.1
51.4
51.0
65.5
72.2
42.0
42.6
Boys
34.4
40.5
55.6
48.6
52.7
74.2
57.9
55.1
1 -5 years
Girls
34.2
39.7
51.1 -
49.6
55.6
61.8
49.6
51.4
* Weight less than 75% of NCHS Standards* Multipliers are not usedSOURCE : NNMB Report Surveys (1996)
143
Table 4.5 Additional allowances during pregnancy and lactation
Fooditems
Cereals
Pulses
Milk
Fat
Sugar
Total
Duringpregnancy
35 g
15 g
100g
-
10g
-
Calories(Kcal)
118
52
83
-
10
293
Duringlactation
60 g
30 g
100 g
10g
10g
-
Calories(Kcal)
203
105
83
90
40
521
SOURCE : National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council for Medical Research
144
Table 4.6 Initiation ofin
State
1
breastfeeding and practice of squeezingdifferent states, India, 1992-93
Percent startedbreastfeeding
within first 1 hourof birth
2
Percent startedbreastfeeding
with 1 dayof birth
3
first milk
Percentage whosemothers squeezed
first mirkfrom breast
4
India
NorthDelhiBaryanaHimachal PradeshJammu Region of J & KPunjabRajasthan
CentralMadhya PradeshUttar Pradesh
EastBiharOrissaWest Bengal
9.5
6.12.7
12.27.15.37.9
11.04.7
1.517.710.8
26.3 63.5"
39.543.942.341.023.730.3
27.711.6
11.836.333.8
71.257.0
U88.092.956.6
U60.9
60.178.8
U
Contd.
145
Taiï/e 4.6 (Contd.)
1
North-eastArunachal Pradesh 40.6 79.8 43.7Assam 20.0 53.2 70.3Manipur 12.1 24.9 69.4Meghataya 8.3 69.1 64.4Mizoram 29.9 68.1 78.8Nagaland 64.3 83.8 49.3Tripura 7.3 28.0 68.9
WestGoa 28.8 44.1 61.9Gujarat 14.0 25.7 57.2Maharashtra • 7.4 18.2 • 70.5
SouthAndhra Pradesh 20.0 27.5 UKamataka 5.4 18.2 61.9Kerala 14.3 77.5 48.5Tamil Nadu 21.8 54.5 U
Note : Table is based on children born in the four years preceding the survey, whether living or dead at the time of theinterview.
U : Not available.' Includes children who started breastfeeding within one hour of birth." Excludes Andhra Pradesh, Himacha! Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal.SOURCE : National Family Health Survey 1992-93, International Institute for Population Sciences, Bombay, 1995, p. 272
146
(DCL
120
100
Fig. 6: Distribution of Children byBreastfeeding (BF) Status According
to Age
< 1 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45
Age in Months
¡ • N o Breastfeeding ^Exclusive BF mBF+Plain Water BBF+Simplements |
Source: National Family Health Survey,1992-93, P. 276
147
Table 4.7 Percent distribution of living children by breastfeeding status, accordingto child's age in months, India, 1992-93
Age inmonths
1
<112345678
• 9 ' "
1011121314
Not breast-feeding
2
4.90.72.40.93.03.83.64.15.65.35.17.1
12.29.6
15.1
Percentage among all living children
Exclusivelybreast-feeding
3
60.558.548.641.935.323.220.211.98.96.84.44.42.82.51.8
Plainwater
only
4
18.220.522.824.525.328.924.621.815.515.211.57.98.74.95.4
Breastfeeding and
Supple-ments
5
15.920.425.932.236.043.751.161.869.572.179.080.476.382.377.6
DKsupple-
ments
6
0.50.40.30.60.40.40.50.50.50.5—0.1—
0.70.1
Totalpercent
7
100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0
Numberof livingchildren
8
60510601141116311901087115711341024959839767956
11561108
148
151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738
13.114.217.222.425.429.134.131.739.243.449.748.055.758.760.661.566.068.565.967.664.271.878.7Til
1.41.81.21.20.60.50.71.30.4—
0.40.40.30.10.70.30.20.4—
0.3—
0.10.30.2
3.53.72.82.21.93.41.64.21.00.80.90.50.80.61.40.31.40.50.40.20.20.30.20.4
81.980.078.474.171.366.963.262.058.455.048.550.342.139.937.037.531.230.232.930.934.627.219.521.5
0.10.20.30.20.80.10.30.91.10.80.60.81.10.70.40.40.90.40.81.11.00.61.20.3
100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0
1129114410811064954907865740749937
1070994890977874916825806818807733885
11011001
Contd.
149
Table 4.7 (Contd.)
1
394041424344454647
2
82.783.780.084.284.384.985.085.185.6
3
0.1—0.20.10.1—
0.1
0.1
4
020.20.10.20.30.20.1—
5
16.815.319.214.514.814.514.614.213.7
6
0.40.80.61.10.60.30.20.50.6
7
100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0-
8
1051908961
1024975921979827801
Note : Breastfeeding status refers to East 24 hours. Children classified as "Breastfeeding and plain water only" receiveno supplements.
DK : Don! know.
—Less than 0.05 percentSOURCE : National Family Health Survey 1992-93, International Institute for Population Sciences, Bombay, 1995,
p. 274.
190
Table 4.8 Introduction of food supplementation by age of childand type of food, India, 1992-93
Age inmonths
1
Infantformula
2
Percentage of breastfeeding children who are :
Receiving supplement
Other Othermilk liquid
3 4
Sold/mushy
food
5
Usingbottle with
a nipple
6
Numberof breas}
feedingchildren
7
1234567891011121314
0.51.02.73.94.46.68.18.39.311.39.09.68.35.75.2
8.112.015.221.226.330.634.939.345.844.445.649.648.248.648.1
10.912.313.315.017.824.730.137.345.750.354.959.559.766.267.3
0.40.82.02.06.19.3
17.230.238.649.655.564.368.273.173.7
4.07.39.511.514.115.315.214.514.411.611.314.110.99.27.8
57510511114115211521042111410859669057967128391043939Contd.
151
Table 4.8 (Contd.)
1516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637
5.07.66.45.76.05.87.84.76.44.13.74.54.84.94.83.54.48.83.03.33.62.55.0
51.649.050.948.352.148.846.151.750.049.250.954.053.046.148.051.955.647.355.945.653.847.155.5
71.874.872.773.373.873.772.972.775.378.477.082.281.571.975.383.179.375.176.480.581.177.673.8
79.081.382.383.284.781.885.980.288.389.288.790.990.589.289.490.892.087.994.591.994.788.694.9
6.17.35.94.05.74.75.94.26.92.85.93.45.14.23.12.44.65.53.21.93.22.12.7
981980892825707643568503448524533509387397342351274250275253255244204
152
38394041424344454647
2.43.33.21.54.13.03.66.05.71.9
46.853.253.045.533.641.342.945.245.838.7
76.282.676.878.379.971.976.179.776.679.8
91.696.393.494.895.095.995.793.694.096.7
2.04.00.1—2.01.61.50.12.00.3
220177143187152148137146119111
Note : Supplementation refers to the last 24 hours. Percentage by type of supplement among breastfeedingchildren may sum to more than 100.0 because children may have received more than one type ofsupplement.
— Less than 0.05 per cent.
SOURCE: National.FamilyHealthSurvey 1992-93,IntemationallnstituteforPopulationSciences,Bombay, 1995.
153
Table 4.9 Median duration and frequency of breastfeedingby states, India, 1992-93
Median durations (months)
State Any breast-feeding
Exclusivebreastfeeding
Full breast-feeding?
Percentage of childrenunder 6 months
breastfed 6+times inlast 24 hours
India 24.4 1.4 4.7
NorthDelhiHaryanaHimachal PradeshJammu Region of J & KPunjabRajasthan
CentraiMadhya PradeshUttar Pradesh
EastBiharOrissaWest Bengal
20.923.021.722.118.424.2
24.724.9
26.627.632.8
0.50.70.70.50.42.9
0.62.5
1.51.20.6
1.72..02.61.42.66.5
5.75.4
7.53.71.7
91.6
87.690.284.988.292.791.2
82.795.5
94.995.188.6
154
North-eastArunachai PradeshAssamManipurMeghalayaMizoramNagalandTripura
WestGoaGujaratMaharashtra
SouthAndhra PradeshKamatakaKeralaTamil Nadu
27.827.828.518.418.221.233.8
16.519.723.0
26.421.423.516.9
4.03.13.80.51.60.71.2
0.40.60.7
2.63.22.11.9
5.13.64.10.55.05.41.8
0.65.15.5
4.94.62.12.6
96.895.594.668.697.3
100.089.0
75.295.390.1
88.993.993.175.6
1 Medians and means are based on current status.
2 Either exclusively breastfed or received breast milk and plain water only.
SOURCE : National Family Health Survey, 1992-93, International Institute for Population Sciences, Bombay, 1995,p.279
155
Table 4.10 Nutritional status of children (0-3) years in ICDS andnon-ICDS areas, 1990
Type of No. ofproject children
assessed
ICDS
Nutritional Status
No.ofchildren
assessed
Non-ICDS
Nutritional Status
Normal Gradei Grade II Grade III Normal Gradei Grade II Grade 111& IV & IV
10 11
Rural
Tribal
Urban
3209
1771
1202
1164(36.3)
582(32.9)
448(37.3)
1164(36.3)
601(33.3)
414(34.4)
err(21.0)
466(26.3)
242(20.1)
204(6.3)
122(6.9)
98(8.1)
375
208
153
130(34.7)
65(31.2)
34(222)
140(37.3)
67(32.2)
61(39.8)
71(18.9)
60(28.8)
44(28.7)
34(9.0)
16(7.6)
14(9.1)
Ail 6182 2194 2179 1385 424 736 229 268 175 64(35.5) (362) (22.4) (6.8) (31.1) (36.4) (23.7) (8.6)
Note : ¡CDSSampieN = 7034,Rural3699,Tribal2050,Urban1285Non-ICDS N = 994, Rural 519, Tribal 292, Urban 183Figures in parentheses are percentage of children
SOURCE : National Evaluation of ICDS - A National Survey 1992
156
Table 4.11 Nutritional status of children (3-6) years in ICOS and non-ICDSareas, 1990
ICDS Non-ICDSType ofproject Total No.of Nutritional Status Total No.of Nutritional Status
no.of children no.of childrenchildren weighed Normal Grade I Grade II Grade III children weighed Normal Grade I Grade II Grade III
& IV & IV
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
518 338 102 139 74 23(65.3) (30.2) (41.1) (21.9) (6.8)
297 219 68 79 60 11(73.7) (31.1) (36.1) (27.4) (5.0)
179 132 30 62 36 4(73.7) (22.7) (47.0) (27.3) (3.03)
All 6992 5992 2152 2326 1275 240 994 689 200 280 170 38(85.7) (35.9) (38.8) (21.3) (4.0) (69.3) (29.0) (40.6) (24.7) (5.5)
Note : Figures in parentheses are percentage of children
SOURCE : National Evaluation of ICDS - A National Survey 1992.
157
Rural
Tribal
Urban
3662
2055
1275
3069(83.8)
1762(85.7)
1161(91-1)
1113(36.3)
628(35.6)
411(35.4)
1211(39.5)
655(37.2)
460(39.6)
629(20.5)
409(23.2)
237(20.4)
117(3.8)
70(3.9)
53(4.6)
Table 4.12 Among children under four years of age, the percentage classifiedas undernourished according to three anthropométrie Indices ofnutritional status, by demographic characteristics, India, 1992-93
Demographiccharacteristic
1
Child's age< 6 months6-11 months12-23 months24-35 months36-47 months
SexMaleFemale
Birth order12-34-56+
Percent-age
below-3SD
2
2.814.126.325.921.6
20.221.0
17.419.523.726.8
Weight-for-age
Percent-age
below-2SD1
3
15.643.363.462.258.5
53.353.4
49.452.257.759.8
Numberof
children2
4
44064792956084068643
1820B17599
97191520968484031
Height-for-age
Percent-age
below-3SD
5
5.714.330.734.640.7
28.429.4
24.827.332.636.6
Percent-age
below-2SD1
6
15.734.356.660.266.7
52.351.7
48.149.856.660.0
Weight-for-height
Percent-age
below-3SD
7
2.02.95.62.51.8
3,72.6
3.03.23.62.9
Percent-age
below-2SD1
8
9.515.728.016.611.6
18.816.1
16.517.419.117.4
Numberof
children3
9
32253176694560336204
1304012543
66301063451253194
158
Prevlousbfrthinterval*
First birth< 24 months24-47 montfis48+ months
Total
17.523.321.520.7
20.6
49.556.955.251.5
53.4
97626106
147135227
35807
24.833.130.426.4
28.9
48.156.953.947.3
52.0
3.03.72.93.6
3.2
16.516.318.019.2
17.5
66644549
106773694
25584
deviation units (SD) from the median of the International Reference Population. The percentages of children who aremore than three and more than two standard devialon umtebetow the median of the Internationa) Reference Population(-3SD and -2SD) are shown according to selected characteristics.1 Also includes the children who are more than 3 standard deviations below the International Reference Populationmedian2 Number of children for calculation of Weight-for-age.3 Number of children for calculation of height-tor-age and weigtit-for-height, excluding Andhra Pradesh, HimachalPradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal.' In the case of first-born twins, both twins are counted as first births because neither has a previous birth interval.SOURCE : National Family Health Survey 1992-93, International Institute for Population Sciences, Bombay, 1995,
p. 283.
159
Fig.7: Undernutrition Among ChildrenBelow Four Years of Age
India Urban Rural
| •Stunted E3Underweight aWastedb
Note: Ptfcwitayt of Children more thstitwo standard deviations below theof Inlefnafloftfll Reference Population
SounuNaHenal FwnHr H H U I Sumy,1M3-SJ.PJST
160
Table 4.13 Among children under four years of age, the percentage classified asundernourished according to three anthropométrie indices of
nutritional status by state, India, 1992-93
State
1
India
WeigM-for-age
Percentagebelow-3SD
2
20.6
NorthDelhi 12.0Haryana 9.0Hknachal Pradesh 12.9Jamnui Region of J & K 13.8Punjab 14.2Rajasthan 19.2
CentralMadhya PradeshUttar Pradesh
EastBiharOrissaWest Bengal
25.324.6
31.122.720.6
Percentagebelow -2 SD1
3
53.4
41.637.947.044.545.941.6
57.459.0
62.653.356.4
Hetght-for-age
Percentagebelow -3 SD
4
28.9
19.3'19.3
U18.615.726.6
U35.6
39.525.2
U
Percentagebelow-2 SD1
5
52.0
43.246.7
U40.840.043.1
U59.5
60.948.2
U
Weight-for-height
Percentagebelow-3 SD
6
3.2
2.70.6
U3.42.85.2
U2.7
4.13.6
U
Percentagebelow-2 SD1
7
17.5
11.95.9
U14.819.919.5
U16.1
21.8
U
Contó.
161
Table 4.13 (Contd.)
1
North-east
Arunachal PradeshAssamManipurMeghaJayaMizbramNagalandTripura
WestGoaGujaratMaharashtra
SouthAndhra PradeshKamatakaKeralaTamil Nadu
2
14.518.77.2
17.25.37.6
18.6
8.917.621.3
15.619.46.1
13.3
3
39.750.430.145.5
~28.128.748.8
35.050.154.2
49.154.328.548.2
4
27.926.316.038.416.013.221.3
11.025.323.5
LJ22.79.0
U
5
53.952.233.650.841.332.446.0
32.548248.5
U47.627.4
U
6
3.61.71.24.80.62.30.7
2.43.74.2
U2.61.3U
7
11210.88.8
18.92.2
12.717.5
15.316.920.2
U17.411.6
U
Note : Figures are for children born 1 -47 months prior to the survey. Each oí the indices is expressed in standard deviationunits <SD) from the median of the International Reference Population. The percentages of children who are more than threeand more than two standard deviation units below the median of the International Reference Population (-3SD and -2SD)are shown according to selected characteristics.U : Not available because children's height/length was not measured.'Also includes the children who are more than 3 standard deviations from the International Reference Population median.SOURCE : National Family Health Survey, .1992-93, International Institute for Population Sciences, Bombay, 1995, p.286
162
Table 4.14 Distribution (%) of preschool children by SO classificationcriterion : height for age, 1993-94
Age(yrs)
1-3
3-5
1-5
Sex
Boys
Girls
Pooled
Boys
Girls
Pooled
Boys
Girls
Pooled
N
471
495
966
425
441
866
896
936
1632
Below-3SD
41.1
43.9
42.1
26.1
31.3
2B.8
33.5
38.0
35.8
-3SDto-2SD
25.3
23.2
24.2
33.0
28.3
30.5
28.9
25.6
27.2
- 2 S Dto- 1 S D
17.0
18.6
17.6
27.3
22.0
24.6
21.9
20.2
21.0
- 1 SDtoMad.
12.1
11.1
11.6
9.6
14.1
11.9
10.9
12.5
11.7
>=Med
5.5
3.2
4.3
4.0
4.3
4.2
4.8
3.7
4.3
Pooled data of 8 States
Note : Multipliers are not used.
* : Using NCHS standards.
SOURCE : NNMB Report Surveys, (1996).
163
Table 4.15 Distribution (%) of preschool children by SD classificationcriterion : weight for age, 1993-94
Age(yrs)
1-3
3-5
1-5
Sex
Boys
Girls
Pooled
Boys
Giiis
Pooled
Boys
Girls
Pooled
N
471
495
966
425
441
866
896
936
1832
Below-3SD
26.1
29.9
28.1
18.6
23.1
20.9
22.5
26.7
24.7
-3SDto-2SD
37.8
30.3
33.9
46.2
42.7
44.4
41.7
36.2
38.9
- 2 S Dto-1SD
25.9
26.5
26.2
27.5
26.5
27.0
26.7
26.5
26.6
- 1 SDtoMed.
7.2
10.3
8.8
5.6
6.6
6.1
6.5
8.5
7.5
>=Med
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.1
1.1
1.6
2.6
2.1
2.3
Pooled data of 8 States
Note : Multipliers are not used.
* : Using NCHS standards.
SOURCE : NNMB Report Surveys, (1996).
164
Table 4.16 Distribution (%) of preschool children by SD classificationcriterion : weight for height*
Age(yrs)
1-3
3-5
1-5
Sex
Boys
Girls
Pooled
Boys
Girls
Pooled
Boys
Girls
Pooled
N
471
495
966
425
441
866
896
936
1832
Below- 3 S D
3.0
2.8
2.9
2.1
2.3
2.2
2.6
2.6
2.6
- 3 S Dto- 2 S D
16.1
12.9
14.5
16.7
10.7
13.6
16.4
11.9
14.1
- 2 S Dto- 1 SO
40.7
42.1
41.5
49.7
47.3
48.6
45.0
44.5
44.7
- 1 SDtoMed.
30.6
28.5
29.5
21.6
29.5
25.6
26.3
28.9
27.7
>=Med
9.6
13.7
11.7
9.9
10.2
10.0
9.7
12.1
10.9
Pooled data of 8 States
Note : Multipliers are not used.
* : Using NCHS standards.
SOURCE : NNMB Report Surveys, (1996).
165
Table 4.17 Per cent Prevalence of Nutritional Deficiency Signs - Children,1993-94
States
Number
NAD
Oedema
Marasmus
Bitot Spots
Angular Stomatitis
Number
NAD
Bitot Spots
Angular Stomatitis
Dental Fluorosis
Goitre : (Palpable)
Kerala
172
98.9
-
-
-
-
204
83.8
0.5
-
-
1.5
Tamil-Nadu
242
89.9
-
0.4
0.8
2.8
Age
255
72.9
6.3
9.S
1.2
-
Karna-taka
AndhraPradesh
Maha-rashtra Gujarat
Age Group : 1 - 5 Years (Boys & Girls)
276
93.5
-
-
0.4
1.5
Group : 5
384
78.2
2.9
4.2
4.2
2.9
230
88.7
-
0.4
-
1.8
-12 Years
319
79.9
2.2
5.6
2.2
-
266
93.2
-
-
1.5
1.2
(Boys & i
378
74.3
1.6
1.9
-
-
203
97.0-
-
-
-
3irls)
240
82.9
1.3
1.3
1.7
-
MadhyaPradesl-
216
75.4
1.4
1.4
5.6
5.0
323
70.5
5.9
8.4
1.5
7.4
i Orissa
223
89.2
-
1.3
0.4
1.4
361
74.8
1.9
4.4
0.3
-
Pooled
1828
88.6
0.2
0.4
1.1
1.7
2467
72.9
2.8
4.5
1.5
1.5
Note : Multiplies are not used.
SOURCE : NNMB Report Surveys, (1996).
