struggle against the monarchy, and the British occupation of the country

bloodless nature of the Revolution itself

end of the oppression of the Egyptian people at the hands of the monarchy, and foreign imperialism.

FALCON OF SALADIN

• Arab Republic of Egypt• Capital – Cairo • Transcontinental country• world's only contiguous Afrasian nation.• Religion: Muslim (mostly Sunni) 90%, Coptic 9%, other

Christian 1%• National Day: July 23• Language: Arabic (official), English and French widely

understood by educated classes• Ethnicity: Egyptian 99.6%, other 0.4%• Currency: Egyptian pound (EGP)• Wheat

INTRODUCTION

• Cairo• Hurghada• Luxor• Alexandria• Marsa Alam• Giza • Sharm el-Sheikh

Major Cities

• Located on the banks of the Nile River, Cairo is Africa's largest city, as well as the largest city in the Arab world.

• modern Cairo was founded in 969 CE by Jawhar al-Siqilli • Cairo has the oldest and largest film and music industries

in the Arab world• the world's second-oldest institution of higher learning,

Al-Azhar University.•  population of 6.76 million

Cairo

• country's main tourist centers • the second largest Egyptian city (after Suez) located on

the Red Sea coast.• known for its watersports activities, nightlife and warm

weather• regular Holidays spot for Many Europeans , specially

during the Winter season and spend their Christmas and New Year holidays in the city.

Hurghada

Luxor has frequently been characterized as the "world's greatest open-air museum", as the ruins of the temple complexes at Karnak and Luxor stand within the modern city.

Luxor

• Alexandria is a Mediterranean port city in Egypt. • It is Egypt's largest seaport, serving approximately

80% of Egypt's imports and exports•  it was home to a lighthouse ranking among the Seven

Wonders of the Ancient World as well as a storied library.

Alexandria

• Giza, is the third-largest city in Egypt.• Giza is most famous as the location of the

Giza Plateauo ancient Egyptian royal mortuary and

sacred structureso the Great Sphinxo the Great Pyramid of Giza

Giza

• Sharm el-Sheikh is an Egyptian resort town between the desert of the Sinai Peninsula and the Red Sea.

•  known for its sheltered sandy beaches, clear waters and coral reefs

• Ras Muhammad National Park is a major diving destination

• sometimes called the "City of Peace”

Sharm el-Sheikh

• 1st empire• I million people• King Narmer –Narmer pallet• Abydas – grave of first fairer• Island of elephantine – goddess of

nile flood.

ANCIENT EGYPT

• Surrounded by: Gaza Strip and Israel – northeast, The Gulf of Aqaba - east, The Red Sea - east and south, Sudan - south, & Libya – west• The Egyptians settled and lived near the Northern

part of the Nile river.• The Nile river created a long fertile valley that ended

in a marshy delta where the river emptied into the Mediterranean sea.

• Egypt is surrounded by three deserts the Libyan, Nubian, and Arabian.

GEOGRAPHY

• The climate in Egypt varies from surprisingly cold to extremely hot.

• Along the northern coast of the country the climate is Mediterranean during winter (December through March) – cool, windy and humid, with occasional rains.

• Sometimes Mt. Sinai can be covered with snow! • Summer in Egypt (June through September) is

usually very dry with extremely hot temperatures into the 90°'s and 100°'s, sometimes breaking 120° F.

• Shoulder seasons of April-May and October-November are particularly pleasant months to travel.

CLIMATE

FLAG CARRIER

INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

Cairo International Airport

VISA : Visa on arrival is available, but it is best to obtain visas prior to travel.

TRANSPORT : Direct flights are available from India to Cairo.Overland buses travel between Israel and Egypt.Rail service along the Nile connects Cairo to major tourist centres.

HEALTH :Concern should be taken for yellow fever, malaria and cholera.

TRAVEL TIPS

• A warm friendly handshake is a common greeting

• Men only shake hands with a woman if she extends her hand

• Personal space between men is very close• The right hand is only used for eating• Do not offer the left hand or offer food with left

hand • Do not show or point sole of foot to another

people• Tipping is very important for personal services

CULTURE

• Foreign travellers are subject to Egyptian laws and get no special consideration. If you are arrested you have the right to telephone your embassy immediately.

