egyptian booklet

8/6/2019 Egyptian Booklet

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Practice Workbook For

ANCIENT EGYPTIAN

© Kim Heger

All Rights Rese

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Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs Overview

Ancient Egyptian is broken dow n into 5 types of writ ing systems:

Monoliteral Hieroglyphs:

1 symbol per letter

Biliteral Hieroglyphs:1 symbol standing for 2 letters

Triliteral Hieroglyphs:1 symbol standing for 3 letters

Determinatives and Ideograms:1 symbol standing for an entire concept (i.e. Gods, animals, people). It classifies agroup of Hieroglyphs to help you “determine” what the word is. Lets look at the

word for boat:

If you didn’t have the picture of the boat at the end (marked in red) you could haveconfused the word for another similarly spelled word. A determinative can be used

by itself or at the end of a series of Hieroglyphs consisting of any combination of Monoliteral, Bilteral or Trileral symbols. An ideogram is always by itself and is a pic-

ture that represents an entire word or concept. How to tell the difference?Ideograms are always one picture accompanied by a stroke. See this

example w here I marked the stroke in red (a stroke may also be to the right or leftof a word depending on what direction you are reading in):

For this series we are just concentrating on the simplest part of Hieroglyphs—the

Monoliteral or “Alphabet” symbols.

Hieratic and Demotic:The common everyday w ritten language of Ancient Egypt. Think of it as

Hieroglyph shorthand. In the very last years of Ancient Egypt Hieratic was used lessand less as an even simpler form of Hieroglyphs came into being called Demotic.

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E



Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs Overview

Reading

Another key feature of Ancient Egyptian is how it is read. The key is alw ays read to-wards the faces. Here is what I mean:

Read left to right:

Read right to left:

How ever when reading Hieratic it is ALWAYS w ritten and read right to left.

Pronunciation

There were no written vowels in Ancient Egyptian. Modern day scholars simply putan “e” between consonants 90% of the time to help with pronunciation except incases where you have an “a” sound such as the vulture or a “u” sound when you

have a Quail Chick. As a rule think “e” and you’ll be pretty safe.

How The Course Is Organized

Just to give you a taste of the language I am going tointroduce you to the Monoliteral signs and their Hieratic and Demotic

w ritten forms.

In the lessons that follow, the Hieroglyph is presented along with its transliteratedletter. If it is not a letter we have in English then I put a pronunciation clue just after

it in brackets. I’ l l also tell you what the Hieroglyph is a picture of.

The second image I wi ll show you w ill be theHieratic form of the same letter. The third is the Demotic. Then you have room to

practice the Hieratic and Demotic forms for the remainder of the page.

So how did Egyptians write the name of their language?

Pronounced “Shan medu neter” it means “W riting of the Words of God”

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Egyptian Monoliteral Hieroglyphs

Hieroglyph Transliterated

A

i

y

a

w

p

b

f

m

n

r

h

Hieratic Demotic Hieroglyph Transliterated

H

xX

s

S

k q g

t

T

d

D

Hieratic

z

Dem

Birds

Part s Of The Body

Nature

Household Items

The Kitchen

Animals

Guide To Help You Learn The Letters

œBecame more of a t sound in Demotic. Another new let

added in Demotic was an L

When there is more than one Demotic symbol it means ei

one stands for that particular letter.



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

1

2

3

OR



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

1

2



HieraticThe Hieroglyph

Demotic

123



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

OR

1

2



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

2

1

3

2

1



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

32 1

4



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

OR

1

2

34

2

3



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

1

2



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

OR

1



HieraticThe Hieroglyph

Demotic

OR



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

OR

1

2



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

OR

1

2



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

OR

1

2



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

OR

12

3

3

2 1



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

1

2

1

2



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

2

1



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

32 1

4



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

1

2

3



Hieratic

Demotic

The Hieroglyph

OR

1

2

3



This brings us to the end of our EgyptianHieroglyphic lessons. If you’d like to learn more about Anient Egyptian here are what I consider to be the best thre

resources:

I w ant to know the basics:

ncient Egyptian Hieroglyphs: A Practical Guide - A Step-bStep Approach to Learning Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs bJanice Kamrin. Available at www.amazon.com for approx

$23(US).

rammar doesn’t scare me—I want a really academin depth look:

It’s pretty difficult to get through but you’ll definitely be aexpert if you do. Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to theLanguage and Culture of Hieroglyphs by James P. Allen. Available at www.amazon.com for approx. $34(US).

Is there an online course?

es, there are several that are REALLY expensive. But I hagreat alternative for you. Go to www.yahoo.com and cli

Groups” on the left side menu. Type in “GlyphStudy.” Throup is a forum in which everyone works through the Jam

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