education in greece for the most part, only the sons of wealthy families received educational...
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Education in Greece• For the most part, only the sons of wealthy
families received educational opportunities.
• Schooling began around age 7
• Studied: – Reading, grammar, poetry, history, public speaking,
mathematics and music
• Athletic training everyday
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• When boys got older, they went to military school.
• Mandatory duty of all male citizens
– They had to spend time in the military in order to have an active military ready to protect Athens
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• Athenian girls did not go to school.
• They were educated at home by their mothers and other female members of the household.
– Learned about: raising children, weaving cloth, preparing meals, and skills that helped them become good wives.
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SpartaSparta was pretty much cut off from the rest of Greece.
– Located in the southern part of Greece known as the Peloponnesus
Instead of a Democratic state like Athens, Sparta built a military state.
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• Sparta’s government had several branches.
• An assembly which was composed of all Spartan citizens– Two military Kings
– The Council of Elders = 30 older citizens• Proposed laws on which the assembly voted
– Five elected officials carried out the laws• These men controlled education and prosecuted court
cases
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Sparta’s social statuses
• 1: Citizens that descended from the original inhabitants
• 2: Free non-citizens – Manual labor
• The Helots– Slaves – Captured during war
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• From 600 – 371 B.C., Sparta had the most powerful army in Greece.
• Devoted all resources to strengthen their military – Did not value art or literature
• Spartans valued duty, strength, and discipline
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• In Sparta, men were expected to serve in the military until they were 60 years old!
• Boys left home at age 7 and moved into army barracks.
• They stayed in the barracks until age 30.
• They spent their days marching, exercising, and training.
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• The Spartan girls also lived hardy lives.
• Received some military training.
– Were forced to stay athletic in case they were required to fight.
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• During the Dorian age, the manufacturing of military weapons went under a transformation. Iron – The Iron Age
• Iron was harder than bronze
• Iron was cheaper to make than bronze.
• This means armies had MORE weapons.
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The Phalanx
• The Phalanx was a fighting maneuver used and perfected by the Spartans.
– Foot soldiers stood side by side
– Each soldier held a spear in one hand and a shield in another
– The soldiers would press against opponents using the spears and shields