HindawiApplied Bionics and BiomechanicsVolume 2019, Article ID 3651309, 2 pageshttps://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3651309

EditorialBioimaging Innovations in Bionics and Biomechanics

Yuan-Chiao Lu ,1 Ozan Erol ,2 Santiago Orrego ,3 Yao Wu,1 and Li Zhao 4

1Division of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA2Hopkins Extreme Materials Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA3Department of Oral Health Sciences, Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA4Department of Biomedical Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA

Correspondence should be addressed to Yuan-Chiao Lu; yclu@jhu.edu

Received 3 September 2019; Accepted 6 September 2019; Published 14 October 2019

Copyright © 2019 Yuan-Chiao Lu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

1. Introduction

Recent advances in computational and bioimaging tech-niques have greatly enhanced the ability of engineers and sci-entists to better understand the dynamics of the human bodyand functions of living organisms. Specifically, progressivecomputational, mathematical, and physics-based approacheshave helped researchers to develop sophisticated novel tech-niques that can solve the problems encountered in the fieldsof bionics and biomechanics with improved visualization ofbiological systems and design of new medical devices. Theseadvances in imaging and visualization methods are helpingto identify, classify, and quantify patterns in bionics and bio-mechanical investigations.

The theme of this Special Issue is to explore the stateof the art of bionics and biomechanical research usingbioimaging technology. The Special Issue consists of originalcontributions addressing challenges in understanding themechanics and functions of biological systems and livingorganisms solved by innovative bioimaging methods. Thescope of the Special Issue includes the bioimaging analysisin biomechanics, investigation of the functions of livingorganisms through imaging techniques, inventions of bio-medical devices, and evaluation of surgical treatments. Theseoriginal research studies provided the biomedical researchcommunity an insight into novel biomedical imaging tech-niques and algorithms on bionics and biomechanics.

2. Description of the Special Issue

This Special Issue accepted 6 papers out of 15 through carefulreview by editors and peer review, which led to an accep-tance ratio of 40%. These 6 original research articles inves-tigated the radiography system improvement, radiographicimage analysis, medical image modeling, and imaging tech-nique evaluation.

Y. Liu et al. proposed a novel data-driven decompositionmodel to decompose the conventional chest radiograph intoboth soft tissue and bone images and compared the resultswith virtual dual-energy subtraction (DES) imaging. Theproposed approach markedly reduced the visibility of bonystructures in chest radiographs and produced soft tissueand bone contrast similar to those produced by the actualDES system. Their work shows potential to enhance diagno-sis of lung diseases.

Y.-H. Chang et al. constructed a finite element mandiblemodel (cortical bone, cancellous bone, miniplate, and screws)from high-resolution computed tomography (CT) images toinvestigate the biomechanical structures of four commonocclusion conditions after bilateral sagittal split osteotomysurgical treatment. They observed high stress on the mini-plate for all four occlusion conditions, and the screws onthe proximal segment near the bone gap experienced highstress. This platform provides more information on the bio-mechanics of mandible implantation.

2 Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

W.-E. Hsu et al. compared 15 vertebral measurements onradiographic images of 18 patients with single-level vertebralcompression fracture to access the degree of vertebral bodyheight loss and kyphotic angle. The evaluation of these mea-surements could help to determine the probability of intra-vertebral clef, and this study could provide a reference forsurgeons when using imaging modalities to access the degreeof vertebral body collapse.

C.-W. Liao et al. developed a high-frame-rate intraoralperiapical sensor with a senor imaging speed of up to 15Hzfor a 2.5D periapical radiography system, which could beused to capture images at different depths of an object. Thedeveloped sensor could be combined with tomosynthesis toobtain reconstructed slice images of different depths andhas the potential for clinical dentistry applications.

K. Oberhofer et al. fit a generic musculoskeletal model ofthe lower limbs of an adult female subject to 3D body surfacedata of children with and without cerebral palsy. They com-pared the fitted lengths and volumes of six muscle-tendonstructures with the subject-specific muscle-tendon lengthsand volumes derived from magnetic resonance images. Highaccuracies were obtained in the fitted lower limbs in bothstudy groups for 3D body surface data, but the accuraciesof muscle volumes contained large variations.

S. Shimawaki et al. performed CT imaging on the fingersof 10 male adults gripping cylinders of three different diam-eters (10, 60, and 120mm) and constructed 3D computa-tional bone models based on these CT images to measurethe flexion angle of each finger joint. Results showed thatsmaller cylinder diameters were associated with significantincreases in the flexion angle of the all joints of four fingers.Consistent results were observed when comparing to the flex-ion angles of joints using other published methods.

Conflicts of Interest

The Guest Editorial team as a whole declares that any mem-ber of the team does not have any conflict of interest or pri-vate agreements with companies.

Acknowledgments

Wewant to thank all the authors and reviewers for their valu-able work to enrich and improve the content of this specialissue. We hope that this special issue can contribute to thediscussion of the scientific community to focus on someroutes of the research and to enhance some gaps that canbe filled in future works.

Yuan-Chiao LuOzan Erol

Santiago OrregoYao WuLi Zhao

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