egypt for idrc 2, june 2010 final.pptx

Egyptian Cabinet I S D F

Egyptian Approach to Informal Settlements Development

Egyptian Cabinet of MinistersInformal Settlements Development

FacilitiesEgyptian Cabinet I S D F

IDRC Davos 2010

Dr. Sherif Algohary & Prof. Ali El-Faramwy

ISDF, Egyptian CabinetE mail: TA&[email protected]


Informal Settlements Development Programs. International Commitments towards Informal Settlements Development. Scale of Informal Settlement in Egypt. Policies of Informal Settlements Development . Informal Settlements Development Facility Themes.Local Development Practices.Conclusions.

ContentEgyptian Cabinet I S D F


Informal Settlements Development Programs

First Stage: 1994 - 2004 Informal Settlements Development Program

Providing Basic Urban Services (electricity, municipal cleanliness, water, sanitary drainage, road paving) for about 325 informal areas and developed 13 deteriorated areas with expenditure total cost 3.2 Billion L.E.

Second Stage: 2004 - 2008 Informal Settlements Belting Program

Focusing on supporting local government in preparing detailed plans to enable development efforts for restrict the growth of informal areas.

Third Stage: Informal Settlements Development Facility A presidential Decree # 305/2008 for establishment ISDF. Priority for Unsafe Areas. The main goal of ISDF is to contribute to ensuring safe housing in Egypt. The main objective is to improve the quality of life of the residents in unsafe areas.

Deweka Disaster (October 2008)


International Commitment Towards Unsafe Areas Development

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Egypt ratified on 1982 , It states in article 11. Ensure the right of everyone to an adequate standard of living for himself and his family, including

adequate food, clothing and housing, and to the continuous improvement of living conditions. safe housing as main human right and adequate standard of living. Determine factors of adequate housing, food and clothing.

Millennium Development Goals (MDG) : Adopted by the UN member states in 2000 “Target 11”. One of the three targets of Goal 7 “Ensure Environmental Sustainability,” Target 11 is

aiming that: “By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers”.


Unsafe Areas:

Unsafe areas are 5% of urban areas .Density 200 person/ fadden.Building heights 1-2 floors.Doesn’t provide safe housing.Needs immediate intervention.

Unplanned Areas

Scale of Informal Areas in Egypt

Planned

Slums

Unsafe areas

Unplanned areas

Slums areas are 60% of urban areas Density 500 person/ fadden.Building heights 4-10 floors.Provides optimum level of safe housing.Needs long term development.


Classification Criteria of Unsafe Areas

UN Habitat CriteriaAreas lacking accessibility to clean water

Lack accessibility to clean drinking water

Areas lacking accessibility to sanitation

Lack accessibility to improved sanitation;

Lack of Tenure Areas

Living areas that lack possession by documents of title or squatters on state land or other entities

Areas lacking suitable housing

Built on unsafe areas (geological formations)Ruins;In the vicinity of industrial pollution;Under high voltage power cables;Under threat of railways accidents;Buildings made of make-shift materials;

Areas lacking sufficient living space

More than one person per room.

ISDF CriteriaGrade (1): Areas that threaten life

Under sliding geological formations,In flood areas; and Under threat of railways accidents;

Grade (2): Areas of unsuitable shelter conditions

Buildings made of make-shift materials;Sites unsuitable for building, solid waste dumps;Ruins;

Grade (3): Areas of health risks

Lack accessibility to clean drinking water or improved sanitation;In the vicinity of industrial pollution;Under high voltage power cables;

Grade (4): Areas of instability of tunere

Areas on state land;Areas on territory dominated by focal points; Areas on the territory of Endowments.

Grades are ordered according to degree of risk, thus the higher risk overrules the lower ,


- Preparation of action plans for the development of unsafe areas in governorates (35 action plans in 19 governorates).- Provide technical assistance and institutional capacity development.- Follow-up operational plans for national projects (facilities - Housing initial care ...).- Supporting the finance of the principle of cost recovery for the implementation of development projects.- The preparation of the national plan for the development of unsafe areas.

Pilot Projects Phase

Preparation Phase

National Plan for Development of Unsafe Areas

National Phase1 / 20091 / 2010

1 / 2010 2017 / 2020- Preparation of financial regulations and

rules of Fund. - Setting Goals and reference frame for the

activities.- Review legislative framework for

activities. - Building the regulatory framework and the provision of the provision of human resources of the Fund. - Allocation of resources of the Fund from the State fund. - Resources Development of non-traditional Fund. - Building geographical information database system of unsafe areas.- Classification of consultants, experts and NGOs. - Preparation of agreements with stakeholders (Endowments - Associations - research centers ...). - Preparation of scientific studies (electricity / Geology / Water and Sanitation / legislative framework ... etc.)

- Implementation of action plans for unsafe areas.- Monitoring and evaluation of progress in achieving the objectives.- Expansion of activities.