166
Table 4.18 Per cent Prevalence of Nutritional Deficiency Signs - Adolescents,1993-94
Slates KeralaTamil- Kama- Andhra Maha-Nadu taka Pradesh rashtra
MadhyaGujarat Pradesh Orissa Poded
Age Group: 12-18 Years (Boys)
NumberNAD
Bitot Spots
Angular Stomatitis
Dental Flu o rosis
Goitre : Palpable
Visible
Total
Number
NAD
Bitot Spots
Angular Stomatitis
Dental Fluorosis
87
83.8
2.3
2.3
1.1
4.6
2.2
6.8
114
85.8
-
-
-
7485.7
10.8
6.8
1.4
-
-
-
99
82.9
2.0
4.0
2.0
11177.5
0.9
1.8
4.5
3.6
-
3.6
Age Group
157
79.0
0.6
-
3.2
7788.3
1.3
1-3.1.3
-
-
-
: 1 2 -
88
87.5
-
-
—
10984.4
-
0.9
-
-
-
-
7188.7
-
1.4
-
-
-
18 Years (Girls)
92
85.9
2.2
1.1
—
92
93.5
-
1.1
—
10669.8
2.8
4.7
2.8
10.3
-
10.3
110
70.0
2.7
3.6
—
8589.4
2.4
5.9
-
-
-
-
98
90.8
-
3.1
—
72080.1
2.4
2.9
1.7
2.6
0.2
2.8
850
82.8
0.9
1.5
0.8
Contd.
167
Goitre :
Total
Palpable
Visible
7.0
2.2
8.8
Table 4.18 {Contd.)
8.3
8.3 - -
9.1
9.1
3.7
0.2
3.9
Note : Multiplies are not used.
SOURCE : NNMB Report Surveys, (1996).
168
GLOSSARY AND ABBREVIATIONS
1. ICOS : Integrated Child Development Services
2. ECMR : Indian Council for Medical Research
3. Nutritional : (¡) Normal-90% or more of standard weight
Grade (ii) Mild-between 75% to 90% of standard weight
(iii) Moderate-between 60% to 75% of standard weight
(iv) Severe-60% or below of standard weight
4. N.N.M.B. : National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau
5. N.A.D. : No abnormality Detected
6. N.C.H.S. : National Centre for Health Statistics
7. N.I.N. : National Institute of Nutrition
169
5. Education and Literacy
Year
1
1961
1961
1971
1981
1991
Table S.1 Literacy rates In1951-1991
Persons
2
16.67
24.02
29.45
43.67
52.21
Males
3
24.95
34.44
39.45
56.50
64.13
India,
Females
4
7.93
12.95
18.69
29.85
39.29
NOTE : I. Literacy ratesfor 1951,1961 and 1971 related to population aged fiveyears and above. The rates for the years 1981 and 1991 related to thepopulation aged seven years and above.
2. Censuscouldnotbeconductedln1981 InAssamandln 1991 inJammuand Kashmir.
SOURCE : Annual Report, 1996-97, Part-I, Govt. of India, Departmentof Education,Ministry of Human Resource Development, New Delhi, p.250
173
Table 5.2 Distribution of literatas and Illiterates among population agsd 7 y*ar andabove by tsx and aro, 1961-Í981
(tarnlKtor*)
Year/Atea Parson» Mai»
1981*
All Areas
Rural Areas
Urban Areas
19Ô1**
All Areas
Rural Areas
Urban Areas
234.15(43.6)
146.60(36.1)
87.55(67.3)
349.76(525)
218.32(44.5)
131.44(73.1)
157.06(56.5)
103.51(49.7)5337(76.8)
223.70(64.2)
146.38(57.8)
77.32(«10)
77.07(29.8)43.09(21.8)
33.98(56.4)
126.06(39.2)
71.94(30.3)
54.12(63.9)
302.06(58.4)
25958(63.9)
42.47(32.7)
320.41
(•7.8)271.81(55.5)
48.00(26.9)
120.96(43.5)
104.80(S0.3)
16.16(23.2)
124.77(35.8)
106.89(42.2)
18.08(19.0)
181.10(70.2)
154.79(78,2)
26.31(43.6)
196.64
165.12(69.7)3052(38,1)
Excludes Assam where 1981 Censu* w u not held." Exclude» Jammu & Kashmir where 1981 Csraus was not heW. Literacy ratse and numbwr of
¡ll'rterates for 1991 arafeuwf on «t im««d population aged 7 yura and above.Note : Figures In parenthesis indtcats- percsntage to lhe correspenoVtg popularon.SOURCE : Annual Report, 1996-97, PirW, Qovt. cX India, Daptt. of Educafion, 1997,
Ministry of Human Resource Development, New Dethi, p. 251
174
Table 5.3 Parcantaga of literates to actfmatad population agad 7yr» andatoova ki Statea/Unlon Terrttoriaa 1981 & 1991
si.No.
1
1.
2.
3.4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
•13.
14.
15.
StataUnjonTwritofws
2
AndhraPradwh
ArunachalPfadaah
Assam
Bihar
GoaGujarat
Haryana
Himachai Pradesh
Jammu& Kashmir
KamsMca
Kwaia
Madhya Piadssri
Maharaahtra
Mantaur
18!Pwwns
3
3546
25.55
0.00
32.05
66.71
5221
43.88
51.18
32.68
462181.56
3423
55.83
49.66
42.05
BtUtam&n
4
46J3
35.12
0.0044.60
7 M 1
65.14
5831
64.27
44.18
69.73
87.73
46.42
68.66
84.15
46.96
mrwtñmEÍ
s24.16
14.02
0.00
16.62
§6.17
38.46
26.93
37.72
1836
33.17
75.66
19.00
41.01
34.67
37.17
1991UtameyrataaPWWHW
6
44.09
4139
52.88
38.48
7531
6129
55.85
63.86
0.00
56.04
86.81
4420
64J7
59^9
49.10
MstH W*
7
55.t3
51.45
61.87
52.49
83.64
73.13
69.10
75.36
0.00
6726
93.62
58.42
76.96
71.93
53.12
malM
9
32.72
28,69
43.03
2 2 «
67.0948.64
40.47
52.13
0.0044248*172aas52,32
47.89
44MConU,
IT»
Table S.3 (Contd.)
1
16.17.16.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.
2
MizoramNagalandOrissaPunjabRajasthanSikkimTamil NaduTripuraUttarPradeshWest BengalA & N IslandsChandigarhD & N HaveliDaman & DiuDelhiLakshadweepPondicherry
INDIA
3
7426502840.9748.1730.1141.5954.3950.1133.3548.6563.1974.8132.7059.9171.9468.4265.14
43.67
4
79.3658.5656.45555644.7753.0068.0561.4947.4559.9370.2978.8944.6474.4779.2881.2477.09
56.50
5
68.6140.3925.1439.7014.0027.3840.4338.0117.1936.0753.1969.3120.3746.5062.6055.3253.03
29.85
6
822761.6549.095651385556.9462.6660.4441.6057.7073.0277.8140.7171.2075.2981.7874.74
52.21
7
85.6167.6263.0965.6654.9965.7473.7570.5855.7367.8178.9982.0453.5682.6682.0190.1883.68
64.13
8
78.6054.7534.6850.4120.4446.6951.3349.6525.3146.5665.4672.3426.9859.4066.9972.8965.63
39.29
Note : Census were not conducted in Assam in 1981 and J & K in 1991.SOURCE : AnnualReport,1996-97,Part-l,Govt.oflndia,DepartmentofEducation,1997,
Ministry of Human Resource Development, New Delhi, p. 252
176
Table 5.4 Growth of recognised educational institutions,1950-51 to 1995-96
Year Primary Upper Primary
1
1950-51
1960-61
1970-71
1980-81
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94 P
1994-95 P
1995-96 P
209671
330399
408378
494503
560935
565786
571248
572923
581305
590421
13596
49663
90621
118555
151456
152077
158498
155707
163605
171216
P = ProvisionalSOURCE : Annual Report 1996-97
Ministry of Human Resource Development,Department of Education, p. 257
177
Table 5.5 Distribution of teaetwre by type of school,1950-5110 1996-97
(in thousands)
Year
1
Male
2
Primary
Female
3
Total
4
Male
5
Upper Primary
Female
6
Total
7
1950-51
1900-61
1970-71
1980-81
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93*
1993-94*
1994-95*
1995-96*
1996-97*
*
SOURCE :
466
615
835
1021
1143
1144
1137
1196
1181
1187
1205
82
127
225
342
473
492
514
507
S33
553
585
538
742
1060
1363
1616
1636
1651
1703
1714
1740
1790
=ProvisionalSelected Educational Statistics, 1996-97
73
262
463
598
717
714
709
710
732
756
768
13
83
175
253
365
376
370
390
409
428
86
345
638
851
1073
1079
1085
1080
1122
1165
1196
178
Tabla 5.6 Prognes of enrolment at primary ami middle level by sex InIndia, 1»50-51 to 19*6-97
(MNtenpeasM)
Year
1
Primary Level (Class I-V)
(Age 6-11 Years)
Boys Girls
2 3
Tola
4
Middle Ltfvsl (Qaas VI-VIII)
(Age 11-14 Years)
Boys Girts Total
5 6 7
1950-51
1960-61
1970-71
1980-81
1990-91
1991-92
1902-93
1993-94*
1994-95*
1995-96*
1996-97*
13.8
23.8
35.7
45.3
57.0
59.6
60.5
61.6
62.3
62.4
625
5.4
11,4
21.3
28.5
40.4
42.3
44.9
46.4
46.8
47.4
47,9
195
36.0
57.0
73.8
97.4
109.9
105.4
108.2
109.1
109.8
110.4
2.6
5.1
9.4
13.9
21.5
22.0
23.7
24.2
245
25.0
24.7
0.5
1.6
19
6.8
1£5
13.6
15.0
157
15.8
16.0
16.3
3.1
ft7
1O3
20.7
34.0
35.6
38.7
39.2
41.0
41.0
Contd
179
Table 5.6 (Contd.)
1 2 3 4
Enrolment as percentage of the corresponding age-group
1950-51
1960-61
1970-71
1980-81
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94*
1994-95*
1995-96*
1996-97*
60.6
82.6
95.5
95.8
114.0
112.8
118.1
115.3
114.8
114.5
98.7
24.8
41.4
60.5
64.1
85.5
86.9
92.7
92.9
92.6
93.3
81.9
42.6
62.4
78.6
80.5
100.1
102.2
105.7
104.5
104.0
104.3
90.6
5
20.6
33.2
46.5
54.3
76.6
75.1
80.5
79.3
79.0
79.5
70.9
6
4.6
11.3
20.8
28.6
47.0
49.6
53.8
55.2
55.0
55.0
52.8
7
12.7
22.5
33.4
41.9
62.1
62.8
67.5
67.7
67.2
67.6
62.4
* Provisional
SOURCE: Selected Educational Statistics, 1996-97
100
Table 5.7 Enrolment ratio at primary and middle level by sexin States/Union Territories, 1995-96
SI.No.
1
State/UnionTerritories
2
Classes I-V (6-11Yrs.)
Boys Gills Total
3 4 5
Classes VI-VIN {11-14 Yrs.)
Boys Girls Total
6 7 6
1. Andhra Pradesh
2. Arunachal Pradesh
3. Assam
4. Bihar
5. Goa6. Gujarat
7. Haryana
8. Hlmachal Pradesh
9. Jammu & Kashmir
10. Kamataka11. Kerala
12. Madhya Pradesh
13. Maharashtra
99.6115.5
133.4
93.0
90.6
158.3
66.4
108.4
88.6
131.1
98.4
112.9
125.5
69.9103.9
124.0
55.4
100.5
106.B
84.8
113.7
72.2
123.5
95.4
88.9
120.2
94.9110.0
128.8
75.1
95.1
131.4
85.6
110.8
81.2
127.4
96.9
101.4
122.9
57.361.3
91.6
47.5
95.1
81.1
70.9
112.7
73.3
78.1
105.1
91.6
92.4
41.845.2
65.9
21.9
84.1
61.5
56.7
90.5
46.8
66.8
101.5
43.3
77.2
49.753.3
79.1
35.3
89.6
71.6
64.2
101.8
60.5
72.6
103.3
68.4
85.0
Confer.
181
Table 5.7 (Contd.)
1
14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.
2
ManipurMeghatayaMzoremNagalandQrissaPunjabRajasthanSikMmTamil NaduTripuiaUttar PradeshWest BengalA &N islandsChandigarhD&NHavaliDamanS DiuDelhiLakshadweapPondtcherry
INDIA
3
93.1195.3112.6120.6113.492.4
129.3104.2159.3122.7104.3128.676.636.4
121.093.067.7
125.3117.2
114.5
4
100.3125.4124.8135.578.290.775.3
118.4145.6124.472.0
122.369.240.4
162.7ae.677.8
125.3133.3
93.3
5
96.4114.4118.1127.395.691.5
103.4110.6152.6123.589.1
12S.572.938.2
112.790.872.1
125.3124.5
104.3
6
69.451.667.352.573.074.079.950.5
118.266.872.3
102.873.536.459.292.571.1
112.0
nao79.5
7
63545567.751.239.865.032.050.899.557.034.991.568.634.940.884.767.3812
108.6
54.9
8
66.448.687.551.965269.756.950.7
109.162.054.797271.135.6SO*83.769.398.6
111.3
67.6
SOURCE : Annual Report, 1996-97, Part-1, Govt. of India,
Ministry of Human Resource Development, Department of Education, New Delhi, p-262 182
Table 5.8 Number of inatltutions and enrolment in pre-primary/pre-baaic stagein States/Union Territorio, 1ÔÔ5-96
(As on 30 September, 1996)
Si.No.
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
State/Union Territory
2
Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Goa
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Karnataka
Kerala
MacBiya Pradesh •
Maharashtra
Pre - primary/Pre-bastc
Schools
3
17
137
482
1
0
2521
27
10
0
4347
261
1789
23733
Boys
4
JSInM
16581
12961
18182
0
96793
11827
425
22129
207694
7965
69433
375422
Enrotrrwrt
Girls
5
46648
13215
10279
9100
0
70286
8975
281
16148
177/93
7150
92562
320449
Total
6
105314
23796
23240
27282
0
167079
20502
706
38278
285487
15115
161995
695871Coatí.
183
Table 5.8 (Contd.)
1
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.27.
28.
29.
30.
31.32.
2
Manlpur
MeghalayaMizoram
Nagaland
OrissaPunjab
RajasthanSikkim
Tamil NaduTripura
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
A & N Island
Chandigarh
Dadra & Nagar Have)!
Daman & Oiu
Delhi
Lakshadweep
Pondlcherry
INDIA
3
1
0
0
0
0
2
28723
7
3406
45
0
23
0
0
19787
9
178
38553
4
41930
721280
38441
0
17837
010424
265
85420
23341
0
2662
5978
0
731
59958
6208282
1267094
5
35720
67830
0
36756
0
12781
0
9522
196
85801
14850
0
2574
4665
0
-527
63795
577
6825
1115307
6
77650
139958
0
75197
0
30618
0
19946
461
171221
381910
5236
106430
1258
123753
1197
15107
2382401
SOURCE:Selected Educational Statistics, 1996-97, PP.24&33 184
Table 5.9 Elementary education : projected enrolment for eighth plan (1992-97)
(Figures in Crores)
SI.No.
1
1.
State
2
Elem. Edn
a) Primary (I-V)
b) Upper Primary(Vl-Vlll)
Population by1997
Total
3
16.64
10.53
6.11
Female
4
8.09
5.12
2.97
Population withoverage/underage
children
Total Female
5 6
19.14 9.30
12.11 5.89
7.03 3.41
Enrolmentachieved upto
1991-92
Total Female
7 8
13.53 5.54
10.09 4.24
3.44 1.30
Addnl. Populationto be enrolled by
1997
Total
9
5.61(67%)
2.02(82%)
3.59(59%)
Female
10
3.76
1.65
2.11
SOURCE : Eighth Five Year Plan, 1992-47, Planning Commission, Govt. of India, p. 286.
185
Table 5.10 Eighth Plan (1992-97) targets-additional enrolment-elementary and adult education
SI.No.
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
State/UnionTerritory
2
Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
Khar
Goa
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Kamataka
Kerala
Primary (Classes I-V)
Girls
3
1475
12
244
4032
3
72
173
58
62
215
129
Total
4
2588
27
500
8400
6
108
275
125
150
434
252
Upper PrimaryClasses(VI-VIII)
Girls
5
840
14
384
1008
5
475
180
29
85
98
42
Total
6
1400
36
800
2100
9
1100
300
66
227
197
80
ElementaryClasses(I-VHI)
Girls
7
2315
26
628
5040
8
547
353
87
147
313
171
Total
8
3988
63
1300
10500
15
1208
575
191
377
631
332
AdultEducationage 15-35
years
9
7778
175
4500
9400
100
4300
5711
800
600
6000
§00
186
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Mantpur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
NagaSand
Orissa
Punjab
Rajasthan
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Tripura
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
Total (States)
2310
600
12
15
112
16
247
80
2180
5
215
13
866
801
13775
3460
1400
29
30
25
32
600
190
2647
11
425
25
2480
1638
25857
1796
300
36.70
22
12
17.50
142
54
621
7
491
36
530
1359
858420
2396
750
6B.20
51
29
34
416
127
1565
16
1142
89
1930
2788
17716.20
4106
900
48.70
37
24
33.50
389
134
2729
12
706
49
1396
2160
22359.20
5856
2150
97.20
81
54
66
1016
317
4212
27
1567
114
4410
4426
43573.20
5500
9200
23
262
32
23
130
5000
11000
4
7800
400
16700
8559
104977
Contd.
187
Table 5,10 (Contd.)
1
26.
27.
28.
29.
3D.
31.
32.
2
A & N Islands
Chandigarh
Dadra & Nagar Have/i
Daman & Diu
Delhi
Lakshadweep
Pondicherry
Total (UTs)
Total (States & UTs)
3
4.00
4.80
0.05
0.50
38.00
0.05
3.00
50.40
13825.40
4
9.00
10.10
0.11
1.00
96.00
0.20
6.00
122.41
25979.41
5
2.00
3.80
0.03
0.50
24.00
0.05
1.80
32.18
«616.38
6
6.00
8.10
0.13
1.00
85.00
0.10
4.00
104.33
17820.53
7
6.00
8.60
0.06
1.00
62.00
0.10
4.80
82.58
22441.78
8
15.00
18.20
0.24
2.00
181.00
0.30
10.00
226.74
43799.94
9
10
26
15
20
750
12
30
863
105840
SOURCE : Eighth Five Year Plan, 1992-97, Planning Commission, Govt. of India, p.319
188
Table 5.11 Drop-out rates at primary and middle stage by sexin States/Union Territories, 1995-96 (Provisional)
1. Andhra Pradesh2. Arunachal Pradesh3. Assam4. Bihar5. Goa6. Gujarat7. Haryana8. Himachal Pradesh9. Jammu & Kashmir
10. Karnataka11. Kerala12. Madhya Pradesh13. Maharashtra14. Martipur*15. Meghalaya"
56.2755.4939.8361.46
1.5635.495.78
20.1853.1334.884.93
28.0621.7935.0459.61
54.3652.4641.7564.039.45
41.157.32
2741.4835.72
1.9933.2327.3636.3
62.53
55.4454.1940.6962.375.39
38.026.48
23.4348.3635.283.49
30.2524.4
35.6461.07
SI.No.
1
State/Union Territories
2
Boys
3
Classes {I to V)
Girts
4
Total
5
Classes (I to VIII)
Boys Girls
6 7
Total
8
71.1170.1668.5875.9610.4453.7626.449.63
50.1354.020.32
45.9642.3
70.6648.76
74.8669.8373.2181.7619.2162.7636.55
2772.4
66.690.52
64.8252.7770.8948.13
72.7370.0270.6677.9514.7357.7830.9917.8459,2460.150.42
54.0447.2470.7748.46
Contó.
189
Table 5.11 (Contd.)
1
16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.
2
MizoramNagalandOrissa*PunjabRajasthanSikkimTamil NaduTrip uraUttar PradeshWest BengalA & N IslandsChandigarhDadra & Nagar HaveliDaman & DiuDelhiLakshadweepPondicherry
INDIA
3
57.7139.9352.3822.8650.5761.9714.8853.4922.3149.937.84
30.6831.2110.2418.150.424.07
37.92
4
72.2831.4
53.7922.52
5653.7416.9757.2722.9466.8413.4330.9850.8
11.7630.537.377.06
41.31
5
57.235.9B53.24
22.752.3858.1715.8555.2422.5358.7210.5630.8239.5710.9624.373.165.49
39.37
6
69.7142.9960.9
39.0776.2
69.2828.6
73.3932.2867.4723.4218.4659.3310.4930.3526.875.25
54.99
7
67.4545.2
72.8442.7882.1564.9837.1174.4648.8674.1924.9
17.1866.55
15.715.2633.18
0.29
61.7
8
68.6544.0865.6740.7878.1
67.3332.5473.8838.1169.0824.1317.8662.2912.8823.0329.882.69
57.77
SOURCE : Annual Report, 1996-97, Part-I, Govt. of IndiaDepartment of Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development, New Delhi, pp. 267 & 268
* Decrease is due to exclusion of enrolment of class I-A from class I and considered against pre-primary in 1991-92** Increase is due to students in classes A & B (age 6 and above) promoted in class-l as per new Education Structure
w.e.f. 1991-92.
