electronics and robotics - ajith amarasekara

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Paradigm Shifts and Opportunities in the Electronics Industry Dr. Ajith Amerasekera University of California, Berkeley, USA Synergen Technology Lab, Colombo, Sri Lanka and Dallas, USA September 2016

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Paradigm Shifts and Opportunities in the Electronics Industry

Dr. Ajith Amerasekera University of California, Berkeley, USA Synergen Technology Lab, Colombo, Sri Lanka and Dallas, USA September 2016

Outline

• Introduction

• Market Growth

• Technology Drivers

• Expertise

• Summary

LOOKING BEYOND WIRELESS

Market Growth

3

Technology Trends

• Mega-Trends:

–Population growth

– Super-urbanization

–Transportation and Connectivity

– Limited natural resources

• Electronic technology is changing the way the world operates – Replacing mechanical components as we automate

tasks that have never been automated before

World Market for Internet Connected Devices - New Device Shipments Connected Devices (M)

Source: IMS Research Aug-12

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2011 2012 2013 2016 2019 2022 2025

Military &Aerospace

Medical

Industrial

Consumer

Computers

Communications,Mobile

Communications,Fixed

Automotive

Market Growth Opportunities

Driven by Industrial And Consumer Apps

LOOKING BEYOND WIRELESS

What is driving the technology?

6

New Application Drivers: A Fundamental Transformation in Engineering

Pre-1950’s: Engineering the physical world (industrial revolutions)

Post 2000: “Cyberphysical Systems” bridging the two, engaging society at large

1950-2000’s: Engineering abstract objects (the “cyber world”)

The Many Faces of CyberPhysical/Biological Systems

IoT (Consumer, Smart Homes)

Sensor Nets (Smarter Planet)

Industrial Internet (Industry 4.0, M2M, V2V)

Human Intranet

9

Connectivity – Platform for the Future

• Beyond 5G, networks will be required to provide ubiquitous connectivity for large amounts of information transfer – video, security, information.

• Semiconductor technologies transforming society – from personal well-being to industrial automation and transportation.

• Autonomous systems with closed loop control require more data bandwidth driving higher communication speeds, with lower latency, high robustness, and high energy efficiency.

The IoT – More than just things

Cloud Gateway Bridge or

Router

Edge Node

s

Edge Nodes

• Connected Things Enabling a More Interactive Environment

• Connected Systems Enabling a More Efficient Environment

Smart Systems Smart Things

The Next Frontier: CoBots and the Industrial Internet

The Tactile Internet

The Manufacturing Revolution Ahead

Gerhard Fettweis Slide 13

http://jerryrushing.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/robotic_assembly_line1.jpg http://www.witchdoctor.co.nz/wp-

content/uploads/2013/01/robot-fabrication-station.jpg

The Tactile Internet: Remote Controlled Humanoid Robots

Gerhard Fettweis

http://images.gizmag.com/hero/8456_51207105642.jpg

http://www.dvice.com/archives/2011/05/kinect_controll_1.php

An Internet with co-joint Senses and Motor Control

Human-Machine Collaboration brings new challenges and opportunities

Driving the need for real-time communications

Internet of Things in Production

• The Smart Factory is an autonomous, self configurable, decentralized production facility

• The starting materials and the tools are intelligent, have their own identity and can be

located at any time; they know their history, status and how to reach their final state.

• The Smart Factory is able to handle complexity, achieving significantly higher flexibility and

adaptability by using highest productivity and quality levels with optimized use of resources

Internet of Things

Industrial

Internet of

Things

Industry 4.0

Consumer Building Industrial Manufacturing

Real-time

Functional Safety

After You (⌒-⌒)

Go

Sag゙

Slow-down Propagation Smooth flow at 50Km/h

Merger Assist

Passing Assist (w/BSW)

Sag Congestion

Highway Road

Local Group Cooperation

Go Assist for

Green Light

Green Wave Flow

Automotive – Future V2I and V2V Communication

Urban Road

Toyota, ISSCC 2013

Extend ourselves!

[Time Magazine, September 2014]

The Future

A Human Intranet

[J. Rabaey, Pervasive. Comp., 2014] Image courtesy Y. Khan, UCB

An open scalable platform enhancing human capabilities

Empowered Humans in an Augmented World

IoT : System on a Chip

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Energy storage

Sensor

Wireless Sensor Node

Energy Storage

Energy Harvesting

MEMS Sensor Motivation and design concept

The "smart grid" will require new, inexpensive sensors to measure electric current

throughout the network. Applications include monitoring electricity end-use,

condition monitoring of underground distribution cables, and network fault detection

and diagnosis.

