eight meeting of icao facilitation panel (falp/8) · 2014. 11. 26. · visa facilitation in the...
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2014 Visa Openness Report
Eight Meeting of ICAO Facilitation Panel (FALP/8)
Montréal, Canada27 November 2014
Dr. Dirk GlaesserDirector
Sustainable Development of Tourism Programme
UNWTO
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Visa Facilitation
• Visa provide essential functions • Immigration Control• Security• Limitation of duration of stay and activities• Application of measures of reciprocity
• However … visa also act as a constraint to international travel and its economic benefits
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Data
Classifications• No visa• Visa on arrival• eVisa• Traditional visa
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2014 Status
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Population affectedWorld population affected by different types of visa policies
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World Population Affected, 2014
62%16%
19%
3%
Visa requiredVisa on arrivalNo VisaeVisa
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World Population Affected, 2008-2014
77%
6%
17%
75%
8%
17%
63%
16%
18%2%
64%
15%
18%3%
2008 2010
2012 2013 2014
62%16%
19%3%
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World Population Affected, 2008-2014
77%
6%
17%
75%
8%
17%
63%
16%
18%2%
64%
15%
18%3%
2008 2010
2012 2013 2014
62%16%
19%3%
Requests for traditional visas decreased from 77% to 62%
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Openness
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2014 Openness Index
Dark blue 0-10, Light blue 11-23, Yellow 24-39, Light green 40-69, Dark green 70-100
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2014 Status – Openness Score
Africa Americas Asia and the Pacific Europe Middle East
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
World average (31)
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2014 Status – Most Open Destinations
Africa Americas Asia and the Pacific Europe Middle East
50
40
50
43
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
World average (31)
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2014 Status – Most Restrictive Destinations
Africa Americas Asia and the Pacific Europe Middle East
14
6
14
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
World average (31)
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The Most Open Destinations
Openness: 100Cook IslandsDominicaMicronesiaNiue
Openness: 99-80HaitiMacao (China)PhilippinesGeorgiaHong Kong (China)MauritiusIslands
Openness: 79-70Turks & Caicos IslandsFijiSaint Kitts and NevisMontserratSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGuyanaSeychellesVanuatuCambodiaMaliCape VerdeGuinea-BissauTogoPalauNepalUgandaSenegalEcuadorMozambiqueBurundiMauritaniaTimor-LesteSri LankaComoros IslandsMadagascarSamoaTuvaluMaldivesDjiboutiKenya
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Destinations Improving Visa Procedures, 2010-2014
195-180 Improvements
• Niue• Micronesia• Palau• São Tomé e Principe• Djibouti• Burundi• Haiti• Mozambique• Rwanda• Guinea-Bissau
179-130Improvements
• Togo• Cape Verde• Mali• Iran• Senegal• Mauritania• Uganda• Guyana• Bangledesh• Lao (P.D.R.)• United Arab
Emirates• Kenya• United Republic of
Tanzania
129-75 Improvements
• Ecuador• Bolivia• Macao (SAR)• Armenia• Sri Lanka• Georgia• Colombia• Saint Kitts and
Nevis• Nicaragua• Montserrat• Tajikistan• Mauritius
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Drivers of Change
• 54 destinations significantly facilitated the visa process for citizens of 20 or more countries
• Between 2010 and 2014 visa requirements were facilitated for 6,748 destination-source market pairs
• Significant changes (20 or more) were predominant
• Most common change was visa on arrival (57% of all changes)
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Economic Blocs and Thematic Routes
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Visa Facilitation in G20 Economies
• 5% to 25% international tourist arrivals growth
• US$ 206 billion in tourism receipts
• 5 million additional jobs by 2015
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G20 Los Cabos Summit Leaders’ Declaration
The G20 Leaders recognized at their June 2012 Summit, the role of tourism as
“a vehicle for job creation, economic growth and development”
furthermore, they committed to
“work towards developing travel facilitation initiatives in support of job creation, quality work,
poverty reduction and global growth.”
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Visa Facilitation in APEC Economies
• 9% to 13% international tourist arrivals growth
• Between US$ 62 and US$ 89 billion in tourism receipts
• 1.8 to 2.6 million additional jobs by 2016
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APEC High Level Policy Dialogue on Travel Facilitation
“…we will…progress work on the Travel Facilitation Initiative as a way to promote tourism and facilitate business...”
APEC 2013 Leaders’ Declaration:
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Visa Facilitation in the Silk Road Countries
Presented at the 4th UNWTO Silk Road Ministers’ Meeting at ITB Berllin, 2014
The development of tourism in the Silk Road relies more than usual on a prevailing tourism interest that produces cooperative initiatives and solutions for the tourism sector.
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ReciprocityGlobal Status and Selected Economic Blocs
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Global Reciprocal Policies, 2014
• 17% of visa policy pairs between countries are reciprocally open
• 33% of visa policy pairs between countries reciprocally require traditional visas
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Global Reciprocal Policies, 2008-2014
71% 68%
54% 54% 52%
14% 16% 16% 16% 17%
57%52%
35% 36% 33%
0% 0% 3% 2% 3%0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
2008 2010 2012 2013 2014
% Reciprocal (Total)
% Reciprocally no visa
% Reciprocally traditional visa
Reciprocal traditional visa restrictions decreased from 57% to 33%Reciprocal “no visa” increased from 14% to 17%
Non-reciprocal policies increased from 29% to 48%
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Open Reciprocity, 2008-2014
61%
90% 91%100%
35% 32%
50%
100%
58%
86% 87%
100%
45%38%
70%
100%
APEC G20 OECD Schengen Area APEC G20 OECD Schengen Area
Advanced economies Emerging economies
2008 2014
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Open Reciprocity – 2014(among members and between members and non-members)
1%
19%
19%
20%
8%
14%
20%
23%
14%
2%
25%
21%
29%
32%
41%
44%
61%
64%
83%
84%
100%
100%
PAFTA
CAFTA-DR
NAFTA
APEC
SADC
OSCE
G20
OECD
ASEAN
ECOWAS
SchengenArea
Open reciprocity among membersOpen reciprocity between members and non-members
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Open Reciprocity – 2014(among members and between members and non-members)
17% World average1%
19%
19%
20%
8%
14%
20%
23%
14%
2%
25%
21%
29%
32%
41%
44%
61%
64%
83%
84%
100%
100%
PAFTA
CAFTA-DR
NAFTA
APEC
SADC
OSCE
G20
OECD
ASEAN
ECOWAS
SchengenArea
Open reciprocity among membersOpen reciprocity between members and non-members
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87 States represented at the 1963 Conference on International Travel and Tourism
Afghanistan, Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Cambodia,
Cameroon, Canada, Ceylon, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo(Leopold-Ville), Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Federal Republic of
Germany, Finland, France, Greece, Guatemala, Holy See, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait,
Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mali, Mexico, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
Korea, Romania, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Somalia, Republic of South Africa, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukrainian
Soviet Socialist Republic, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, United Arab Republic, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,
United States of America, Venezuela, Yugoslavia.
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UN Conference on International Travel and Tourism
States agreed:
“Governments should extend to the maximum number of countries the practice of abolishing, through bilateral agreements or by unilateral decision, the requirement of entry visas for
temporary visitors.”
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Thank you!
Dr. Dirk GlaesserDirectorSustainable Development of TourismWorld Tourism Organization…………………………………..
Tel: + 34 91 5678 224Fax: + 34 91 5713 733
email: [email protected]