effective management of distribution grid model data

© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

Effective Management of Distribution Grid

Model Data

Pat Brown, John Simmins, Jared GreenEPRI

CIGRE Grid of the Future Symposium

October 23, 2017

2© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

EMS, Markets

DER Aggregators

Networked Transmission

Radial Distribution

Active Customers, Assets, and Dispatchable Generation

Markets Networked Transmission

Radial Distribution

New Expectations

New PlayersNew Grid-Connected Equipment

New Technologies

The Distribution grid is changing

Grid planning & operation requires new analytics & simulationsEffective data management is an enabling foundation

Effective Grid Model Data ManagementA Changing Distribution Grid


PlanningModels, methods, and tools to

support asset and resource planning functions to ensure

the safe, reliable, and efficient modern system.

OperationsMonitoring, controls, automation

technologies and tools to optimize and ensure the safe, secure, and reliable operation

of the modern system.

Supporting TechnologiesData capture, management, communications, and cyber security that

support the planning and operation of the modern system.

PlanningModels, methods, and tools to

support asset and resource planning functions to ensure

the safe, reliable, and efficient modern system.

OperationsMonitoring, controls, automation

technologies and tools to optimize and ensure the safe, secure, and reliable operation

of the modern system.

Supporting TechnologiesData capture, management, communications, and cyber security that

support the planning and operation of the modern system.

DER & LoadForecasting

HostingCapacityAnalysis

ExpansionPlanning

InterconnectionEvaluation

Non-WiresSolution

Evaluation

Protection Design Adaptive

Settings

OutageManagement& Scheduling

Volt-VArControl

T &DReliabilityPlanning

LoadShedding Demand

Response

DERMonitoring/

Control

FLISR

Short-termDER & LoadForecasting

Communications DataManagement

CyberSecurity

FieldDevices

SituationalAwareness

TrainingSimulator

Effective Grid Model Data ManagementNew Analytics and Simulations


What do those ‘future applications’ do?– Execute power flow-based simulations (network analysis functions)

What do those ‘future applications’ need?– Network (grid) model data:

Data representing a simplified view of the electrical grid, including equipment, its electrical behavior and its connectivity, as well as its operating state at a moment in time, that is sufficient to describe a starting point for network analysis.

Effective Grid Model Data ManagementNew Analytics and Simulations


Grid model data is complex to manage because it:– Is big– Is made up of different types of data with different update

cycles– Represents one grid past & multiple grid futures– Has different parts from different sources– Typically has a primary source: With major consistency / completeness issues That serves primary purposes other than providing grid model data

– Must be assembled into internally consistent, ‘electrically logical’ cases

Effective Grid Model Data ManagementChallenges to Managing Grid Model Data


Distribution utilities will deploy new analytics and simulationsMany of which require accurate grid model dataThat is difficult to manage

Can we head the problem off at the pass?

Effective Grid Model Data ManagementIn Summary


EMS/Ops

Planning

Protection

Training

Simulator

Transient

Analysis

Expansion

Planning

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

Every tool requires its own network model, in its own format Every tool has its own

users and maintainers

Silos are both technical and organizational

Consistently across industry In well-established silos

Effective Grid Model Data ManagementNetwork Model Data Management in Transmission

”Learning from Older Brother’s Mistakes”


Consistently across industry In well-established silos


”Learning from Older Brother’s Mistakes”

Network Cases

EMSNetwork Model

Enterprise Data Sources

Line Impedance Calculation

Circuit Description

Transformer Data

Substation As-Built

Outage Studies

Substation Load History

Planning Base Cases

Import/Export Cases

Generator data

Plans

Line Rating Calculation

Validation Cases

ProtectionModel/Cases

GIS

Outages


TSO Footprint Enterprise Data Sourcesfor TSO Consumers

Construction Projects

Construction Package

Proposed Projects TSO Network Model

Consumer Applications

TSO PlanningPower Flow Application

External Footprint Data Sourcesfor TSO Consumers

ISO Planning Power FlowApplication

Case Assumptions

OperatingPhilosophies

Physical Network Model

xfmr serial number, factory test results

Equipment FactoryTesting

Circuit Limits Calculator

Trans Plan Model

Ratings(ratings for every circuit

component, includes relay settings that limit

ratings)(generic device rating/

limit information)

