Egyptian art and architecture

Pottery jar from Hierakonpolis3500—3400 BCE

3 periods of prosperity

• Old Kingdom (2700-2100 BCE)• Middle Kingdom (2100-1700 BCE)• New Kingdom (1600-1000 BCE)

Sign and symbols of Upper and Lower Egypt

• Upper Egypt– Horus (falcon god)– White tall conical crown

• Lower Egypt– Papyrus plant– Red crown with cobra attached

Palette of Narmer (c. 2700 BC)

King Menes (Narmer)• Unification of Upper

and Lower Egypt in c. 3150 BCE

The canon of proportions

Mastaba

Underground Burial Chambers

Djoser’s Funerary Complex2681—2662 BCE

Funerary Temple

Pyramids of Menkaure, Khafre, and Khufu at Giza (c. 2601-2515 BC)

Plan of pyramids

Khufu’s boat

Khafre’s Valley Temple

How a pyramid was constructed

Ka statue of Khafre from Giza

The Sphinx (c. 2570-2544 BC)

Menkaure and his Queen (c. 2548-2530 BC)

Pepy II and His Mother,

Queen Merye-ankhnes

Seated Scribes

Ti Watching a Hippopotamus

Hunt

Kahun Layout

Senwosret III

Ramses II and Obelisk

Hatshepsut

• Tuthmose I (father)• Tuthmose II (brother)• Tuthmose III• Senenmut

Hatshepsut as Sphinx and with beard

Hatshepsut’s funerary temple at Deir-el-Bahri (c. 2009-1997 BC)

The Temple of Ramses at Abu Simbel

Akhenaten• King Amenhotep IV• Adopted a religious

system based on a single god (monotheistic)

• Primary god: Aten (the sun disk)

• Changed name to Akhenaten

• Amarna style art

• Son of Amenhotep III and Queen Tiy

• Changed name from Amenhotep IV to Akhenaten:“He who is of service to Aten”

Nefertiti (c. 1360 BC)

The daughters of Akhenaten

Akhenaten and Nefertiti and their Children (c. 1370-1353 BC)

Queen Tiy• Mother of Akhenaten

Fish-shaped vase (glass)

Howard Carter entering the tomb of Tutankhamen

Tutankhamen

These things are important• Signs and symbols

of Upper and Lower Egypt

• Palette of Narmer• Representation of

the Human Figure• Canon of

proportions• Mastaba• Funerary temples

• Pyramids of Giza• Kahun• Term: “Pharaoh”• Hypostyle hall• Peristyle• Ramses II’s obelisks• Sunken relief• King Tut