190
Table 5.12 Status reports of the ICDS as on 30th June, 1996(Service-Education) (State Sector Projects)
Si.No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.10.
11.
12.
Projects
State/Union Sanctioned TargetTerritory uptill (Sane.
31.3.96 uptill31.3.95)
Andhra Pradesh
Gujarat
Haryana
9
15
48
Jammu & Kashmir 22
Kamataka
Kerala
Mizo ram
Rajasthan
Tamil Nadu
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
Delhi
All india.June 1996
30
24
2
17
318
8
17
2
512
g
15
48
22
30
24
2
17
318
8
17
2
512
Fullyopera-tional
9
15
48
22
30
24
2
17
317
8
17
2
511
Repor-ting
9
15
47
20
30
24
2
17
302
8
17
2
493
Inter-rup-ted
0
3
0
5
0
0
0
2
0
2
1
0
13
No. ofAngamvadis
Repor- Provi-ting ding
Service
840
2002
6320
1175
5938
2820
104
1560
984(CNC;
648
1638
200
24229
829
1217
6302
1172
5689
2837
104
1393
Boys
13788
19587
122858
9548
93766
23572
1220
23698
) 926 606568
502
1631
200
11170
27287
312S
22802 956190
Total Number of Children AttendingP re-School Education
Aver-ageperAW
16.63
16.09
19.50
8.15
16.48
8.31
11.73
17.01
-
22.25
16.73
15.64
41.93
Girls
14096
22135
114452
8900
92880
23049
1276
23129
12259
10626
27128
3004
352934
Aver-ageperAW
17.00
18.19
Totalchild-
ren
27884
41722
18.16 237310
7.59
16.33
8.12
12.27
16.60
-
21.17
16.63
15.02
18448
186646
46621
2496
46827
618827
21796
54415
6132
15.481309124
Aver-ageperAW
33.64
34.28
37.66
15.74
32.81
16.43
24.00
33.62
-
43.42
33.36
30.66
57.41
SOURCE: Department of Women and Child Development, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Govt. of India, New Delhi.
191
Tabl» 5. í3 Statu» reports of the ICDS as oft 30th September, 1997(Service-Education) (Central Sector Projects)
SI. State/Union SanctionedNo. Territory uptill
31.3.96
1. Andhra Pradesh
2. Arunachal Pradesh
3. Assam
4. Bihar
5. Goa
6. Gujarat
7. Haryana
8. Hirriachal Pradesh
9 Jammu & Kashmir
10. Karnataha
11. Kerala
12. Madhya Pradesh
363
51
224
598
11
227
114
75
128
185
164
486
TargetSane.uptill
31.12.95
23745
83
323
11
227
114
72
113
185
120
335
Projects
Fullyopera-tional
23745
83
323
11
227
114
72
113
185
120
335
Repor-ting
177
32
86
259
11
124
105
43
73
183
118
294
Intar-upted
21
9
53
63
1
21
6
3
17
6
1
63
No. ofAnganwadls
Repor-ting
23155
1513
9484
21980
1039
19190
12045
4934
5670
37468
14910
32801
Provi-ding
service
21846
1578
9318
20246
851
12517
11911
4913
6163
37298
14771
31877
192
13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.
MaharashtraMarri purM&ghalayaMizo ramNagalandOrissaPunjabRaj as thanSíkkimTamil NaduTripuraUttar PradeshWest BengalA & N IslandsChandigarhDelhiDadra and N. HaveliDaman & DiuLakshadweepPondicherry
32632302153
324123270
543423
935396
53
291215
27432302135
27990
1945
43223
580294
53
291215
27432302135
27990
1945
43823
5tO2»4
53
291215
18124302124
22671
1625
11119
378239
52
281215
52
1723
197
31074
4835
1000000
289512951179412031490
200398562
19450445
100312170
3253329219
461212
36611258740
672
277322440178010511362
196996331
19104445
97852169
2899629660
347200
36611258755
536
AH India 5614September 1997
4200 4200 3040 443 348285 330854
Conta.
its
Table 5.13 {Contd.)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
State/UTs
Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Goa
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Boys
348156
17903
137505
398622
5971
208552
235870
36800
52785
587195
150228
568013
627326
35594
21001
17372
Total No. of Children Attending Pre-school
Averageper AW
15.94
11.35
14.76
19.69
7.02
16.66
19.80
7.49
8.56
15.74
10.17
17.82
22.62
14.59
11.80
16.53
Girls
352137
17296
130270
350134
6436
236326
213924
36648
47230
595565
152150
474387
615387
37821
21407
17105
Averageper AW
16.12
10.96
13.98
17.29
7.56
18.88
17.96
7.46
7.66
15.97
10.30
14.88
22.19
15.50
12.03
16.27
education
TotalChildren
700293
35199
267775
748756
12407
444878
449794
73448
100015
1182760
302438
1042400
1242713
73415
42408
34477
Averageper AW
32.06
22.31
28.74
36.98
14.58
35.54
37.76
14.95
16.23
31.71
20.48
32.70
44.81
30.09
23.82
32.80
194
17.18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
NagalandOrissa
Punjab
Rajasthan
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Tripura
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
A & N Islands
Chandigarh
Delhi
DadraandN.Haveli
Daman & Diu
Lakshadweep
Pondicherry
All India Sept. 1997
38065267476
132407
278310
3140
142830
29277
590648
460584
5854
3765
75291
2512
1267
1981
4376
5486736
27.9513.58
15.89
14.57
7.06
14.60
13.50
20.37
15.53
16.87
18.82
20.57
20.10
14.56
36.02
8.16
16.58
36483270363
111882
243507
3068
139672
28518
546967
460549
5889
3897
68535
2648
1453
2063
4480
5234197
26.7913.72
13.43
12.75
6.89
14.27
13.15
18.86
15.53
16.97
19.48
18.72
21.18
16.70
37.51
8.36
15.82
74548537839
244289
521817
6208
282502
57795
1137615
921133
11743
7662
143826
5160
2720
4044
8856
10720933
54.7327.30
29.32
27.31
13.95
28.87
26.65
39.23
31.06
33.84
38.31
39.29
41.28
31.26
73.53
16.52
32.40
SOURCE : Department of Women and Child Development, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Govt.of India, New Delhi
195
Table 5.14 Budget expenditure (Revenue account)of education 1995-96
SI.No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
State/Union Territory
1
Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Goa
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Budgeted Expenditure(Revenue Accounts)
Plan
2
305.49
34.00
445.67
234.88
26.66
57.34
162.12
106.46
Non-PlanIs. In crores)
3
2112.01
39.49
571.87
1810.51
91.47
1791.55
500.11
268.86
' Total
4
2417.50
73.49
1017.54
2015.39
118.13
1818.89
662.23
375.32
Popu-lationAs on
(1-3-96)(In'000)
5
72155
998
24726
93055
1341
45548
18553
5769
Per capitaBudgetted
Expendi-ture
(in Rs.)
6
335.04
736.37
411.53
219.80
880.90
405.92
356.94
650.58
Percentageof BudgettedExpenditure
on Educationto totalBudget
(RevenueAccount)
7
22.20
15.24
27.37
24.32
19.12
22.56
13.12
20.26
196
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
18.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
Jammu & Kashmir
Karanataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Manlpur
MeghEdaya
Mizoram
Nagaland
Orissa
Punjab
Rajasthan
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Trlpura
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
75.42
474.87
134.41
455.95
315.62
28.S6
61.75
14.81
19.3S
230.19
197.60
394.41
20.00
272.75
65.27
488.73
288.09
313.20
1449.28
1614.91
1773.50
3049.45
123.83
74.41
56.41
97.14
788.76
755.41
1356.72
29.48
2202.79
131.06
2971.37
2231.72
338.62
1924.15
1749.32
2229.45
3365.07
152.71
136.16
73.22
116.53
1018.95
953.01
1751.13
50.28
2475.54
196.33
3460.10
2459.81
8384
49344
30965
74185
86S87
2112
2041
736
1403
34440
22367
49724
468
59452
3171
156692
74801
452.73
389.95
564.93
300.53
388.63
723.06
667.12
919.85
830.58
295.86
426.08
352.17
1074.36
416.39
619.14
220.82
329.73
16.93
21.16
29.85
23.04
20.07
30.06.
22.68
17.03
15.18
19.92
12.69
21.92
8.89
24.61
21.88
19.18
25.53
Contd.
197
Table 5.14 (Contó.)
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
A & N Islands
Chandigarh
D & N Haveli
Daman & Dili
Delhi
Lakshadweep
Pondicherry
India
9.19
17.72
2.95
2.65
156.43
1.90
25.69
5068.09
28.81
65.03
4.22
5.66
396.90
8.57
43.34
26759.84
38.00
82.75
7.17
8.31
553.33
10.47
69.03
31827.93
323
742
159
117
11321
50
930
934218
1176.47
1115.23
450.94
710.26
488.76
1745.00
742.26
340.69
12.81
23.73
11.10
14.65
29.36
9.10
17.64
21.48
SOURCE: Selected Educational Statistics, 1996-97,Department of Education, Govt. of India, p. 65.
198
-L -L -L -L IO 03 ~*¡M N> -"• O "
-o ï fi" S. w s sI 5i I(D
(D(O63
(D <0 <Û (D <O(fi V (O (O (OM • • U M O) ÍS
S3 SS M U
•-J - i - . N> O•^ —* 00 <D CD 2 Í3
o o o o o o ( D o o c o r o
2ICÕ'
E0 sII1 82 "°
g F* œS â S.
l O m
Oi
3]2.5T
Q. S.O O
il
oac
IIesS. "D
¡5"
O.
CO
OC
O
33CCD
3]CD
ort
CO<O01
CD*sl
Pro01
OCD
• oW
3CD
O
mCLc
seso_ZJ
Qovei
33ent<
o
5"Q.
S'
* ®
"0 »mX•oCD
Q.
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Si
mQ.
n01tio
nb
>
coffCD(A0)CL
OCDtre
ALL
Zo•p,
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M
en
coao®
aouCOen2*
3.2
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M N M M I O N M I O K
~ . 03ca <I>õT ^3 IO
0)CLC
fll Cflg- »
3
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è
gUi
Ôo
6, Child Development andWelfare Services
201
Table 6.1 Statewise number of ICDS projects sanctioned uptill 31.3.96
SI. No.
1
Name of the State/UTs
2
CentralSector
3
Number of Projects
StateSector
4
Total
5
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Goa
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Manipur
Meghalaya
35451
224598
11
2126675
106
1551404863263230
90000
1546
022
30240000
363
51
224
598
11
227
114
75
128
185
164
486
326
32
30
Contó.
203
Table 6.1 (Contd.)
16.17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
M izo ramNaga! and
Orissa
Punjab
Rajasthan
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Trip ura
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
A & N Islands
Chandigarh
Dadra & N Haveli
Delhi
Daman & Diu
Laks had weep
Pondicherry
1953
324
123
253
5
116
23
927
349
5
31
27
2
1
5
20
0
0
17
0
318
0
8
17
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
2153
324123
270
5
434
23
935366
531
29
2
1
5
All India, June 96 5102 512 5614
SOURCE : Department of Women and Child Development.
204
Table 6.2 Number of beneficiaries for supplementary nutrition in IntegratedChild Development Services during 1995 and 1996
Si. No. Item June 1995 March 1996
1. No. of projectsSanctioned
2. No. of AnganwadisProvidingSupplementary Nutrition
3. No. of BeneficiariesreceivingSupplementary Nutrition
3908
2.70 (Lakhs)
260 (Lakhs)
5614
2.86 (Lakhs)
213 (Lakhs)
SOURCE : Department ofWomen and Child Development
208
Table 6,3 Statewise allocation of wheat based supplementary nutritionprogramme for pre-schoot children and nursing/expectant
mothers during 1996-97
SI. No. State/UTs. Quantity of WheatAllocated (In Mts)
1.2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Andhra PradeshBihar
- Modern Food Industries
India Ltd.
Daman & Diu
Gujarat
Haryana
Karnataka
- Agro Cron Products Ltd
-Toto Foods Ltd.
- Nandi Agro Pvt. Ltd.
- Modern Food Industries
India Ltd.
Madhya Pradesh
- Modern Food Industries
India Ltd.
24,000
4,650
30
14,000
1,300
38,000
17,000
7,200
12,000
1,800
1,020
1,020
206
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
ManipurNagatand
Orissa
Punjab
Rajasthan
Tamil Nadu
Uttar Pradesh
- Modren Food Industries
India Ltd.
4,9436,000
26,238
998
4,500
9,500
4,500
4,500
Tota) 1,39,679
SOURCE : Department 01 Women and Child Development.
207
Table 6.4 Implemtntatjon of nutrition feeding programme in Balwadis bydifferent organisation in India, 1989-90 to 1996-97
SI.
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
No. Year
2
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
No. ofCentres
3
265
265
265
265
265
265
265
265
Kastufba Gandhi NationalMemorial Trust
No. ofBenefi-ciarias
4
9374
9374
9374
9374
9374
10600
10600
10600
Expenditure(in lakhs)
5
19.19
25.21
20.04
20.48
20.46
38.36
37.51
38.04
No.ofCentras
6
304
304
304
304
304
304
304
304
Bharatiya AdimjatiSevak Sangh
No. ofBenefi-ciaries
7
12160
12160
12160
12160
12160
12160
12160
12160
Expenditure(in Lakhs)
8
25.24
26.68
24.58
24.42
24.42
48.96
45.04
46.13
Contó.
20*
Table 6.4 (Contd.)
SI. No.
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Year
2
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
Indian Council of Child Welfare
No.ofCentres
9
803
803
803
803
803
803
803
803
No.ofBenefi-ciaries
10
32120
32120
32120
32120
32120
32120
32120
32120
Expenditure(in Lakhs)
11
59.10
59.92
55.68
61.45
61.45
138.28
133.39
137.80
No. ofCentres
12
331
331
331
331
331
331
331
331
Harijan SevakSangh
No.ofBenefi-ciaries
13
13240
13240
13240
13240
13240
13240
13240
13240
Expenditure(in Lakhs)
14
27.51
25.70
27.65
24.48
24.48
53.93
54.41
50.83
Contd.
20»
Table 6.4 (Contd.)
SI.No.
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Year
2
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
Central Social Welfare Board
No. ofCentres
15
3938
3936
3938
3938
3938
3938
3938
3938
No. ofBenefi-ciaries
16
157520
157520
157520
157520
157520
157520
157520
157520
Expenditure(in Lakhs)
17
235.70
227.95
239.04
236.17
236.17
674.13
455.57
305.04
SOURCE rDepartment of Women and Child Development
210
Table 6.5 Implementation of programme of creches for children of workingand ailing mothers by Central Social Welfare Board in States/UT's 1995-96
SI. No. States/Union
1
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.
Territories
2
Andhra PradeshAssamBiharGujaratHaryanaHimachal PradeshJammu & KashmirKarnatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraManipurMeghalayaNagaland
No. ofInstitu-tions
3
413791389203818
203368383251208166
--
No. ofUnits
4
9977950
73314037155
458563990
1009217182
--
No. ofBenefi-ciaries
5
2405019751250
183253250927511509850
136502462524975
54254200
-
AmountSanc-tioned
Amountreleased
(Rs.in Lakhs)
6
177.7814.609.24
135.4623.9568.568.50
72.81100.90179.36184.6240.1031.05
-
7
153.8315.499.36
148.8122.2375.488.08
73.64111.13184.03188.4242.9834.00
-
Contó.
211
Table 6.5 (Contd.)
1
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
2
Ofissa
Punjab
Rajasthan
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Tripura
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
Arunachal Pradesh
Delhi
Goa
Mizoram
A&N Islands
Chandigarh
Laks had weep
Pondicherry
Total
3
342
43
146
39
307
73
321
331
9
24
14
135
49
10
3
66
4163
4
384
168
397
115
831
137
750
491
30
129
34
138
76
26
3
87
9640
5
8500
4175
9475
2875
20675
3425
18025
12275
750
3075
850
3450
1900
650
--
2175
234275
6
62.83
30.86
70.04
21.25
152.67
25.31
133.24
90.74
5.54
22.73
6.28
25.50
14.04
4.80
--
16.08
1728.84
7
15.59
24.22
79.69
19.43
160.95
26.72
125.92
90.16
4.61
24.67
4.74
27.63
12.90
3.99
--
17.02
1705.72
SOURCE : Annual Report, Central Social Welfare Board, 1995-96
212
Table 6.6 Implementation of welfare extension projects by the Central SocialWelfare Board in India during the year 1995-96
SI.No. Name of the Stats/Union Territories
1 2
No. ofProjects
3
No. ofCentres
4
No. ofBenefi-ciaries
5
AmountSanctioned
6
Amountreleased
7
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Bihar
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Meghafaya
Rajas than
18
10
7
1
8
134
81
64
6
48
4020
2430
1920
180
1440
~
17.85
28.39
2.46
17.32
18.82*
21.34
23.9
2.81
20.07
Total 44 333 9990 66.02 86.94"
The release is made to the Bihar State Board on thebasis of approved budget of 1991-92 and 1992-93Including an advance of Rs. 6,94,000/- for the year 1996-97
SOURCE : Central Social Welfare Board
213
Table 6.7 Statement showing State-wise sanctions/releases made under theAnnual Grants-in-Aid Programme during the year 1995-96
S.No.
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
State/Union Territories
2
Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Manipur
Meghalaya
Nagaland
No. ofInstitutions
3
39
12
18
63
64
36
21
31
87
61
40
81
25
23
10
No. ofBeneficiaries
4
—
600-
-
4433
1725--
1769
4342
--
5621
6110
625
--
AmountSanctioned
5
3.00
1.00
2.00
2.86
3.00
2.50
2.50
2.00
3.45
2.50
2.48
3.51
2.50
1.00
1.00
Amountreleased
6
2.89
1.43
1.00
4.25
4.69
4.16
2.39
1.00
5.45
4.30
1.50
3.88
3.59
1.63
1.67
214
16.17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
OrissaPunjab
Rajasthan
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Tr¡ pura
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
A & N Islands
Chandigarh
Delhi
Goa, Daman & Diu
Lakshadweep
Mizoram
Pondicherry
18035
42
10
125
78
47
225
35
16
46
9
--
657
6
72001539
--
689
6897
2175
—
12714
--
-
2210
449
--
1949
269
5.953.00
2.60
1.00
2.62
2.19
2.99
5.40
1.50
0.86
2.81
0.83
--
2.50
0.60
4.905.154.391.556.004.665.012.242.241.193.131.561.104.251.70
Total 2122 61316 70.14 94.88
SOURCE : Central Social Welfare Board, Annual Report 1995-96, p. 28
215
Table 6.8 Number of juvenile homes/observation homes/specialhomes/after care institutions, 1996-97
S.No.
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Stale/UnionTerritories
2
Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Goa
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Manipur
Meghalaya
Observa-tion
3
g
1
7
10
2
25
3
--
22
12
22
45
1
1
JuvenileHomes
4
5
1
25
8
2
5
3
1
ig
5
2
101
2--
SpecialHomes
5
2
--
1
5
2
2
1
1
-
2
3
3
1
--
AftercareInstitu-tions
6
1
--
1
2--
14
1
--
11
--
1
3
--
--
Total
7
17
2
34
25
6
46
8
2
52
19
28
152
4
1
216
15.16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
MizoramNagaland
Orissa
Punjab
Rajasttian
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Tri pura
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
UNION TERRITORIES
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
A & N Island
Chandigarh
Dadra & Nagar Haveli
Daman & Diu
Delhi
Lakshadweep
Pondicherry
3
--
12
7
11
1
14
1
59
7
-
1
--
—
3
--
1
31
2
2
4
—
17
1
10
19
—
1
--
—
11
--
1
—1
--
1
1
--
3
--
1
4
-
1
_
--
--
*
1
62
14
12
16
1
37
2
70
36
14
Total 260 251 36 46 613
SOURCE: Annual Report, Ministry of Welfare, 1996-97
217
Table 6.9 Number of Borstal schools, their capacity and daily averagepopulation during the year 1994-95
S.No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
State/UnionTerritory
Andhra Pradesh
Bihar
Haryana
H i macha! Pradesh
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Punjab
Tamil Nadu
Total
No. ofInstitutions
3
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
13
Totalcapacity
303
100
195
30
183
150
408
143
300
405
2217
Daily averagepopulation
64
68
NA
5
1.5
23
150
32
NA
28
NA
NA : Not availableSOURCE : National Institute of Social Defence (NISD)
218
Table 6.10 Number of inmates admitted in and discharged from Borstal schoolduring the year 1994-95
S.No.
