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FANS FOR FIRE TUNNEL VENTILATION

FAN DESIGN

ELECTRICAL MOTOR

IMPORTANT ITEMS OF THE ELECTRICAL MOTOR


• WINDING INSULATION

• WINDING SLOTS

• QUALITY OF THE IMPREGNATING VARNISH

• BEARINGS (C4 CLEARENCE)

• GREASE

• POWER SUPPLY CABLE

• TERMINAL PLATE MATERIAL (IN SURROUNDED BY SMOKE)

• MANUFACTURING PROCESS

FAN DESIGN


FAN DESIGN

ELECTRICAL MOTOR


TEMPERATURE CERTIFICATION OF THE FAN




European Standard EN 12101-3



Classes of fire clasification



Type of tests


• Warm up period (dual purpose fans)

• Heat up period

• High temperature test

TESTING PROCEDURE




Results


INSTALLATION IN THE TUNNEL




Possible commissioning problems

• Aerodynamic circuit



Aerodynamic circuit




• Location of the equipment




Location of the equipment



• Location of the equipment

• Electric connection





Electric connection


• Adequate Fan Selection (Aerodynamic Design)

• Mechanical Design Capable of Withstanding the Stresses

to the Temperature of the Hot Fumes

• Adequate Electrical Motor

• Correct Installation in the Tunnel

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

Questions?

Roberto Arias

Technical DirectorZITRON, S.A.

[email protected]


©2016 Air Movement and Control Association. All Rights Reserved.

Mark Stevens

Executive DirectorAMCA [email protected]

AVOIDING FAN SYSTEM EFFECT

This educational activity is protected by U.S. and International

copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display, and use of the

educational activity without written permission of the presenter is

prohibited.

© AMCA International

Copyright Materials

• Definition of system effect

• How to calculate system effect

• System effect’s effect on power consumption

• The difference between inlet and outlet system effect

• How to avoid system effect

Learning Objectives

Fan Efficiency

Eff

icie

nc

y, η

Airflow, Q

Regulation

Eff

icie

nc

y, η

Airflow, Q

What We Can Do

Eff

icie

nc

y, η

Airflow, Q

Fan Testing for Air Performance

AMCA Standard 210

Test Fan

Auxiliary Fan

Nozzles

Fan Airflow

Piezometer Ring

Fan Static Pressure

Nozzle Wall

AMCA 210 Test Results

Airflow, Q

AMCA Standards 500-D & L

Test Damper

Auxiliary

Fan

Nozzles

Damper Airflow

Piezometer Ring

Damper Pressure Drop

Fan Operating Point

Airflow, Q

Operating Point

Speed Change

Airflow, Q

Damper Opening

Airflow, Q

Installed duct configuration does not match tested duct

configuration

System Effect 1st Definition

Installation Type D Ducted Inlet/Ducted Outlet

Test Fan

Auxiliary Fan

NozzlesFan Airflow

Piezometer Ring Fan Static Pressure

Installed Fan

PlenumPlenum

“Performance certified is for

installation type:

• A: Free inlet, free outlet”

• B: Free inlet, ducted outlet”

• C: Ducted inlet, free outlet”

• D: Ducted inlet, ducted outlet”

AMCA Catalog Ratings

Even when the tested duct configuration matches the installed duct

configuration, improper duct design can introduce adverse flow

conditions

System Effect 2nd Definition

Elbow Example

AMCA Publication 201 Plenum Example

E-F duct friction at 5000CMH (Q) 747 Pa (duct design)

E contraction loss-plenum to duct

50 Pa (part of duct system)

E PS energy required to create velocity at E


D PV loss (also PT loss) at D as result of air velocity decrease, PS does not change from duct to plenum at D

0 Pa

C-D outlet duct on fan as tested 0 Pa

Required Fan Ps 922 Pa

Plenum Example

Plenum Example

Plenum

D-E duct friction at 5000CMH (Q) 747 Pa (duct design)

D contraction loss-plenum to duct


D PS energy required to create velocity at D


B-C SEF 149 Pa

B-C PV loss (also PT loss) at C as result of air velocity decrease, PS does not change from duct to plenum at C

0 Pa

Required Fan Ps 1071 Pa

Plenum Example

Assuming:

• Use of the same fan for both systems

• Can attain both operating points with a change in speed

• Speed change ratio; (1071/922)0.5 = 1.08

Plenum Example from AMCA 201

• 1.083 = 1.25 (fan law for power)

• The increased in power consumption to overcome system effect

is about 25%

Plenum Example from AMCA 201

8% Speed Change

25% More H

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Airflow, Q

Pre

ss

ure

,P

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

Po

we

r,H

8% More Q

Inlet System Effect

Outlet System Effect

Before increasing speed

• Check with the manufacturer for max safe operating speed

• Determine expected power increase

Motor size

Electric service

• Expect more noise

Speed Changes

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