ehanol as aternate fuel

7/18/2019 Ehanol as Aternate Fuel

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ETHANOL AS AlTERNATE FUEL



Introduction

Ethanol (ethyl or grain alcohol) is arenewable fuel used to power vehicles

and other internal combustion engines, mainly as a biofuel additive forgasoline. Ethanol is currently made

from feedstock cops such as corn,barley and sugarcane .



Physical properties:Colorless liquid.Miscible with water and most organic solvents.Melting Point (°C): -114.1oiling Point (°C): !".#$%eci&ic 'ravit: .!"*+a%or ,ensit: 1.densit o& .!"* gm/ at 0°C.

hen released into water it will volatili2e and %robabl biodegrade.

3t would not be e%ected to adsorb into sediment or bio-accumulate in &ish.



Ethanol production



Production process

Milling

Liquefaction

SaccharicationFermentation

Distillation

Dehydration



Chemistry

'lucose (a sim%le sugar) is created in the %lant

%hotosnthesis.

C50 6 705 6 light 8 C-7105- 6 50

,uring ethanol &ermentation9 glucose is decom%osedinto ethanol and carbon dioide.

C-7105- 8 0 C07:576 0 C50 6 heat

,uring combustion ethanol reacts with ogen to %roduce carbon dioide9 water9 and heat:

C07:57 6 # 50 8 0 C50 6 # 705 6 heat



FLAMMABILIT ;thanol burns in air with a clear blue &lame that is ver &aint in

bright dalight conditions.

'asoline -4 < (1.4 = !.4 >)9

;thanol < (#.# - 04. >);thanol9 in general9 has a higher &lash %oint than gasoline9 thus

%osing less ris?9 but

@t low tem%eratures (A #0 degrees)9 ;" va%or is more

&lammable than gasoline va%or ;" va%or is less &lammable than gasoline at higher tem%s.

Bhe lower va%or %ressure and lower heat o& combustion o& ;"reduce ris? o& &ire com%ared to gasoline.



!thanol"#ased engines

Ethanol is most commonly used to power automobiles thou!h it

may be used to power other "ehicles such as #arm tractors

boats and airplanes$

Ethanol %E&''( consumption in an en!ine is appro)imately*&+ hi!her than #or !asoline since the ener!y per unit "olume

o# ethanol is ,-+ lower than #or !asoline$

The hi!her compression ratios in an ethanol.only en!ine allow

#or increased power output and better #uel economy than couldbe obtained with lower compression ratios$

/n !eneral ethanol.only en!ines are tuned to !i"e sli!htly

better power and tor0ue output than !asoline.powered en!ines$



Demerits with ethanol

fuel-En!ine cold start durin! the winter

Hydrous ethanol corrosion

Fuel economy



Annual Fuel Ethanol 1roduction by

Country %2''3.2'&&(

ehanol as aternate fuel

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