National Map of Unsafe Areas

WWW.ISDF .INFO

Governorate Category (1) Category (2) Category (3) Category (4) Total

Cairo 16 33 3 1 53Alexandria 2 5 3 - 10Port Said - 6 - - 6

Suez - 4 - 1 5Helwan - - 7 - 7

6 of October - 8 - - 8Damietta - 2 - 1 3Dakhalaia - 15 6 - 21

Sharkia - 12 1 1 14Kalioubia - 13 11 - 24

Kafr El-Shekh 1 17 3 1 22Gharbia - 7 1 3 11

Menoufia - 4 6 - 10

Bahira - 7 3 1 11Ismailia - 10 3 7 20

Giza - 24 - - 24Beni Suif - 17 - - 17

Fayoum - 1 3 1 5Menya - 6 2 1 9Assuit - 3 1 - 4Sohag - 13 1 - 14Qena - 43 5 1 49

Aswan 3 1 6 - 10Luxor - 7 3 1 11

Red Sea 4 7 - - 11New Valley - 5 - - 5

Marsa Matrouh

3 8 - - 11

North Sinai - - - - -South Sinai 6 3 - 9

Total 35 281 68 20 404


Mashtool El-Suq – Sharqia Governorate

Safe Areas

Unsafe Areas

Planned Areas

Unplanned

Areas

NGO

Average Area of

Unit

No. of Units

Overcrowd rate

Land Owner-

ship

Area (Fadda

n)

Risk Degre

eArea

100 40 2.5Private

Property 1.7 2 Khalf El Shouna

90 16 2.5 Railway 1.14 2 Derisa and khalf el bosta

100 7 3.57Private

Property 0.3 2 Ezbet elias

100 63 100 3.14 Total



Khalf El-Shouna Area- Mashtool EL-Souq City- Sharqeya Governorate

NGO

Average Area of

Unit

No. of Units

No. of Floors

Overcrowd rate

Population Density

Land Owner-

ship

Buildings Area

Area (Faddan) Area

----- 100 40 1 2.5 0.56Private

Property 1.07 1.7Khalf El-Shouna

Location of the Area in relevance to the city



Life threatening areas program (Grade :1)

Muqatam Area, Manshiet Naser,

Cairo Governorate

Cairo

16 areas

Rest of Governorates

19 areas

Urban Programs

Unsuitable shelter conditions areas program (Grade 2)

Governmental Authorities

31 Areas State Land 91 areas

Private Lands

159 areas

State land - Qalyoubia

Governorate

Private Land - Assuit

Governorate

Railway Authorities – Kafr

Alshekh Governorate


Total expenditure cost 3.9 Billion L.E.

Development Cost 19.8 Billion L.E

Added Value 15.9 Billion L.E

Urban Programs

Self finance

6 areas Partial finance

10 areas

Added value

75 areas

Unsuitable conditions areas program on state lands (Grade 2)

AfterBefore

Zerzara Area, Port Said Governorate (Added Value Area)

Added Value AreasSocial Value Areas

)No Cost Recovery(

Provide Fund


Improve areas of high risk sources for public health (Grade 3)

Urban Programs


2 AreasPrivate Lands

49 areasState Lands

17 areas

Wa-ter and san-itary 8 ar-eas

In-dus-trial Pol-lu-

tion5 ar-eas

Elec-tricity 55 ar-eas

Helwan Governorate


5 Areas

State Lands

15 areas

Improve legal instability of tenure

(Grade 4)

FayoumGovernorate


Relationships Between Urban Programs:

Time frame for Intervention:

• Life threatening areas (Grade 1) needs immediate intervention.

• Unsuitable conditions areas (Grade 2) needs rapid intervention.

• Health risk areas (Grade 3) needs improvement according to central authorities programs.

• Instability areas (Grade 4) according to priorities of local governorates.

Finance Mechanism:

Both unsuitable conditions areas with added values and instability areas provide financial resources that can be targeted for improvement of unsafe areas projects which have no cost recovery, as well as improving areas which have lack of utilities and instability in tenure areas

Urban Programs


Partnership and Cooperation

Institutional Framework

Local Governorat

e

Informal Settlements Development Facility (ISDF)

Local Authoritie

sCommunity


Technical InstitutesPreparation of strategies. Action plans.Project Implementation.

Local Authorities Implementation of action plans . Action plans follow up. Project management.

NGOs Evaluation of community needs. Mobilization of civil society. Project implementation follow up.

MEDIA Documentation of community needs. Public follow up of project implementation. Encouraging kind and financial contributions.

Technical Assistance and Capacity Building


1. Project level (Project manager to governorate) Monitoring implementation of project activities.

2. Local Level (Governorates to ISDF) In-kind follow up. Financial follow up

3. Central Level (General Organization for Planning to ISDF) Preparation of strategic plans for unplanned areas. Preparation of detailed action plans for unplanned areas. Providing lands for low income.

4. National Level (ISDF to Prime Minister) Progress indicators for the followings:

Development of unsafe areas. Effective partnership and cooperation. Capacity building of stakeholders in preparation and implement of action plans. Financial resources development.