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
State/UnionTerritory
2
Andhra Pradesh
Bihar
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Punjab
Tamil Nadu
Total
No. of inmatesat the beginningof the year
3
62
65
NA
5
3
20
149
26
214
28
572
No. of inmatesadmittted duringthe year
4
32
201
NA
NA
NA
16
78
6
201
24
558
Total
5
94
266
NA
5
3
36
227
32
415
52
1130
No. of inmatesreleased duringthe year
6
32
211
NA
5
2
12
86
8
202
16
574
No. of inmatesat the end ofthe year
7
62
55
NA
-
1
24
141
24
213
36
556
NA : Not AvailableSOURCE : National Institute of Social Defence (NISD)
219
Table 6.11 Juveniles apprehended in India age groupe and sex during 1ttS
SI. Crime HeadNo.
1 2
A. IPC CRIME
1. Murder
2. Attempt to commit murder
3. C.H. Not amounting to murder
4. Rape
5. Kidnapping & Abduction
(i) of Women & Girls
(¡i) of Others
6. Dacoity
7. Preparation & Assembly forDacoity
8. Robbery
9. Burglary
7-12 Years
Boys
3
28
13
1
15
22
4
18
2
0
2
263
Girls
4
2
2
1
0
2
0
2
0
0
0
11
12-16 Years
Boys
5
221
172
11
158
97
41
56
57
6
81
1432
Girls
6
13
7
0
1
13
7
6
0
0
1
34
16-18Years
Girlsonly
7
41
34
12
2
27
22
5
0
0
7
50
Overallage
Group
Boys
8
249
185
12
173
119
45
74
59
6
B3
1695
Girls
9
56
43
13
3
42
29
13
0
0
8
95
TotalBoys*Girls
10
305
228
25
176
161
7487
59
6
91
1790
220
10. Theft
11. Riots
12. Criminal Breach of Trust
13. Cheating
14. Counterfeiting
15. Arson
16. Hurt/Grievous Hurt
17. Dowry Death
18. Molestation
19. Sexual Harassment
537
86
2
12
0
0
59
0
0
1
20. Cruelty by Husband or Relatives 8
21. Other IPC Crimes
22. Total Cognizable Crimes
322
1373
50
9
0
7
0
0
5
0
0
0
3
93
185
2512
735
292B0
15680
287
15
166
2422
8926
70
48
1
1
1
238
1
0
1
39
301
572
174
351
1
10
0
5
410
25
6
1
150
835
2141
3049
821
31
40
0
15
739
287
16
174
2744
10299
294
408
2
18
1
7
453
26
6
2
192
1229
2898
3343
1229
33
58
1
22
1192
289318
3QO
3973
13197Under IPC
Conttt.
221
Table 6.11 (Contd.)
SI. Crime HeadNo.
1 2
7-12 Years
Boys Girls
3 4
12-16 Years
Boys Girls
5 6
16-18Years
Girlsonly
7
Overallage
Group
Boys
8
Girts
9
TotalBoys +Girls
10
B.SLL CRIME
1. Arms Act
2. Narcotic Drugs & PSY.Substances Act
3. Gambling Act.
4. Excise Act
5. Prohibition Act
6. Explosives & Subs.Explosive Act
7. Immoral TrafficPrevention Act
8. I ndian Railways Act
9. Registration ofForeigners Act
40
11
2
50
0
02
0
2
23
0
4921
277
68
196
5
02
0
4
19
0
18
0
75
494
0
5321
288
70
246
5
112
0
81
536
0
5433
288
151
782
5
54 54 56
20
20
76
00
08
96
28
1114
222
10. Protection of Civil Rights Act11. Indian Passport Act
12. Essential Commodities Act
13. Terrorist & DistruptiveActivities Act
14. Antiquity & Art Treasure Act
15. Dowry Prohibition Act
16. Child Marriage Restraint Act
17. Indecent Representation ofWomen (P) Act
18. Copywright Act
19. Sati Prevention Act
20. SC/ST Prev. of Atrocities Act
21. Forest Act
22. Other SLL Crimes
23. Total Cognizable CrimeUnder SLL
C. GRAN0TOTAL(A+B)
112
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1692
1774
3147
04
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
8
45
230
22
3
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
4
0
1624
2469
11395
00
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
18
46
618
12
0
0
0
25
0
0
0
0
2
0
592
1262
3403
314
3
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
4
0
3516
4243
14542
16
0
0
0
28
0
0
0
0
6
0
618
1353
4251
420
3
0
0
31
0
0
0
0
10
0
4134
5596
18793
Note: 7-12 Years Means 7 Years & Above but below 12 Years of Age etc.
SOURCE : Crime in India, 1995, p. 209
223
Tabla ff.12 Juveniles apprehended under différant SLL crimes by age groupand a n during 1995 (State & UT-wise)
SI. State/UTs.No.
1 2
STATES
1. Andhra Pradesh
2. Aruriachal Pradesh
3. Assam
4. Bihar
5. Goa
6. Gujarat
7. Haryana
8. Himachàl Pradesh
9. Jammu & Kashmir
10. Karnataka
11. Kerala
7-12 Years
Boys
3
0
0
10
5
1
74
0
0
0
6
0
Girl»
4
0
0
4
0
2
21
0
000
0
12-16 Years
Boys
5
47
0
2
34
0
229
33
0
0
14
0
GMt
6
6
0
0
3
0
20
0
0
0
0
0
16-18Years
GÏrïsonly
7
322
0
228
0
483
0
0
0
18
0
Overallage
Group
Boys
8
47
0
12
391
303
33
0
0
20
0
Girls
9
328
0
631
2
524
0
0
0
18
0
TotalBoys +Girls
10
375
0
18
70
3
827
33
0
0
36
0
224
12. Madhya Pradesh13. Maharashtra
14. Manipur
15. Meghalaya
16. Mizoram
17. Nagaland
18. Orissa
19. Punjati
20. Rajasthan
21. Sikkim
22. Tamil Nadu
23. Trtpura
24. Uttar Pradesh
25. West Bengal
Total (States)
765
0
0
0
0
0
22
0
1599
0
2
0
1773
680
0
0
00
0
3
0
1
0
0
0
45
509
209
0
0
2
0
3
836
0
1315
09
3
2453
09
0
0
0
01
0
20
3
0
0
0
44
11457
0
0
5
6
0
0
13
0
190
0
0
27
125S
516274
0
0
2
0
3
1036
0
2914
0
11
3
4226
12074
0
0
5
6
1
0
18
0
164
0
0
27
1344
636
348
0
0
7
6
4
10
56
0
3096
0
11
30
5570
ConW.
Table 6.12 (Contd.)
1 2
UNION TERRITORIES
26. A & N Islands
27. Chandigarh
28. 0 & N Maveli
29. Daman &Diu
30. Delhi
31. Laks had weep
32. Pondicherry
Total (UTs.)
Total (All-India)
3
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1774
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
45
5
0
0
0
0
16
0
0
16
2469
6
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
46
7
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
7
1262
8
0
0
0
0
17
0
0
17
4243
9
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
9
1353
10
0
0
0
0
26
0
0
26
5596
Note : 7-12 Years means 7 years and above but below 12 years of age etc.
SOURCE: Crime in India, 1995, p. 215
226
Table 6.13 Juveniles apprehended by sex for committing crime under IPC andspecial local laws during 1994
SI.No.
1
State/UTs
2
Crimes underSpecial Local
Law
Boys Girls
3 4
Total(Boys+
Girls)
5
Boys
6
CrimesUnder
IPC
Girls
7
Total(Boys+
Girls)
8
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.
StatesAndhra PradeshArunachal PradeshAssamBiharGoaGujaratHaryanaHimachal PradeshJammu & KashmirKarnatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraManipur
3780
30240
3323300
252
329469
2
16109
1190
371000
220
2116825
5390391430
7033300472
35063727
4711518967129937118531825269
24621959
1
3790
48312
142814332
0104
10265382
0
85015
23798343
12181618518
35679
27272341
1Contd.
227
Table 6.13 (Contd.)1
15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.
2
MeghalayaMizoramNagaiandOrissaPunjabRajas thanSikklmTamil NaduTripuraUttar PradeshWest Bengal
Total (States)Union Territories26.27.28.29.30.31.32.
A & N IslandsChandigarhD & N HavsliDaman & DiuDelhiLakshadweepPondicherry
Total (UTs)
Total (AH India)
3
00044
250
3519070
5183
0000800
8
5191
4
045
600
390
185000
1171
0000700
7
1178
5
045644
640
3704070
6354
0000
1500
15
6
174026
1635
5250
324206213
8439
31626
1750
20
222
BM1
7
027
960
1830
30602
2135
2001
3500
38
2173
8
176735
1695
7080
354286215
10574
51627
2100
20
260
10834
SOURCE : Crime In India, 1094, pp. 204-205.228
Tabla 6.14 Juvenil** appr*ti*nd*d under different(SMa/UT-wlM)
crím** during 1895
S . StattAJTs. Arms tttrcofc Qmtt- E r a »Mo. Act DruoU frig Act fen
Subtt- Act Actnew Act
INTO- MfcnS M t i rift* RM-E)(*>- {He wtpsin (PIMM- ActSub*. Don) ActAct
RegM- Prêtée- MtaEiMn-nton tan of Pie»- Wol Rw- CM Port Commo-Ignm Rights Act OttwAct Act Act
9 10 11 12 13 14
State*
1. Andhra Pradesh 02. ArunacheJ Pradesh 03. Assam 04. Bihar 205. Goa O6. Gujarat 07. Haryana 18. Himachal Pradesh 09. Jammu A Kashmir 010. Karnataka 011. Kerala 012. Madhya Pradesh 27
00000100000
400
100
28110010
13. Maharashtra14. Manipur
12 149S 680 0
7000400
190020
2600
410000
539000000
1060
00000000000120
400700000
160000
00000120000800
00000000000100
00000000010030
00
1600000000000
00000000000110
Contd.
229
Table 6.14 (Contd.)
1 2
15. Meghalaya16. Mizoranri17. Nagaland18. Orissa19. Punjab20. Rajasthan21. Sikkim22. Tamil Nadu23. Tripura24. Uttar Pradesh25. West Bengal
Total (States)
Union Territories:26. A & N Islands27. Chandigarh28. D & N Haveli29. Daman &Diu30. Delhi31. Lakshadweep32. Pondteherry
Total (UTs)
Total {All India)
3
00000100030
52
0000200
2
54
4
05120200020
30
0000300
3
33
5
00008900000
288
0000000
0
288
6
00200
1700000
140
0000
1100
11
151
7
0030000
93000
782
0000000
0
782
8
000002
- 00000
5
0000000
0
5
9
0000000
23000
50
0000600
6-
56
10
00000000000
11
0000000
0
11
11
0200000000
11
14
0000000
0
14
12
00000000000
4
0000000
0
4
13
00002200000
20
0000000
0
20
14
00000100000
3
0000000
0
3
Contd.
230
Table 6.14 (Contd.)
9,No.
1
State/UTs
2
Terro-rist &Disrup-tiveActiv-itiesAc!
15
Anti-Quity¿ArtTrea-sure Act
16
DowryProhi-bitionAd
17
CNIdMarri-ageRest-raintAct
18
Indec-entRepresenta-Sonof womenCPDAct
19
copyRightAct
20
SaS-preve-nrjonAct
21
SC/STPrev.ofAtro-cíiesAct
22
ForestAct
23
OlhefSLLCrimes
24
TotalCOGCrimesUnderSLL
25
States
1. Artdhra Pradesh
2.. Arunachal Pradesh
3. Assam
4. Bihar
5. Goa
6. Gujarat
7. Haryana8. Himachal Pradesh
9. Jammu& Kashmir
10. Karnataka
11. Kerala12. Madhya Pradesh
13. Maharashtra
14. Manipur
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
24
0
0
0
0
0
1
01
0
0
0
0
0
NR
0
NR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
NR
0
NR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0NR
0!NR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0NR
0 .
NR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
NR
0
NR
0
0
0
0
04
0
0
0
0
0NR
0
NR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
254
0
2
5
3
258
0
0
0
17
0
406
163
0
375
0
18
70
3
827
330
0
38
0
636348
0
Contd.231
Table 6.14 (Contd.)
1 2
15. Meghalaya16. Mizoram17. Nagaland18. Orissa19. Punjab20. Rajasthan21. Sikkim22. Tamil Nadu23. Tripura24. Uttar Pradesh25. West Bengal
Total (States)Union Territories26. A&NIslands27. Chandigarh28. D&NHaveii29. Daman &Diu30. Delhi31. Lakshadweep32. Pondicherry
Total (UTs)Total (AH India)
15
000000000000
000000000
16
000000000000
000000000
17
00000004000
30
00001001
31
18
NR00000000000
000
NR00000
19
NR00000000000
000
NR00000
20
NR00000000000
000
NR00000
21
NR00000000000
000
NR00000
22
NR0010100020
10
000
NR0000
10
23
NR00000000000
000
NR00000
24
00010
210
297804
194131
00003003
4134
25
0764
10560
30980
1130
5570
0000
2600 .
265696
Note : NR Stands for data not received.SOURCE :Crime in India, 1995, pp. 212-213
232
Table 6.15 Classification of juvenile» arrested (Under IPC and SLL) byeducation and socio-economic background during 1905 in StatesAJT's
SI.No.
1
State/UTs
2
STATES1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.
Andhra PradeshArunachal PradeshAssamBiharGoaGujaratHaryanaHimachat PradeshJammu & KashmirKarnatakaKeralaMadhya Pradesh
Illit-erate
3
7480
14182722
626197
30
2292
1525
By Education
Primary Above
4
4019
91513
31044
65160
13723
1689
PrimaryButBelowMatric/H. Sec.
5
1863769
5315
2856444
0887
488
Matric/H.Sec.
Total
& Above
6
6204
1550
3943508
36154
7
139746
3052026
301994369
680
46268
3856
By Family Background
UvingwithParents
8
103713
1151395
19139231453
039357
2968
LivingwithGuard-ians
9
19233
130414
11487
4780
508
609
Home-less
10
1680
60217
0115
870
193
279
Total
11
139746
3052026
301904369680
46268
3856
Contd.233
Table 6.15 (Contd.)
1
13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.
2
MaharashtraManipurMeghalayaMizoramNagalandOrissaPunjabRajasthanSikkimTamil NaduTripuraUttar PradeshWest BengalTotal (States)
UNION TERRITORIES26.27.28.29.30.31.32.
A& N IslandsChandigarhD & N HaveliDaman & DiuDelhi *LakshadweepPondictierry
TOTAL (UTs)
TOTAL (ALL INDIA)
3
9000706
492
3866
7423
25114
6562
0300000
3
6565
4
106728
151963
1331
72205
87
277751
2412002
11
7762
5
5140
136
2843
7225
7584
26
123251
31600
37601
369
3647
6
840057
160
1673
24250
819
0000000
0
819
7
25652
282660
17110
111123
35551543
15318383
523
12
37603
410
18793
8
19862
161929
13110
8166
18841042
13112838
523
12
37602
409
13247
9
4100
127
31320
13114
132051
163968
0000000
0
3968
10
169000080
1643
351006
1577
0000011
1
1578
11
25652
282660
17110
111123
35551543
15318383
523
12
37603
410
18793
Contd.
234
Table 6.15 (Contd.)
SI. State/UTsNo.
Lower LOW/MID Middle UPP/MID Upperincome income income income incomeupto from from Rs. from Rs. AboveRs. Rs.501 1001 2001 Rs.500 p.m. to 1000pm to to 3000
2000 3000 p.m.p. m p.m.
Total New OldDetin- Delin-quents quents
Total
1 2
STATES1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.
Andhra PradeshArunachal PradeshAssamBiharGoaGujaratHaryanaHimachal PradeshJammu & KashmirKarnatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraM an i pur
12
8833095
112626872120180
25646
19711027
0
13
32516654750
64485210
12817
13359410
14
1530532533
276110260495,
3963952
15
270631101
1354120280
1221560
16
90296206713101032460
17
1397
46305
202630
1994
369680
46268
38562565
2
18
1191462711879
301699330680
42568
37012202
2
19
2060341470
2953900370
1553630
20
1397
46305
2026
301994369680
46268
38562565
2Contd.235
Table 6.15 {Contd.)
1 215. Meghalaya16. Mizoram17. Nagaland18. Orissa19. Punjab20. Rajasthan21. Sikkim22. Tamil Nadu23. Tri pura24. Utíar Pradesh25. West Bengal
Total (States)
UNIONTERRITORIES26. A & N Islands27. Chandigarh28. D & N Haveli29. Daman & Diu30. Delhi *31. Lakshadweep32. Pondi cherry
TOTAL (UTs)
TOTAL (ALL INDIA)
12181015
1412
32614
24634
1786
9566
2310
37602
384
9950
135
1516214
3056
101365
29
5477
3400000
7
5484
1440
1793
2583
783
1318
2127
0502000
7
2134
1511
1201
380025
11
756
01100000
11
767
1600000
18401039
457
0000001
1
458
17282660
17110
111123
35551543
153
18383
523
12
37603
410
18793
18282147
17110
92323
35311542
121
16844
523
12
37601
408
17252
1905
1300
1880
2401
32
1539
0000002
2
1541
20282660
17110
111123
35551543
153
18383
523
12
37603
410
18793
Note: As classification was not available, all the juveniles arrested are put in the most likely class.SOURCE: Crime in India, 1995, pp. 217-218.
236
Table 6.16 State-wise disposal of juveniles arrested (under IPC and SLL crimesand sent to courts during 1995
SI.No.
1
State/UTs
2
Arrested&senttoCourts
3
Sentto Homeafteradviceor adm-onition
4
Released onProbation andPlaced under careofParents/Fit Instt.
5 6
Sent toSpecialHomes
7
Dealtwithfine
8
Acquit-ted orother-wisedispo-sed of
9
PendingDispo-
sal
10
States
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.
Andhra PradeshArunachal PradeshAssamBiharGoaGujaratHaryanaHimachal PradeshJammu & KashmirKarnatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtra
139746
3052026
301994369
680
46268
38562565
3090
17490
4248
900
1800
773535
2874649
47913
1971340
743
224321
920
24223
0135
000
156
238115
280
20339
984010
837
41185
30207
490
116180054
5249
1470
80308
4370
9820
145
183129
2320
108138
084423161
09143
23451231
Contó.
237
Table 6.16 (Contú.)1
14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.
2
Maní purMeghalayaMizoramNag al andOrissaPunjabRajasthanSikkimTamil NaduTri puraUitar PradeshWest Bengal
Total (States)
UNIONTERRITORIES26.27.28.29.30.31.32.
A & N IslandsChandigarhD & N HaveliDaman & DiuDelhi*Laks had weepPondicherryTOTAL (UTs)
3
2282660
17110
111123
35551543
153
18383
523
12
37603
410TOTAL (ALL INDIA)18793
4
0120000
1786
2114050
4880
00000000
4880
5
028
26210
7312
501121222
2399
00106007
2406
6
000
1450
105
42012
927
00000000
927
7
000002
690
155034
1030
0000
11301
1141144
8
00
16008
280
76076
743
00000000
743
9
272
1200
630
19935
66
1699
3000
6400
671766
10
0708
1450
6900
4680
1053
6705
223
02
19302
2226927
SOURCE:Crime in India, 1995, p. 216
238
Table 6.17 Incidence of crime committed against children (crime head-wise)
SI.
No.
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Crime Head
2
Child rapefupto 16 years)
Kidnapping & Abduction
Procuration of Minor girls
Selling of girls for prostitution
Buying of girls for prostitution
Abetment of Suicide
Exposure and Abandonment
Infanticide
Foeticide
Child Marriage Restraint Act
1991
3
3729
517
--
-
--
--
--
--
--
-
1992
4
3113
521
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
Incidence
1993
5
3393
485
-
--
-
--
--
-
--
--
1994
6
3986
864
206
34
4
7
491
131
45
53
1995
7
4067
726
107
17
19
9
570
139
38
57
Percentage variation
1995over1991
8
9.1
40.4
--
--
--
--
-
--
--
--
1995over1994
9
+2.0
-16.0
-48.0
-54.0
+375.0
+28.6
+16.1
+6.1
-15.6
+7.5
- Figures not availables.
SOURCE : Crime in India, 1995, p. 244.
239
Fig. 8: Statewise Percentage Share ofCrimes Against Children in 1995
Bihar
Uttar Pradesh10.3
Source: Crime In Nidia -1996 p.246
240
SI.No.
1
Year
2
Table 6.18 Victims of child rape
Years Age group
Below 10 years 10-16 years
3 4
(1991-1995)
% share of childrape victims ontotal rape victims
5
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
% change in1995over 1994
1099
532
634
727
747
2.7%
2630
2581
2759
3259
3320
1.9%
35.8%
26.5%
27.8%
30.2%
29.5%
7. % change in1995over 1991
-32.0% 26.2%
SOURCE : Crime in India, 1995, p. 245
241
Table 6.19 Statewise incidence (I) and percentage contribution to all India (P)of crimes committed against children during 1995
SI.No.
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14,
15.
State/UTs.
