Effective Use ofINSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

By Mann Rentoy

What are Instructional Materials?

* tools that help the teacher. They do not replace her. As tools, they make the class more interesting and meaningful.

* therefore, they should be suitable and effectively used to enhance learning.

What are the purposes of instructional Materials?

“What we see has greater impact than what we hear. Don’t tell them..show them”

You remember:

90%of what youlearnwith manysensorylearningactivitiesREADHEARSEESAYDO

60%of what youDOonly

50%of what youSAYonly

30%of what youHEARonly

20%of what youREADonly

40%of what youSEEonly

FIGURE 3: REMEMBERING CURVE

Why Use Instructional Materials

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Words are tricky and they do not always mean the same to different people. Your clienteles will understand more fully what you are telling them when they can see as well as hear.

1. Clarity

 

People are much more attentive when you use visual aids. They hold the attention of your students .

2. Attention

3. Memory Retention

Because the students are more attentive and can understand better, they will remember what you teach them.

 Using visual aids makes a teacher more comfortable and confident in the delivery of her lesson. They can also make a good impression of the teacher when used effectively.

4. Poise

What are the specific instructional materials?

1.Primary IM’s

books, lesson plans, class records, pencils/ball pens, chalkboard, white boards

2. Secondary Instructional Materials1. visual aids- pictures, charts, graphs, maps,

diagrams, etc.

2. audio aids- ex.: tapes and cassettes, music CD’s

3. audio-visual aids - said to be the best since three senses are being used to reinforce learning: ear, sight, touch

television and video players, VCD’s, DVD’s, etc.

4. technological aids – slide projectors, computers, LCD, etc.

They mainly refer to the teachers. They include poise, facial expressions, voice, and gestures.

3. Human Resources

4. Support services

They are the physical instructions in school. They play an important role in making the students communicative competent.

Support services include:

1. community resources- post office, municipal hall, bank

2. environmental services –school canteen, library, laboratory, offices

5. Realia

They are the real objects used to reinforce learning, the most accessible teaching aids; direct material experiences; the first hand experience with real objects

Ex.: real objects (flower petals, pencils, students, etc.) pollination, schools, stores, field trips and educational tours, experimentation, etc.

General types of Instructional Materials

1.Constructive and Manipulative materials• Primary instructional aids• Secondary instructional aids• Human resources• Support services

2. Prototype IM’s (Alternative Learning Materials)

They refer to the creative instructional materials from simple sources (cartolina, manila paper, tag board, display board, bond/art paper, etc. )

3. Technology-aided IM’s

They refer to the manipulative instructional materials from technological gadgets and equipment (PowerPoint Presentations, still pictures, film strips, slides, OHP presentation, LCD Video Projector)

•This is primarily drawn on the multiple intelligences (Nelson) to develop every child’s literacy skills in all fields of learning in new

ways.

SMART IM’s

1. music smart 5. self smart2. picture smart 6. people smart3. body smart 7.number smart 4. word smart 8. nature smart

Make your IM’s “Visual”

Make your visual aids “Visible”.

• 

•  

•  

•Stick to one idea on one visual aid.

Make sure that your IM’s are really aids and not merely “show pieces”.

1. select appropriately from what is available

2. be creative with what is available

3. modify activities to suit learners’ needs

4. supplement by providing extra activities

A GOOD PROVIDER OF MATERIALS WILL BE ABLE TO:

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CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD MATERIALS (According to Rowntree)

arouse the learners’ interest

remind them of earlier learning

tell them what they will be learning

next

explain new learning content to them

relate these ideas to learners’

previous learning

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CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD MATERIALS (According to Rowntree)

get learners to think about new

content

help them get feedback on their

learning

encourage them to practice

make sure they know what they are

supposed to be doing

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CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD MATERIALS (According to Rowntree)

enable them to check their progress

help them to do better

Important Principle:

Instructional media or audio visual materials are not a substitute for effective instruction.

Guidelines should be considered in order to derive the greatest amount of Good Teaching when Media or AV’s are used.• Some uses for materials in making

meaning clear• Introducing of a unit• Developing a unit• Interpreting a unit• Summarizing a unit• Correlating bits of information• Identifying self with a situation• Transferring to a real life situation• Motivating and arousing interest

How well do you know?*24 H in a D. *29 D in F in a

LY.*26 L of the A. *365 D in a Y.*7 D of the W. *90 D in a RA*12 S of the Z. *60 M in an H.*12 M in 1 Y. *2 SP of HB*100 Y in a C. *60 S in 1 M *7 W of the W. *1000 Y in 1 M.

Effective Use ofINSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

By Mann Rentoy

Effective Use ofINSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

By Mann Rentoy