EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY(EP)

CONTENT

• Getting to Know EP• Understanding EP• Relating EP to Classroom-Experiences• Applying EP• Sharing Session• Wrapping-up

Getting To Know & Understanding EP

8:30 a.m. – 10:30 a.m.

Video 1

Reflection Time…• Correction does much, but encouragement does more. – Goethe

• If the student isn't better than the teacher, then the teacher is a failure. Zen aphorism, quoted by Allen Ginsberg

• More important than the curriculum is the question of the methods of teaching and the spirit in which the teaching is given. Bertrand Russell

• The principal goal of education is to create men who are capable of doing new things, not simply of repeating what other generations have done. Jean Piaget

Let’s Ponder!

• What Do YOU Think Teaching and Learning is All About, What Does It Consist Of; Define It?

• What Is the Role of EP in TL?

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006

What is Educational Psychology?

• EdPsy is the study of learners, learning, and teaching.

• EdPsy is the accumulated knowledge, wisdom, and seat-of-the-pants theory that every teacher should possess to intelligently solve the daily problems of teaching.

Educational Psychology…

is a branch of psychology that specializes in understanding

teaching and learning in educational settings.

EP deals with…

Ecology• Learners• Lecturers

ClassroomManagement

• Motivation• Reward

Theories• Behaviorism• Cognitive

The Champions of EP

William James

(1842 – 1910)Importance of

observing T&L for improving education

John Dewey(1859 – 1952)

Importance of active learning & adaptation

E.L. Thorndike(1874 – 1949)

Importance of assessment & measurement

of learning

• What motivates our students?• How do they conceive of themselves as

learners?• How do they understand the purpose of

schooling?• Do they feel safe and secure as learners in

an educational community?• How do other factors in their lives

influence their learning?

Core Principles and Concepts of Educational Psychology

• What strategies do they use to learn?• How do they respond to different ways of

teaching?• How do I, as a teacher, interact with my

students in the most effective, supportive ways?

• How do I manage my class when it includes a student with special needs?

Core Principles and Concepts of Educational Psychology

Major Areas of Educational Psychology in the Classroom

LEARNING THEORIES

Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Other Theories

Operant Conditioning

Thorndike’s law of effect

According to Thorndike’s law of effect, response that result in satisfying consequences will be strengthened, while responses that lead to unsatisfying consequences are unlikely to be repeated.

• Take individual differences in abilites seriously.• Value other intelligences in addition to the

liguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences that represent the primary emphases in most schools.

• Create a rich classroom environment that includes materials that “activate the different intelligences.” (Gardnes,1999)e.g. musical instruments, a variety of art materials, science displays, math puzzles, building materials.)

Educational Applications of The Theory of Multiple Intelligences

• Observe students as they interact with the different materials in the classroom to determine where their abilities lie.

• Be flexible and creative in offering a variety of curricular options linked to well-defined outcomes (Gardner, 1999)

Educational Applications of The Theory of Multiple Intelligences

• Provide opportunities for students to demonstrate their knowledge in ways that are consistent with their abilities (e.g. paint their interpretation of a short story, act out a scientific concept).

• Have an assessment repertoire, rather than rely on a single form of assessment.

• Support students in understanding their own ability profiles.

Educational Applications of The Theory of Multiple Intelligences

Understanding Our

Learners’ Motivation

10:30 a.m. – 11:00 a.m.

Relating & Applying EP

11:00a.m. – 13:00 p.m.

Understanding Our Learner’s Motivation

Abraham Maslow’s – ‘Hierarchy of Human Needs

60

Influences On Motivation

Personal▪ Personal needs ▪ Identity▪ Self-concept▪ Self-esteen▪ Gender▪ Self-efficacy▪ Attributions for success

or failure▪ Self-regulation▪ Theory of Intelligence▪ Enjoyment of learning

Environmental▪ School environment▪ Classroom environment▪ Degree of match between

learner and environment▪ Learning goals (perform

mastery)▪ Teacher’s theories of

Intelligence▪ Rewards

61

Video 2

Performance Goals & Entity Theory of Intelligence

63

Sharing Session

EP+

TL

Experiences

Short Stories

Case Studies

Video

14:30 – 16:30

Reflection & Observation

Reflection:• What were the characteristics of

the most effective teachers in your educational experience?

• The secret in education lies in respecting the student.

- Ralph Waldo Emerson

• Nine tenths of education is encouragement.

- Anatole France

Lecturer Tool Box

• Engage learners in your teaching environment

• Develop ground rules in classroom management

• Use appropriate strategies

• Cater to various needs

• Acknowledge diversity in classroom

• Tackle issues surrounding your T&L environment

• Inspire using reinforcements

• Observe holistically before any decision making

• Never use “one size fits all” approach

References

• McGraw Hill Higher Education. 2009• Slavin, B. 2003. The Art of Teaching.• Woolfolk, A. 1997.Educational Psychology.

6th Edition.