effective solutions for improving motorcyclist safety...effective solutions for improving...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
EffectiveSolutionsforImprovingMotorcyclistSafety
SkilledMotorcyclistAssociation–Responsible,TrainedandEducatedRiders,Inc.
2019LifesaversConference
SMARTERatwww.smarter-usa.org
DanPetterson,Ed.D.President/CEO
1
![Page 2: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
SMARTER• 501c3non-profiteducationassociation
• Theone-stopspotforaccessingmotorcyclistsafetyresearch
• SMARTERwantsmotorcycleriders,motorcyclistsafetyadvocatesandpolicydecisionmakerstomakeresponsibledecisionsbasedonfactualknowledgeandtheconclusionsofqualityresearch,therefore,ourmissionistogather,examine,catalogue,share,postanddistributemotorcyclistsafetyfactualinformationandresearchandtoadvocatefortheuseofsuchknowledgeasthebasisofdecisions.
2
![Page 3: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Dan
• AsCEOmyfocusforthepastdecadehasbeentoworktofulfillourmission–thereforeIhaveadecadeofexperiencesearchingfor,reading,examiningandcategorizingeverypieceofresearchrelatedtomotorcyclistsafetyissuesIcanfind.
• Iamaridersince1963,aneducator,apastMSFRiderCoachandRiderCoachTrainer,contributortoMSFcurriculumdevelopmentandrecipientofacouplenationalawardsforcontributionstomotorcyclistsafety.
3
![Page 4: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
ResearchCategoriesonourWebsiteAlcohol(8)
Conspicuity(16)
CrashCausation(25)CrashInjuryOutcome(12)
Design(16)andEquipment(25)
Helmets&HelmetLaws(next)
LaneSplitting(9)
Licensing(4)MotoristAwareness(3)Overviews(10)ProtectiveGear(9)RoadsBarriers(18)Engineering/Infrastructure(7)Training(8)
4
![Page 5: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Researchcont.• HelmetsandHelmetLaws-#1-Theonlycountermeasureconsideredscientificallyproven
-Brainandheadinjury(22)-Economicimpact(24)-Helmeteffectiveness(15)-Helmetlaweffectiveness(19)(8)-Helmettypeandstyle(6)-Impactofrepeal(11)-Spineinjury(11)-Standardsandtesting(19)
5
![Page 6: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
ExaminingtheWorkshopTitleEffectiveSolutionsforImprovingMotorcyclistSafety
• Effective–causingadesiredorintendedresult• Solutions-thedesiredorintendedresult
1.Reducethenumberofcrashes2.Reducetheriskofdeathorinjuryintheeventofacrash3.Reducetheseverityofinjuryintheeventofacrash
• Effectivesolutionsmustdooneormoreofthesethreethings.
• MotorcyclistSafety–excellent–oureffortsareforpeoplenotmachine–ourworkisnotaboutmotorcyclesafety–Icankeepmymotorcyclesafebykeepingitlockedinthegarage.
6
![Page 7: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Whywecare?Thereisasubstantialandgrowingcontributionofmotorcyclerelatedcrashestotheburdenofglobaltrauma.Thereisanimportantneedtofindeffectivewaystoimprovemotorcyclesafety.Inhighincomecountrysettingstherateofdeathandseriousinjuryformotorcyclistsis30–40timesthatofcaroccupants(Johnstonetal.,2008).InlowIncomesettingsroadinjuryisasignificantcontributortocatastrophichouseholdcosts(Nguyenetal.,2013)Motorcyclerelatedtraumaisarapidlygrowingpublichealthissue
7
![Page 8: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
TraditionalCountermeasures
Ourtraditionalmethodsarenoteffective-i.e.reducecrashes,reducedeathorinjuryintheeventofacrash,reduceseverityofinjuries.
-Ridertraining-Motoristawareness-Licensingandendorsement
Let’slookatthese3inabitmoredetail
8
![Page 9: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
RiderTraining
• Themainfocusofcurrentridertrainingprogramsisonthephysicalskillsoperationskills.Theresearchoncurrenttrainingisinconclusiveatbestandatworstindicatestrainedridershaveanelevatedriskofcrashingoranincreasedlikelihoodofexhibitingriskyridingbehavior.
• Trainingisveryeffectiveatteachingskillsthatmakeusmoreskillfulridersbutthereisnoindicationthatbetterskillsmakeussafer.
