electrophoresis: it is the movement of charged molecules in an electrical field towards the...
DESCRIPTION
In case of decreased serum albumin (hypoalbuminaemia), the albumin band becomes less dense. This occurs,for example, in advanced liver disease as liver is the site of albumin synthesis. The separated proteins are made visible by staining. 4) Density (Intensity of color) of each band is directly proportional to its serum concentration, so albumin will show the most dense band (serum albumin is gm%, while globulins gm%).TRANSCRIPT
Electrophoresis:
It is the movement of charged molecules in an electrical field towards the oppositely charged electrode.It is used for separation of proteins for diagnosis of some diseases such as immune disease , genetic diseases (such as Hb S and Hb C diseases. The rate of migration of charged molecules depends on: a - amount of charge on the molecule OR b- molecular weight (size) of the molecule if the charge is equal.
Serum protein electophoresis:In the standard method, serum samples are applied to support medium (agarose gel) on plate close to the cathode end. Both ends of support medium is immersed in alkaline buffer (pH 8.6), so proteins in this pH will be negatively charged.
2) The support strip is connected to two
electrodes and a current is passed through the
strip to separate proteins.
3) As serum proteins are negatively charged,
they will move toward anode (positive
electrode). Serum proteins move according to
their density and amount of charge then
arranged into 5 bands: albumin moves faster to
the anode followed by α1 globulin, α2 globulin,
β globulin and γ globulins.
In case of decreased serum albumin (hypoalbuminaemia), the
albumin band becomes less dense. This occurs ,for example, in
advanced liver disease as liver is the site of albumin synthesis.
The separated proteins are made visible by staining.
4) Density (Intensity of color) of each band is directly proportional to
its serum concentration, so albumin will show the most dense band
(serum albumin is 3.5-5.5 gm%, while globulins 1.8-3.3 gm%).
Electrophoresis
Electrophoresis apparatus
Use of Protein Electrophoresis to diagnose sickle cell