• Bribes Egypt is notoriously corrupt, but don’t assume this means you can pay your way through. You may encounter an official who’d like to further exploit the awkward situation you’re in, and of course, your bribe only perpetuates the system.

• Drugs Drug use can be penalised by hanging, and you’ll get no exemption just because you’re a tourist. That said, you will no doubt be offered at least hashish during your travels, especially in the backpacker-friendly zones of Sinai. We can’t recommend it.

• Political activity Post- revolution, police are particularly suspicious of ‘foreign agitators’ or anyone who could be perceived as such, including journalists. Both writers and foreign students have been detained on charges of abetting violence. It’s best to avoid political affiliation of any kind, and avoid taking photos of government buildings and other sensitive areas

Legal Matters

Attraction

• Valley of the kings• Egyptian museum• Bibliotheca Alexandrina• Pyramids of Giza• Luxor Museum• Siwa oasis• Abu simble• River nile cruise

• Red sea reef• Temple of Kanark

Valley of the kings

• The Valley of the Kings, the Valley of the Gates of the Kings, is a valley in Egypt where, for a period of nearly 500 years from the 16th to 11th century BC, tombs were constructed for the Pharaohs and powerful nobles of the New Kingdom

• In 1979 UNESCO designated the valley part of the World Heritage site

•  contain 63 tombs and chambers

Egyptian museum• the Museum of Egyptian Antiquities, known commonly as the

Egyptian Museum or Museum of Cairo• Designed in the Neoclassical style by Marcel Dourgnon•  boasts 107 halls filled with artifacts• Houses approximately 160,000 objects covering 5,000 years

of Egypt's past• The ground floor takes the visitor on a chronological tour

through the collections, while the objects on the upper floor are grouped according to tomb or category

• Mummies, sarcophagi, pottery, jewellery and King Tutankhamen’s treasures

Bibliotheca Alexandrina

•  was officially inaugurated on 16 October 2002• is a major library and cultural centre located on the

shore of the Mediterranean Sea• arts, history, philosophy, and science• The idea of reviving the old library dates back to

1974• architectural design competition – UNESCO

Pyramids of Giza

• oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World• built as a tomb over a 10 to 20-year period – 2560 BC

• The Luxor Museum was inaugurated in 1975• The gallery has several masterpieces including

a well-preserved limestone relief of Tuthmosis III

• figure of Amenhotep III protected by the great crocodile god Sobek

• Old Kingdom art• treasures from Tutankhamun’s tomb,

including shabti (servant) figures, model boats, sandals, arrows and a series of gilded bronze rosettes from his funeral pall.

Luxor Museum

Siwa Oasis• 50 km east of the Libyan border• Siwa Oasis is one of Egypt's most isolated

settlements, with 23,000 people• Its fame lies primarily in its ancient role as the

home to an oracle of Ammon, the ruins of which are a popular tourist attraction which gave the oasis its ancient name Ammonium.

Abu Simble

• Nubia • The Abu Simbel temples are two massive rock

temples at Abu Simbel• UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the "Nubian

Monuments,“• Originally carved out in 13 century BC• And was relocated in its entirety in 1968, on an

artificial hill made from a domed structure• to prevent their being submerged during the

creation of Lake Nasser

River Nile Cruise

A trip down the River Nile is one of the best ways to see Egypt and the relics of its ancient past. Cruising between Aswan and Luxor will give you time to relax and take in the scenery of the Nile Valley, while enjoying daily tours to some of the most impressive Ancient Egyptian temples. Memphis Tours offers a variety of high-quality options selected from among the best cruises available on the Nile

Red Sea Reef

• The Red Sea, where the desert meets the ocean

•  located between Asia and Africa.• The Red Sea holds beneath its crystal

blue surface an oasis of living creatures, reefs, and coral formation.

Temple Of Kanark

• Temple dedicated to Amun, Mut and Khonsu

• Largest religious building ever made, covering about 200 acres

• The Karnak Temple Complex is located near Luxor, south of Cairo

• It is visited more than any other historical area in the world, after the Giza Pyramids.

Thank You