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HAZARDS AND SAFETYCREATED BY:-NIRAV GOHEL

JAY DESAI

MOXIT KHANDHAR

Electricity is an important part of our modern world and sometimes it is easy to forget just how dangerous it can be.

Given the correct circumstances, electricity can cause serious injuries or even death. Electrical Safety

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Electrocution is the cause of 12% of all workplace deaths among young workers.

Electrocution is the third leading cause of work-related deaths among 16 and 17-year-olds.

Electrical Safety

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The most common types of electrical injuries are: Electrical shock Electrocution (death due to electrical shock)BurnsFallsElectrical Injuries

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Touching a live wire and an electrical ground will cause a shock.

Electrical Shock

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Touching two live wires of different voltages will cause electrical shock. Electrical Shock

6 cause you to be shocked.

The severity of the shock depends on:

Path of the current through your bodyAmount of current flowing through your bodyLength of time your body is in contact with the circuit

Electrical Shock

LOW VOLTAGE DOES NOT MEAN LOW HAZARD

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Burns are the most common injury caused by electricity. The three types of burns are:Burns

Electrical burnsArc burnsThermal contact burnsElectrical burns can occur when you come into direct contact with electricity.

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An arc occurs when there is a gap between conductors and current travels through the air. BurnsElectrical burnsArc burnsThermal contact burns

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Thermal contact burns can occur when electricity ignites combustible material. Electrical burns Arc burns Thermal contact burnsBurns

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Another common type of electrical injury is falling.

Workers who experience a shock on elevated work surfaces such as platforms, ladders or scaffolds can fall resulting in serious injury or death.

Falls

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To avoid injuries, you should be aware of electrical hazards. Some of the most common electrical hazards are:

Exposed electrical partsOverloaded circuitsDefective insulationImproper groundingDamaged power toolsOverhead power linesWet conditionsElectrical Hazards

Lets take a closer look at each of these hazards.

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Exposed electrical parts can include:

Breaker boxes without a coverElectrical terminals in motors, appliances, and electronic equipment

Exposed Electrical Parts

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Overloading a circuit increases the potential forfires to occur. Overload hazards exist if:

Too many devices are plugged into a circuit The wire insulation meltsAn improper overcurrent protection device is used No overcurrent protection device is usedOverloaded Circuits

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Overcurrent protection devices include:

Circuit breakers Overloaded Circuits

Fuses Ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCI)A circuit breaker automatically trips and shuts off the current in a circuit if it becomes overloaded.

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A fuse contains an internal part that melts and shuts off the current if there is an overload.

Circuit breakers Fuses Overloaded Circuits

Ground fault circuit interrupters

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A ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) detects current leaking from a circuit to ground and shuts the current off. Circuit breakers Fuses Ground fault circuit interruptersOverloaded Circuits

Receptacle type

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Defective InsulationTo protect you, electrical wires are insulated by a plastic or rubber covering. Insulation prevents conductors from coming in contact with each other and with people.

Make sure the insulation of tools and cords you are using is not damaged.

18INSTRUCTORS NOTES:Insulation that is defective or inadequate is an electrical hazard. Usually, a plastic or rubber covering insulates wires. Insulation prevents conductors from coming in contact with each other or with people.Extension cords may have damaged insulation. Sometimes the insulation inside an electrical tool or appliance is damaged. When insulation is damaged, exposed metal parts may become energized if a live wire inside touches them. Electric hand tools that are old, damaged, or misused may have damaged insulation inside. If you touch damaged power tools or other equipment, you will receive a shock. You are more likely to receive a shock if the tool is not grounded or double-insulated. (Double-insulated tools have two insulation barriers and no exposed metal parts.) You need to recognize that defective insulation is a hazard.

GroundingWhen an electrical system is properly grounded, there is a path that allows the current to travel to the earth (the ground).

When any electrical system isnot properly grounded, a hazardexists.

19INSTRUCTORS NOTES:When an electrical system is not grounded properly, a hazard exists. The most common OSHA electrical violation is improper grounding of equipment and circuitry. The metal parts of an electrical wiring system that we touch (switch plates, ceiling light fixtures, conduit, etc.) should be grounded and at 0 volts. If the system is not grounded properly, these parts may become energized. Metal parts of motors, appliances, or electronics that are plugged into improperly grounded circuits may be energized. When a circuit is not grounded properly, a hazard exists because unwanted voltage cannot be safely eliminated. If there is no safe path to ground for fault currents, exposed metal parts in damaged appliances can become energized.

