electrons in atoms. so, you live on aspen st., but what is your exact address? we know that...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Electrons in Atoms. So, you live on Aspen St., but what is your exact address? We know that electrons can occupy energy levels, but they can also](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081821/56649ea75503460f94ba9876/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 5Electrons in Atoms
![Page 2: Electrons in Atoms. So, you live on Aspen St., but what is your exact address? We know that electrons can occupy energy levels, but they can also](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081821/56649ea75503460f94ba9876/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Electron Configurations
So, you live on Aspen St., but what is your exact address?
We know that electrons can occupy energy levels, but they can also reside within sublevels.
Each level has a fixed number of sublevels and each sublevel has a fixed number of electrons
![Page 3: Electrons in Atoms. So, you live on Aspen St., but what is your exact address? We know that electrons can occupy energy levels, but they can also](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081821/56649ea75503460f94ba9876/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The orbitals are where an electron spends 90% of its time.
![Page 4: Electrons in Atoms. So, you live on Aspen St., but what is your exact address? We know that electrons can occupy energy levels, but they can also](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081821/56649ea75503460f94ba9876/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Order the Orbitals
Principal Energy Level
Sublevels # of orbitals in each sublevel
n = 1
n = 2
n = 3
n = 4
![Page 5: Electrons in Atoms. So, you live on Aspen St., but what is your exact address? We know that electrons can occupy energy levels, but they can also](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081821/56649ea75503460f94ba9876/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
This shows the different blocks in the Periodic Table. It also shows in what order to write electron
configurations (1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d,7p)
Block Table
![Page 6: Electrons in Atoms. So, you live on Aspen St., but what is your exact address? We know that electrons can occupy energy levels, but they can also](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081821/56649ea75503460f94ba9876/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Rules
1. Aufbau Principle – fill lowest energy levels first
2. Pauli Exclusion Principle – only two electrons in an orbital with opposite spins
3. Hund’s Rule – (bus seat rule) place one electron in each orbital before placing the second
![Page 7: Electrons in Atoms. So, you live on Aspen St., but what is your exact address? We know that electrons can occupy energy levels, but they can also](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081821/56649ea75503460f94ba9876/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Orbital Order
![Page 8: Electrons in Atoms. So, you live on Aspen St., but what is your exact address? We know that electrons can occupy energy levels, but they can also](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081821/56649ea75503460f94ba9876/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
How do we write an electron configuration?
H
He
Be
B
Kr
![Page 9: Electrons in Atoms. So, you live on Aspen St., but what is your exact address? We know that electrons can occupy energy levels, but they can also](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081821/56649ea75503460f94ba9876/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
1s
2s
3s
4s
2p
3p
4p
3d
4d
sp
d
f
1s1
1234567
That’s right: it goes in the 1s sublevel. And its el. config is 1s2. Notice in the table above where H is – in the area designated as 1s. So where does the next electron go?
1 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
1 2 3 4 5 6
5s
+
![Page 10: Electrons in Atoms. So, you live on Aspen St., but what is your exact address? We know that electrons can occupy energy levels, but they can also](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081821/56649ea75503460f94ba9876/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
1s
2s
3s
4s
2p
3p
4p
3d
4d
sp
d
f
1s2
1234567
1 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
1 2 3 4 5 6
5s
If you were thinking it went in the 2s, then you forgot that each orbital can hold up to two electrons. Note how He is right here in the area designated as 1s2 and so its el. config. is 1s2.+
![Page 11: Electrons in Atoms. So, you live on Aspen St., but what is your exact address? We know that electrons can occupy energy levels, but they can also](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081821/56649ea75503460f94ba9876/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
1s
2s
3s
4s
2p
3p
4p
3d
4d
sp
d
f
1s2 2s2
1234567
1 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
1 2 3 4 5 6
5s
Is this what you were thinking? Good. Now look at the periodic table above, what comes after the 2s sublevel?
The 2p sublevel. So what will the next el. conf. be?+
![Page 12: Electrons in Atoms. So, you live on Aspen St., but what is your exact address? We know that electrons can occupy energy levels, but they can also](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081821/56649ea75503460f94ba9876/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
1s
2s
3s
4s
2p
3p
4p
3d
4d
sp
d
f
1s2 2s2 2p1
1234567
1 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
1 2 3 4 5 6
5s
Is this what you were thinking? Notice how B is in the 2p1 spot.
So its full el. conf. is 1s2 2s2 2p1. What’s next?+
![Page 13: Electrons in Atoms. So, you live on Aspen St., but what is your exact address? We know that electrons can occupy energy levels, but they can also](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081821/56649ea75503460f94ba9876/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
1s
2s
3s
4s
2p
3p
4p
3d
4d
sp
d
f
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6
1234567
1 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
1 2 3 4 5 6
5s
+