2
STATES
Andhra Pradesh
A runa chai Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Goa
Gujarat
Haryana
H i macha I Pradesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Manipur
M eg h al aya
Rape(below
3
I
322
0
157
349
11
96
112
53
12
79
102
935
506
3
7
16 Years)
4
P
7.9
0.0
3.9
8.6
0.3
2.4
2.8
1.3
0.3
1.9
2.5
23.0
12.4
0.1
0.2
infanticide
5
1
5
11
9
2
8
1
20
3
0
49
40
1
0
6
P
3.6
0.7
0.7
6.5
1.4
5.8
0.7
1.4
0.0
2.2'
0.0
35.3
28.8
0.7
0.0
Foeticide
7
I
0
0
0
20
8
0
0
0
1
0
14
8
0
0
S
P
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.3
0.0
21.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.6
0.0
36.8
21.1
0.0
0.0
Abetmentof Suicide
9
I
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
4
200
10
p
0.0
0.0
0.0
11.1
0.0
22.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
44.4
22.2
0.0
0,0
Exposure &Abandonment
11
1
1
1
0
0
1
86
0
5
1
2
4
106
313
0
0
12
P
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.2
15.1
0.0
0.9
0.2
0.4
0.7
18.6
54.9
0.0
0.0
Kidnapping &Abduction
13
i
591
0
61
4
97
15
8
0
13
9
50
99
0
1
14
P
8.1
0.1
0.0
8.4
0.6
13.4
2.1
1.1
0.0
1.8
1.2
6.9
13.6
0.0
0.1
242
16. M ¡zo ram
17. N ágata nd
18. Orissa
19. Punjab
20. Rajasthan
21. Sikkim
22. Tamil Nadu
23. Tri pura
24. Uttar Pradesh
25. West Bengal
7
0
101
31
124
3
5618
0.20.02.50.83.00.11.40.4
484 11.9
360 8.9
0.00.00.72.92.90.03.60.01.40.7
0.00.02.60.07.90.00.00.00.00.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0 0.00 0.01 0.25 0.9
17 3.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0
00
103
14020
104126
0.00.01.40.41.90.00.30.0
14.317.4
Totaf (States)
UNION TER FMTÕflIES26.27.28.29.30.31.32.
A & N islandsChandigarhD & N Haveli•aman & DiuDelhi *La kshadweepPond ¡cherry
TOTAL (UTs)
TOTAL (ALL INDIA)
3928
1201
13401
139
4067
96.6
0.00.00.00.03.30.00.0
3.4
100.0
139
0000000
0
139
100.0
0.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
0.0
100.0
37
0000100
1
38
97.4
0.00.00.00.02.60.00.0
2.6
100.0
9
0000000
0
9
100.0
0.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
0.0
100.0
543
0400
2201
27
95.3
0.00.70.00.03.90.00.2
4.7
570 100.0
676
0000
4604
50
726
93.1
0.00.00.00.06.30.00.6
6.9
100.0
Contd.
243
Table 6.19 (Contd.)
Si.No.
1
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.
State/UTsof Minor
2
States
Andhra PradeshAm nacha I PradeshAssamBiharGoaGujaratHaryanaHimâchai PradeshJammu & KashmirKarnatakaKeralaMadhya PradeshMaharashtraM an ¡pur
M eg ha layaM izo ramNaga land
Procuration(if
Minor Girls
15
I
6
0g
3128200204
230000
16
P
5.60.08.4
29.01.97.51.90.00.01.90.03.7
21.50.00.00.00.0
Selling of girlsior
Prostitution
17
I
0002
0000000120000
18
P
0.00.00.0
11.80.00.0O.O0.00.00.00.05.9
11.80.00.00.00.0
Buying of girtsfor
Prostitution
19
I
20010100010000000
20
P
10.50.00.05.30.05.30.00.00.05.30.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
Child MarriageRestraint
Act*
21
1
3
003
021
1
8002190000
22
P
5.30.00.05.30.0
36.81.8
14.00.00.03.51.8
15.80.00.00.00.0
Total
23
1
3983
167459
203271317613
101117
11641002
4870
24
P
6.90.12.98.00.35.72.31.30.21.82.0
20.217.40.10.10.10.0
244
18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.
OrissaPunjabRajasthanSikkimTamil NaduTrip uraUttar PradeshWest Bengal
Total (States)
UNION TERRITORIES
26.27.28.29.30.31.32.
A & N IslandsChandigarhD & N HaveliDaman & DiuDelhi *LakshadweepPondicherry
TOTAL (UTs)
TOTAL (ALL INDIA)
51
30000
10
106
0100000
1
107
4.70.92.80.00.00.00.09.3
99.1
0.00.90.00.00.00.00.0
0.9
100.0
0000000
12
17
0000000
0
17
0.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
70.6
100.0
0.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
0.0
100.0
,0100000
13
19
0000000
0
19
0.05.30.00.00.00.00.0
68.4
100.0
0.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
0.0
100.0
009000
00
57
0000000
0
57
0.00.0
15.80.00.00.00.00.0
100.0
0 00 00:00.00.00.00.0
0.0
100.0
11945
1743
6318
590522
5531
170t
>2Õ306
213
5749
2.10.83.00.11.10.3
10.39.1
96.2
0.00.10.00.03.50.00.1
3.8
100.0
SOURCE : Crime in India, 1995, pp. 252-253Note : 1. Figures are provisional
2. * Data for the State/UT of Bihar, Daman & Diu,Gujarat & Megtialaya taken from monthlyCrime Statistics due to non-availability of Annual Data.
245
Table 6.20 Statewise number of children given into foreign and Indian adoptionunder the guardians and wards act 1990,1994,1995 & 1996
SI.No.
1
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.
States/UT
2
Andlira PradeshDelhiGoaGujaratHaryanaKarnatakaKeralaMaharashtraOrissaPondicherryPunjabTamil NaduUttar PradeshWest BengalBihar
Total
Foreign
Male
3
116155--
222079---
29—
85--
317
Adoption
Female
4
33183
116--
8323
229193-
38-
183--
811
1994Indian
Male
5
351681026--
4820
30142--
361
68-
719
Adoption
Female
6
13121
520--
6729
26594—
534
991
690
Foreign
Male
7
890—1-
251480
14--
202
95—
340
1995 1996Adoption Indian adoption (upto Sept.)
Femal
8
33263
217--
5722
21032
11
587
193—
696
Male
9
13952
191
5140
30220
3--
36—
98—
680
Female
10
22136
5152
8347
25591-
642
103--
744
Combined
11
87161
326
37136
18030
2--
391—--—
990
12
99241
540
61541075893012--
340—--—
1623
SOURCE : Central Adoption Resource Agency,Ministry of Welfare, pp. 159-161
246
Table 6.21 Number of awards given to children by sex for outstanding deeds ofbravery and gallantry under the scheme of national awards by ICCW1957 to 1997
SI. No. Year Boys Girls Total
1
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.
19571958
1959
I960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
195967--
3—5106554449
111122
„
2--
2211231
21061089
3251087656710
Contd.
247
Table 6.21 (Contd.)
19. 1975 10 4 1420. 1976 12 4 1621. 1977 14 2 1622. 1978 13 3 1623. 1979 9 5 1424. 1980 12 4 1625. 1981 6 3 926. 1982 14 2 1627. 1983 16 3 1928. 1984 12 3 1529. 1985 10 2 1230. 1986 14 10 2431. 1987 15 6 2132. 1988 18 8 2633. 1989 18 7 2534. 1990 17 6 2335. 1991 9 3 1236. 1992 13 3 1637. 1993 17 5 2238. 1994 13 6 1939. 1995 13 7 2040. 1996 13 5 1841. 1997 14 7 21
Tòtãí 394 13Õ 524
SOURCE :lnd¡an Council for Child Welfare, New Delhi.248
Table 6.22
Age Rural/group Urban(Years)
AN ages Rural
Urban
0-4 Rural
Urban
5-14 Rural
Urban
15-39 Rural
Urban
40-59 Rural
Urban
60 and Ruralabove , , .
Urban
Estimated number of disabledresidence, sex and type of
p
553
356
39
25
66
87
117
117
585
365
5,863
4,156
persons peídisability in
Number of disabled persons per lakh
Visual disability
M
444
294
41
29
71
100
125
136
462
281
4,573
3,291
F
670
425
37
21
60
72
106
96
715
467
7,155
4,968
p
553
390
--
--
314
244
318
208
614
434
2,628
2,366
r lakh population by age,India, 1981
population having
Hearing disability
M
595
386
--
--
343
266
386
216
647
386
2,660
2,432
t
F
510
395
--
-
283
220
250
198
579
458
2,597
2,305
Contd.
249
Table 6.22 (Contd.)
Age Rural/group Urban(Years)
Alt ages Rural
Urban
0-4 Rural
Urban
5-14 Rural
Urban
15-39 Rural
Urban
40-59 Rural
Urban
60 and Rural
above Urban
P
304
279
-
—
411
429
274
236
220
166
285
282
Speech disability
M
379
342
-
--
486
506
359
304
262
203
345
360
F
228
207
—
-
324
345
189
159
175
122
225
209
P
828
679
435
540
676
718
641
482
1,110
730
2,617
2,246
Locomotor disabi I ity
M
1,047
800
522
628
817
859
876
601
1,458
873
3,079
2,444
F
567
544
342
448
515
562
402
346
744
560
2,154
2,060
P = Person M = Male F = FemaleNote: The data in this table is based on a survey in 5,409 villages and 3,652 Urban blocks consisting of
81,858 rural and 56,452 urban households.SOURCE: Report on Survey of Disabled Persons. Thirty, Sixth Round, July December 1981, No. 305, National
Sample Survey Organisation, New Delhi, 1983
250
Table 6.23 Incidence rates of different physical disabilities by age, sex andresidence in India, 1981
S!.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Age
group(Years)
All ages
0-4
5-14
15-39
40-59
60 andabove
Residence
RuralUrbanRuralUrbanRuralUrbanRuralUrbanRuralUrbanRuralUrban
Visual disability
P
3830943244
4143
422381
M
3223654236
3231
361284
F
45381331342
4958
485473
Number of disabled persons per one lakh of population
Hearing disability
P
1915--
12755
1613
135134
M
2014——
14675
1616
135147
F
1815---
11737
169
135122
Speech disability
P
36--551148
1328
M
67-~
. 88216
121745
F
23---121135
1012
Locomotor disability
P
535497
131262219155861
243301
M
6461
125150352828207372
231318
F
424766
112171510104148
254284
Note: The data in this table is based on survey in 5,409 village and 3,652 urban blocks consisting of 81,858rural and 56,452 Urban households.
SOURCE: Report on Survey of Disabled Persons, Thirty Sixth Rourvd, July-December, 1981, No. 305, NationalSample Survey Organisation, New Delhi, 1S93
251
Table 6.24 Number of persons per lakh household population suffering fromblindness, physical impairment of the limbs according to age, sex and
residence India, 1992-93
Demogra-phiccharac-teristic
Age0-45-1415-5960-6970+
SexMaleFemale
Total
Partial
220324
22101509621222
24822900
2686
Number of persons per 1,00,000
Rural
Complete
195525204
12443252
411450
430
Urban
Partial Complete
97366
20551274717772
19722666
2306
164698177877
2035
366386
375
Total
Partial Complete
192334
21661454920421
23462839
2585
188567196
11592970
399433
416
Physical impairment
Rural
461683598
11831721
814513
667
of limbs
Urban
366512521900
2141
671439
559
Total
440645576
11171818
776494
639
Note: Table excludes persons with missing information on sex.SOURCE: National Family Health Survey 1992-93 International Institute for Population Sciences, Bombay,
1995
252
1. Totally Cripped
2. Visual Disability
3. Hearing Disability
4. Speech Disability
5. Locomotor Disability
6. BAJSS
7. CSWB
8. HSS
9. ICCW
10. ICDS
GLOSSARY & ABBREVIATIONS
Both arms of both legs or all four limbs crippled. The loss of one arm and/or oneleg will not classify a person as totally cripped. The loss refers to the inability touse and not necessarily their physical absence. Disabilities due to old age wiltalso be treated as such for the purpose of enumeration.
includes those who do not have perception of light in both eyes and those whohave perception of light but could not correctly count figures of a hand (with/without spectacles) at a distance of 3 metres in good day light.
Includes those who do not hear normal sound with one or both theears without the use of hearing aids.
Includes those who have voice and can cry of rough, but cannot speak,Speech defects are classified (¡) Speaking unintelligibly (ii) stammering(in) speaking with abnormal voice and (iv) other nasal voice and articulatondefects.
includes those who are unable to move both himself and objects from place toplace due to (i) paralysis of the limb or body (ii) deformity of the limb(¡ii) amputation (iv) disfunction ofjoints of trie limb (v) other deformity in the bodyviz. in spine in back, hunch backs, dwarfs etc.
Bhartiya Adim Jati Sevak Sangh
Central Social Welfare Board
Harijan Sevak Sangh
Indian Council for Child Welfare
Integrated Child Development Services
253
7. Child Labour
255
Table 7.1 State-wise distribution of working children according to 1971,1981and 1991 census
SINo.
1 •
State/UnionTerritories
2
1971Workers
3
1981Workers
4
MainWorkers
5
1991
MarginalWorkers
6
TotalWorkers
7
1. Andhra Pradesh 1,627,492 1,951,312 1,537,293 124,6472. Assam 239,349* " 259,953 67,6453. Bihar 1,059,359 1,101,764 795,444 146,8014. Gujarat 518,061 616,913 373,027 150,5585. Haryana 137,826 194,189 89,030 20,6616. Himachal Pradesh 71,384 99,624 30,771 25,6677. Jammu & Kashmir 70,489 258,4378. Karnataka 808,719 1,131,530 818,159 158,0889. Kerala 111,801 92,854 28,590 6.21010. Madhya Pradesh 1,112,319 1,698,597 997,940 354,62311. Maharashtra 988,357 1,557,756 805,847 262,57112. Manipur 16,380 20,217 13,478 3,01513. Meghalaya 30,440 44,916 30,730 3,90314. Nagaland 13,726 16,235 16,106 37015. Orissa 492,477 702,293 325,250 127,144
1,661,940327,598942,245523,585109,69156,438
976,24734,800
1,352,5631,066,416
16,49334,63316,476
452,394
Conto.
257
Table 7.1 (Contd.)
1
16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.
2
PunjabRajasthanSikkimTamil NaduTripuraUttar PradeshWest BengalA & N IslandArunachal PradeshChandigarhD & N HaveliDelhiDaman and DiuGoaLaks had weepMizoramPondicherry
Total
3
232,774587,389
15,661713,305
17,4901,326,726
511,443572
17,9251,0863,102
17,1207,391
-97•*•
3,725
10,753,985
4
216,939819,605
8,561975,05524,204
1,434,675605,263
1,30917,950
1,9863,615
25,7179,37B
-56
6,3143,606
13,640,870
5
132,414490,522
5,254523,125
13,5061,145,087
593,387758
11,6321,8392,677
26,670741
3,93817
6,3912,565
9,082,141
6
10,545283,677
34455,7642,972
264,999118,304
507763
311,739
• 681200718
1710,020
115
2,203,208
7
142,868774,199
5,598578,889
16,4781,410,086
711,6911,265
12,3951,8704,416
27,351941
4,65634
16,4112,660
11,285,349
NB:SOURCE :
Includes figures of Mizo District also which then formed part of AssamCensus could not be conducted.Census figures of 1971 in respect of Mizoram included under AssamFigures for 1991 relates to workers of age group 5-14 years.Annual Report 1996-97, Ministry of Labour, Govt.of India, p. 100
2S8
Table 7.2 Working children by type of worker residence in India, 1991(in million)
Location
Rural
Urban
Tola!
Male
4.96
0.70
5.66
Main Workers
Female
3.17
0.25
3.42
Person
8.13
0.95
9.08
Male
0.50
0.03
0.53
Marginal Workers
Female
1.63
0.05
1.68
Person
2.13
0.08
2.21
Total Workers
Male
5.46
0.73
6.19
Female Person
4.80 10.26
0.30 1.03
5.10 11.29
Data relate to age group 0-14 years
Main Workers are those who work for 183 days or more in a year
SOURCE : Registrar General of India, 1991 Census.
259
Table 7.3 Workforce participation rate by gender and residence and sex ratio ofworkers, India, 1971-91
Residence
Total
Rural
Urban
Year
197119811991
197119811991
197119811991
Total
Males Females
52.552.751.6
53.553.852.5
48.849.148.9
11.919.822.3
13.123.226.7
6.68.39.2
Participation rates
Main Workers
Males I
51.650.9
52.651.8
48.548.6
-emales
14.015.9
16.018.6
7.38.1
Marginal Workers
Males
1.00.6
1.20.7
0.50.4
Females
5.86.3
7.28.1
1.01.0
All
210351400
232410477
116149167
Sex Ratio
Mainworkers
253290
289337
132150
Marginal. workers
5,2459,424
5,75610,600
1,7152,648
SOURCE: Proceeding of the First National Workshopon Improvement of Statistics on Genderissues, C.S.O.,Deptt.ofStatistics, Ministry of Planning, Programmes Implementation, April 1994, p. 90.
260
Table 7.4 Percentage distribution of working children by sex, residence andeducational level in India, 1991
SI.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Educational
Level
Literate
Literate (withoutEducational Level)
Primary
Middle
Matriculation/Secondary
Higher Sec/Inter./Pre-University/Non-Technical/
Male
72.38
11.39
12.60
3.32
0.26
0.05
Technical Certificate/Diploma
TotalNumber* (Million)
100.04.96
Rural
Female
82.63
7.90
7.74
1.63
0.08
0.02
100.03.17
Person
76.38
10.03
10.70
2.66
0.19
0.04
100.08.13
Male
56.10
15.21
20.68
7.14
0.71
0.16
100.00.70
Urban
Female
68.38
13.26
13.94
4.01
0.33
0.08
100.00.25
Person
59.34
14.69
18.90
6.32
0.61
0.14
100.00.95
Male
70.37
11.86
13.61
3.79
0.31
0.06
100.05.66
Total
Female
81.59
8.30
6.19
1.80
0.10
0.02
100.03.42
Person
74.59
10.52
11.57
3.04
0.23
0.05
100.09.08
Data relate to age group 0-14 years* Includes main workers only
Main workers are those who work for 183 days or more in a yearSOURCE : Registrar General of India, 1991 Census.
261
Table 7.5 Working children by employment status, sex, residence andindustry, in India, 1993-94
(in thousands)
Status Industry Rural Urban Total
Self
Employed
0
1-9
Male
3475
(57.08)
532
(8.74)
Female
2969
(55.36)
514
; (9.58)
Person
6444
(56.27)
1046
(9.14)
Male
114
(11.13)
356
(34.77)
Female
76
(12.01)
228
(36.02)
Person
190
(11.47)
584
(35.24)
Male
3589
(50.46)
888
(12.49)
Female
3045
(50.78)
742
(12.38)
Person
6634
(50.61)
1630
(12.44)
0-9 4007 3483 7490 470 304 774 4477 3787 8264
(65.82) (64.94) (65.41) (45.90) (48.03) (46.71) (62.95) (63.16) (63.05)
Regular
salaried/
Wage employee
0
1-9
243
(3.99)
122
(2.00)
34 277 14 — 14
(0.63) (2.42) (1.37) - (0.85)
68 190 270 164 434
(1.27) (1.66) (26.36) (25.91) (26.19)
257 34 291
(3.61) (0.57) (2.22)
392 232 624
(5.51) (3.87) (4.76)
0-9 365 102 467 284 164 448 649 266 915
(5.99) (1.90) (4.08) (27.73) (25.9)) (27.04) (9.12) (4.44) (6.98)
262
Casual
Labour
Total
Workers
0
1-9
0-9
0
1-9
0-9
1306
(£1.45)
410
(6.74)
1716
(28.19)
5024
(82.52)
1064
(17.48)
6088
(100.0)
1467
(27.35)
311
(5.80)
1778
(33.15)
4470
(82.35)
893
(16.65)
5363
(100.0)
2773
(24.21)
721
(6.30)
3494
(30.51)
9494
(82.91)
1957
(17.09)
11451
(100.0)
28
(2.73)
242
(23.63)
270
(26.37)
156
(15.23)
868
(84.77)
1024
(100.0)
63
(9.95)
102
(16.11)
165
(20.06)
139
(21.96)
494
(78.04)
633
(100.0)
91
(S.49)
344
(20.76)
435
(26.25)
295
(17.80)
1362
(82.20)
1657
(100.0)
1334
(18.76)
652
(9-17)
1986
(27.93)
5180
(72.83)
1932
(27.17)
7112
(100.0)
1530
(25.52)
413
(6.89)
1943
(32.41)
4609
(76.87)
1387
(23.13)
5996
(100.0)
2864
(21.85)
1065
(8.12)
3929
(29.97)
9789
(74.68)
3319
(25.32)
13108
(100.0)
Data relates to age group 5-14 years
Principal as well as Subsidiary usual status workers
0-Agri culture, 1-9 Non-Agr [culture
Figures in brackets are percentages in relation to total
SOURCE: NSSO, 50th Round (1993-94)
263
Table 7.6 Estimates of child labour in India, 1961-2000
Source
Census
1961
NSS
{1972-73)
(27thRound)
(Usual
Status)
NSS(March
1978")
Age-
Group
0-14*
5-9*
10-14*
5-14
5-9
10-14
5-14
5-9
10-14
5-14
Male
8.16
0.80
7.36
8.16
0.88
7.78
8.66
0.88
7.96
8.84
Rural
Female
5.56
0.52
5.04
5.56
0.63
5.75
6.38
0.63
5.21
5.84
RuralTV. tn iTotal
13.72
1.32
12.40
13.72
1.51
13.53
15.04
1.51
13.77
14.68
Urban
Mate
0.58
0.03
0.55
0.58
0.05
0.80
0.85
0.05
0.94
0.99
Female
0.23
0.01
0.22
0.23
0.03
0.41
0.44
0.05
0.53
0.58
Urban"Trs*_li ota i
0.81
0.04
0.77
0.81
0.08
1.21
1.29
0.10
1.47
1.57
Grand
total
14.53
1.36
13.77
14.53
1.59
14.74
16.33
1.62
14.62
16.25
264
Census,
1981
1985"
1990"
2000**
SOURCE :
0-14
5-9
10-14
5-14
5-14
5-14
5-14
Plannina Coi
7.34
0.90
8.4
9.34
—.