Extension cords may not provide a continuous path to ground because of a broken ground wire or plug. If you contact a defective electrical device that is not grounded (or grounded improperly), you will be shocked. You need to recognize that an improperly grounded electrical system is a hazard.

1910.304(f) Grounding. Paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(7) of this section contain grounding requirements for systems, circuits, and equipment. (4) Grounding path. The path to ground from circuits, equipment, and enclosures shall be permanent and continuous.

Power tools that are damaged or not properly maintained can cause you to be seriously injured.

If you touch a metallic part of a power tool that is energized because of damaged insulation or improper grounding, you could be shocked. Power Tools

20INSTRUCTORS NOTES:Hand-held electric tools present a potential danger because they make continuous good contact with the hand(s).Metallic parts of electric tools and machines can become energized if there is a break in the insulation of their wiring.A low-resistance wire between the metallic case of the tool/machine and the ground an equipment grounding conductor provides a path for the unwanted current to pass directly to the ground. This greatly reduces the amount of current passing through the body of the person in contact with the tool or machine. Properly installed, the grounding conductor provides protection from electric shock.

Power ToolsTo protect you from shock,burns and electrocution, toolsmust:

Have a three-wire cord with ground and be plugged into a grounded receptacle.Be double insulated.Be powered by a low-voltage isolation transformer.

21INSTRUCTORS NOTES:1910.304Wiring design and protection (f)(5)(v)(C)(3)(f) Grounding. Paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(7) of this section contain grounding requirements for systems, circuits, and equipment. (5) Supports, enclosures, and equipment to be grounded (v) Equipment connected by cord and plug. Under any of the conditions described in paragraphs (f)(5)(v)(A) through (f)(5)(v)(C) of this section, exposed non-current-carrying metal parts of cord - and plug-connected equipment which may become energized shall be grounded. [A] If in hazardous (classified) locations (see 1910.307). [B] If operated at over 150 volts to ground, except for guarded motors and metal frames of electrically heated appliances if the appliance frames are permanently and effectively insulated from ground. [C] If the equipment is of the following types: [1] Refrigerators, freezers, and air conditioners [2] Clothes-washing, clothes-drying and dishwashing machines, sump pumps, and electrical aquarium equipment [3] Hand-held motor-operated tools [4] Motor-operated appliances of the following types: hedge clippers, lawn mowers, snow blowers, and wet scrubbers [5] Cord- and plug-connected appliances used in damp or wet locations or by employees standing on the ground or on metal floors or working inside of metal tanks or boilers [6] Portable and mobile X-ray and associated equipment [7] Tools likely to be used in wet and conductive locations and [8] Portable hand lamps. Tools likely to be used in wet and conductive locations need not be grounded if supplied through an isolating transformer with an ungrounded secondary of not over 50 volts. Listed or labeled portable tools and appliances protected by an approved system of double insulation, or its equivalent, need not be grounded. If such a system is employed, the equipment shall be distinctively marked to indicate that the tool or appliance utilizes an approved system of double insulation. (vi) Nonelectrical equipment. The metal parts of the following nonelectrical equipment shall be grounded: frames and tracks of electrically operated cranes; frames of nonelectrically driven elevator cars to which electric conductors are attached; hand operated metal shifting ropes or cables of electric elevators, and metal partitions, grill work, and similar metal enclosures around equipment of over 750 volts between conductors. Hazards of portable electric tools:Currents as small as 10 mA can paralyze, or freeze muscles- Person cannot release tool- Tool is held even more tightly, resulting in longer exposure to shocking current

Power drills use 30 times as much current as what will kill.

Double-insulated equipment must be distinctly marked to indicate that the equipment utilizes an approved system of double insulation.

Overhead Power LinesOverhead power lines are not usually insulated, and cause more than half of all electrocutions.

22INSTRUCTORS NOTES:Most people do not realize that overhead power lines are usually not insulated. More than half of all electrocutions are caused by direct worker contact with energized power lines. Power line workers must be especially aware of the dangers of overhead lines. In the past, 80% of all lineman deaths were caused by contacting a live wire with a bare hand. Due to such incidents, all linemen now wear special rubber gloves that protect them up to 34,500 volts. Today, most electrocutions involving overhead power lines are caused by failure to maintain proper work distances.