Circuit Limits(8 temperature-based

levels)

yearly non-coincident per transformer

peak load projections

yearly non-coincident per transformer

peak load projections

factory test results

rating information

reference

electronic transfer

electronic transfer

TSO EMS

EMS Model

equipment names, normal states, connectivity,

load & generation locations, transformer

tap data, telemetry

line impedances

generator location, generator steady-

state behavior characteristics

voltage schedules

non-SCADA load allocations

peak loads

reference

line & transformer circuit limits

.pdf of test results

Asset Procurement asset data

load injections

load scalingload scaling

Trans Plan Engin

Trans Plan Engin

Summer Peak

Base Case

planned equipment names, connectivity,

load & generation locations

line & transformer circuit limits

Trans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model

generator injections

Study DTSEnvironment Simulator

EMS Study Case

interchange schedulesexternal

interchangeTrans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model

typical equipment limits

reference

typical equipment impedances

LimitsLimits

ControlControl

Load ConfigLoad Config

equipment name, connectivity

ManualEntry

Trans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model

tap settings

DTS Model

EMS cases are based on

configuration source data

UV and UF relay settings

Dynamics Case

generator dynamic behavior

characteristics

transformer impedances & taps

Relay Engineering

Trans P and CTrans

P and C

DTS Scenario

DTS scenarios are based on configuration source data

equipment names, normal states,

transformer tap data, connectivity,

load & generation locations

Asset Management

(existing assets, names, nameplate information,

including rating)

Asset Mgmt

Station Engin

Station Engin

occasional relaying info

script per case rating update

script per case rating update

Summer Peak

Base Case

ISO

Summer Peak

Base Case

Dynamics Case

Trans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model

reference

email with requested line & transformer

impedances

external network equipment names,

normal states, connectivity, impedances,

load locations & allocations

external network equipment names,

normal state, connectivity,

load locations, ICCP config

external generator locations, generator

steady-state behavior characteristics

external network line & transformer impedances

voltage schedules

generator location, operating characteristics

ISO

line & transformer impedances

ISO

internal (muni load) interchange

ISO

voltage schedules

ISO

ManualEntry

Trans P and CTrans

P and C

load & generation injection adjustments

PurchasingPurchasing

TSO Voltage Stability Analysis Tool

Summer Peak

Base Case

Summer Peak

Base Case

Trans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model

per case translationper case

translation

generator time constants

ManualEntry

EMS Support

EMS Support

external outagesoutages for initial

& day-ahead studies

external real-time measurement values /

states

external equipment/circuit ISO OS IDs

added/removed equipment IDs

NERC SDX(Eastern Interconnect

outages)

NERC

TSO Outage Scheduler

Outageable Equipment

Model

equipment names, in-service dates,

connectivity

station and asset information

ManualEntry

ICCPICCP

EMS Real-time Case

equipment name, normal state, connectivity, load

locations

Other Utility

internal TSO outages

internal TSO outages

outage request

outages for initial study

TSOPlanned

Field Work

FieldPersonnel

FieldPersonnel

outages for day-ahead study

internal TSO outagesNERC SDX

(Eastern interconnect outages)

NERC

outages for initial study

load & generation injection adjustments

system load

reference

Outage Scheduler(internal planned & actual

outages)

OS Support

Real-time Data Historian

(historic EMS point values)

EMS Support

historic point data used as needed to validate Planning case assumptions

Field Construction

Construction Planning

Design

Single line diagram(connectivity, equipment name,

line name, load location)Telemetry, control

Tap settingsRelaying diagram/schemes

Equipment list, conductor size

Design

Single line diagram(connectivity, equipment name,

line name, load location)Telemetry, control

Tap settingsRelaying diagram/schemes

Equipment list, conductor size

Station Engin

As-Built

revised Design Package

As-Built

revised Design Package

ISO .interconnection

projects

ISOtransmission

upgrades

TSOexpansion planning

Trans Plan Engin

Planned Project Database

(proposed/planned project information:

dates, costs, engineering details, drawings, status,

project manager)

line & transformer circuit impedances

reference

Protection Engineering Tool

Short Circuit(line & transformer impedance matrix,

generator impedances – includes topology)

Trans P and C

Relay (calculated internal relay

settings, record of external relay settings)

Line Constants(physical line

characteristics, topology)

detailed physical line characteristics

equipment, connectivity

equipment, connectivity

xfmrimpedances

relay settings

relay specifications/schemes,

CT/PT ratios

generator location, operating characteristics

for generators in operation / under

construction

ISO/Generator Owners

asset data

reference

xfmr nameplate

Station Engin

Station Engin

Trans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model

Load ForecastApplication

(system load forecasts)

Control Center

Trans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model

ManualEntry

EMS Support

EMS Support

ManualEntry

OS SupportOS Support

unplanned (actual) outage

TSO System Event

ControlCenter

ControlCenter

Load History Database

(monthly substation Distribution bus peak loads)