—
—
m mission a
5.21
0.64
5.59
6.23
—
—
—
nd Census
12.55
1.54
14.03
15.57
—
—
—
of India
0.76
0.06
1.07
1.13—
—
—
0.29
0.06
0.60
0.66—
—
—
1.05
0.12
1.67
1.79
—
—
—
13.59
Ï.66
15.70
17.36
17.58
18.17
20.25
Estimates for the quinquential age-group are based on a special study vide appendix V of theReport of the Expert
Committee on Estimates of Unemployment Planning Commission 1970
Projections for 1978 and 1983,1985,1990,2000 based on usual status rates of NSS2nd round(1977-78)
265
Table 7.7 Estimated number of child labour in India 1951-1991
1.
i)
¡i)
Ful! time ChildWorkers
Census data basedestimates(0-14Yrs.)
NSS data based
1951
13387144
11339526
1961
14469775
13777443
1971
10664018
16330000
1981
11195544
16166330
1991
12669909
13950225estimates(5-14Yrs.)
2. Non-workers &N o n-stud ents( 5-14Yrs. )
i)
ii)
3.
4.
i)
census data basedestimates
MHRD & NSS databased estimates
Child Marginal workersCensus Estimates'1981 & 1991
Estimates of totalChild workers
Census databased estimates
49700129
52997224
NA
13387144
64914609
41123492
NA
14469775
89482123
64092259
NA
10753985
89541310
77352410
2445329
13640873
97659410
57554833
10498822
23161013
Contd.
266
(i) NSSdata 11339626 13299910 16330000 18611659 24449047based estimates
SOURCE : 1. Census of India, 1951,1961,1971,1981 & 1991 population tables AG's SRS & NFHS forage-group shares
2. National Sample Survey, Report No. 8,16th,17th,36th,37th,38th, 45th,46th and 47thRounds.
3. Marginai Workers data is from Census of India, 1981,1991, Part HI(b)(VI) GeneralEconomics Tables
Note : (¡) 1981 NSS Estimatesof Full-time Child Workers is taken from 1983Work ParticipationRates
(ii) For1991 NSS estimates July to December,1991 P. Work Participation Rates from 47thRound have been used
(iii) NSS based Child Workers estimates are calculated from NSS participation Rates
(iv) 1971 NSS estimates of full time child workers is as given by NSS Table for 1971-73
(v) Full Time Child Workers Census data is approximated from MHRD data & NSS estimatesrespectively
(vi) 1951 NSSestimates of child workers are based on 1960-61 participation rates because8th Round female child labour participation rates are high at 12.5 % of the females forrural areas.
Cliaudhri, O.P. (1995), Dynamic Profile of Child-Labour in India 1961-91, p. 161
267
Table 7.8 Trends in index of child labour in India : major sectors, 1971-1991and projections to 2001 (Index Base : 1961 = 100)
Sectors
Cultivators
Agricultural Labourers
Household Industry
Manufacturing other
than household
Construction
Trade and Commerce
Transport Storage
and Communication
Mining
Other Services
Total
1971
72
170
16
133
90
113
118
91
45
90
1981
66
157
21
246
112
129
112
70
26
82
Male
1991
76
174
23
272
126
140
128
77
29
91
2001
65
149
19
232
108
120
109
66
25
78
Rural
1971
24
110
23
139
76
47
247
75
30
49
Female
1981
35
137
32
271
155
72
164
76
23
63
1991
39
156
36
307
169
76
354
87
26
72
2001
34
133
31
261
143
64
301
74
22
61
268
Tab/e 7.S (Contd.)
Sectors
Cultivators
Agricultura! Labourers
Household Industry
Manufacturing otherthan household
Construction
Trade and Commerce
Transport Storageand Communication
Mining
Other Services
Tota!
1971
80
227
66
128
105
193
205
79
61
107
1981
96
285
79
194
142
226
183
73
58
131
Male
1991
122
356
100
244
180
283
226
93
73
164
2001
121
355
100
243
180
283
226
93
73
164
Urban
1971
19
132
41
127
80
87
282
75
82
72
Female
1981
35
205
60
261
104
128
118
74
108
109
1991
47
275
81
375
144
172
200
103
145
145
2001
47
273
61
349
143
171
199
102
144
144
SOURCE : A Dynamic Profile of Child Labour in India 1951 -1991 Child Labour Action and Support Project,ILO, New Delhi, p. 45
269
Table 7,9 Number of child labour by industrial category and sexin India 1961-2001
(Index Base 1961=100)
Male Child Workers # Total
Cultivators
Agricultural Labourers
Mining Quarrying etc. @
Househoidlndustry
Manufacturing other thanhousehold Industry
Construction
Trade and Commerce
Transport, Storageand Communication
Other Services
Non-workers
Students (Full time)
Non-workersNon-students(Nowhere Children)
1961
8690456
4225264
1752472
837340
927740
185649
44011
129052
21190
567738
50658552
23641099
27017453
1971
7802227
3042227
3004270
758050
199263
240735
42304
197380
35662
2B2388
70965765
32510325
38455440
1981
7437844
2903971
2801522
586209
234372
396500
54381
228416
32424
200049
86095020
49086725
37008295
1991*
8328764
3213964
3109329
652700
267018
471731
64701
273080
39174
237067
97230720
57384600
39846120
1996*
8381180
3192970
3097348
651558
274760
506400
68334
295738
42656
251416
91571400
54537664
37033736
2001*
7250328
2754963
2673929
562730
238744
443600
59677
259486
37465
219734
91606123
52748818
38857305
270
Female Child Workers»Total
As Cultivators
As Agrie. Labourers
Household Industry
Manufacturing otherthan household Industry
Construction
Trade and Commerce
Transport Storageand Communication
Mining Quarrying etc. @
Other Services
5779319
3170926
1438383
555171
55313
22524
24555
2248
202706
307493
2861739
754067
1582141
139070
74465
17371
13966
5991
151115
123553
3757698
1095798
1986026
198611
147790
31033
20789
3124
153750
120777
4341145
1251881
2277169
233980
183801
36088
24171
6043
178242
149770
4364375
1241837
2266270
239982
187042
37287
25313
6328
177573
182743
3736588
1066697
1947949
207523
162366
32290
21978
5494
152663
139628
SOURCE : Census of India 1961,1971,19814 1991CMIE Basic Statistics Relating to the IndianEconomy Vol. 2 States Sept. 1984
Notes : * Projections Using Metagraphics Software Corporation's People andWorkers projection modules 1987-88(1961 Participation rates Assumed)
# Census data not give breakdown for age group 0-14 NSS estimates suggest that the core oflabour is in age group 10-14. Hence projection for 1996 & 2001 is for 10-14.
Chaudhri, D.P. (1995) Dynamic Profile oi Child Labour in India 1961-1991, p. 95
271
Table 7.10 Percentage of child labour by sex in states and India 1961-1991(Percentage from total child population)
SI.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
States
Andhra Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Manipur
Meghalaya
Nagalartd
1961
Male
15.7
7.8
9.6
7.3
0)12.1
1.7
11.9
2.2
11.8
8.6
3.2
—
13.9
Female
11.2
6.4
5.9
6.6
0)18.1
6.3
8.2
1.9
10.8
8.8
7.6
—
16.6
1971
Male
11.8
6.0
6.7
6.2
5.0
4.3
6.1
9.3
1.4
8.0
5.7
3.3
8.0
6.1
Female
6.6
0.1
1.9
2.6
0.6
5.8
0.9
3.7
1.2
4.1
3.7
3.9
5.8
8.0
1981
Male
9.6
—
4.5
4.7
4.0
2.9
6.8
8.3
0.8
7.4
5.6
2.6
8.0
4.5
Female
7.2
—
1.6
2.2
1.1
4.3
1.9
4.9
0.8
5.3
4.9
3.7
5.8
5.8
1991
Male
9.3
—
4.6
4.6
4.0
3.0
—
8.1
0.8
7.4
5.1
—
—
—
Female
7.2
—
1.6
2.2
1.1
4.6
—
5.1
0.8
5.5
4.7
—
—
—
272
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
Orissa
Punjab
Rajasthan
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Tri pura
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
Alt India
12.3
7.9
13.6
23.1
9.3
5.2
8.6
5.0
9.4
6.6
3.8
12.1
25.4
6.7
3.3
4.1
1.2
6.6
9.1
7.7
7,4
19.5
6.2
4,2
5.5
4.7
6.6
1.5
0.1
2.7
19.3
2.9
0.8
1.4
0.7
2.6
7.4
5.2
5.3
5.3
5.7
3.4
4.3
4.0
5.5
2.4
0.3
2.7
7.4
4.5
1.4
0.9
0.9
2.8
7.5
5.1
5.8
—
5.4
—
5.1
3.9
2.9
2.6
0.3
3.1
—
4.4
—
4.4
1.0
1.6
SOURCE: Censusof India 1961,1971,1981,and 1991 Series I paper 2 of 1992A Dynamic Profile of Child Labour in India, 1951-1991, p. 109
273
Table 7.11 Unemployment rates @ as per various rounds of NSSO by age (percent)
Year
Rural
1977-78
1983
1987-88
1989-90 *
1990-91 *
July-Dec.
1991 *
1992*
Jan-June
1993*
1993-94
5-14
2.0
2.8
3.2
1.9
0.6
3.7
1.3
3.7
1.6
Male
Age-group {in Years]
tS-29
4.9
4.7
6.2
3.6
3.2
4.3
3.8
3.7
4.9
30-44
0.6
0.5
0.9
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.4
45-59
0.4
0.2
0.5
0.0
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
I
60 & above
0.3
0.2
0.5
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.1
—
Total
2.2
2.1
2.8
1.6
1.3
1.8
1.6
1.6
2.0
5-14
4.7
1.2
2.9
1.4
0.0
2.7
1.6
2.1
0.8
15-29
8.5
2.8
5.4
1.5
1.0
2.0
2.1
2.0
3.2
Female
Age-group {in Years}
30-44
4.1
0.5
2.4
0.4
0.3
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.4
45-59
3.0
0.4
1.9
0.6
0.0
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.2
60 & above
2.0
0.6
1.8
—
0.0
0.6
—
0.5
—
Total
5.5
1.4
3.5
0.8
0.4
1.2
1.2
1.0
1.4
274
Urban
1977-78
1983
1987-88
1989-90* 11.1
1990-91 * 9.0
July-Dec*
1991 *
1992 '
Jan-June
1993*
1993-94
7.7
10.6
9.3
12.0
14.8
7.2
4.5
U.O
12.2
13.6
9.7
11.3
9.6
10.2
9.2
10.8
1.3
1.4
1.2
0.9
0.8
1.0
1.3
0.3
1.1
1.0
0.7
0.7
0.9
0.3
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.4
1.5 6.5 7.8 31.4 10.4 4.8
0.6 5.9 2.3 15.5 2.1 0.7
1.1 6.1 4.1 18.8 3.5 1.1
1.8 4.4 — 7.9 1.1 0.5
0.9 4.5 0.0 13.2 1.4 0.4
0.2 4.5 3.9 11.2 2.5 —
2.1 4.6 17.2 13.8 1.B 0.3
0.2 3.8 — 8.6 2.6 0.5
0.3 4.5 2.6 19.6 2.8 0.4
2.2
9.1
1.1
—
0.0
__
1.0
17.8
6.9
8.5
3.9
5.4
5.5
6.7
4.3
8.2
SOURCE : National Sample Survey Organisation Selected Socio-Economic Statistics India. 1995, p.81Note : The figures of different rounds related to the usuai principal status
The results are based on this samplesNil 0.0 Negligible
@ The percentage of unemptoyed in labour force
275
Table 7.12 Percentage of female workers to total female population under broadindustrial categories : 1901 to 1991 Census
CensusVear
1
1901
1911
1921
1931
1951
1961
1971
1981
1991
Cultiva-tion
2
14.44
14.59
16.52
3.95
10.59
15.59
3.51
4.65
5.46
Agricul-ture
3
8.18
10.34
8.15
11.02
7.31
6.67
5.98
6.46
6.98
LivestockforestryFishingHuntingPlantationOrchardsActivities
4
—
—
—
—
—
0.30
0.26
0.33
MiningandQuarry-ing
5
1.02
1.17
1.17
1.16
0.78
0.56
0.05
0.05
0.05
HouseholdIndustry
6 .
2.20
0.500.64
0.55
Manutao Constru-turningotherthan
ction
household
7
3.95
3.54
3.01
2.41
1.62
0.37
0.33
0.50
0.60
8
0.21
0.24
0.24
0.21
0.17
0.11
0.08
0.12
0.10
Trade &Commerce
9
1.87
1.83
1.78
1.41
0.66
0.3B
0.21
0.29
0.35
TransportStorage& Commun-ication
10
0.070.060.050.040.070.030.060.050.05
OtherServices
11
1.96
1.96
1.75
2.43
2.10
2.05
0.B4
0.97
1.31
% age ofFemale
workers totola!
Femalepopulation
12
31.7033.7332.6727.6323.3027.9611.8513.9915.79
Note: 1. Workers here cover all categories of workers, viz, employees, employers independent workers and family workersprior to 1961 Census, Workers in group " Household Industry" were included in "Manufacturing" and "Mining andQuarrying* etc.
2. Prior to 1971 Census, workers in group "Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting and Plantations Orchards and AlliedActivities" were included under "Agricultural Labourers'
.. Not availableSOURCE : Census of India.
276
GLOSSARY
Main Workers
Marginal Workers
Non-Workeis
Usually Employment
Principal Status Worker
Subsidiary Status Worker
All Workers
Worker Population rate
Work Participation rate
Current Weekly Status
Industry (Division)
One who has worked for the major part of the year preceding the date of enumerationi.e., those who were enganged in any economically productive activity for 183 daysof six months or more during the year.
Those who worked any time at all in the year preceding t ie date to enumeration butdid not work for the major part of the year i.e. those who worked for less than 183days or six months.
Those who have not worked any time at in the year preceding date of enumeration.
Those worked for a relatively longer period of a reference period of 365 dayspreceding the date of survey.
A person categorised asa worker on the basis of his/her principal status.
A non worker who pursued some gainful activity in a subsidiary capacity.
Include principal status workers and subsidiary workers.
The number of persons usually employed in a particular age group per 1000 personsin the age group.
Percentage of workers to the total population.
A person is considered to be employed if he/she pursues any one or more of thegainful activity for a least one hour on any day of the previous week.
Agriculture, Hunting, forestry & fishing, Mining and quarrying ManufacturingElectricity, gas and water, Construction, Wholesale and retail trade and restaurantsand hotels, transport, storage and communication, Financing, insurance, real estateand business service, Community, social and personal services.
277
8. Socio-Economie Indicators
279
Table 8.1 National income and per capita income in India, 1950-51 to 1995-96
Year
1
Gross National Productat Factor Cost{Rs. Crores)
AtCurrentAt1980-81Prices Prices
2 3
Net National Productat Factor Cost(Rs. Crores)
At CurrentPrices
4
1980-81Prices
5
Per Capita NetNational Product {Rs.)
At Current 1980-81Prices Prices
6 7
1950-51
1955-56
1960-61
1965-66
1970-71
1975-76
1980-81
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
1985-86
1986-87
8,938
9,707
15,182
23,899
39,424
70,946
122,772
143,256
158,761
185,779
207,109
232,370
258,225
42,644
51,119
62,532
71,338
89,465
104,660
122,772
129,928
133,299
143,861
149,256
155,365
161,535
8,525
9,106
14,160
22,107
36,362
64,531
110,685
128,797
141,875
166,550
185,018
206,133
228,402
40,454
48,288
58,602
65,734
82,211
95,433
110,685
117,140
119,704
129,392
133,808
139,025
144,242
237.5
231.7
326.3
455.8
672.1
1063.1
1630.1
1855.9
2001.4
2300.4
2503,6
2730.2
2962.4
1126.9
1228.7
1350.3
1355.3
1519.6
1572.2
1630.1
1687.9
1688.3
1787.2
1810.7
1841.4
1870.8
Contó.
281
Table 8.1 {Contd.)
1
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96®
@SOURCE :
2
292,232
346,210
402,931
470,269
542,691
618,969
719,548
843,294
967,763
3
163,121
185,226
198,082
208,481
209,621
220,489
233,805
249,903
267,330
Quick EstimatesEconomic Survey 1996-97, p. 53
4
258,891
309,289
357,285
418,074
479,612
546,023
637,996
748,652
857,570
5
149,787
165,750
177,315
186,446
186,191
195,630
207,264
221,406
236,738
6
3285.4
3B42.1
4346.5
4983.0
5602.9
6261.7
7184.6
8281.5
9321.4
7
1900.9
2059.0
2157.1
2222.2
2175.1
2243.5
2334.1
2449.2
2573.2
282
Table 8.2 Percentage of population below poverty line- India, 1973-74 — 1993-94
Year Rural Urban Combined
1973-74®1977-78®
1983-84®
1987-88®
1993-94®
56.4453.07
45.65
39.09
37.27
49.01
45.24
40.79
38.20
32.36
54.88
51.32
44.48
38.86
35.97
SOURCE : 1. Planning Commission2. Selected Socio-Economic Statistics India 1995, p.94.
Central Statistical Organisation@ : Planning Commission Estimates
283
Table 8.3 Number and percentage of population below poverty line by States,1987-88 and 1993-94
O i ale
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6,
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
!/UTs
Rural
19B7-B8
No. of Peroen-Persons tage of(Lakhs) Persons
Andhra Pradesh 96.38
Arunachal
Assam
Bihar
Delhi
Goa
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal
Pradesh 2.75
73.53
370.23
0.10
1.31
74.13
18.86
Pradesh 7.27
Jammu & Kashmir 14.11
Kamataka
Kerala
96.81
61.64
Madhya Pradesh 200.02
20.92
39.35
39.35
52.63
1.29
17.64
28.67
16.22
16.28
25.70
32.82
29.10
41.92
1993-94
No. ofPersons(Lakhs)
79.49
3.62
94.33
450.86
0.19
0.38
62.16
36.56
15.40
19.05
95.99
55.95
216.19
Percen-tage ofPersons
15.92
45.01
45.01
58,21
1.90
5.34
22.18
28,02
30.34
30.34
29.88
25.76
40.64
Urban
1987-88
No. ofPersons(Lakhs)
64.05
0.08
2.22
50.70
10.15
1.65
48.22
6.51
0.25
2.85
61.80
26.84
64.29
Percen-tage ofPersons
40.11
9.94
9 94
48.73
13.56
35.48
37.26
17.99
6.29
17.47
48.42
40.33
47.09
1993-94
No. ofPersons(Lakhs)
74.47
0.11
2.03
42.49
15.32
1.53
43.02
7.31
0.46
1.86
60.46
20,46
82.33
Percen-tage ofPersons
3B.33
7.73
7.73
34.50
16.03
27.03
27.89
16.38
9.18
9.18
40.14
24.55
48.38
Combined
1987-88
No. ofPetsons(Lakhs)
160.43
2.83
75.75
420.93
10.25
2.96
122.36
25.37
7.52
16.95
158.61
88.48
264.30
Percen-tage ofPersons
25 86
36.22
36.21
52.13
12.41
24.52
31.54
16.64
15.45
23.82
37.53
31.79
43.07
1993-94
No. ofPersons(Lakhs)
153.97
3.73
96.36
493.35
15.51
1.91
105,19
43.88
15.86
20.92
156.46
76.41
298.52
Percen-tage ofPersons
22.19
39.35
40.86
54.96
14.69
14.92
24.21
25.05
28.44
25.17
33.16
25.43
42.52
264
14.
