Electric Vehicle Teacher： RU-LI,LIN

Student : 4A012050 YING-TI,LAI 4A012112 CHIH-TING,WANG

Directory

1. Hybrid Vehicles Foreword2. Principle3. History4. Hybrid electric vehicle type5. Environmental Impact6. Advantages and Disadvantages7. Battery Electric Vehicle8. HEV and BEVcompare9. Battery

Hybrid vehicles

Foreword

• Hybrid vehicle is to use two or more energy sources and the vehicle propulsion system can set one or more sets.

• Currently on the market for a hybrid internal combustion engine and electric motor as much to promote the system, the use of fuel-driven internal combustion engine and a battery-driven electric motor, such a hybrid known as hybrid cars

Principle• Hybrid vehicles use more

than one kind of energy. At present, usually initiated by the electric motor and the internal combustion engine, by one or more motor driven vehicles, is responsible for the internal combustion engine to charge the battery, or requires a lot of force (such as a slope or acceleration) is directly powered

History

• Hybrid technology first appeared on the submarine. When this type of submarine marine propulsion diesel engine and charge the battery, the battery by pushing in the water.

• First a hybrid vehicle made by Ferdinand Porsche in 1899. Mass-produced hybrid car will have to appear in the 1990s, were the Honda Insight and the Toyota production and Prius, both cars can be directly promoted by the internal combustion engine to power the wheels.

Hybrid electric vehicle type• The earliest hybrid vehicle,

internal combustion engine is not directly push the wheels, just as the generators installed in the car, for providing power from the generator. Only vehicle driven by an electric motor. This configuration is called "series hybrid."

• The second generation of hybrid, powered by the internal combustion engine directly, pushing the wheels. Only as a vehicle for the electric motor when starting aids, when needed thrust output; and provide regenerative braking when braking, kinetic energy will become a power to save it up.

• 2000 Toyota Prius is the third generation of production, the use of computer control and the use of differential, you can only use an electric motor, internal combustion engine, or a combination of pushing the wheels. You can turn off internal combustion engine or electric motor when the computer needs to reduce gasoline consumption while providing high-thrust.

1. [Full mix]

2. [Auxiliary mix]

3. [Mild hybrid]

4. [Hydraulic hybrid]

Advantages and Disadvantages

1. Enhance endurance2. Strengthen Performance3. The burden of the braking system, can

significantly reduce fuel consumption in urban areas

4. Lower air pollution emissions5. Reduce maintenance costs more6. Allow more trunk space

• The disadvantage is that the capacity is still low• Low noise may be pedestrians or cyclists danger• The overall cost may be even higher than that of

pure engine or pure electric vehicles, uneconomic• Battery manufacturing and recycling pollution

problems, but also need to make other hybrid power systems, production and recovery caused by pollution and energy consumption is higher than most pure engine car

Battery Electric Vehicle

Battery Electric Vehicle• Pure electric vehicles, refers to a fully charged battery power prior

to the motor vehicle driven by an electric motor, and battery power from an external power supply add the media often referred to as electric cars, so often confused with other electricity-driven vehicles. Because emissions are not on the road, it will not pollute the air the road, but this certainly does not mean that electric cars do not produce pollution or carbon emissions, generating electricity to pure electric vehicles in the process, and will be different depending on power generation degree of pollution and carbon emissions; in the manufacturing process, the carbon emissions generated by electric vehicles is greater

Principle• Pure electric vehicles to the energy stored in the car battery,

equivalent to the average car's fuel tank, to provide electricity to the motor vehicle, motor converts electrical energy into kinetic energy, pushing the vehicle, the structure is very simple.

Overall, the market for electrified vehicles will grow at a CAGR of 19.5 percent between 2011 and 2017,” Pike

Research said of the Cumulative Annual Growth

Electric-drive vehicles incorporate a number of advanced technologies, like those highlighted below, to reduce fuel consumption and emissions.

The starter battery has about 720W; hybrid 1500W; plug-in with 12.5kW and a light electric vehicle 25kW

Today pure battery electric vehicles use nickel-metal hydride batteries (Ni-MH) and lithium-ion battery (Li-ion battery)

The second-generation Prius NiMH battery

75 Whr / kg lithium-ion polymer battery patterns. The new lithium-ion battery can provide 130 Wh / kg and has thousands of charge and discharge times.

World Electric Vehicle Production and Lithium Demand For Electric Vehicle Batteries - 2008 through 2020

Battery problems arising

• Cell production process will produce large amounts of carbon dioxide, accounting for 43% of the entire production process, greatly increasing carbon emissions pure electric vehicles.

Carbon emissions from electric vehicles have two sources, one of the vehicle production process, and second, to provide power plants need when traveling

Estimates of total carbon emissions (tons)

The proportion of carbon emissions production process

Production process carbon emissions (tonnes, estimated)

Starter 24 23% 5.6

Hybrid 21 31% 6.5

Plug-in 19 35% 6.7

Electric 19 46% 8.8

Carbon emissions

Forecasted Cost of a Typical Electric-Vehicle Battery

END

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