1910.333(c)(3).(c) Working on or near exposed energized parts. (3) Overhead lines. If work is to be performed near overhead lines, the lines shall be deenergized and grounded, or other protective measures shall be provided before work is started. If the lines are to be deenergized, arrangements shall be made with the person or organization that operates or controls the electric circuits involved to deenergize and ground them. If protective measures, such as guarding, isolating, or insulating, are provided, these precautions shall prevent employees from contacting such lines directly with any part of their body or indirectly through conductive materials, tools, or equipment. Note: The work practices used by qualified persons installing insulating devices on overhead power transmission or distribution lines are covered by 1910.269 of this Part, not by 1910.332 through 1910.335 of this Part. Under paragraph (c)(2) of this section, unqualified persons are prohibited from performing this type of work. (i) Unqualified persons. [A] When an unqualified person is working in an elevated position near overhead lines, the location shall be such that the person and the longest conductive object he or she may contact cannot come closer to any unguarded, energized overhead line than the following distances: [1] For voltages to ground 50kV or below - 10 feet (305 cm) [2] 10 feet (305 cm) plus 4 inches (10 cm) for every 10kV over 50kV. [B] When an unqualified person is working on the ground in the vicinity of overhead lines, the person may not bring any conductive object closer to unguarded, energized overhead lines than the distances given in paragraph (c)(3)(i)(A) of this section. Note: For voltages normally encountered with overhead power line, objects which do not have an insulating rating for the voltage involved are considered to be conductive. (ii) Qualified persons. When a qualified person is working in the vicinity of overhead lines, whether in an elevated position or on the ground, the person may not approach or take any conductive object without an approved insulating handle closer to exposed energized parts than shown in Table S-5 unless: [A] The person is insulated from the energized part (gloves, with sleeves if necessary, rated for the voltage involved are considered to be insulation of the person from the energized part on which work is performed) or [B] The energized part is insulated both from all other conductive objects at a different potential and from the person or [C] The person is insulated from all conductive objects at a potential different from that of the energized part.

Wet ConditionsWet conditions are hazardous because you can become an easy path for electrical current.

There are many circumstances that create wet conditions:

Standing in water Wet clothing High humidity Perspiration

23INSTRUCTORS NOTES:Working in wet conditions is hazardous because you may become an easy path for electrical current. If you touch a live wire or other electrical component-and you are well-grounded because you are standing in even a small puddle of water, you will receive a shock.

Damaged insulation, equipment, or tools can expose you to live electrical parts. A damaged tool may not be grounded properly, so the housing of the tool may be energized, causing you to receive a shock. Improperly grounded metal switch plates and ceiling lights are especially hazardous in wet conditions. If you touch a live electrical component with an uninsulated hand tool, you are more likely to receive a shock when standing in water.But remember, you don't have to be standing in water to be electrocuted. Wet clothing, high humidity, and perspiration also increase your chances of being electrocuted. You need to recognize that all wet conditions are hazards.

Safe Work PracticesInspect cords before each useNever overload a circuit Stay away from all unguarded conductorsTo unplug, pull on the plug, not the cordDont wear jewelry or use other metal objects around electrical equipment You can StartSafe and StaySafe by usingthe following safe work practices:

24INSTRUCTORS NOTES:OSHAs electrical safety-related work practice requirements are contained in 29 CFR 1910.331-.335.Electrical accidents are largely preventable through safe work practices. As the instructor you may, at your discretion, include the following safe work practices:

Know Where The Hazards AreProperly Maintain EquipmentNo Exposed Parts Or Energized SurfacesUse Barriers And Devices Where AppropriateNo Conductors To Walk On Or Trip OnNever Use Plugs Or Receptacles That Can Alter PolarityProperly Plug All Connecting Plug-InsInstall And Use Protective DevicesStay Away From All Unguarded ConductorsNever Overload A Circuit Or A ConductorBe Sure Plug And Receptacle Have Proper Mating ConfigurationDont Use Nails, Staples, Screws, Etc, To Attach Or Fasten A Cord Or PlugTwo Conductor Cords Are IllegalDamaged Cords Should Never Be UsedEnsure Enough Slack To Prevent Strain On Plug Or ReceptacleA Plug-Receptacle Should Have At Least 8 Ounces Of Contact TensionCords Should Be Kept Clean And Free Of Kinks And Insulation BreaksCords Crossing Vehicular Or Personnel Passageways Should Be Protected, Sign Posted, And Used Temporarily Or In An Emergency Cords Should Be Of Continuous Length And Without Splices

Training concerning electricity is very important. Training for employees working with electrical equipment must include how to:De-energize the equipmentUse lockout and tag proceduresUse insulating protective equipmentMaintain a safe distance from energized partsUse appropriate PPESafe Work Practices: Training

25INSTRUCTORS NOTES;OSHAs electrical safety-related work practice requirements are contained in 29 CFR 1910.331-.335.