15.
16.
17.
18
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31
32.
Maharashtra
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Nagaland
Onssa
Punjab
Rajaslhan
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Tripura
Uliar Pradesh
West Bengal
A & N. Islands
Chandigarh
D&NHaveli
Daman and Diu
Lakshadweep
Pondicherry
Total
186.89
4.83
5.18
1.46
3.49
149.38
17.09
104.97
1.31
161.80
8.49
429.74
223.37
0.83
O.OB
0.79
—
0.07
1.33
2318.79
40.78
39.35
39.35
39.35
39.35
57.64
12.60
33.21
39.35
45.80
39.35
41.10
4B.30
4S.B0
14.67
67.11
—
29.10
45.B0
39.09
193.33
6.33
7.09
1.64
4.85
140.90
17.76
94.68
1.81
121.70
11.41
496,17
209.90
0.73
0.07
0.72
0.03
0.06
0.93
2440.31
37.93
45.01
45.01
45.01
45.01
49.72
11.95
26.46
45.01
32.48
45.01
42.28
40.80
32.48
11.35
51.95
5.34
25.76
32.48
37.27
109.38
0.46
0.30
0.25
0.18
15.95
8.08
37.93
0.04
69.27
0.35
106.79
60.24
0.26
0.76
—
—
0.10
172
751.69
39.78
9.94
9.94
9.94
9.94
41.63
14.67
41.92
9.94
38.64
9.94
42.96
35.0B
38.64
14.67
—
—
40.33
38.64
38.20
111.90
0.47
0.29
0.30
0.20
19.70
7.35
33.82
0.03
80.40
0.38
10B.28
44.66
0.33
0.73
0.06
0.15
0.08
2.38
763.37
35.15
7.73
7.73
7.73
7.73
41.64
11.35
30.49
7.73
39.77
7.73
35.39
22.41
39.77
11.35
39.93
27.03
24.55
39.77
32.36
296.27
5.29
5.48
1.70
3.66
165.93
25.17
142.90
1.36
231.07
8.84
536.53
283.61
1.09
0.84
0.79
—
0.17
3.05
3070.49
40.41
31.35
33.92
27.52
34.43
55.58
13.20
35.15
36.06
43.39
35.23
41.46
44.72
43.B9
14.67
67.11
—
34.95
41.46
38.86
305.22
6.80
7.3B
1.94
5.05
160.60
25.11
12B.50
1.84
202.10
11.79
604.46
254.56
1.06
0.80
0.77
0.18
0.14
3.31
3203.68
36.86
33.7B
37.92
25.66
37.92
48.56
11.77
27.41
41.43
35.03
39.01
40.85
35.66
34.47
11.35
50.84
15,80
25.04
37.40
35.97
SOURCE : Planning Commission, Govt. of India.
285
Table 8.4 Housing stock and indicators of housing conditions in India,1971,1981 and 1991
SI.No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Items
Total census population(in Millions)
Number of residentialhouses (in millions)
Number of households(in millions)
Average number ofpersons per households
Average number of householdsperd welling
Average number ofpersons pers well ing
Houseless population(in thousands)
Percentage of populationbeing houseless
1971
548.2
93.0
100.5
5.6
1.04
6.0
1986
0.36
1981
685.2
111.6
123.4
5.7
1.07
5.8
2343
0.34
1991
836.60*
147.0
152.0
5.5
1.03
5.7
N.A.
N.A.
Excludes Jammu & Kashmir
N.A. Not available
SOURCE : Office of the Registrar General, India Selected Socio-Economie Statistics India, 1995
286
SI. No.
1
Items
2
Table8.5 Housing
Rural
3
amenities in India, 1973-74
Percentage of households
1973-74
Urban
4
1988-8
Rural
5
and 1988-89
;9@
Urban
6
2.
Drinking water supplysource
Tap
Well
Tubewetl & handpumps
Tanks & Ponds
River,Lake& Canal
Other Sources
Ail sources
Lighting
Kerosene
Electricity
Others
4.69
65.84
15.59
4.50
8.22
1.16
100.00
91.67
6.55
1.73
66.97
18.05
12.69
0.76
0.95
0.58
100.00
45.99
53.48
0.41
15.47
39.12
39.10
2.19
2.42
1.70
100.00
69.17
27.04
0.45
72.11
9.17
17.20
0.28
0.32
0.92
100.00
22.63
74.38
0.23
Contd.
287
Table 8.5 [Contd.)
No lighting
Not recorded
All types
Toilet facility
Rush
Tank system
Services
Other types
None
Alt types
—
0.05
100.00
0.48
1.73
2.50
2.28
92.40
100.00
—
0-12
100.00
20.08
13.92
30.25
2.26
3.01
100.00
3.21
0.13
100.00
1.06
3.70
1.62
4.37
89.25
100.00
2.59
0.17
100.00
26.98
25.87
11.75
4.29
31.11
100.00
@ NSS 49th round tabulation as housing is yet to be completed.
SOURCE : National Sample Survey, 28th Round (1973-74) and44th Round (1988-89) Selected Socio-EconomicStatistics India, 1995, p. 49
288
Table 8.6 Radio and television service in India, 1961-1995
Year
1
No. ofradiostations
2
No.ofT.V.refayCentres
3
EstimatedcoverageofPopula-tionby TV.(Million)
4
EstimatedProportionofPopulationcovered
5
1961
1966
1971
1976
1978
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
30
54
67
74
84
84
85
85
86
86
1
1
1
9
16
19
19
40
42
166
19.1
19.1
19.1
136.8
155.9
168.1
197.9
209.3
366.7
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.15
0.21
0.23
0.24
0.38
0.39
0.50
Contd.
209
Table 8.6 (Contd.)
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
19*92
1993
1994
88
93
94
96
98
104
125
143
154
173
176 381.3 0.51
185
224
274 ** **
335
520
529
531
553
564
SOURCE : Selected Socio-Economic Statistics India, 1995, CSO, Deptt oi Statistics, p. 100: Not available
290
Table 8.7 Post
Year
1
Offices and telephones in India, 1950-51 to 1994-95
Availability per hundred thousand population
Telephones
2
Post Offices
3
1950-51
1955-56
1960-61
1965-66
1970-71
1975-76
1980-81
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
1985-86
46.5
70.2
105.4
175.3
235.9
314.2
406.5
425.8
449.5
473.8
497.9
531.4
10.0
9.6
17.5
19.8
19.9
19.5
20.3
20.1
19.9
19.8
19.4
19.0
Contd.
291
7aó/eS.7(Contd.)
1986-87
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
567.9
600.8
634.2
675.0
721.3
794.2
913.5
1051.4
N A
18.5
18.3
18.0
18.1
17.6
17.8
18.0
18.1
18.1
SOURCE : Selected Socio-Economic Statistics India 1995, CSO, Ministry of Planning &Programme Implementation, Govt. of India, New Delhi, p. 102
292
Table 8.8 Films and Cinemas in India 1951-1996
Year Number No. of Cinema Halls 6of feature
films Perma- Touring* Teta!nent
19S1
1956
1961
1966
1971
1976
1978
1979
1980
1961
1982
1983
1984
219
295
303
316
433
507
619
714
742
737
767
741
833
2394
2780
3174
3808
4482
5650
6030
6216
6405
6667
6991
7145
7522
844
875
1325
1639
2505
3367
3521
3744
4157
4146
4248
4537
4768
3238
3655
4499
5447
6987
9017
9551
9960
10562
10813
11239
11682
12284
Cartel
293
Table 8.8 (Contd.)
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
SOURCE: Si
912
840
806
773
781
948
910
836
812
754
795
N.A.
alerted Socio-Eoon
7677
8069
8221
8469
8559
8689
8838
8886
8947
8930
8972
8946
lomic Statistics India. 19E
4711
4632
4511
4714
4796
4462
4343
4116
4038
4013
3970
3956
15, CSO. Minist
12338
12701
1273i2
13183
13355
13151
13181
13002
12985
12943
12942
12902
N.A
Implementation, Govt. of India, New Delhi, p. 100Figures are as on 31st MarchIncludes MilitaryNot Available
294
Table 8.9 Per capita annual consumption of electricity and petroleum products,1950-51 to 1994-95
Year
1
1950-51
1955-56
1960-61
1965-66
1970-71
1975-76
1979-80
1980-81
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
Electri-city (Kwh)(Domestic)
2
—
—
—
—
7.0
9.7
12.1
13.5
15.1
17.0
18.3
21.0
Spirit
3
1.8
2.1
1.9
2.2
2.9
2.1
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.5
2.6
2.9
Petroleum Products (Kg.)
HighSpeeddiesalOil
4
0.5
1.1
2.8
4.8
7.7
11.0
15.0
15.5
15.7
17.2
17.6
18.7
Kerosene
5
2.5
3.6
4.5
5.2
6.6
5.2
5.9
6.3
6.9
7.5
7.7
8.2
Others
6
2.7
3.0
4.0
5.8
13.3
13.5
16.4
16.4
16.3
16.1
16.0
16.0 Contó.
295
7ab/e8.9{Contd.)
1
1985-86
1986-87
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-96 P
P :
c m lor^cr
2
22.9
25.1
28.2
30.9
36.1
38.2
41.9
45.6
48.7
—
ProvisionalNot Available
3
ao3.2
3.6
3.9
4.2
4.2
4.2
4.2
4.5
4.8
4
19.7
20.6
22.3
23.8
25.2
25.0
26.9
28.7
30.6
32.6
5
8.3
8.6
9.1
9.8
10.0
10.0
9.9
10.0
10.3
10.3
LJininlvtf A# Dlnnn
6
16.0
16.1
15.5
18.4
18.8
26.0
26.5
26.3
25.8
27.7
.¡AM n n ^ J ^3i*%MtM*É r̂t̂ »%js
Implementation, Govt of India, New Delhi
296
9. Fifty Years of Independence
297
Table 9.1 Basic indicators of human development
Year
1
1951
1961
1971
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
Life Expec-tancy atbirth +(Years)
2
32.1
41.3
45.6
50.4
NA
55.4
NA
NA
NA
NA
57.7
58.3
58.7
Birthrate*
3
39.9
41.7
36.9
33.9
33.8
33.7
33.9
32.9
32.6
32.2
31.5
30.6
30.2
Deathrate*
(per thousand)
4
27.4
22.8
14.9
12.5
11.9
11.9
12.6
11.8
11.1
10.9
11.0
10.3
9.7
InfantMortality
rate*
5
146
146
129
110
105
105
104
97
96
95
94
91
80
Per capitaNNPat1980-81
prices" (Rs)
6
1127
1350
1520
1630
1693
1691
1790
1811
1841
1870
1901
2059
2157
Contó.299
Table 9.1 (Contd.)
1
19911992199319941995p
NA :
2
59.460.8
NANANA
Not Available
3
29.529.228.728.728.3
4
9.810.19.39.39.0
5
8079747474
6
22222175224323342449
SOURCE :
Data for 1951, 1961, 1971 and 1981 relate to the decades 1941-50, 1951-60, 1961-70 and1971 -80 respectively, centred at mid-point of the decade i.e. 1946,1956,1966 and 1976. For1983, date relate to 1983, data relate to 1961-85, centred at 1983. The estimates centred at1988,1989,1990 and 1991 referto the periods 1986-90,1987-91,1988-92 and 1989-93. For1992, it is based on the extrapolated values of the Standing Committee of Experts on PopulationProjection, centred at June 1992.
Data for 1951,1961 and 1971 relate to population aged 5 years and above and those for 1981and 1991 relate to population aged 7 years and above. Data exclude Assam for 1981 andJammu and Kashmir for 1991.
Data for 1951,1961 relate to the decades 1941-50,1951-60 respectively and the estimatesfor 1971 and 1981 onwards are based on the Sample Registration System (SRS).
Relate to financial years 1950-51, 1960-61 and so on.
(¡} Registrar General & Census Commissioner of India
(ii) Central Statistical Organisation.
(iii) Economic Survey 1996-97 300
Table 9.2 Growth of population and changes in population characteristics
Year Totalpopu-lation
(Million)
AnnualGrowth
Rate{Ex-ponentiat
BtrthRateperl 000
DeathRate(Per
1000)
Life Expectan-cy at Birth
(Years)Male Female
Density(population
perSq. Km.)
1951
1961
1971
1981
1991
361.1
439.2
548.2
683.3
846.3
1.25
1.96
2.20
2.22
2.14
41.7
41.2
36.9
33.9
29.5
22.8
19.0
14.9
12.5
9.8
32.45
41.89
46.40
54.10
57.7(a)
31.66
40.55
44.70
54.70
58.1 (a)
117
142
177
216
274
(a) Figures relate to the period 1986-90
SOURCE : Registrar General of India :{i) Decennial Census Reports (ii) Sample Registration System.
301
Table 9.3 Sex ratio of Indian population
Year Sex-ratio {No. of females per 1000 males)
Rural Urban Combined
860 946
845 941
858 930
879 934+
894 927
SOURCE : Office of the Registrar General, india, Part II B (i) 1991
Including Assam@ The 1991 census was not held in J & K. for working out Sex-Ratio for India and J & K the
population figures for J & K as projected by the Standing Committee on Population Projection(Oct-1989) have been taken.
+ The 1981 Census could not be held in Assam for working out sex-ratio for India & Assamthe population figures for 1981 for Assam worked out by interpolation have been taken
1951
1961
1971
1981*
1991®
965
963
949
951
939
302
Table 9.4 Features of population of India - 1991
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Annualexponentialgrowth rate
1981-91(Percent)
1
INDIA/States
Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Goa
Gujarat
Haryana
H ¡martial Pradesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Karrtataka
Kerala
2
2.14
2.17
3.14
2.17
2.11
1.49
1.92
2.42
1.89
2.54
1.92
1.34
Populationaged 0-6years as
percentageof total
population
3
17.94
16.49
21.12
19.73
20.57
11.74
16.53
18.98
16.25
NA
16.63
13.19
Density{popu-lation
perSq. Km.)
4
274
242
10
286
497
316
211
372
93
NA
235
749
Total
5
52.21
44.09
41.59
52.89
38.48
75.51
61.29
55.85
63.86
NA
56.04
89.81
Literacy rate*{percent}
Male
6
64.13
55.13
51.45
61.87
52.49
83.64
73.13
69.10
75.36
NA
67.26
93.62
Female
7
39.29
32.72
29.69
43.03
22.89
67.09
48.64
40.47
52.13
NA
44.34
86.17
Work participation rate{total workers as percentage
of total population)
Total
8
37.46
45.05
46.24
36.09
32.16
35.28
40.23
31.00
42.83
NA
41.99
31.43
Male
9
51.55
55.48
53.76
49.45
47.92
49.56
53.57
48.51
50.64
NA
54.09
47.58
Female
10
22.25
34.32
37.49
21.61
14.86
20.52
25.96
10.76
34.81
NA
29.39
15.85
Contd.
303
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
1
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Nagaland
Orissa
Punjab
Rajasthan
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Trip ura
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
2
2.38
2.29
2.57
2.84
3.34
4.45
1.83
1.89
2.50
2.51
1.43
2.95
2.27
2.21
Table
3
19.78
17.11
16.69
22.18
18.60
17.15
16.89
16.30
20.18
18.37
13.33
18.03
20.27
16.98
9.4
4
149
257
82
79
33
73
203
403
129
57
429
263
473
767
(Contd.)
5
44.20
64.87
59.89
49.10
82.27
61.67
49.09
58.51
38.55
56.94
62.66
60.44
41.60
57.70
6
58.42
76.56
71.63
53.12
85.61
67.62
63.09
65.66
54.99
65.74
73.75
70.58
55.73
67.81
7
28.85
52.32
47.60
44.85
78.60
54.75
34.68
50.41
20.44
46.69
51.33
49.65
25.31
46.56
8
42.82
42.97
42.18
42.67
48.91
42.68
37.53
30.88
38.87
41.51
43.31
31.14
32.20
32.19
9
52.26
52.17
45.27
50.07
53.87
46.86
53.79
54.22
49.30
51.26
56.39
47.55
49.68
51.40
10
32.68
33.11
38.96
34.93
43.52
37.96
20.79
4.40
27.40
30.41
29.89
13.76
12.32
11.25
304
Union Territories
1.
2.
3.
4.
S.
6.
7.
Andaman & NicobarIslands
Chandigarh
D adra & Nagar Haveli
Daman & Diu
Delhi
Lakshadweep
Pondicherry
3.97
3.52
2.89
2.52
4.15
2.51
2.90
16.51
14.92
20.46
15.53
17.06
18.30
13.67
34
5632
282
907
6352
1616
1642
73.02
77.81
40.71
71.20
75.29
81.78
74.74
78.99
82.04
53.56
82.66
82.01
90.18
83.68
65.46
72.34
26.98
59.40
66.99
72.89
65.63
35.24
34.94
53.25
37.63
31.64
26.43
33.08
53.32
54.34
57.50
51.63
51.72
44.17
50.55
13.13
10.39
48.79
23.17
7.36
1.60
15.24
NA : Not Available
* Relates to population aged seven years and above.
NOTE : Census was not conducted in J&K in 1991 and includes projected population lor J&K in 1991.However, the rates in cols. 4 to 11 excludes J&K.
SOURCE : Census of India 1991, Series-1, Paper-2 of 1992. Final Population Totals - Brief Analysis ofPrimary Census Abstract. Economic Survey 1996-97.
305
60 -i
Fig. 9 : Infant Mortality Rates
20 -
00 -
80 -
60 -
40 -
20 -
01971 1976 1981 1986 1991
•Rural ESUrban ^Combined
1995
306
Table
Year
9.5 Infant mortality
Rural
rates by rural and
Urban
urban areas in India
Combined
1971 138 82 1291976 139 80 1291977 140 81 1301978 137 74 1271979 130 72 1201981 119 62 1101982 114 65 1051983 114 66 1051984 113 66 1041985 107 59 971986 105 62 961987 104 61 951988 102 62 941989 98 58 911990 86 50 801991* 87 53 801992* 85 53 791993* 82 45 741994* 80 52 741995* P 80 48 74
SOURCE : Office of the Registrar General, India, (Sample Registration System)* Excludes Jammu & Kashmir and MizoramP Provisional
307
Table 9.6 Age specific mortality rates - India (Combined)
Age-group(Year)
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70+
AN ages
1971*
51.9
4.7
2.0
2.4
3.6
3.7
4.6
5.7
6.7
9.5
16.8
21.2
34.9
48.4
109.3
14.9
1976*
51.0
4.8
2.4
2.7
3.4
3.9
4.5
4.8
7.2
9.5
16.2
23.6
40.3
51.4
99.5
15.0
1981
41.2
4.0
1.7
2.4
3.1
3.2
4.0
4.4
5.8
8.5
13.2
20.6
33.0
46.4
97.4
12.5
1986
36.6
3.3
1.6
2.3
2.9
3.0
3.3
4.2
5.6
7.8
12.6
17.8
31.3
44.0
91.0
11.1
1987
35.2
3.3
1.5
2.2
2.8
2.7
3.2
3.7
5.3
7.6
11.8
17.9
30.7
42.3
89.4
10.9
308
Age-group(Year)
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
36-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70+
All ages
1988
33.3
3.2
1.5
2.2
2.8
2.6
3.0
4.0
5.4
7.8
12.2
18.4
29.7
45.0
93.B
11.0
1989
29.9
2.8
1.5
2.1
2.9
2.8
2.9
3.7
5.0
7.4
11.0
17.0
27.7
42.6
85.4
10.3
1990
26.3
2.5
1.4
2.1
2.7
2.6
3.0
3.6
5.1
7.7
11.2
17.8
25.9
42.5
85.1
9.7
1991 ®
26.5
2.7
1.5
2.1
2.8
3.1
3.1
3.9
4.8
7.4
11.3
17.6
28.5
41.6
91.4
9.8
1992©
26.5
2.9
1.4
2.2
2.8
2.7
3.2
3.8
5.1
7.5
11.5
17.8
28.6
43.8
91.5
10.1
1993®
23.7
2.2
1.4
1.9
2.9
2.7
2.8
3.4
4.5
6.7
11.2
17.6
27.5
40.3
87.6
9.3
SOURCE : Office of the Registrar Genera!, India, Sample Registration System.