• Consistentwithliteratureregardingdrivertraining
9
![Page 10: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
MotoristAwareness“LookTwicetoSaveaLife”
• Noresearchandnodatatoindicateanyeffectiveness
• Driversrememberthesignsbutthereisnoindicationrememberingthesignschangesbehavior
• Suchprogramswerelogicalin1981whenHHHurtidentifiedtheproblemofdriverslookingbutnotseeingbutthisapproachisantiquatedandlongoutdated–doesnotaccountforwhatwehaveknowformorethantwodecadesabouthowoureyesandmindworktogetherto“see”
10
![Page 11: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
LicensingorEndorsement• Weknowthatunlicensedorunendorsedridersare
overrepresentedinthecrashandfatalitydata.However,thatdoesn’tmeanthatthelicensingprocessactuallypreventsreducescrashrisk.Thelicensingprocessisskillbased–requiringaridertodemonstrateridingskillsand/orhavingsuccessfullycompletedatrainingcourse
• Thecorrelation(betweenendorsementandcrash/fatalitymore
likelydemonstratesthatthelicensingprocessisnotundertakenbyriderswhomakelessthanresponsibledecisions
• Irresponsiblebehaviorssuchasspeeding,drinking,notwearinga
helmetandnotbeinglicensedareoverrepresentedinthecrashdata.Speedinganddrinkingarelikelyfactorsthatcontributetocrashing.Notwearingahelmetandnothavinganendorsementare“ridealong”irresponsiblebehaviors.
11
![Page 12: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
PossibleFixes–RiderTrainingHowcouldtrainingbeimprovedtobecomeeffective?
Lessemphasisonskillandmoreon:HazardperceptionSituationalawarenessAttitudestorisk-takingJudgmentResponsibilityDecisionmaking
Progressiontoon-roadridinganddevelopingroadcraft(ridingintraffic)skillsthroughon-roadexperienceTrainingthroughextendedmentoring(RideSafeUS)vs.shorttermcourses
(Slide15–whatworks)
12
![Page 13: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
PossibleFixes–MotoristAwareness●Teachdriversanewmethodoflooking–a
specificwaytosearchforvulnerableroadusersthataddressestheavailableresearchaboutLookedButFailedtoSee–RightofWayViolation(LBFTSROWV)crashesandwhatweknowabouthowoureyesandmindworktogetherto“perceive.”SMARTERhasdevelopedaproposedsystem.
● Extremely focus/targeted efforts at identified locations or populations
13
![Page 14: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
PossibleFixesLicensingandEndorsements
Graduated,tieredorcombosystemsthatarefocusedonresponsibilityandexperiencevs.skill.
Graduatedlicensing:aredesignedtoprovidenewriderswithdrivingexperienceandskillsgraduallyovertimeinlow-riskenvironments.Therearetypicallythreestepsorstagesthroughwhichnewdriverspass.
Tieredlicensing:requiresbeginnerriderstoridemachineswithrestrictedhorsepower/cclevels.
14
![Page 15: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Basedontheresearchavailablewhatworks?
(1) Nosinglemeasure(2) Comprehensiveprograms–leavenostone
unturned(3) Welikelyshouldbetalkingaboutsystems
approaches–notsingleisolatedmeasures(4) Systemsapproachestoroadsafety.Shiftthe
focusawayfromafocusonroaduserbehaviortomodificationofthesystemfrommultipleperspectives,includingroadsandroadsides,vehicles,speedandroadusers.
15
![Page 16: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
CountermeasuresthatWork• Astronggovernmentroleinsettinglegislationandpolicyenforcement
• Strongpoliceenforcement-alcohol,speeding,helmetuse
• Improvingpost-crashresponse
• Graduated/tieredlicensing
• Conspicuityenhancementforriderandmachine–uniquefrontallighting• Anti-lockbrakes&stabilitycontrolsystems• Alcoholinterlocks• Black(blind)spottreatments
• Protectivegearuse–armor&airbaggear• Helmetuse–all-riderhelmetlaws–the#1
16
![Page 17: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Wheretofindasummary• SMARTERatwww.smarter-usa.org
-Research-Overviews-2018–“CountermeasuresthatWork– WhattheResearchTellsUs”
17
![Page 18: Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety...Effective Solutions for Improving Motorcyclist Safety • Effective – causing a desired or intended result • Solutions -](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022041105/5f0679937e708231d4182d3f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18