We have developed a new MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems) AC current

sensor for these applications. It is passive, requiring no power source, and is thus

suitable for wireless sensor node deployment. The sensor operates on proximity

without needing to encircle the current carrier or break the electric circuit upon

installation, resulting in an expanded set of possible deployment scenarios.

Cable

Piezoelectric

MEMS Cantilever

Microscale

Magnet

Output

Voltage

Magnetic

Field

Cable

Piezoelectric

MEMS Cantilever

Microscale

Magnet

Output

Voltage

Magnetic

Field• AC current results in an oscillating

magnetic field around a wire.

• Cantilever oscillates due to the magnet on

the end of the cantilever interacting with the

magnetic field of the wire.

• Piezoelectric coating on cantilever

outputs an oscillating voltage.

• Oscillation amplitude and output voltage

are proportional to the amplitude of the

current traveling through the wire.

Radio

Energy harvesting

Radio

Expertise

17

Electronic Control Systems

Interpret

Control Actuate

Sense

• Data Acquisition • Signal

Processing • Machine

Learning • Control Theory • Computing

Challenges

• At all possible levels:

–Physical layer and low latency networks

–Architecture and infrastructure; closed loop and control systems

–Ultra low-energy cognitive processing

–Machine learning, system modeling , planning and anticipation, game theory, collaboration, decision making

Combining many fields together for system-level solutions

The Global Industry • High speed communication systems have changed the way we

operate with ease of access to people, machines, databases….. • Global access to manufacturing, no longer restricts the industry to

a few countries with large investment capability in manufacturing infrastructure.

• New systems will be small and deployed in vast numbers distributing intelligence across the board and dramatically changing the management of our cities, buildings, personal life, health, transportation, safety and security.

• These systems require data acquisition and analysis, along with machine learning and adoption.

• Expertise in digital signal processing, data analytics, neural networks, and control systems theory, will be important in developing the new applications.

• Countries producing strong computer science and engineering skills, will be abe to engage in the economic growth enabled by these technologies

Areas of Opportunity for Sri Lanka

• Digital Health/Telemedicine: This is an area that is wide open for technology. Todays systems are still very primitive. $76B in 2015 – 22% CAGR – Needs an infrastructure that enables simple, transparent, interaction between remote devices and the

central management systems – iTunes for Medical Systems

– Medical practitioners have to be able to quickly access and analyze the data and provide direction.

• Wearables: $14B in 2014, $70B in 2022

– Synergies with strong Sri Lanka’s textile industry

– Ultra low power systems, signal processing and data analytics

– Flexible electronics, including batteries and energy harvesting.

• Factory and Industrial Automation: $150B in 2014, $200B in 2020 – Mechatronics - Intelligent systems for Cobots, Robots, and Automation.

– Need to work with systems manufacturers to understand their needs and driver technologies

• Smart Agriculture: $3B in 2015 to $5B in 2020 – Need to work with users to develop solutions to make electronics in agriculture a differentiator.

• Investments:

– Governments see technology investment as a forcing function

– Long development times require deep pockets to withstand market pressures

– Big investments across Asia as other countries see the economic value of technology.

21

22

Opportunities for Sri Lanka

• Synergen Tech Labs – An Example • Self-funded by entrepeneurs with healthcare software experience. Began

in 2014 and has 9 recent undergraduates from University of Moratuwa.

• Focus on Intelligent Systems for the IoT. Quickly came up to speed on IoT technologies using existing and new platforms. The platforms are not differentiating.

• Differentiating skills are signal processing, communication theory, and control systems.

• Areas where Universities in Sri Lanka have great advantages.

• Combined with mechanical engineering, to enable mechatronics – a growing need in this field.

• STL identified niche areas in health care (e.g. telemedicine), wellness and wearables as providing opportunities for differentiation at global level.

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SUMMARY

• Opportunities: mechanical systems are being replaced by electronics with intelligence enabling autonomous operation, adaptability, energy efficiency.

• Challenges: need to work with the systems manufacturers to understand the requirements

• Introduction times are long and so are development times; need patience

• Skills: data acquisition and analytics, signal processing, machine learning, and control theory, are critical.