All employees should be trained to be thoroughly familiar with the safety procedures for their particular jobs. Moreover, good judgment and common sense are integral to preventing electrical accidents. When working on electrical equipment, for example, some basic procedures to follow are: de-energize the equipment, use lockout and tag procedures to ensure that the equipment remains de-energized, use insulating protective equipment maintain a safe distance from energized parts

Electrical Safety for the Non-Electrical Skilled WorkerRecognizing and Mitigating Specific Hazards in the Work Place Encountered by the Non-Electrical Skilled Worker Module 6

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Non-Electrical Skilled WorkerThis training provides additional electrical safety training for electrical hazards non-electrical skilled workers are exposed to in the work place.It is developed as an add-on module to the basic electrical safety training module for non-electrical workers.

Review of Basic Electrical Safety Hazard Awareness for the Non-Electrical WorkerYou should have taken as a prerequisite for this training Basic Electrical Safety Hazard Awareness for Non-Electrical Personnel.This training covered the hazards associated with electrical energy Shock, Arc and Blast.These hazards can cause disability or death.You were taught how to recognize electrical hazards.

Review of Basic Electrical Safety Hazard Awareness for the Non-Electrical Worker (continued)You were taught basic electrical safety that included:Ground-fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs)Basic electrical cord safetyResetting BreakersConductive ApparelWall PenetrationsSafe Work Practices for Equipment Applications Only qualified electrical workers can perform electrical work

Review of Basic Electrical Safety Hazard Awareness for the Non-Electrical Worker (cont.)You were taught basic electrical safety that included:What to do in case of an electrical emergency.To inspect your work area for unsafe electrical conditions. To use equipment per its Listing and Labeling instructions i.e. no daisy chaining, no overloading of circuits, etc.What to do if you identify an electrical hazard.To contact your Site Electrical Safety Officer or Safety Engineer for specific electrical safety items.

Who is considered a Non-Electrical Skilled Worker?The following list of workers includes but is not limited to those who would be considered a Non-Electrical Skilled Worker. Fitters, Painters, Carpenters, Laborers, Utility Operators, Equipment Operators, D&D Workers, Janitors, Radiation Control Technicians, Waste Handlers and Warehouse Workers.

Non-Electrical Skilled Workers (cont.)Non-Electrical Skilled workers are:Exposed to specific electrical hazardsExpected to work safely around electrical energyTo use electrical tools safelyTo follow electrical safety requirementsTo help keep other workers safe from electrical hazards.Obey all postings and barriers protecting exposed energized electrical hazards.

The following slides will discuss specific electrical hazards the non-electrical skilled worker is exposed to in the work place and the methods used to mitigate the hazards.Hazards of ElectricityShock

Arc

Blast

Safe Work Practices: Lockout/TagoutTurn off the power supplyPut a lock on all power sources to the circuitApply a tag Test the circuitWhen performing lockout/tagout on circuits, trained employees will do the following:

34INSTRUCTORS NOTES:Emphasize to students the need for training before doing any work.Lock-out/tag-out is an essential safety procedure that protects workers from injury while working on or near electrical circuits and equipment. Lock-out involves applying a physical lock to the power source(s) of circuits and equipment after they have been shut off and de-energized. The source is then tagged out with an easy-to-read tag that alerts other workers in the area that a lock has been applied.Also, lock-out/tag-out prevents the unexpected release of hazardous gasses, fluids, or solid matter in areas where workers are present.

Deenergizing Electrical Equipment The accidental or unexpected sudden starting of electrical equipment can cause severe injury or death. Before ANY inspections or repairs are made, the current must be turned off at the switch box and the switch padlocked in the OFF position. At the same time, the switch or controls of the machine or other equipment being locked out of service must be securely tagged to show which equipment or circuits are being worked on.

For more information on the Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) standard, 1910.147, see the Lockout/Tagout Interactive Training Program at the osha web site, www.osha.gov and find this reference under OSHA Advisors.