Excludes Bihar and West Bengal
@ ExcludesJammu&Kashmir
309
Table 9.7 Age specific mortality rates - India (Urban)
Age-group(Year)
0-4
5-910-1415-1920-24
25-2930-3435-3940-4445-4950-5455-5960-6465-6970+
All ages
1971*
32.22.71.41.6
2.2
2.63.14.4
5.68.0
13.619.430.9
42.891.5
9.7
1976*
29.7
2.81.31.7
2.62.63.03.76.79.0
13.720.128.944.086.6
9.5
1981
20.41.71.51.61.81.72.83.64.86.9
11.618.528.439.379.7
7.8
1986
20.91.7
1.01.7
2.12.32.43.34.07.3
11.818.027.238.288.1
7.6
1987
18.21.61.01.5
1.91.92.32.94.36.4
10.716.7
27.541.088.5
7.4
310
Age-group(Year)
0-4
5-910-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70+
All ages
1988
18.7
1.7
0.9
1.3
2.2
1.8
2.4
3.4
4.2
6.7
11.9
19.4
26.6
41.9
91.7
7.7
1989
16.9
1.5
0.8
1.5
2.1
2.0
2.1
2.7
4.3
6.6
10.4
17.3
26.3
40.1
82.2
7.2
1990
15.1
1.4
0.9
1.4
1.8
2.0
2.0
2.6
4.1
7.3
9.9
16.6
24.8
40.7
81.1
6.8
1991©
16.0
1.5
1.0
1.4
1.9
2.4
2.3
3.5
4.1
6.3
10.7
17.7
26.5
38.0
84.1
7.1
1992
15.6
1.4
0.7
1.4
2.0
2.1
2.3
3.0
4.0
6.4
10.2
16.4
25.5
37.1
82.0
7.0
1993
13.4
0.5
1.2
1.1
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.5
3.6
4.8
8.3
12.1
20.6
29.5
65.5
5.5
SOURCE : Office of the Registrar General, India. Sample Registration System
* : Excludes Bihar and West Bengal
@ : Excludes Jammu & Kashmir
311
Table 9.8 Age specific mortality rates-India (Rural)
Age-group(Year)
0-45-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70+
All ages
1971*
56.25.2
2.2
2.7
4.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
9.0
17.5
21.6
35.7
49.5
112.8
16.4
1976*
55.25.2
2.6
2.9
3.7
4.3
5.0
5.1
7.4
9.7
16.6
24.1
42.8
53.0
101.6
16.3
1981
45.54.6
1.8
2.6
3.4
3.6
4.3
4.6
6.1
8.9
13.6
21.0
34.1
47.9
101.5
13.7
1986
40.83.7
1.7
2.5
3.2
3.3
3.6
4.6
6.0
7.9
12.9
17.8
32.3
45.4
91.8
12.2
1987
39.73.8
1.6
2.4
3.1
3.0
3.5
4.0
5.7
7.9
12.1
18.2
31.5
42.6
89.6
12.0
312
Age-group(Year)
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70+
All ages
1988
35.7
3.6
1.7
2.5
3.0
2.9
3.2
4.2
5.8
8.1
12.3
18.2
30.4
45.7
94.3
12.0
1989
33.2
3.2
1.7
2.2
3.1
3.0
3.2
4.0
5.2
7.6
11.2
16.9
28.1
43.3
86.2
11.1
1990
29.1
2.9
1.5
2.2
3.0
2.9
3.3
3.9
5.4
7.811.5
18.1
26.2
42.9
86.1
10.5
1991 @
29.1
3.0
1.6
2.3
3.0
3.3
3.3
4.1
5.1
7.8
11.5
17.6
29.0
42.5
93.3
10.6
1992
29.1
3.3
1.6
2.4
3.1
2.9
3.54.0
5.4
7.8
11.8
18.2
29.4
45.4
94.1
10.9
1993®
26.6
2.8
1.5
2.2
2.9
3.0
3.2
3.8
4.9
7.4
12.2
19.3
29.9
43.7
95.2
10.6
SOURCE : Office of the Registrar Genera), India, Sample Registration System
* : Excludes Bihar and West Bengal
@ : Excludes Jammu& Kashmir
313
Table 9.9 Percentage of literates by age and sex in India
Age groupYears
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-34
35 & above
All Ages
M
25.0
54.4
52.0
49.8
42.5
35.3
34.5
1961
F
14.4
28.4
23.8
18.2
13.9
7.7
13.0
P
19.8
42.3
38.4
33.6
28.5
22.2
24.0
M
27.2
59.8
63.3
60.7
50.2
38.0
39.5
1971
F
18.9
38.2
37.7
28.7
19.3
10.7
18.7
P
23.1
49.6
51.4
44.7
34.B
25.2
29.5
M
34.7
66.8
66.1
66.6
60.7
44.7
46.9
1981
F
25.6
44.8
43.3
37.2
28.9
14.5
24.8
P
30.2
56.4
55.4
52.0
45.1
30.3
36.2
M
62.6
77.0
75.3
71.6
64.7
52.6
64.1
1991*
F
51.0
59.7
54.9
43.8
36.6
22.0
39.3
P
56.9
68.8
65.8
57.8
50.8
30.1
52.2
SOURCE : Registrar General of India
Note : For 1981, ligures exclude Assam state where 1981 census could not be conducted due todisturbed conditions prevailing there at that time
: Based on Population 7 years and above age group 5 & above also excludes age not stated.1991 figures also excluded JammuA Kashmir as the census was not held in that State.
314
Table 9.10 Gross enrolment as percentage to the total populationby age and sex in India
Year
1
Male
2
Age{6-11Years)
Female
3
Total
4
Male
5
Age(11-14Years)
Female
6
Total
7
1950-511955-56
1960-61
1965-66
1970-71
1975-76
1980-81
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
1985-86
1986-87
60.668.2
82.6
96.3
92.6
95.7
95.8
103.0
106.9
110.3
111.1
111.8
24.831.0
41.4
56.5
59.1
62.0
64.1
69.7
72.6
76.0
79.2
79.2
43.150.0
62.4
76.7
76.4
79.3
80.5
86.8
90.2
93.6
95.6
96.0
20.624.6
33.2
44.2
46.5
47.0
54.3
58.3
60.6
61.3
61.8
66.5
4.6
6.6
11.3
17.0
20.8
23.8
28.6
31.8
33.2
34.1
35.3
39.0
12.915.9
22.5
30.8
34.2
35.6
41.9
45.5
47.3
48.1
49.0
53.1
Contd.
315
Table 9.10 (Conid.)
1
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93P
1993-94P
1994-95P
1995-96P
2
113.1
115.7
109.7
113.9
112.8
118,1
115.3
114.8
114.5
3
81.6
82.5
81.3
85.5
86.9
92.7
92.9
92.6
93.3
4
97.9
99.6
95.9
100.1
100.2
105.7
104.5
104.0
104.3
5
68.9
70.8
72.0
76.6
75.1
80.5
79.3
79.0
79.5
6
40.6
42.3
42.2
47.0
49.6
53.8
55.2
55.0
55.0
7
55.1
57.0
57.4
62.1
62.8
67.5
67.7
67.2
67.6
SOURCE : Ministry of Human Resource Development, Department of Education
P : Provisional
Note : Figures lor 1980-81 onwards are based on revised population estimates on the basis of 1981Census supplied by the office of the Registrar General, India
316
Fig. 10 : Percentage of Female Students toTotal Number of Students at Different
Levels of Education
50 -f
40 -
30 -
20 -
10 -
Percentage of Female Students
1950-51 55-56 60-61 65-66 70-71 75-76 80-81 85-86 90-91 95-96
Classes• i - v ravi-vm
317
Table 9.11 Percentage of female students to total number of students atdifferent levels of education
Year
1
I-IV
2
Classes
VI-VIII
3
IX-XI/X1I @ @
4
1950-51
1955-56
1960-61
1965-66
1970-71
1975-76
1979-80
1980-81
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
28.1
30.5
32.6
36.2
37.4
38.1
38.2
38.6
38.6
38.9
39.0
39.2
17.1
20.2
24.3
27.0
29.2
31.4
32.4
32.8
33.0
33.7
33.9
34.3
13.1
16.5
18.7
23.0
26.0.@
28.1®
29.2@
30.5
30.0
29.9
30.6
30.2
318
1985-86
1986-87
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90P
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93P
1993-94P
1994-95P
1995-96P
40.3
40.7
40.8
41.0
41.2
41.5
41.4
42.6
42.7
42.8
43.2
35.1
35.0
35.5
35.7
35.8
36.9
38.2
38.8
39.1
38.9
39.0
30.6
31.3
31.5
32.7
34.1
32.9
33.8
33.9
34.3
34.4
35.3
SOURCE : Ministry of Human Resource Development, Department of Education
P : Provisional
@ : Includes enrolment in high/post basic schools, higher secondary (Old pattern), and 10+2 pattern@ @ : Includes enrolment in high/post basic schools, higher secondary (Old pattern), 10+2 pattern,
Intermediate and pre-university
319
Fig. 11: Pupil-Teacher Ratio in Schools
50 -d
40 -
30 -
20 -
10 -
! I I I I I I I I
1950-51 55-56 60-61 65-66 70-71 75-76* 80-81 85-86 90-91 95-96
-•-Primary -(-Middle ^-Secondary
320
Table 9.12 Pupil-teacher ratio in schools
Year Primary(I-V)
Middle(VI-VM)
Secondary(IX-XI)
1
1950-51
1955-56
1960-61
1965-66
1970-71
1975-76
1979-80
1980-81
1961-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
1985-86
1986-87
24
33
36
39
39
38
38
38
39
40
41
41
42
41
20
34
31
32
32
30
33
33
34
34
36
36
35
35
21
25
25
26
25
25
27
27
27
28
28
28
29
29
Conld.
321
7aWe9.í2(Contd.)
1
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93P
1993-94P
1994-95P
1995-96P
41
42
41
43
44
45
50
47
48
35
36
36
37
38
43
38
38
39
31
30
31
31
32
30
NA
33
33
SOURCE : Ministry of Human Resource Development, Department of EducationP : ProvisionalNA : Not Available
322
Table 9.13 Number of girls per 100 boys enrolled in schools and colleges
Year Primary(l-V)
Middle(VI-VIII)
Secondary(IX-X1)
Colleges &Universitiesfor generaleducation
1950-51
1955-56
1960-61
1965-66
1970-71
1975-76
1979-80
1980-81
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
39
44
48
57
60
62
62
63
63
64
64
65
18
25
32
37
41
46
48
49
49
51
51
52
16
21
23
30
35
39
41
44
43
41
43
44
11
14
21
25
27
39
42
42
46
46
46
49
Contó.
323
Table 9.13 (Conid.)
1985-86
1986-87
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93P
1993-94P
1994-95P
1995-96P
67
69
69
70
70
71
72
74
75
75
76
54
54
55
55
56
58
62
63
65
64
64
44
46
47
50
50
50
52
53
55
55
57
51
51
46®
46@
48 @
50®
48©
50®
50@
52®
56©
SOURCE : Ministry of Human Resource Development, Department of Education
P : Provisional
© : Excludes professional technical and special courses
324
Table 9.14 Enrolment of boys by stages of education in India(in thousands)
Stage
A. GeneralEducationPre-PrimaryPrimaryMiddleHigh/HigherSecondary
Post-Matric butbelow Degree levelDegree and above
B. Professional/Tech./VocationalEducationSchool levelPost-Matric butbelow Degree levelDegree and above
1961
9722687S538
2776
47774
393
-176
1971
190357399426
4872
6131252
313
367327
19B1
6354528613934
6157
22451631
369
408513
1986
7765224717736
8437
30272099
468
418606
1991
8905695521487
9571
43262408
NA
NA728
1994
105B6160424213
10179
50942711
NA
NA811
1995
11306225724513
10534
52092793
NA
NA824
1996
11586236124971
10711
53963160
NA
NANA
Includes 10+2 Intermediate/Junior Colleges/Pre-uni versifySources : 1. Ministry of Human Resource Development
(i) Education in India (ii) Selected Educational Statistics2. University Grants Commission
325
Table 9.15 Enrolment of girls by stages of education in India(in thousands)
Stage
A. General EducationPre-Primary
Primary
Middle
High/HigherSecondary
Post-Mairie but belowDegree level
Degree and above
B. Professional/Tech./Vocational EducationSchool level
Post-Matric but belowDegree level
Degree and above
1961
82
10944
1941
687
94
354
101
_
33
1971
168
21306
3889
1708
228
396
109
81
51
1981
523
28488
6790
2650
834
689
155
111
110
1986
650
35194
9574
3735
1308
1060
187
122
137
1991
745
40420
12439
4794
2032
1264
NA
NA
173
1994
883
46396
15701
5604
2471
1435
NA
NA
189
1995
986
46787
15775
5793
2602
1518
NA
NA
235
1996
981
47373
16043
6069
2713
1865
NA
NA
NA
* Includes 10+2 Intermediate/Junior Coileges/Pre-universitySOURCES : 1. Ministry of Human Resource Development
(¡} Education in India (ii) Selected Educational Statistics2. University Grants Commission
326
Table 9.16 Enrolment in different stages of education as per cent ofpopulation in the appropriate age groups
All India
Year
1
1961
1971
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
Boys
2
82.6
92.6
95.8
98.9
103.0
106.9
110.3
111.1
110.0
114.0
Primary Classes1-V{6-11 Years)
Girls
3 •
41.4
59.1
64.1
66.2
69.6
72.6
75.9
79.2
79.8
83.2
Total
4
62.4
76.4
80.5
83.0
86.8
90.2
93.6
95.6
95.3
99.0
Boys
5
33.2
46.5
54.3
56.0
58.3
60.6
61.3
61.8
61.0
63.1
Middle ClassesVI-VIII(11-14Years)
Girls
6
11.3
20.8
28.8
29.7
31.7
33.2
34.0
35.3
34.7
36.6
Total
7
22.5
34.2
41.9
43.3
45.5
47.3
48.1
49.0
48.2
50.2
High/Higher SecondaryClasses IX-XI/XII
(14-i7Years)
Boys
8
16.7
27.1
23.1
24.1
25.1
25.4
31.7
32.7
30.8
29.5
Girls
9
4.1
10.2
11.1
11.3
11.6
12.1
14.7
15.5
15.6
14.5
Total
10
10.6
19.0
17.3
18.0
18.6
19.0
23.5
24.4
24.0
22.2
Contd.
327
Table 9.16 (Contd.)
1
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
2
109.2
109.7
115.3
116.6
118.1
115.3
114.8
114.5
3
86.3
81.3
86.0
88.1
92.7
92.9
92.5
93.3
4
95.1
95.9
101.0
102.7
105.7
104.5
104.0
104.3
5
61.4
72.0
73.4
74.2
80.5
79.3
78.9
79.5
6
35.8
42.2
46.1
47.4
53.8
55.2
54.5
54.9
7
48.9
57.4
60.1
61.2
67.5
67.7
67.2
67.6
8
28.4
31.2
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
9
15.3
16.3
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
10
22.1
24.0
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
SOURCE : Ministry of Human Resource Development:(i) A Hand Book of Educational and Allied Statistics(ii) Education in India(iii) Selected Educational Statistics
328
Table 9.17 Child population, education and estimates of child labour in urbanIndia 1951-1991
1
Child Population {0-14)
i. 0 -4
ii. 5 -9
Mi. 10-14
iv. 5 - 14
Full Time Students¡. 0-14 yrs (Census data)
ii. 5-14 yrs(MHRD data)
Full Time Child Workersi. Census data based estimate
2
MaleFemaleMaleFemaleMaleFemaleMaleFemaleMaleFemate
MaleFemaleMaleFemale
MateFemale
1951
3
108121901009999038229703638780332982031701203659400329109069802206461210
1961
4
159510321482753255061155317179562610852963814B188094213972
104449179510353
6348944434730188814156139828
565910232515
1971
5
2204152020541950719376169085237688529720529371592306428134
1484775913633427
91181577087614
607618167912
1981
6
296563232788644491742088923979
102976599701068
101844569261397
204821151B962465
142661851153271413222038
9739351
739102252514
1991*
7
44320574396136821458303013034836158372361415501813900306124236282973754426578846
20466897
160131471984503016916332
9284542345411
Contd.
329
Table 9.17 {Contd.)
1951 1961 1971 1981 1991*
1
ii. NSS data based estimate
Non-Workers 4
Non-students (5-14 yrs)
i. Census data
based estimate
ii. MHRD& NSS data
based estimates
Child Marginal Workers
I. Census estimate 81 & 91
Estimates of Total Child
Workers (Urban)
¡. Census data based estimate
¡t. MHRD& NSS data
based estimates
Male
Female
MaleFemaleMale
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
101269
217571
NANA
620428
280555
3530063
4930537
943074
3069970
NANA
565910
232515
620428
280555
850000
440000
5121984
6377901
NANA
607618
167912
850000
440000
1123990
562512
5476828
7177210
6136087
B660602
31556
47832
770658
300346
1155546
610344
1294322
665081
8342106
10227771
8598192
8997433
216817
403308
1145358
741236
1511139
1068389
SOURCES : 1. Census of India, 1951,1961,1971,1981 & Population Table RG's SRS & NFHSforagegroup shares
2. Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Educational Statistics
330
3. National Sample Survey, Report No. 8,16th, 17th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 45th, 46th and47th Rounds.
4. Marginal Workers data is from the Census of India 1981,1991, Part til (b) (vi), GeneralEconomic Tables.
Notes : (i) 1981 NSS estimates of Full-time child workers is taken computed by using 1983work participation rate,
(ii) For 1991 NSS estimates, July to December, 1991 P work participation rates from47th Rounds have been used,
(iii) NSS based Child Worker estimates are calculated from NSS participation ratesand Census Child Population data.
(iv) Chaudhri, D.P. (1995), Dynamic Profile of Child Labour in India (work-in-progress)(v) 1951 full time students data is from the Census of India, Paper No. 5,1954.(vi) 1971 NSS estimates of full time child worker is as given by NSS Table for 1972-
73.(vii) 1991 Full time students Census data and Full time Child Worders Census data is
approximated from MHRD data and NSS estimates respectively,(viii) 1951 NSS estimates of child workers are based on 1960-61 participation rates
because 8th round female child labour participation rates are un realistically highat 12.5 percent of the females for the rural areas.
* For assumptions involved in 1991 Census based child related estimates, seetext. In view of this, Child Labour estimates should be interpreted with caution.1991 census based estimates & projections differ considerably. In Tables 1.3 &1.4, we report projections while in this table estimates are used.
331
Table 9.18 Employment in organised sector by public and private sectors
All India
Year
196119711981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996
SOURCE : Directorate General of Employment and Training.
Public
70.50107.31154.84159.46164.57168.69172.70176.84180.24183.20185.09187.72190.57192.10193.26194.45194.66194.29
Employment(Lakhs)
Private
50.4067.4273.9575.4775.5273.4673.0973.7473.6473.9274.5375.8276.7678.4678.5179.3080.5985.12
Total
120.90174.73228.79234.93240.09242.15245.79250.5B253.88257.12259.62263.54267.33270.56271.77273.75275.25279.41
Percentage of Womenemployment
to total employment
10.911.012.212.312.512.612.913.013.213.413.614.114.114.414.815.215.415.8
332
Table 9.19 Households and housing stock(In Million)
Year
19511961197119811991®
19511961197119811991®
19511961197119811991®
No of Households
53.668.979.694.1
111.6
12.315.620.929.340.4
65.984.5
100.5123.4152.0
No of OccupiedResidential Houses
Rural54.165.172.788.7*
107.9Urban
10.313.818.128.0*39.1
Total64.478.990.8
116.7*147.0
Surplus(+)Deficit(-) Houses
0.53.86.95.43.7
2.01.82.81.31.3
1.55.69.76.75.0
SOURCE : Office of the Registrar General, India Figure inclusive of AssamN.B : Surplus/Deficit has been worked out on the assumption that each households and occupied
residential houses indicate the apparent gap in housing@ Excludes Jammu & Kashmir
333
Table 9.20 Occupied housing units by number of rooms per housing unitsand average number of persons per room with rural-urban break-up
1
1981*
Total
Rate
Urban
Rate
Rural
Rate
1991+
Total
Rate
Totaloccupied
housing unite
2
118614803
100.0
28541877
100.0
90072926
100.0
151032996
100.0
One roomunits
3
53046175
44.7
13072617
45.8
39973558
44.4
61154743
40.5
Occupied housing units $ by
number of room
Two room
units
4
33948609
28.6
7947026
27.8
26001783
28.9
46180064
30.6
Threeroomunits
5
14496724
12.2
3484741
12.2
11011983
12.2
20910465
13.8
Four room
units
6
7482461
6.3
1804721
6.3
5677740
6.3
10791101
7.2
five ormore
rooms
7
6852624
5.B
1626979
5.7
5225645
5.8
10608294
7.0
unknown
8
2788010
2.4
605793
2.1
- 2182217
2.4
1388231
0.9
Total number ¡of rooms
forat units
9
242795971
60924094
181871877
ftwragesize
(roomper
units)
10
2.0
2.1
2.0
Averagenumber
ofpersons
perroom
11
2.7
2.6
2.8
334
Urban
Rate
Rural
Rate
39493450
100.0
111539448
100.0
15620078
39.5
45534665
40.8
11992915
30.4
34187149
30.7
5852191
14.8
15058274
13.5
3070829
7.8
7720272
6.9
2751947
7.0
78S6347
7.0
205490
0.5
1182741
1.1
S O U R C E : Office of the Registrar General, tndia* Excluding Assam- Excluding Jammu & Kashmir
$ Excluding houseless and Institutional HouseholdsNote : Unknown also includes households with no exclusive rooms
335