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The transition to parenthood is associated with steep declines in physical activity and excessive fatigue. During the first year postpartum, mothers face numerous physical, emotional, and structural barriers to engaging in physical activity. Thus, effective theory-based physical activity interventions targeting women during the postpartum period are needed.

Background  

Conclusions  •  The results of this study suggest interventions based on social cognitive

theory (EBI) and self-determination theory (ASI) may be effective for increasing physical activity among postpartum mothers.

•  Increases in physical activity were associated with reductions in fatigue, which may have significant implications for new mothers’ quality of life.

•  Future research should explore these intervention approaches in larger, more diverse samples and assess key mediators of effects on physical activity.

Results  

•  Accelerometer counts >1952 were summed and averaged across valid days to determine daily minutes of moderate/vigorous physical activity (MVPA).

•  Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to analyze changes in self-reported exercise, accelerometer-measured MVPA, and total fatigue from baseline to post-intervention.

•  Standardized residual change scores were calculated for each variable, and correlation analyses were used to examine the relationship between changes in physical activity and changes in fatigue.

Department  of  Kinesiology,  Kansas  State  University  Emily  L.  Mailey  

Effects  of  two  theory-­‐based  interven/ons  on  physical  ac/vity  and  fa/gue  among  postpartum  mothers  

Society  of  Behavioral  Medicine,  San  Antonio  TX,  April  22-­‐25,  2015    

ObjecIve  

ParIcipants  

Inactive females (N=49) between 6 weeks and 12 months postpartum were recruited to participate in the study. Baseline characteristics of the sample include: •  M age=32.3 years •  M age of youngest child: 5.8 months •  First child: 67.3% •  Employed full-time: 63.3% •  Caucasian: 87.8%

Data  Analysis  

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of two intervention approaches on physical activity and fatigue among postpartum mothers. The interventions were based on Social Cognitive Theory and Self-Determination Theory.

Measures  Physical activity (self-report): Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ) Physical activity (objective): Actigraph accelerometer Fatigue: Fatigue Symptom Inventory

Figure  2.  Rela'onship  between  changes  in  physical  ac'vity  and  changes  in  fa'gue  across  the  interven'on  period  

Figure  1.  Changes  in  self-­‐reported  (le<)  and  accelerometer-­‐measured  (right)  physical  ac'vity  from  pre-­‐  to  post-­‐interven'on    

Both self-reported leisure-time exercise [F (1,42) = 29.67, p<.001, η2 = 0.41] and accelerometer-measured MVPA [F (1,40) = 7.01, p=.01, η2 = 0.15] increased from pre- to post-intervention (Figure 1). Effects did not differ between groups.

Participants reported significant declines in general fatigue [F (1,42) = 19.21, p<.001, η2 = 0.31] which were significantly associated with changes in self-reported exercise (r=-.40, p=.007; Figure 2). The relationship between changes in fatigue and changes in accelerometer-measured MVPA was not significant (r=.05, p=.76).

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IntervenIons  

All participants attended 3 group-based workshop sessions, which lasted 1.5 hours each and were spaced 1 month apart. Participants in both groups engaged in goal setting, identifying exercise benefits, developing strategies for overcoming barriers, and discussing relapse prevention. All participants received an Omron pedometer. Efficacy-Building Intervention (EBI): To build self-efficacy, participants in this group received a recommended exercise protocol (the Couch to 5k program) that emphasized gradual progression and mastery experiences. Autonomy-Supportive Intervention (ASI): To facilitate the development of autonomous physical activity motives, participants in this group were encouraged to accumulate physical activity in any way that suited their current lifestyle, and to select activities that aligned with their core roles and values.

Yoga  

Successful  Career    

Good  parent  

Happy  person  

Less  stress     Clear  head  

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