The most effective way to protect against electrical hazards is to use LO/TO.Your facility will have specific requirements for LO/TO. Always comply with the requirements.Only LO/TO qualified employees may work under the protection of a LO/TO.LO/TO accomplishes a zero energy state and there is no electrical hazard.You are required to comply with all LO/TO requirements. Failure to comply can result in injury or death!

DO NOT OPERATE!

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Lockout/TagoutYour personal lock and personal danger tag is what protects you from systems being re-energized while you are working on them.You are the only person authorized to remove them except under specially controlled conditions.If you dont install them, you are not protected!

A Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) is a very effective device to protect employees in the work place from electrical shock.The number of deaths from electrical shock in the work place has been cut in half since GFCIs have been introduced.GFCIs are required for all maintenance activities.GFCIs protect you from electrical shock by tripping on current leakage to ground, which may be through you.Plugging one GFCI into another one does not create a hazard. The most sensitive one will trip first.GFCIs may be permanently installed in the facility or a portable device. Use them.

Use of Specific Safety-Related Equipment and Work Practices GFCIs

Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) are required for all 125-volt, single phase, 15 and 20-ampere receptacle outlets used for temporary electric power, or as an extension to the power supply cord.Test Before Use. Push the test button and verify the GFCI has shut off by plugging a safe device into it (i.e. portable lamp or tool). If it doesnt shut off, dont use it. Reset it. If it turns on, it is safe to use.Report a malfunctioning GFCI to the designated facility organization.

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GFCIs

Most facilities will allow resetting the GFCI one time. Verify with your facility.If it trips a second time, have it evaluated by a qualified electrical worker.It may have tripped to save your life!Repeated resetting is not allowed.

Circuit Breaker TrippingAnytime a circuit has been de-energized by the operation of an over current protective device (such as a fuse or circuit breaker) by a short circuit or ground-fault, the circuit must be checked by a qualified person to determine if it can be reenergized safely.

The repetitive manual re-closing of circuit breakers or reenergizing circuits through replacing fuses is prohibited.

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Anytime a circuit has been de-energized by the operation of an over current protective device (such as a fuse or circuit breaker), the circuit must be checked by a qualified person to determine if it can be reenergized safely.

Also, under fault conditions protective devices such as breakers can be damaged. Without such a check, it is possible for an employee to be injured by the condition causing the over current device to operate or by the failure of the protective device.

The repetitive manual re-closing of circuit breakers or reenergizing circuits through replaced fuses is prohibited.

If you are allowed to reset circuit breakers or other electrical switches, position yourself in the safest location possible.Never stand directly in front of or reach across the device.

Some facilities have specific requirements for who is allowed to operate breakers and disconnects. Make sure you know the requirement before performing these actions.Circuit Breaker Tripping

Moisture provides a conductive path that could result in death.

Never work with wet tools or clothing.

Remove Your Jewelry.

42Moisture may provide a conductive path that could result in death.

Never work around a source of electricity when tools and clothing are wet.

Jewelry should be removed (i.e. rings and metal wristwatches) since gold and silver are excellent conductors.

Use of Specific Safety-Related Equipment and Work PracticesPortable Electric Equipment and Flexible Cord Set requirements:

The user must visually inspect the equipment for defects and damage before they are used on any shift.If the tool or cord set is damaged, take it out of service or have it repaired.

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Portable Electric Tools - Things to look for:Damaged/Broken caseGround prong missing on three-prong plugs. Some tools are double insulated and wont have a ground prong. Thats OK.Damaged Cord outer sheath broken

Cords Items to consider before use.Use per Listing and LabelingInner wires exposed Dont use.Plug not fully seated Dont use. Cords run through doors / pinch points Dont use.Outer sheath damaged Dont use.Cord tightly coiled may cause a problem Dont use.Tightly coiled cord that had a meltdown because it couldnt cool properly when overloaded.Cords must be GFCI protected or under an Assured Equipment Ground Conductor program.12345678

Extension cords should be a minimum of 16 AWG and be rated for the equipment in use. The following is a guide that might be helpful in selecting the cord:

Extension Cord Ampere Rating Wire Size (Copper)Single Phase Two and Three Conductor CordsThree Phase Cords16AWG13 amps10 amps14AWG18 amps15 amps12AWG25 amps20 amps10AWG30 amps25 amps8AWG40 amps35 amps6AWG55 amps45 amps4AWG70 amps60 amps2AWG95 amps80 amps

RECOMMENDED WIRE SIZE MAXIMUM LENGTHAWG #16 25 FeetAWG #14 50 FeetAWG #12 75 FeetAWG #10 100 Feet

Extension cords shall:

Be protected from physical damage at all times.Be inspected before use.Be routed so trip, pinch, abrasion, snagging, etc. cannot occur.Not be used as a substitute for permanent wiring.Be suitable for the environment i.e. outside, wet, sunlight, etc.Shall have slack not drawn out tight.Shall be unplugged by grasping the plug not the cord.

