editorial dental implantsdownloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijbm/2013/838565.pdfosseointegrationprocess...

Hindawi Publishing CorporationInternational Journal of BiomaterialsVolume 2013, Article ID 838565, 2 pageshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/838565

EditorialDental Implants

Carlos Nelson Elias1 and Paulo G. Coelho2

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil2 Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA

Correspondence should be addressed to Carlos Nelson Elias; [email protected]

Received 16 January 2013; Accepted 16 January 2013

Copyright © 2013 C. N. Elias and P. G. Coelho. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properlycited.

Osseointegration is a major factor influencing the success ofdental implants. To achieve rapid and strong durable osseoin-tegration, biomaterial researchers have investigated varioussurface treatment methods for titanium dental implants.Current dental implant research has studied the interactionbetween bone and implant surface in order to understandthe osseointegration process. This special dental implantissue addresses the role of titanium dental implant surfacetreatment, chemical or topographic modification, and cellsinteractions. All these parameters can affect bone healing,promote accelerated osteogenesis, and increase bone-implantcontact and bond strength.

The themes include a relevant interest about the prop-erties of dental implant surfaces, analysis of molecularmechanisms which occur at the interface between boneand dental implant, evaluation of the biological behaviorof the host’s tissues at the interface with the implant, andconsiderations of implant micro- and nanotopography andits superficial chemical structure. Researchers present theirresults of investigation of various surface treatment methodsfor dental titanium implants, show the biological basis forsuccessful implant therapy, and analyzed the effect of plasmafibronectin.

In F. P. S. Guastaldi et al.’s paper, the authors proposea novel plasma treatment for dental implant surfaces. Theirresults suggested that even after 30 days of plasma treatment,the biological responses were better than those of nontreatedsurfaces.

InM.Monjo et al.’s paper, the authors compared the cyto-toxicity, cell morphology and proliferation, alkaline phos-phatase activity, gene expression, and the release of a widearray of osteoblast markers of two commercial titanium (Ti)

surfaces (OsseoSpeed and TiOblast). They observed changesin cell shape and BMP-2 secretion after 2 days between thesurfaces, and this was followed by increased IGF-I, BSP,osterix gene expression and mineralization after 14 days.

In C. N. Elias et al’s paper, the authors research theeffects of dental implant surface treatment with fluoride andfibronectin adsorption on the adhesion of osteoblasts. Theyinvestigated the biofunctionalization of titanium surfaces andexamine their effects on the interactionwith osteoblastic cells.They observed that the association indexes of osteoblasticcells in fibronectin-treated samples were significantly higherthan those in samples without fibronectin. The radioactivityvalues suggested that fibronectin incorporation is an impor-tant determinant of the in vitro cytocompatibility of thesurfaces. They concluded that the preparation of bioactivetitanium surfaces via fluoride and FN retention proved tobe a useful treatment to optimize and to accelerate theosseointegration process of dental implants.

In C. Y. Guo et al.’s paper, the authors focus on sur-face charge modification on the surface of titanium den-tal implants. They make an overview on both theoreticalexplanations on how surface charge affects the implants’osseointegration, as well as a potential surface charge modifi-cationmethod. Additionally, they discuss the insights into theimportant factors affecting the effectiveness of surface chargemodificationmethods and point out several interesting direc-tions for future investigations on this topic.

In H. O. Schwartz-Filho et al.’s study, they observe themorphological and molecular effect of laminin-1 doping tonanostructured implant surfaces in a rabbit model.They con-cluded that the protein-doped surface showed higher geneexpression of typical genes involved in the osseointegration

2 International Journal of Biomaterials

cascade than that of the control surface. They observed thatthe osseointegration cascade begins immediately after theimplant is placed in the bone, where the blood contiguouslyinteracts with the implant surface.

We hope that this special issue would attract a majorattention of the research community.Wewould like to expressour appreciation to all the authors, reviewers, and the Editor-in-Chief Dr.MohamedAbdel Razek for the great support thatmade this special issue possible.

Carlos Nelson EliasPaulo G. Coelho

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