Distr Engin

yearly per operating company load projections

ISO

load dynamic behavior

characteristics

Trans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model

script per case update file


internal contingency list selection

Trans Plan Engin

Trans Plan Engin

internal contingency lists

Trans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model



ManualEntry

Trans Plan Model

Trans Plan Model

Contingency List

Contingency List

ManualEntry

Trans Plan Engin

Trans Plan Engin

Trans Ops Engin

Trans Ops Engin

ManualEntry

EMS Support

EMS Support

ManualEntry

Trans P and CTrans

P and C

Trans P and C

Transformer Impedance Database(transformer impedances)

reference

Trans Ops Engin

Trans Ops Engin

reference

contingency & monitored element

configuration

Trans Ops Engin

Trans Ops Engin

internal equipment/circuit ISO OS IDs

ISO Outage Scheduler

ISOadded/

removed equipment IDs

ManualEntry

Trans Ops Engin

Trans Ops Engin

ControlCenter

ControlCenter

Trans Ops Engin

Trans Ops Engin

ManualEntry

ControlCenter

ControlCenter

ManualEntry

Trans P and CTrans

P and C



load & generation locations, generator

steady-state behavior characteristics, line &

transformer circuit impedances, line & transformer limits, voltage schedules, load & generator

injections, interchange



load & generation locations, generator

steady-state behavior characteristics, line &

transformer circuit impedances, line & transformer limits, voltage schedules, load & generator

injections, interchange

load & generation dynamic behavior

characteristics

Key

ActorActor

process details

process details

process details

process details

ManualEntry

Actor assisting w/ information flow

Manual information flow

Partially automatedInformation flow

AutomatedInformation flow

TSO Data Owner

Application/ System/

Database SourceNon-TSO

Data Owner

Application/ System/

Database Source

TSO PlanningPower Flow Application

Summer Peak Base Case

Trans Plan Model

ISO EMS

ISO

EMS Model

Run-Time EMS

one-line indicating

change

one-line indicating

change

ISO Outage Scheduler

Outageable Equipment

Model

ISO

Outages

ISO outages

OS SupportOS Support

9

No overarching data management strategy


The Network Model Manager (NMM) Vision:

One Source for Each Piece of Data

0Effective Grid Model Data Management Network Model Data Management in Transmission

”Learning from Older Brother’s Mistakes” EPRI work in Transmission

Network Cases

EMSNetwork Model

Enterprise Data Sources

Line Impedance Calculation

Circuit Description

Transformer Data

Substation As-Built

Outage Studies

Substation Load History

Network Model Manager

As-Built Internal

As-Built External

Plans Internal

Plans External

Planning Base Cases

Import/Export Cases

Generator data

CM

Plans

Line Rating Calculation

Validation Cases

PNM

ProtectionModel

GIS

Object Registry

Outages


In Transmission, EPRI Outlined the strategy in reports– Network Model Manager Technical Market Requirements

(Product ID 3002003053)

– Using the Common Information Model for Network Analysis Data Management: A CIM Primer Series Guide (Product ID 3002002587)

– Network Model Manager and Repository: A Guide to Exploring the Potential of Centralized Network Model Management (Product ID 3002000609)

Socialized the strategy via multiple presentations, articles Is seeing increased utility and vendor interest



A data management foundation for GIS/grid model data would:– Reduce risk of bad data causing errors in operations decisions study results capital planning decisionsmaintenance decisions

– Save labor wasted in duplicate entry, chasing bad data– Improve timeliness of results, decisions and actions– Provide a platform for deploying as-yet-unthought-of future applications

Effective Grid Model Data ManagementIn the Distribution Domain


Develop an industry vision for grid model data management – Based on requirements synthesized from many utilities– That recognizes and supports the unique role of field activity– Expressed in terms of business functions and supporting software

services– That allows the definition of industry standard data exchanges

Effective Grid Model Data ManagementMeeting the Challenge


Planning Operations

Supporting Technologies

Hosting Capacity Analysis

Steady-State Power Flow

Short Circuit Power Flow

Unplanned Outage

ManagementUnplanned

Outage Detection

OperationalForecasting

Load Forecasting

DER Forecasting

Planned Outage

ManagementOutage Request

Management

Contingency Analysis

WorkManagement

Crew Management

Grid Model DataManagement

Model Part Maintenance

Case Assembly

Long-Term Forecasting

DER Forecasting

Load Forecasting

Protection Design

Short Circuit Power Flow

Engineering DesignLine Project Design

Substation Project Design

Business functionsSoftware services Standard data exchanges


Develop an industry vision for grid model data management – Based on requirements synthesized from many utilities– That recognizes and supports the unique role of field activity– Expressed in terms of business functions and supporting software

services– That allows the definition of industry standard data exchanges

Enhance the CIM standard Functional requirements for distribution grid model data

management toolSocialize the vision

– Utility understanding– Vendor interfaces on products – both data producers and consumers– Enable utilities to implement product-based solutions which reinforce

good data management

Effective Grid Model Data ManagementMeeting the Challenge


EPRI has launched multi-year, multi-utility collaborative supplemental project

Distribution GIS & Grid Model Data Management Project

GIS data cleanup– ‘Technologies of Promise’ exploration– Geo-spatial modeling best practices Field crew enablement

– Solution architecture evaluation & demonstrationDistribution enterprise grid model data management

– Utility deep dives (up to 5)– Define grid model management architecture– CIM standard advancement

More information Pat Brown [email protected] John Simmins [email protected] Jared Green [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]




Together…Shaping the Future of Electricity

effective management of distribution grid model data

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