Ladders used around electrical hazards must have non-conductive side rails.Ladders with non-conductive side rails that are contaminated with paint, greases or other coatings may no longer be non-conductive. Check them out.

Stay away from exposed energized equipment.

Always look up before you lift or climb up.

Be aware of overhead exposed energized equipment such as overhead lines, cords, or overhead crane rails.Minimum approach distance to overhead lines below 72,500 volts is 10 feet. (Limited Approach Boundary - 70E)There may be other requirements that apply to approach distances tooverhead lines. Make sure you inquire about these requirements. Possible examples may include: The use of a designated spotter.Approach distances may be different than 70E requirements.Overhead utilities may be under separate management.

Look Up and Stay Alive!

The National Electrical Code (NEC) has specific clearance requirements around electrical equipment to maintain safe working clearances for electrical workers. These are dedicated spaces and include width, height, and depth requirements. The clearance distances are based on configuration and voltage level.

You must keep these spaces clear. Check with a qualified electrical worker to ensure you do not store or install materials and equipment in theses dedicated spaces.

Batteries present special hazards in the work place. They may contain an acid or an alkaline substance in the electrolyte. If you get electrolyte on you, rinse with water for 15 minutes then get medical help. Failure to do this may lead to severe burns or blindness. Most batteries give off explosive gasses when charged. Make sure adequate ventilation is available. Dont cause sparks or flames in the vicinity of batteries. A catastrophic explosion may occur.Batteries can store significant amounts of electrical energy. Do not use conductive equipment/tools around batteries. If you cause an ARC, you can be severely injured. Remember, there is no off switch on a battery!

If you must perform work around batteries or battery racks, eye wash/drench stations are required.Spill kits for the electrolyte are to be available. Use non-sparking/non-conductive tools.

One of the most common occurrences with electrical systems around the DOE complex is excavating, cutting or drilling into electrical systems. There are many methods of trying to identify buried or concealed electrical conduits and cables. None of them are fool proof.

Electrical System Intrusions

Facilities have developed methods and procedures to help prevent these occurrences. If you are involved in this type of activity, it is your responsibility to comply with facility requirements.

If location or condition of energized electrical systems is uncertain, utilize electrically rated PPE and other protective measures such as drill stops, hand digging, vacuum excavators, etc.

Conduit cut Location was right, depth was wrong.

AREA IN FRONT OF THISELECTRICAL PANEL MUST BEKEPT CLEAR FOR 36 INCHESOSHA - NEC REGULATIONS

C A U T I O N

HIGHVOLTAGE

Signs, Symbols, Tags, and Barricades are used to warn personnel of potential electrical hazards.OBEY ALL SIGNS AND BARRIERS!

55Signs, symbols, and tags are used to warn personnel of potential electrical hazards. Barricades are used in conjunction with safety signs to limit employee access to work areas containing exposed, un-insulated energized conductors. Examples of barricades are floor stands, barricade tape, traffic barricades.

REMEMBER!The results of a mistake with electrical energy occur at the speed of light. There is not time to react after the error is made. You must think ahead.Pre-job briefs, planned work instructions, and facility requirements are not optional. Pay attention and obey all the rules, not just the ones that are convenient. They provide the edge you need to be safe with electrical energy.

Post-job reviews help keep us from repeating errors participate in them.You are responsible for your safety.

SummaryIt is very important to StartSafe and StaySafe around electricity. In order to do so:Know the hazardsPlan your work and plan for safetyAvoid wet working conditions and other dangersAvoid overhead power linesUse proper wiring and connectorsUse and maintain tools properlyWear the correct PPE for the job

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SummaryMany items concerning electrical safety have been presented. It isnt possible to cover all the hazards electrical energy can present.If you identify a hazard, make sure you and others are safe and then report it immediately to the proper authority for your work location.70E requires electrical workers to be ALERT.You are also required to be ALERT and AWARE of potential electrical hazards. If you are not, you can be severely injured or killed

Above all, BE SAFE.

THANK YOU