Monitoring and Evaluation


The national program for development of unsafe areas is depending on different

resources of finance which include the followings:

• The State Budget with total amount of 1.1 Billion Egyptian pounds (about 200 Million $)

• A fund from the Ministry of Housing from its National Housing Program (NHP) for low cost

housing, which will support the ISDF program for the construction of 25,000 new units with total

cost about 2,1 Billion Egyptian pounds (about 400 Million $).

• The Land Based finance from the development of governmental lands which had a cost

recovery with total amount of 17 Billion Egyptian pounds.

• The Self Finance of the governmental authorities which own the lands such as railways authority,

irrigation authority, Awkaf authority and Antiques authority with total amount of 450 million

Egyptian pounds (about 90 Million $)

• International cooperation funds presented to the Egyptian government from development

agencies , donor countries , international financial institutions and organizations with total amount

of 300 Million Egyptian Pounds (about 60 Million $).

Resources of Finance


Local Development Practices

Zienhum Area- Cairo

Strategy of Intervention: • Redevelopment of the area on 3 stages by replacement and renewal method.• Evacuating the 1st sector of residents outside the study area and locating them in temporarily units in El-Nahda area (El-Salam), then final relocation in the developed area after implementing the first stage.

Stakeholders• Cairo Governorate.• Red Crescent Society.• Business men.

Aims to develop of Zienhum slum area

Development Results: • Providing 348 units for 1st stage.• Providing 948 units for 2nd stage (A-B) in addition to 14 shop and women social center and mosque.• Providing 696 units for 3rd stage.


Aims to develop of the slums area which include an average population of 3000 resident.

Development Results: The project was constructed on 4 stages which include: • Providing housing for 3000 inhabitant in new units.• Construction of medical center, social services center, 5 children centers, and different socio-economic programs for women and children.

Future Society Organization Project - Giza

Strategy of intervention: • Building of trust with the community by 3 medical campaigns in 2004.

• Running on site survey in order to get real information about the community and evaluation of their needs.

• Building of 11 residential building for those who used to live in shared units or slums.

• Social services organization with the government.



Aims to implement community development projects in order to improve the urban, social and economic standards of slums areas and encourage the inhabitants to participate in the development process.

Stakeholders:

Cairo GovernorateAga-khan FoundationSocial Development Facility Supreme Council of Antiquities

El- Darb El -Ahmar Project - Cairo

Strategy of intervention: • Rehabilitation of housing, public buildings, infrastructure, public spaces and the restoration of monuments in the area.

• Develop and improve the health and environmental services, education and providing opportunities for recruiting and free vocational and professional training .



Stakeholders• Giza Governorate• GTZ• EECA

The project aims to find practical solutions for the rehabilitation of residential buildings and improve the physical environment in Abu Qatada District Boulaqe Al- Dakrur.

Abu-Qatada Area, Boulaq El-Dakrour- Giza

Strategy of intervention: • Creating an urban pattern through development project.• Encouraging the owners of houses in financial contribution .• Creating a successful model for repetition in other areas . • Improving the level of living through building capacities of the inhabitants and their participation in the development process.



Ring road penetrating 13 slums areas

The project aims to improve of 13 slums areas and constructing the ring road along 8 km with a width of 22 m as a development axis.

Improving of 13 Slums Areas - Damietta

• Improving the level of living by providing 5000 job opportunities in furnishing production.

• Environmental enhancement and the disposal of garbage areas.

• Reduction of health hazards risks from high-voltage power lines.

Improvement Results:

Strategy of intervention: • Moving high voltage power lines away from residential area by 10-12 m.

• Changing high voltage power lines with under ground lines.• Construction of a new roads with 22 m width .• Urban Rehabilitation of housing in the area.



Conclusions

1) The newly Egyptian approach developed by the ISDF, has been replaced the formerly

called ‘slums’ or ‘informal settlements’ with the two distinctive terms of ‘unplanned

areas’ and ‘unsafe areas’ and classify the later according to the degree of risk to life and

property.

2) The ISDF approach is very useful in identifying priorities for intervention; based on the

distinction between unsafe areas and unplanned areas, the former requires immediate

action, while the later requires either a medium or long term strategy.

3) The national map of Unsafe areas of Egypt had identified the unsafe areas in all urban

centres of Egypt which include 404 unsafe urban areas with approximately 850 thousands

inhabitants.

4) The ISDF has currently initiate phase 2 of the national plan for development of unsafe

areas and it includes preparation of the action plans in 35 unsafe areas all over Egypt, and

it starts implementation in early 2010 to finalize the development of these areas by year

2020.


Thank You

2 ,June 2010

Dr. Sherif AlgoharyManger of Technical assistant and Building Capacity Unit

ISDF, Egyptian CabinetE mail: TA&[email protected]

IDRC Davos 2010

Informal Settlements Development Facilities

Egyptian Cabinet of Ministers

egypt for idrc 2, june 2010 final.pptx

Business

growth of informal areas

development efforts

local development practices

scale of informal settlement

deteriorated areas

adequate food

factors of adequate

safe housing